Au XVIIIe siècle, grâce aux efforts redoublés de l’Église post-tridentine, le clergé semble davantage formé, éduqué et moralisé, comme en atteste le topos littéraire du « bon prêtre ». L’étude d’un corpus de sources éclectiques, issues des archives de la Bastille, du parlement et de l’officialité de Paris, révèle la persistance d’un contingent non négligeable de membres déviants. Enjeux d’une surveillance multiforme de la part de leurs ouailles, de leurs pairs, de leur hiérarchie ou des instances policières, les ecclésiastiques contreviennent à l’impératif de chasteté en entretenant des relations ancillaires, sodomites et tarifées, de manière fortuite ou régulière. Outre la mise en lumière de leurs pratiques sexuelles et d’une géographie de la capitale tentatrice, la confrontation des sources souligne l’existence de plusieurs effets de seuils entraînant scandale, saisine de justice et répression, préalables indispensables à une réconciliation du corps social. / During the 18th century, thanks to the efforts of the post-tridentine catholic church, the Clergy seems to be better trained, more educated and have a more ethical conduct, as confirms the figure of the “Good Priest” in French literature. Various sources from the archives of the Bastille, parliament and ecclesiastical courts reveal that a substantial number of clergy members had a deviant behavior. Some Clerics transgress chastity rules and engage in casual or regular intercourse with servants, other men or prostitutes. They are subsequently closely kept under close surveillance by their parishioners, fellow priests, hierarchy or by the police. The corpus studied has permitted to highlight their sexual practices as well as the geography of the places of debauchery in the city. It also revealed the existence of several threshold effects and the ensuing scandals, court cases and repression, which were essential for society to be reconciled with its Clergy.

Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-05-05T12:57:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Carolina Silva Cunha de Mendonça.pdf: 1497873 bytes, checksum: a095b442af2351d0ac031b7995a46329 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Barroso (pbarroso@ufba.br) on 2015-05-05T14:15:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Carolina Silva Cunha de Mendonça.pdf: 1497873 bytes, checksum: a095b442af2351d0ac031b7995a46329 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-05T14:15:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Carolina Silva Cunha de Mendonça.pdf: 1497873 bytes, checksum: a095b442af2351d0ac031b7995a46329 (MD5) / Esta dissertação busca discutir como foi retratada a prostituição feminina em Salvador, no período de 1889 a 1920, durante a Primeira República, através da análise de teses médicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, artigos acadêmicos de médicos e juristas, apreciações do Código Penal de 1890 – suas alterações e comentadores – e notícias de jornais do período sobre o cotidiano da prostituição na primeira capital do Brasil. Questões como a incidência da sífilis, a regulamentação da prostituição, o crime de lenocínio e o chamado tráfico de escravas brancas são levantadas para compreender quais preocupações circundavam os debates de médicos, juristas, legisladores, jornalistas e policiais, no que dizia respeito ao comércio sexual. This dissertation discusses female prostitution in Salvador in the period from 1889 to 1920, during the First Republic. Through the analysis of medical theses of the Faculty of Medicine of Bahia, scholarly articles from doctors and lawyers; analyzes of the 1890 Penal Code as amended and commentators, and newspaper reports of the period on the daily life of prostitution in the city of Salvador, the author discusses if the representations made by the intellectual elites on the lives of prostitutes matched their experiences. Issues such as the incidence of syphilis, the regulation of prostitution, the crime of pimping and the so-called white slavery are raised to understand the debates surrounding the concerns of doctors, lawyers, legislators, journalists and police officers in regard to the sex trade.

This thesis theologises with the contemporary devadāsīs of South India, focusing in particular on the Dalit girls who from childhood have been dedicated to the goddess Mathamma and used as village sex workers. Firstly, chapters one and two situate the context for theologising by outlining the discriminatory practice of caste and the place of the Dalits, noting in particular the plight of Dalit women. From here it explores the socioreligious identities of the contemporary devadāsīs that have been transformed and degraded as a result of a multitude of hegemonies, to the extent that the existential narratives of the contemporary devadāsīs are shaped by sexual violence, caste and gender discrimination, local village religiosity and sex work. And it is based upon such narratives that this research contemplates God. Chapter three suggests that there exists a lacuna in Indian Christian Theology and Dalit Liberation Theology for the voices and experiences of the most marginalised of Dalit women, in particular those whose narratives would be deemed “indecent”. In response, inspired by the Indecent Theology of Marcella Althaus- Reid, it suggests that in order to be truly identity-specific and liberating to the most marginalised of Dalit women, Dalit Liberation Theology must be born out of the sexual narratives of the oppressed. Chapter four therefore uses an Indecent Dalit feminist hermeneutic to re-read the narratives of the “harlots,” “concubines,” and “whores” of Scripture alongside the lived experiences of the Dalit sacred “prostitutes.” It does so in the hope of challenging patriarchal hegemonic Dalit Christian theologising that portrays the ‘decent' woman as godly, to the detriment of those who transgress heteronormative sexual moral orders. The final chapter goes on to further challenge Dalit Theology to discover the Dalit Christ in the context of the dedicated women – where we encounter a lived religiosity, that is shaped by religious hybridity, goddess worship and the Christ who has become a Dalit devi.

