Prenant le parti de la valeur mutative du psychodrame psychanalytique, cette recherche vise une description métapsychologique de ce qui en fonde l'efficacité, comme de ses spécificités dans la mise en oeuvre des desseins psychothérapiques de la psychanalyse. L'exemple du renforcement pulsionnel propre à l'adolescence questionne les capacités de symbolisation et de montage pulsionnel permis tant par l'appareil psychique que par les dispositifs (de prothèse ou de détour) que sont les dispositifs psychothérapiques. Trois études longitudinales constituées par des récits de cures psychodramatiques d'adolescents donnent un appui à la construction d'une « figurabilité» spécifiquement psychodramatique grâce à trois opérateurs, nommés le « narratif », le « scénique » et le « dramatique ». Le but de cette recherche est la fabrique métapsychologique de ces opérateurs à l'intersection de la pratique en séance et de la littérature psychanalytique. La notion freudienne de « figurabilité » sert de cadre à la construction de ces opérateurs et à ce qu'ils articulent des capacités de symbolisation du psychisme et de celles d'un dispositif de psychothérapie. La continuité d'un éprouvé de subjectivation permis par l'opérateur du « narratif » se complète des spécificités fictionnelles de la narrativité psychodramatique. De salutaires contournements des mécanismes de censure et une plus ample fréquentation de la réalité psychique soutiennent ainsi la mise en forme des quantités pulsionnelles. La circulation de la notion de « scène » dans la métapsychologie décrit la dimension processuelle que soutient l'opérateur du « scénique ». Si la mise en scène est au service du saisissement conscient, elle opère aussi par le recours à l'hallucinatoire. Ce que la scène du psychodrame permet d'une distinction des objets et contraint d'un commerce avec eux est un facteur subjectivant d'« objectalisation » qui fait contrepoids au repli narcissique. L'objet fabriqué par le psychodrame naît des capacités d'accordage de la scène psychodramatique, celles-ci étant décrites à travers leur usage singulier de la transitionnalité. Enfin, l'opérateur du « dramatique » déploie la fécondité des modes de présence de l'acte dans la représentation psychodramatique. L'excitation véhiculée par le jeu en groupe appelle un travail constant de mise en forme qui utilise divers médiums expressifs. L'objet est à la fois celui qui provoque les quantités d'excitation et celui qui en soutiendra la liaison. L'activité figurative s'articule à une activité pare-excitante qui peut relancer l'activité régulatrice du refoulement. Entre impression et expression, l'activité esthétique du jeu de l'acteur consiste en la modulation des valeurs attribuées aux représentations. Le « dramatique » peut alors se définir comme un art des variations en quête de sens. Les objets de sens issus de ces variations d'affectation sont ensuite détaillés comme visée topographique et subjectivante des entrelacs entre réalité matérielle et réalité psychique. Par sa mise en jeu et en scène, une place de représentation est plus aisément donnée ou re-donnée au transfert afin d'en défaire la potentialité agissante. Pour finir, le dernier récit clinique permet de montrer l'utilité et le caractère structurant de ces opérateurs dans la mise en scène adolescente du second acte de la dramaturgie oedipienne. / Granting that psychoanalytic psychodrama can effect change, this project seeks to produce both a metapsychological description of the basis for its effectiveness and an account of the specific ways in which it pursues the therapeutic aims of psychoanalysis. The example of adolescent drive reinforcement raises questions about the capacities for symbolization and for the organization of drives that are made possible as often by the psychic apparatus as by the mechanisms (whether of prostheses or of detours) of psychotherapy. Three longitudinal studies, narratives of psychodramatic treatments of adolescents, anchor the construction of a specifically psychodramatic "figurability" with three modalities, the "narrative", the "scenic", and the "dramatic". This research project aims to produce a metapsychological account of these modalities at the intersection between clinical practice and the psychoanalytic literature. The Freudian notion of "figurability" serves as the framework for constructing these modalities and for representing their capacity to symbolize the psyche and to articulate a psychotherapeutic instrument. The continuity of an experience of subjectivization permitted by the "narrative" modality is completed by the fictional specificities of psychodramatic narrativity. Salutary evasions of the mechanisms of censorship and increased commerce with psychic reality thus support the shaping of drive quantities. The circulation of the notion of "scene" in metapsychology describes the dimension of process that is supported by the "scenic" modality. If the staging is at the service of a conscious awareness, it also operates through recourse to the hallucinatory. What the scene of psychodrama permits regarding a distinction of objects and constraints regarding interactions with them, is a subjectivizing factor of "objectalization" that