The demand for sustainability on this earth is more prominent than ever. The global climate crisis affects everyone, and the movie industry's massive annual emissions are certain. However, the movie industry has not yet been investigated in-depth nor held accountable for its environmental impact. In the literature, environmental regulations of powerful institutions, such as the European Union, have been influential for sustainable change. Hence, this thesis will examine the interface of project-based organizations, environmental regulations, and sustainable practices through an exploratory approach. Precisely, this thesis aims to examine the influence of environmental regulations on project-based industries, using the example of the European movie industry with a focus on Germany and Italy. The research questions focus on the aspects of pressures and impacting factors along the supply chains of moviemaking. Lastly, it is also examined how stakeholders are affected by EU regulations. Data is gathered through a qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviews, and analyzed through the theoretical frame of institutional and stakeholder theory. The results of this study reveal that there is currently no specific impact of EU regulations on sustainable practices in the movie industry. Also, currently, no EU laws affect the defined stakeholders in the film business. Instead, it could be found that national legislation and infrastructure, private sector engagement, and organizations' self-commitment are impacting the industry to become more sustainable. Moreover, the movie industry's structural factor as project-based affects cooperation, communication, and laws for sustainability. This thesis serves as a groundwork for further research and practical implementations for sustainable filmmaking.

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This experiment was designed to determine which assessment method: continuous assessment (in the form of daily in-class quizzes), cumulative assessment (in the form of online homework), or project-based learning, best predicts student learning (dependent upon posttest grades) in an undergraduate mathematics course. Participants included 117 university-level undergraduate freshmen enrolled in a course titled "Mathematics for Calculus". Initially, a multiple regression model was formulated to model the relationship between the predictor variables (the continuous assessment, cumulative assessment, and project scores) versus the outcome variable (the posttest scores). However, due to the possibility of multicollinearity present between the cumulative assessment predictor variable and the continuous assessment predictor variable, a stepwise regression model was implemented and caused the cumulative assessment predictor variable to be forced out of the resulting model, based on the results of statistical significance and hypothesis testing. The finalized stepwise regression model included continuous assessment scores and project scores as predictor variables of students' posttest scores with a 99% confidence level. Results indicated that ultimately the continuous assessment scores best predicted students' posttest scores.

This Master's thesis presents experimental work on the introduction of media project training in the system of secondary vocational education. This work reveals the methodological basis using of project and media- project training in the system of secondary vocational education. The examples of the use of social media in Russian and foreign education are presented, and platforms for implementing media project training are identified. The possibilities of cooperation between social media and the system of secondary vocational education are revealed. The experience of implementing media project training on the example of the College of management and service «Style» is presented. / В настоящей магистерской диссертации представлена опытно-экспериментальная работа по внедрению медиапроектного обучения в систему среднего профессионального образования. В работе выявлены методологические основы использования проектного и медиапроектного обучения в системе среднего профессионального образования. Представлены примеры использования социальных медиа в российском и зарубежном образовании, выявлены площадки для реализации медиапроектного обучения. Выявлены возможности сотрудничества социальных медиа и системы среднего профессионального образования. Представлен опыт реализации медиапроектного обучения на примере Колледжа управления и сервиса «Стиль».

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Samverkan har internationellt uppmärksammats som en lösning på de utmaningar byggindustrin möter. Utmaningar har tidigare belysts som komplexa processer och idag finns en utveckling där projekten är både större och mer komplicerade, vilket kräver en bättre koordinering av resurser. Det har också visats att projektbaserade organisationer har svårt att hantera och överföra kunskap mellan projekt och inom entreprenadorganisationen. Samverkanskonceptet strävar att kombinera aktörers resurser och kunskaper i tidiga skeden av projekt. Detta för att bättre hantera komplexitet, samtidigt som samarbetet leder till bättre affärsrelationer och minskade konflikter mellan projektets olika aktörer. Sedan 2017 har ledningssystem, modeller och kontrakts mallar för samverkan lanserats och anpassats för svenska byggindustrin. Målet med dessa är att främja användandet av samverkan och skapa en enhetlig bild av konceptet i branschen. Denna masteruppsats syfte är att förbättra förutsättningar för entreprenadorganisationers arbete med kunskapsåterföring i och mellan samverkansprojekt. Masteruppsatsen studerar hur utvecklingen och arbetet med samverkansprojekt sker i entreprenadorganisationer och fokuserar på deras erfarenheter, förutsättningar, definitioner av samverkan samt samverkansprojektens roll i deras affärsplaner. Vidare undersöks vilka strukturer och mekanismer för lärande som existerar i entreprenadorganisationer och hur dessa kan bidra till utveckling av samverkansprojekt. Resultatet i studien är baserad på en kvalitativ studie där 15 respondenter intervjuades. Studien visade att de två affärsområdena har strategiskt satsat på samverkan. Trots att samverkan har blivit en stor del av entreprenadorganisationers verksamhet återstår utmaningar vid implementering av samverkan då branschen har olika erfarenhet och förståelse för att driva projekt i samverkan. Dock står det klart att samverkans projekt är en värdefull del av entreprenadorganisationens affärsplaner. Därför strävar entreprenadorganisationer till att upprätta strukturer för kunskapsåterföring i och mellan samverkansprojekt, bland annat genom nätverk, forum för kunskapsutbyte, studiebesök och strategisk samverkan. Trots att strukturer för kunskapsdelning existerar är det svårt att formalisera kunskap och erfarenheter från individer. Studien påvisar att den mest värdefulla kunskapen finns hos individen och att det är individer som i hög gradbidrar till utveckling och förbättring i samverkansprojekt. Därför måste organisationer försöka skapa en god samarbetskultur så att strukturer för kunskapsåterföring och kunskapsdelning fyller sin funktion och motiverar individerna att dela med sig av tidigare erfarenhet och kunskap och kan därmed förbättra och utveckla organisationens samverkansprojekt. / Partnering has internationally been acknowledged as a solution to the challenges that the construction industry faces. The challenges have previously been illustrated as complex processes and a development where projects have become larger and more complicated, which requires efficient coordination or resources. Furthermore, it has been proven that project-based organisations face challenges in managing and sharing knowledge between projects and within the contractor organisation. Partnering as a concept aims to combine stakeholders’ resources and knowledge in early phases of projects to better manage the complexity, in addition this collaboration improves business relations and reduces conflicts between project stakeholders. Since 2017 partnering models, management systems and contract templates have been launched and adapted to the Swedish construction industry, with the purpose to promote the use of partnering and create a common view of the concept within the industry. This Master Thesis aims to improve the prerequisites for contractor organisations work with knowledge feedback in and between partnering projects. The Master Thesis studies the development and work in partnering projects in contractor organisations and focuses on their experience, prerequisites, definitions of partnering and partnering projects role in their business plans. Furthermore, the existing structures and mechanisms for learning in contractor organisations are explored, along with how they can contribute to the development of partnering projects. The result of the study is based on a qualitative study where 15 respondents were interviewed. The study showed that the two business areas have strategically invested in partnering. Although partnering has become a large part of operations in contractor organisations, challenges remain upon implementation of partnering due to differences in experience and understanding of managing partnering projects within the industry. However, it is clear that partnering projects have a valuable role in contractor organisations business plans. Therefore, contractor organisations strive to establish structures for knowledge feedback within and between partnering projects through, amongst other things, networks, knowledge feedback forums, study visits and strategic partnering. Although structures for sharing knowledge exist, it is challenging to formalise individuals' knowledge and experience. This study demonstrates that the most valuable knowledge lies within the individual and that it is the individuals who contribute to the development and improvement in partnering projects. Therefore, organisations should aim to create a good collaboration culture so that the structures for knowledge feedback and sharing fulfil their purpose and motivate individuals to share their past experience and knowledge and therefore improve and develop partnering projects in contractor organisations.