Cette étude en histoire du droit présente les spécificités de la régulation de la prostitution pendant l'entre-deux guerres. Elle s'appuye sur l'analyse des sources juridiques et judiciaires extraites de nombreux fonds d'Archives, et s'enrichit d'une approche interdisciplinaire. La thèse étudie les débats nationaux et internationaux, les lois et projets de lois, polarisés autour de l'abolitionnisme et du réglementarisme, tout en notant au sein de ces deux discours une nette tendance au prohibitionnisme. Elle présente également une approche concrète de la mise en œuvre de cette régulation, avec l'exemple du Nord et du Pas-de-Calais, départements dont la situation géographique et les bouleversements subis pendant la première guerre mondiale constituent un étalon de mesure de cette période. L'étude observe les glissements du contrôle policier vers le contrôle médical, où le policier devient l'auxiliaire du médecin. Parallèlement, le glissement de compétence se fait de l'autorité règlementaire locale vers l'autorité règlementaire centrale. Le prisme du genre permet d'étudier la cristallisation de la place de chacun des sexes au sein du commerce prostitutionnel forcé par l'autorité publique que ce soit au niveau juridique ou judiciaire. Au sein de cette période où le réglementarisme tente une ultime tentative de survie, alors qu'il était tenu pour moribond à la fin du XIXe siècle, l'enjeu du contrôle dépasse largement le cadre de la prostitution pour viser la sexualité en général, avec comme levier la peur celle du péril vénérien et celle de la traite de la traite des femmes. / This research in legal history presents the specificities of the prostitution regulation during the inter-war period. It is based on the analysis of legal and judicial sources from various archives and adopts an interdisciplinary approach. This thesis studies national and international debates, laws and draft laws about both abolitionism and regulationism, noting that these two theories tend towards prohibition. It also sets out a concrete presentation of the implementation of this regulation, with the example of the departments of North and Pas de Calais, whose geographical situation and upheavals during the first world war are characteristic of this period. The research points out the shift from police control to medical control, a policeman becoming doctor's assistant. Simultaneously, the competence was transferred from the local regulation authority to the national one. The gender point of view leads to the study of the determination of the position of each sex in the prostitution business, constrained by the public authority.During this period, when the final attempts at the regulation system, which was meant to disappear in the nineteenth century, take place; the importance of this control goes far beyond prostitution. It deals with sexuality in general, relying on fear : the fear of the venereal disease and the fear of trafficking in women.

The early recollection technique has been in use since the late 1800s. In recent years early recollections have been utilized to analyze a number of different populations (e.g., alcoholics, homosexual men). The present study looks at the early recollections (ERs) of a number of male and female street involved youth. It is exploratory in nature as it presents the first ER research on street youth. No prior research was available for comparative purposes. The population consists of 32 subjects, whose average age is 20 years. Subjects were chosen from a downtown Vancouver drop-in centre. A scoring system, part of which was derived from an earlier study, is used to analyze the memories. The results generally indicate that males and females are passive agents in their actions, have memories that possess negative affect, and are externally controlled. In addition, the males have issues with their sexuality, and gender differences are evident with regard to role-activity and sexuality. This study also highlights the fact that more than half of the sample came from broken homes, had completed grade 10, had Catholic upbringings and, once on the street, were heavily involved in drug use. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

The purpose of the essay has been, to some extent, to show on any deficiencies in the law against sexual services as well as to stress the importance of having a continued debate and discussion about prostitution and to define what is needed in order to meet the original expectations of the law. The conclusion that the law against sexual services does not meet the expectations has been based on the outcome of the analysis made in this essay. The reason why the Swedish law against selling sexual services does not work is based on four areas; lack of resources within the police force, too few convictions against sex buyers, preventional social actions and political legitimacy.  The essay refers to different point of views of the prostitution issue as well as different research studies, articles and public debates. The method which this essay has been based on is a case study of the implementation of the Swedish law against selling sexual services as well as an evaluation analysis.