provides a counterweight to narcissistic retreat. The object created by the psychodrama grows out of the capacities for harmonization of the psychodramatic scene, the capacities being described through their singular use of transitionality. Finally, the "dramatic" modality unfolds the fecundity of the modes of presence of the act in psychodramatic representation. The excitement conveyed by group play-acting calls for a constant work of shaping which uses various expressive media. The object is at once the one that provokes quantities of excitement and the one that will support their linking. The figurative activity is articulated with a protective shield that can relaunch the regulating activity of repression. Between impression and expression, the aesthetic activity of the actors performance consists in the modulation of the values attributed to the representations. The "dramatic" can then be defined as an art of variations in search of meaning. The meaningful objects that emerge from these variations of affectation are then scrutinized as the topographic and subjectivizing aim of the interlacings between material reality and psychic reality. By being set into play and put on stage, a place of representation is more easily given or restored to the transference so as to undo its "agieren" effective potentiality. In conclusion, the last clinical narrative makes it possible to show the utility and the structuring character of these modalities in the adolescent staging of the second act of the Oedipal drama.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sylvia Fernandes.pdf: 763187 bytes, checksum: c8da198ce989cc3afe1690d017827630 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-16 / This research has the purpose of analysying the influence of the Psychoanalysis through thesis and essays on the education field. Having as a goal the analysys of the theoretical trends on studies about Psychoanalysis found in thesis and essays of the College of Education s digital library , this research tried to characterize these papers and verify their theoretical trends and, as a result verify, as well, the psychoanalytic concepts found in those papers. Through the reading of the summaries of all the available on line thesis and essays, these papers had been grouped in themes. The interpersonal relations theme was the focus of this research, due to the fact that the influence of the Psychoanalysis in this theme was considered greater. The papers of this group had been read in the whole and analyzed in two aspects. First they had been evaluated according to the quality of the production based on the ARR scale. After that the psychoanalytic concepts in every work were analyzed based on one of the Psychoanalysis introductory texts. The results were that the papers have many deficiencies in the qualitative aspect of the scientific productions. And the concepts are not only diluted in the works of the education field, but also presented in a superficial way and without the complexity and deepening of each one. These results showed the subtle influence that these papers of the education field suffer from the Psychoanalysis and that terms of this theory are used in a superficial way and little deepened, disclosing the idea of the common sense regarding the Psychoanalysis that also is present in these papers. / Esta pesquisa se prop?e a analisar a influ?ncia da Psican?lise na Educa??o atrav?s de teses e disserta??es da ?rea escolar. Com o objetivo de analisar as tend?ncias te?ricas dos estudos sobre Psican?lise nas teses e disserta??es na biblioteca digital de uma faculdade de Educa??o, este trabalho procurou caracterizar essas produ??es e verificar suas tend?ncias te?ricas, verificando assim os conceitos psicanal?ticos presentes nestas pesquisas. Atrav?s da leitura dos resumos de todas as teses e disserta??es dispon?veis online , os trabalhos foram agrupados em tem?ticas. A tem?tica rela??es interpessoais foi o foco desta pesquisa, pois considera-se que a influ?ncia da Psican?lise nessa tem?tica seria maior. Os trabalhos desse grupo foram lidos na ?ntegra e analisados em dois aspectos. Primeiramente foram avaliadas quanto a qualidade da produ??o atrav?s da escala ARR. Depois foram analisados os conceitos psicanal?ticos presentes em cada trabalho com base em um dos textos iniciais da Psican?lise. Os resultados demonstraram que os trabalhos se apresentam com muitas defici?ncias no aspecto qualitativo das produ??es cient?ficas. E os conceitos psicanal?ticos, al?m de bastante dilu?dos nos trabalhos da ?rea escolar, apresentam-se de forma superficial e sem a complexidade e aprofundamento de cada conceito. Esses resultados apontam que esses trabalhos da ?rea escolar sofrem uma influ?ncia sutil da Psican?lise e que se utilizam de termos dessa teoria de forma superficial e pouco aprofundada, revelando a id?ia do senso comum a respeito da Psican?lise que tamb?m est? presente nesses trabalhos.