Utifrån dagens litteratur kring projektbaserade organisationer (PBO) kan tre problem identifieras: 1) motsägande resultat gällande om organisationsformen PBO främjar innovation, 2) överdrivet fokus på teknisk innovation i dessa sammanhang samt 3) bristfällig systematik i dessa typer av studier. Av denna anledning har vi genomfört en kvantitativ studie för att bidra med mer systematik i debatten kring PBO och innovation. Vi valde också att studera en annan typ av innovation i PBO-sammanhang, nämligen managementinnovation (MI). Studien syftar till att identifiera om det föreligger ett samband mellan MI och organisationsfaktorerna centralisering, samarbete och kommunikation, överkapacitet samt formalisering. Utöver detta skall studien identifiera om det föreligger något samband mellan den formella organisationsstrukturen PBO och MI, samt om sambanden mellan organisationsfaktorerna och MI är starkare eller svagare i en PBO-kontext. Studien genomfördes i Sverige med hjälp av en enkätundersökning. Urvalet uppgick till 500 företag vilka blev identifierade genom ett slumpmässigt stratifierat urval. Svarsfrekvensen uppgick till 192 företag vars svar sedan analyserades i statistikprogrammet SPSS genom regressionsanalyser. Slutsatsen av studien blev att vi på en femprocentig signifikansnivå bekräftade en av femton hypoteser, nämligen H8c. Hypotesen beskriver att sambandet mellan personalöverkapacitet och MI är starkare i en PBO än i andra organisationstyper. Utöver detta kunde vi bekräfta hypotes 9b på en tioprocentig signifikansnivå. Denna hypotes behandlade formalisering 2 och innebar att sambandet mellan formalisering 2 och MI är starkare i andra organisationstyper än i en PBO. Med detta sagt positionerar sig denna studie bland författarna som hävdar att det inte föreligger något samband mellan PBO och innovation. / We were able to identify three problems from today’s literature about project-based organizations: 1) conflicting results about whether PBOs further innovation or not, 2) excessive focus on technical innovation in this context, and 3) insufficient systematics in these kinds of studies. For that reason, we have carried through a quantitative study to contribute with more systematics in the debate about PBO and innovation. We also chose to study a different kind of innovation in the PBO context, namely Management Innovation (MI) This study aims to identify if there exist a correlation between MI and the organizational factors centralization, teamwork and communication, slack of resources and formalization. Beyond this the study aims to identify if there exist a correlation between the formal organizational structure PBO and MI, and if the connection between the organizational factors and MI is stronger or weaker in a PBO context.  A survey was carried out in Sweden. 500 companies were asked to participate and they were all selected through a random stratified sampling. The response rate was 192 and the information from the questionnaires was then analysed in the statistical software SPSS through regression analysis. With a significance level of five percent this study confirms one out of fifteen hypotheses. The confirmed hypothesis was H8c which states that the connection between personnel slack and MI is stronger in a PBO than other kinds of organizational structures. We also confirmed hypothesis 9b on a significance level of ten percent. H9b states that the connection between formalization 2 and MI is weaker in PBO than other kinds of organizations. Consequently, this study position itself alongside authors and studies that claim that it doesn’t exist a correlation between PBO and innovation.