D.Ed. / Prostitution among girls shows a steady increase world-wide as well as in South Africa. The assumption is that girls who are involved in prostitution are not able to actualize their full potential. This necessitates the therapeutic assistance of an educational psychologist and therefore implies that the aspects that curb personality growth must be determined and redressed. Information regarding the effect of prostitution on girls is inadequate, due to the fact that in South Africa no research has been undertaken to explore and describe the life-world of girls involved in prostitution. Two questions define the research problem, namely what does the life-world of girls involved in prostitution look like and how information in this regard can contribute to an approach for the educational psychologist in handling this problem. The study aims at exploring and describing the life-world of girls involved in prostitution and of using this data to generate a conceptual framework for prevention and intervention regarding prostitution among girls. This qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual research focuses on the life-world of six girls involved in prostitution. The research is conducted in two phases. Phase one represents the exploration and description of the life-world of the six respondents and during phase two this data is used to generate a conceptual framework for the prevention and intervention regarding prostitution among girls. During phase one the data is collected by making use of explorative mutiple case studies. The data is analised by using the phenomenological approach of Giorgi and the content analysis approach of Kerlinger. Available literature is used to compare and complement the data. The themes found through analysis of data emphasise aspects of prostitution, the girls' educational, scholastic and financial situations as well as labile emotions about themselves, their involvement in prostitution and the future. Phase two consists of compiling a conceptual framework, using the above mentioned data. Attention is focused on methods for stabilizing family relationships, scholastic progress and negative emotions as well as ensuring personal empowerment and ego strengthening to enable the girls to break their dependancy on this negative lifestyle. This research contributes to a better understanding of girls involved in prostitution and suggests a more inclusive approach to the prevention and intervention regarding prostitution among girls.

Certes l’étude du monde de la prostitution clandestine et la rencontre des prostituées clandestines sont, pour nous, une expérience fort enrichissante. Mais, côtoyer ces femmes et faire partager leurs expériences et leur vécu n’est pas du tout une tâche aisée. En étudiant cette communauté bien particulière, nous nous sommes heurtée à des difficultés : fréquentation de lieux infâmes, refus de collaboration de certaines prostituées, arnaque et dépense de grandes sommes d’argent. Notre objectif est de comprendre le phénomène de la prostitution clandestine dans la ville de Sfax, les profils des femmes qui y évoluent, y compris celles issues de la migration, et ce qui les incite à cette condition. Notre motivation principale est de découvrir un phénomène minoré dans les études sociologiques en Tunisie. Nous avons opté pour une perspective de la sociologie compréhensive. Des prostituées clandestines ont été rencontrées par l’intermédiaire de plusieurs acteurs ; proxénètes, courtiers immobiliers, prostituées clandestines, éducatrices paires. Des récits de vie, issus d’observations réalisées dans les salons de thé et dans les grands boulevards de la ville de Sfax, ont été réalisés auprès de 25 femmes tunisiennes et ont permis d'explorer en profondeur leurs expériences prostitutionnelles. À cela s’ajoute l’expérience que nous avons vécue à l’Association Tunisienne de Lutte contre les Maladies Sexuellement Transmissibles et le Sida basée à Sfax, en tant qu’assistante sociale dans le cadre du projet du Fonds mondial de lutte contre le Sida, la Tuberculose et le Paludisme. / Certainly the study of the world of illegal prostitution and meeting clandestine prostitutes are, for us, a very rewarding experience. However, contacting these women, and therefore sharing their experiences is by no means an easy task. While studying this particular community, we faced several difficulties: getting access to infamous places, resisting to collaborate on the part of certain prostitutes, swindle and spending big amounts of money. Our goal is to understand the phenomenon of clandestine prostitution in Sfax City, the profiles of women who live there, including those from migration, as well as the push factors to this condition. Our main motivation is to explore un understudied topic in the sociological literature in Tunisia. We opted for a perspective of comprehensive sociology. Meeting clandestine prostitutes have been arranged through several actors; pimps, real estate agents, clandestine prostitutes, peer educators. Life stories of 25 Tunisian women were drafted based on observations made in the tea rooms and on the boulevards of the city of Sfax, which allowed to explore in depth their prostitution experiences. In addition, our experience with the Tunisian Association to fight Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS, based in Sfax, as a social worker in the framework of the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.