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Soraya Rodrigues Martins.pdf: 1224691 bytes, checksum: 40577b58a5ec77b839aa07fad18ab467 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-12 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The central subject throughout this study is the suffering in work. This study is based on psichoanalytical listening and reading, on the Psichodynamics of work and in several authors of political sociology. The clinical-theoretical analysis axis is built on selected pieces (scenes) of clinical files (1992 2005) of consultations (individual and group ones) to people which have gotten ill in work, according to the following subjects: pleasure and suffering relation, identifications, and defensive resources. This research analyses the psichodynamic processes that promote the denial of suffering, such as: the establishment of perverse pacts and the deployment of defense strategies (individual and collective ones), in order to establish the body s refuse and to avoid the thinking activity on the working context. The gathered clinical data show that the processes of getting ill in work are associated to: (1) moral violence; (2) the capturing from the subject to the perverse scene contained in working relations / O tema central desse estudo é o sofrimento no trabalho. Esse estudo está apoiado na escuta e literatura psicanalítica, na psicodinâmica do trabalho e em diferentes autores da sociologia política. O eixo de análise clínicoteórica está constituído a partir de fragmentos (cenas) selecionados de registros clínicos (1992 - 2005) de atendimentos (individual e em grupo) a pessoas que adoeceram no trabalho. A análise está configurada na perspectiva dos seguintes temas: relação prazer e sofrimento, identificações e recursos defensivos. A pesquisa procura esclarecer, em relação ao trabalhador, os processos psicodinâmicos promotores da negação do sofrimento, com destaque no estabelecimento de pactos perversos e o uso de estratégias de defesa (individuais e coletivas), a fim de promover a recusa do corpo (apercepção) e evitar a atividade de pensar sobre o contexto de trabalho. Os dados clínicos demonstram que os processos de adoecimento no trabalho estão associados a: (1) violência moral; (2) captura e alienação do sujeito em relação à cena perversa contida pelas relações de trabalho

Introdução - O aconselhamento é a estratégia escolhida pela Organização Mundial da Saúde para o combate à epidemia de aids por ser um método de ajuda, apoio e prevenção. Objetivo - Analisar as características das interações aconselhador-cliente no processo da revelação do diagnóstico positivo para HIV em dois Centros de Testagem e Aconselhamento em DST e Aids do Município de São Paulo, com base na versão dos clientes e tomando por referência suas repercussões sobre os procedimentos e resultados da atividade. Métodos - Como técnica de coleta para o levantamento de dados, foi utilizada a entrevista em momento posterior ao aconselhamento pós-teste. No total, foram realizadas 20 entrevistas, sendo 14 os sujeitos de pesquisa. Todos os entrevistados eram do sexo masculino. Os critérios escolhidos para inclusão no estudo foram: ter 18 anos ou mais; ter resultado positivo no teste anti-HIV; e ter participado do processo de revelação do diagnóstico de infecção pelo HIV nos serviços pesquisados. Para organizar os dados, a autora utilizou a técnica de análise de conteúdo por entrevista e por tema, construindo categorias analíticas segundo os objetivos do estudo. Os dados foram analisados e interpretados por meio da utilização de conceitos da teoria psicanalítica de D.W.Winnicott. Resultados - Com base nos relatos, considera-se que os profissionais seguem bem o protocolo do aconselhamento, atingindo seus objetivos de: a) lidar com os sentimentos provocados pelo diagnóstico positivo para o HIV; b) dar ao cliente a oportunidade de expressar seu sofrimento e angústia; c) sustentar as dificuldades de compartilhar a notícia com familiares e parceiros; e d) tirar dúvidas sobre prevenção de DST/HIV e sobre a terapia antiretroviral. Os contextos de aconselhamento investigados caracterizaram-se pelas interações de ajuda e suporte para a maioria dos entrevistados, funcionando como realidade compartilhada e dando sustentação para seus sentimentos e preocupações. Entretanto, alguns clientes sentiram falta de espaço para discussão e de mais tempo para abordarem questões pessoais, além daquelas relacionadas à sua nova condição de portadores do HIV. Conclusões - Na versão dos clientes, os aconselhadores os acolhem, informam e apóiam em suas necessidades. A análise revelou os processos psicológicos que operaram no momento do aconselhamento pós-teste entre o sujeito de pesquisa e o aconselhador. A escuta do cliente é a condição primordial para que o ambiente de compartilhamento se instale. O estudo fornece subsídios para melhorar a qualidade deste serviço prestado à população. / Introduction - Counseling is the strategy chosen by the World Health Organization against the aids epidemic since it is a method for help, support and prevention. Objective - To analyze the characteristics of counselor-subject interactions within the process of disclosing the positive diagnosis for HIV in two STD and Aids Counseling and Testing Centers in the city of São Paulo, according to the subjects’ version and based on their repercussions of the activity's procedures and results. Methods - The technique used to gather data was the interview, performed after the counseling moment when test result was communicated. In total, 20 interviews were carried with 14 research subjects. All interviewed were men. The criteria chosen to include a subject in the research were: greater than 18 years of age; positive for HIV; and having received the positive diagnosis for HIV at the researched CTC. In order to organize the data, the author used the technique of analysis of content by interview and by theme, elaborating analytical categories based on the study objectives. The data was interpreted using the concepts of the psychoanalytical theory of D. W. Winnicott. Results - Based on the subjects’ reports, it is considered that professionals follow the protocol for counseling, reaching its objectives, which are: a) dealing with feelings caused by the diagnosis; b) providing the opportunity to the subjects to express their suffering and anxiety; c) surpassing difficulties sharing the diagnosis with their family and partners; and d) clarifying questions about STD/HIV prevention and therapy. In the investigated counseling the interactions were characterized by the support and assistance for most of the subjects, acting as a shared reality and providing support to their feelings and concerns. However, some subjects felt the need for more time to discuss their feelings and personal issues, besides the ones related to their new HIV carrier condition. Conclusions - In the subjects’ version, the counselors welcome them, provide information and support for their needs. The study revealed the psychological processes occurred during the post-test counseling between the subject and the counselor. Listening to the subject is the primary condition to establish a sharing environment. The study provides data to improve the service currently available to the population.

Quand la fonction interprétante instituante de l’équipe est opérante, l’attaque du cadre en institution, devient une tentative pour intérioriser, à partir de l’expérience de confrontation au dispositif institutionnel, le cadre compris comme une préconception non saturée au sens où l’entend Bion. En reprenant les élaborations relatives au rôle du contre-transfert dans la cure individuelle et en établissant une analogie de structure entre le couple transfert –contre-transfert, une dialectique entre asymétrie et solidarité caractérise le dispositif psychanalytique. Un lien étroit s’établit entre l’investissement par l’analyste de cette dialectique et la part du contre-transfert s’exprimant dans le rapport de l’analyste au cadre psychanalytique. Après avoir vérifié la possibilité d’étendre ces élaborations issues de la pratique de la cure-type à la relation formative, au groupe et à l’institution, une analogie a été postulée entre inter-transfert et contre-transfert relativement à l’investissement de cette dialectique entre asymétrie et solidarité. Une défaillance de l’analyse inter-transférentielle induite par un blocage de la dialectique asymétrie – solidarité sera à l’origine de contre-agirs de la part de l’équipe. Ce blocage amène à investir la dimension d’asymétrie aux dépens de la dimension de solidarité. Cette dimension de solidarité permet en effet d’accueillir ce qui vient de l’autre en tant qu’il est autre et d’assumer les relations complexes d’emboitement sous-jacents au lien intersubjectif. Ces hypothèses théoriques ont été élaborées dans le cadre d’une recherche action auprès d’une équipe de formateurs aux métiers de l’animation professionnelle. / When the interpreting function instituting of the team is operative, the attack on the framework in institution, seems an attempt to interiorize, starting from the experiment of confrontation to the institutional device, the framework understood a preconception unsaturated with the direction as Bion has it. By taking again the developments relating to the role of the counter-transference in the individual cure and by establishing an analogy between the couple transference - counter-transference, dialectical between asymmetry and solidarity characterizes the psychoanalytical device. A close link is established between the investment by the analyst of this dialectical and the share of the counter-transference expressed in the report of the analyst to the psychoanalytical framework. After having checked the possibility of extending these developments to the formative relation, the group and the institution, an analogy was postulated between inter-transference and counter-transference relative with the investment of this dialectical between asymmetry and solidarity. A failure of the inter-tranferential analysis induced by a blocking of dialectical asymmetry - solidarity will be at the origin of actings on behalf of the team. This blocking appears in the movement inter - tranferential investing the dimension of asymmetry at the expense of the dimension of solidarity. This dimension of solidarity indeed makes it possible to accomodate what comes from the other and to assume the complex relations of fitment subjacent with the intersubjective bond. These theoretical assumptions were put at work within a research action with a team of trainers to professional animation.