Syftet med studien är att analysera hur sexköpare framställs diskursivt i svensk dags- och kvällspress. 25 artiklar har analyserats från Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet, Aftonbladet och Expressen under tidsperioden maj och juni 2020. Studien utgår från ett socialkonstruktivistiskt perspektiv och behandlar de feministiska ideologierna, radikalfeminism och liberalfeminism. Genom en foucauldiansk diskursanalys där det underförstådda, subjektspositioner, utestängningsprocedurer och makt studeras, har studiens frågeställningar besvarats. Fem diskurser om sexköpare identifierades. Dessa är, “Den våldsamma mannen”, “Den otillfredsställda mannen”, “Den kända, framgångsrika och mäktiga mannen”, “Mannen alla tar avstånd från” och “Den ångerfyllda mannen med rädsla för skam”. Resultatet ligger genomgående i linje med den radikalfeministiska ideologin och den svenska sexköpslagen. Studien har relevans för yrkesverksamma inom socialt arbete eftersom det är av vikt att vara medveten om språkets makt och påverkan på individen och samhället. / The aim of this study is to analyze how sex buyers are portrayed discursive in Swedish daily and evening press. 25 articles have been analyzed from Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet, Aftonbladet and Expressen during the timeframe May until June 2020. The study is based on a social constructivist perspective and treats feminist ideologies, radical feminism and liberal feminism. Through a Foucauldian discourse where the implicit, subject positioning, rules of exclusion and power have been analyzed, the studies questions have been answered. Five prominent discourses about sex buyers were found. These are “The violent man”, “The unsatisfied man”, “The famous, successful and powerful man”, “The man everyone distances themselves from” and “The remorseful man with a fear of shame”. The result is consistent with radical feminism and the Swedish sex law. The study has a relevance for professionals in social work because of the importance of being aware of the power of the language and its impact on the individual and society.

Syftet med denna studie var att belysa olika delar av prostitution och människohandel inom svensk socialtjänst och ideella organisationer. Dessutom kan denna studie bidra till att uppmärksamma samhället om fenomenet prostitution och människohandel samt bidra till vidare diskussion kring ämnet. För att uppnå syftet användes en kvalitativ metod där åtta intervjuer genomfördes med yrkesverksamma inom socialtjänst och ideella organisationer. Intersektionalitet, empowerment och social mobilisering var studiens teoretiska utgångspunkter. Den insamlade empirin analyserades med hjälp av en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet av studien visade att det finns en begränsad kunskap kring prostitution och människohandel inom socialtjänst och samhället generellt. Det påvisades att det är ett komplext fenomen där det finns behov av att utöka resurser för att kunna bedriva ett effektivt arbete och ge utsatta bästa möjliga förutsättningar att få tillgång till rätt stöd och skydd. Vidare framkom att det krävs en ökad medvetenhet kring fenomenet då det förekommer i alla kontexter och grupper vilket föranleder att stödet behöver bli mer differentierat för att inkludera alla. Studiens slutsats visar att prostitution och människohandel är ett komplext fenomen som det finns en bristande kunskap och förståelse kring. Det är av vikt att arbetet mot fenomenet utvecklas samt att medvetenheten kring fenomenets förekomst ökas. / The purpose of this study was to shed light on various parts of prostitution and human trafficking within Swedish social service and non-profit organizations. In addition, this study can help to draw society’s attention to the phenomenon of prostitution and human trafficking, as well as contribute to further discussion on the subject. A qualitative method through interviews with eight workers within social service and non-profit organizations was used to reach the purpose of this study. The theoretical basis of the study was intersectionality, empowerment and social mobilization. A qualitative content analysis helped to analyze the collected data. The result of the study showed limited awareness about prostitution and human trafficking among social service and non-profit organizations. It also showed that this is a complex phenomenon where there is a need to expand the resources in order to conduct an effective work and provide vulnerable people with the best possible conditions for gaining access to the right support and protection. Furthermore, it shows that awareness needs to be greater about the phenomenon as it occurs in all contexts and groups which means that the support needs to be more adapted for each individual to include everyone. The conclusion of the study shows that prostitution and human trafficking is a complex phenomenon of which there is a lack of knowledge and understanding. It is important that the work against the phenomenon is developed and that awareness about the phenomenon's occurrence is increased.