RODRIGUES, Maiza Ferreira. Do Corpo falado ao corpo falante: interseções entre a cultura e a clínica psicanalítica. 2008. 165 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Psicologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2008. / Submitted by moises gomes (celtinha_malvado@hotmail.com) on 2012-03-14T19:31:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_MFRodrigues.PDF: 1373406 bytes, checksum: a3b88ced723176775c4388cdfd393810 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-03-22T12:36:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_MFRodrigues.PDF: 1373406 bytes, checksum: a3b88ced723176775c4388cdfd393810 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-03-22T12:36:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_MFRodrigues.PDF: 1373406 bytes, checksum: a3b88ced723176775c4388cdfd393810 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Men’s concern with the body is a phenomenon which has crossed the centuries and is brought up to date in the imaginary of each age of mankind. Body is not a synonym for “biologic”, taking into account that it is marked, as well, by the historical, psychic and social dimensions. From this point of view, the “body talks and is talked”. Therefore, this work takes into account the medical, hygienistic, publicitary and psychoanalistic methodological points of view about the body to comprehend, based on interviews with psychoanalysts, which are the psychic suffering’s new forms of presentation and also how they are related to the body idealization/submission nowadays. From the articulation between the interviews and the theoretical basis some categories were developed: “Psychic suffering: a meaning to the symptom” and “body and contemporary subjectivities”. This research stands out that, understood as an “ideal of completeness”, the body rules and suffers and makes the remnants of its inadequacies to the aesthetical rules of contemporaneity, based on the trinity beauty-health-youth, to be listened to within the psychoanalytical clinic. As a result, we are able to assert that the contemporary culture, with its aesthetical references, has an important rule in the so-called “new symptoms”. / A preocupação do homem com o corpo é um fenômeno que atravessa séculos e se atualiza no imaginário de cada época. O corpo não é sinônimo de biológico, tendo em vista que ele é marcado, também, pelas dimensões histórica, psíquica e social. Nesta perspectiva, o “corpo é falado e falante”. Assim, o presente trabalho toma os discursos médico, higienista, publicitário e psicanalítico sobre os corpos e, procura compreender através de entrevistas realizadas com psicanalistas, quais são as novas formas de apresentação do sofrimento psíquico, examinados a partir das demandas de análise, e suas possíveis relações com a idealização/submissão do corpo na atualidade. Da articulação entre o conteúdo das entrevistas e o referencial teórico utilizado emergiram as seguintes categorias temáticas: “Sofrimento psíquico: um sentido para o sintoma” e “Um olhar sobre o corpo e as subjetividades contemporâneas”. Este estudo ressalta que, tomado como “ideal de completude”, o corpo reina e padece e faz ressoar na clínica psicanalítica os resquícios da sua inadequação aos padrões estéticos da atualidade, sustentados na tríade beleza-saúde-juventude. A partir das entrevistas realizadas, pode-se afirmar que a cultura contemporânea, com suas referências estéticas, opera na construção dos ditos “novos sintomas”

A partir du postulat psychanalytique de l'inconscient qui inscrit le manque au coeur sujet, cette thèse doctorale met en avant l'articulation universelle du sujet à la culture, au-delà des déclinaisons particulières qui viennent métaphoriser – à travers les signifiants de chaque culture – l'interdit fondamental structurant cette articulation et les prescriptions culturelles formulées à partir de celui-ci. Pour ce faire nous nous sommes appuyés sur l’expérience du vécu subjectif de l'exil entraînant une mise en suspens des illusions fondatrices de l'appartenance dans le contexte de notre rencontre clinique avec un membre de la communauté migrante rom en Île-de-France. En disant rom, nous parlons d'une appartenance culturelle et sociale qui, d'un point de vue psychanalytique, fonctionne selon des coordonnées symboliques. Ces coordonnées, avant d'être spécifiques à une culture, sont universelles à ce que Freud appelle la Kultur : le sujet soumis à l'interdit fondamental trouve sa place dans l'ordre des générations et dans la différence des sexes. C'est à partir de cette place que ce tisse le désir du sujet qui doit faire avec son manque qui se décline et circule à travers les signifiants de sa culture. Si une particularité est à prendre en compte, elle est à situer au niveau des conditions sociales de la réalisation du mouvement migratoire : la conservation de l'organisation des structures sociales de la communauté en terre étrangère permet le maintien de la place symbolique initiale du sujet au sein de son univers d'appartenance. Ainsi, si l'amarrage symbolique du rom migrant ne s'abîment pas, bien qu'il soit constamment confronté avec un imaginaire qui pullule autour de la figure de l’étranger, c'est parce qu'il a scellé son inscription dans un ailleurs inaliénable et intouchable (dit Athiganos en grec ancien) par les effets immédiats du dépaysement et de la non-reconnaissance d'une place chez l'autre. Ainsi nous avons pu comprendre, dans ce contexte migratoire particulier, que l'exil ne commence pas avec le déplacement mais lors de la séparation d'avec la communauté d'appartenance, avec la confrontation à un manque de sens au coeur de soi qui émerge dans la rencontre à l'étranger provoquant une mise en question radicale de la place symbolique initiale du sujet.Face l'évocation nostalgique de la perte du sujet exilé, l'adresse du clinicien aura consisté à écouter de manière respectueuse les contenus – objets de la perte, que le patient présente comme étant d'ordre culturel – mais d'y aller au-delà, de centrer son attention sur le processus même de la perte et de l'épreuve de l'ébranlement identitaire que traverse le sujet, en se découvrant orphelin des illusions qui fondaient son appartenance et sa place symbolique qui soutenait son désir. Les questionnements qui surgissent dans ce contexte seront celles qui mènent vers la subjectivité du patient, relevant les lignes de faille de sa suture symbolique: interrogations des origines, de l'ordre familial, du rapport aux parents, des droits et privilèges des autres membres de la fratrie, de ses propres choix sexuels, etc.Au cours du notre suivi clinique nous avons pu observer un usage subjectif de place accordé à l'étranger, en tant que territoire d’aliénation symbolique nécessaire au sujet aux prises avec le désir menaçant de l'Autre féminin, dont le sujet se sauve à travers un mouvement d'auto-exil. Entendu et accueilli dans la parole, il a pu se métaphoriser en un exil fécond. C'est suite à une opération d'appropriation de ce déracinement subjectif, qu'une installation a été possible dans un espace symbolique autre que celui des origines, métaphorisé par l'hébergement social, devenu espace d'accueil de cet exil subjectif premier. / This doctoral thesis emphacises the universal relation between subjet and culture from the standpoint of the psychoanalytic postulate of the unconscious as determining the fundamental lack of the subject, all of this beyond particular cultural declensions which “metaphorise” – through the signifiers of each culture – the fundamental prohibition which structures this relation as well as the cultural commandments thereby expressed.For this purpose, we base ourselves on the subjective experience of exile in real life as suspending the fundamental illusions of belonging, more specifically within the context of our clinical encounter with a member of the Roma migrant community within the Ile-de-France region. When using the term “Roma”, we refer to cultural and social backgrounds which, from the point of view of psychoanalysis, function according to symbolic coordinates. Such coordinates, before becoming culturally specific, are universal through what Freud designates as Kultur: the subject, who is subjected to the fundamental prohibition, finds a meaningful place within the order of generations and within gender differences. It is from this place that the subject, who must make do with his lack – lack which declines and circulates within the signifiers of his culture –, weaves his desire.If any particularity is to be taken into account, it must be located within the social conditions determining the migratory movement: the compositional safeguarding of the community's social structures even in foreing land permits the subject's initial symbolic configuration within his place of belonging to be conserved. Hence, if the symbolic mooring of the migrant Roma is not lost, even though he is constantly confronted with an imaginary overrun with figures of foreignness, it is because he has sealed its inscription within an elsewhere which is unalienable and intangible (said Athiganos in ancient Greek) as an immediate consequence of the unfamiliarity and the disallowance of a place among the others.Following this view we may understand, in such a particular migratory context, how exile does not commence with displacement, but rather through separation from a community of belonging, through confrontation with the lack of meaning within oneself – lack of meaning emerging within the encounter with the foreigner, radically questionning the subject's original symbolic place.Facing the exiled subject's nostalgic evocation of his loss, the clinician's task is to respectfully acknowledge these contents – as lost objects, which are presented by the patient as being of cultural order – , and go beyond, to focus upon the psychic process of loss itself, as well as the weakening of identity as a trial endured by the subject, as the latter becomes orphaned from the illusions founding the membership and symbolic place which suppored hitherto his desire. The questions arising from such a context will be those which lead to the patient's subjectivity, bringing out the fault lines of his symbolic composition: doubts of his origins, of the family order, of linkages with parents, of the rights and privileges of his siblings, of his own sexual choices, etc.Throughout our clinical follow-up, we observed a subjective usage of the place given to the foreigner, as a symbolic territory of alienation indispensable to the subjet facing the threatening desire of the feminin Other, from which the subject flees through a movement of auto-exile. If met and acknowledged through speech, he could metaphorise himself in a prolific exile. Following the operation of such subjective uprooting was the possibility that a symbolic space other than that of the origins be invested, metaphorised through social accomodation, to become a space capable of accomodating the initial subjective exile.

Introdução - O aconselhamento é a estratégia escolhida pela Organização Mundial da Saúde para o combate à epidemia de aids por ser um método de ajuda, apoio e prevenção. Objetivo - Analisar as características das interações aconselhador-cliente no processo da revelação do diagnóstico positivo para HIV em dois Centros de Testagem e Aconselhamento em DST e Aids do Município de São Paulo, com base na versão dos clientes e tomando por referência suas repercussões sobre os procedimentos e resultados da atividade. Métodos - Como técnica de coleta para o levantamento de dados, foi utilizada a entrevista em momento posterior ao aconselhamento pós-teste. No total, foram realizadas 20 entrevistas, sendo 14 os sujeitos de pesquisa. Todos os entrevistados eram do sexo masculino. Os critérios escolhidos para inclusão no estudo foram: ter 18 anos ou mais; ter resultado positivo no teste anti-HIV; e ter participado do processo de revelação do diagnóstico de infecção pelo HIV nos serviços pesquisados. Para organizar os dados, a autora utilizou a técnica de análise de conteúdo por entrevista e por tema, construindo categorias analíticas segundo os objetivos do estudo. Os dados foram analisados e interpretados por meio da utilização de conceitos da teoria psicanalítica de D.W.Winnicott. Resultados - Com base nos relatos, considera-se que os profissionais seguem bem o protocolo do aconselhamento, atingindo seus objetivos de: a) lidar com os sentimentos provocados pelo diagnóstico positivo para o HIV; b) dar ao cliente a oportunidade de expressar seu sofrimento e angústia; c) sustentar as dificuldades de compartilhar a notícia com familiares e parceiros; e d) tirar dúvidas sobre prevenção de DST/HIV e sobre a terapia antiretroviral. Os contextos de aconselhamento investigados caracterizaram-se pelas interações de ajuda e suporte para a maioria dos entrevistados, funcionando como realidade compartilhada e dando sustentação para seus sentimentos e preocupações. Entretanto, alguns clientes sentiram falta de espaço para discussão e de mais tempo para abordarem questões pessoais, além daquelas relacionadas à sua nova condição de portadores do HIV. Conclusões - Na versão dos clientes, os aconselhadores os acolhem, informam e apóiam em suas necessidades. A análise revelou os processos psicológicos que operaram no momento do aconselhamento pós-teste entre o sujeito de pesquisa e o aconselhador. A escuta do cliente é a condição primordial para que o ambiente de compartilhamento se instale. O estudo fornece subsídios para melhorar a qualidade deste serviço prestado à população. / Introduction - Counseling is the strategy chosen by the World Health Organization against the aids epidemic since it is a method for help, support and prevention. Objective - To analyze the characteristics of counselor-subject interactions within the process of disclosing the positive diagnosis for HIV in two STD and Aids Counseling and Testing Centers in the city of São Paulo, according to the subjects’ version and based on their repercussions of the activity's procedures and results. Methods - The technique used to gather data was the interview, performed after the counseling moment when test result was communicated. In total, 20 interviews were carried with 14 research subjects. All interviewed were men. The criteria chosen to include a subject in the research were: greater than 18 years of age; positive for HIV; and having received the positive diagnosis for HIV at the researched CTC. In order to organize the data, the author used the technique of analysis of content by interview and by theme, elaborating analytical categories based on the study objectives. The data was interpreted using the concepts of the psychoanalytical theory of D. W. Winnicott. Results - Based on the subjects’ reports, it is considered that professionals follow the protocol for counseling, reaching its objectives, which are: a) dealing with feelings caused by the diagnosis; b) providing the opportunity to the subjects to express their suffering and anxiety; c) surpassing difficulties sharing the diagnosis with their family and partners; and d) clarifying questions about STD/HIV prevention and therapy. In the investigated counseling the interactions were characterized by the support and assistance for most of the subjects, acting as a shared reality and providing support to their feelings and concerns. However, some subjects felt the need for more time to discuss their feelings and personal issues, besides the ones related to their new HIV carrier condition. Conclusions - In the subjects’ version, the counselors welcome them, provide information and support for their needs. The study revealed the psychological processes occurred during the post-test counseling between the subject and the counselor. Listening to the subject is the primary condition to establish a sharing environment. The study provides data to improve the service currently available to the population.

Cette thèse porte sur la fonction de direction d’une maison d’enfants à caractère social (MECS). Le travail réalisé s’inscrit dans une approche clinique d’orientation psychanalytique. À partir de quatre entretiens cliniques de recherche auprès de deux directrices et deux directeurs de MECS, la chercheuse, occupant elle-même des fonctions de direction de MECS, propose de poser un regard clinique sur les différentes postures sous-jacentes à l’exercice de cette fonction. La thèse est organisée en trois parties : la première partie analyse l’itinéraire professionnel de la chercheuse et témoigne de l’évolution de son positionnement dans une démarche clinique d’abord en tant que professionnelle puis en tant que chercheuse. La deuxième partie présente le champ de la Protection de l’Enfance, la spécificité des MECS comme institutions de la mésinscription et des adolescents qui y sont accueillis, la fonction de direction à travers plusieurs ouvrages consacrés à cette question mis en écho avec l’expérience de fonction de direction occupée par la chercheuse. Un dernier chapitre propose quelques éclairages théoriques à propos de la pulsion et la pulsion de mort. La troisième et dernière partie est dédiée à l’analyse des entretiens et à la mise en perspective de ces analyses dans laquelle sont avancées des hypothèses de compréhension des enjeux conscients et inconscients dans l’exercice de la fonction de direction de MECS. / This thesis focusses on the role of leadership in Children’s Social Care Homes (MECS) and on the analysis of the psychological sources which underlie this role. The work is done as part of a clinical approach from a psychoanalytical position. Based on clinical interviews conducted with directors of MECS, the researcher proposes to take a clinical look at the different aspects of this function. The thesis is organised in three parts : the first part traces the professional journey of the researcher and shows the evolution of her position in a clinical approach to psychoanalytical orientation, first as a professional and then as a researcher. The second part presents an overview of child protection as well as the specificities of the “MECS” as institutions of care (mesinscription) linked to the characteristics of the adolescents they welcome. Based on the reading of several works on the function of leadership in this type of institutions and using her own experience as a director of a MECS countertransferentially, the researcher analyses the outlines of the definition of this function. The third and final part is dedicated to the analysis of the interviews and putting into the perspective of these analyses in which are advanced hypotheses for understanding of the conscious and unconscious stakes process of “déliaison” in such an institution and to the dualism of the impulse to life/impulse to death.

Coetzee's own experience of living in apartheid South Africa provides the backdrop for novels infused with sardonic irony and rich metaphoric systems. In modes of metafiction that emphasize the destructive and violent nature of language, he optimizes his unique oeuvre to interrogate global, national and domestic power relations. This dissertation relies on psychoanalytical theories that examine microstructures of power within the individual, and in his domestic domain. Each of Coetzee's chief protagonists carries a secret related to a dysfunctional mother/son relationship. This hampers their psychosocial dynamics, their masculinity and sexuality. As they respectively strive toward an elusive new life they confront patriarchal power structures that speak on behalf of individuals, '[whose] descent into powerlessness [is] voluntary' (Coetzee 2007: 4-5). Coetzee's constructed white males perform their several identity roles in milieux that span divergent phases of colonial history. His critique points to white patriarchal hegemonic ideological discourses that bespeak the self/other dichotomy in a postcolonial world where the language of dominance supports an oppressive status quo. / English Studies / M.A. (English)