The 221 members of the Financial Communications section of the Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) were surveyed about their continuing education views and practices through a mail survey. Out of the 221 members, 118 (53.4%) completed and returned the survey. Respondents were asked their opinions about the importance of different types of continuing education programs, how long it had been since they last participated, and what topic they would most like to see covered in a continuing education forum. The members were asked whether their companies encouraged involvement in continuing education by providing financial assistance and positive recognition. Respondents were also asked their number of years in the field, education, type of company, position level, age, income, and gender.It was concluded through the results of the study that the majority of members find continuing education important to themselves and to their profession. Most of the companies do encourage participation in continuing education and members feel that their companies' encouragement does influence their decision on whether to to participate. / Department of Journalism

The work analyzes market of public relations in the Czech Republic in the period from 2013 to 2015 based on the available data. Data come from research for The Association of PR Agencies (APRA) and from the balance sheets of selected agencies. The main hypothesis says, there is a monopolistic competition on the Czech market of PR agencies, because there is homogenous product, a large number of agencies, no entry barriers and agencies don´t have market power. I tested the hypothesis by calculating the Concentration coefficient and the Herfindahl Hirschman Index. Both methods confirmed the main hypothesis of monopolistic competition in this market. Work also includes the TOP 10 of PR agencies in the Czech market according to turnovers. It shows that the largest agency in the 2013 was Bison & Rose and in 2014 and 2015 it was AMI Communications. I also compared the changes in income and in prices of services by agencies that are members of APRA. So I can say that between the period from 2013 to 2015 there was a 18% growth in income of agencies, which was caused by higher quality of orders and not by raising prices.

This project developed a resource development plan for the Department of Communication Studies at California State University, San Bernardino. It employs research in organizational communication and applies the theory of organizational identification to the relationship / donor aspect of the program. It also covers research in the field of organizational identification and its relevance to college alumni.

Die vorliegende Untersuchung behandelt die Fragestellung, welche grundlegenden Konzepte die Wahrnehmung von gesellschaftlicher Verantwortungsübernahme von Unternehmen (Corporate Social Responsibility) und deren Kommunikation beeinflussen. Am Beispiel der Energiebranche sowie einem qualitativen Forschungsansatz folgend, wurden mittels Experteninterviews, Inhalts- und Frameanalysen und Leitfadeninterviews die drei Konzepte ‚CSR als Freiwilligkeit’, ‚CSR als Verpflichtung’ und ‚CSR als Zweckorientierung’ identifiziert und deren Beziehungen untereinander herausgearbeitet. Durch die entsprechenden Zuschreibungen der drei Konzepte entstehen sowohl positive als auch negative Beziehungspfade, wobei erstere die ethische (Selbst-)Verpflichtung und die sinnstiftende Zweckorientierung hervorheben, während letztere den öffentlichen Druck auf Unternehmen und eine wahrgenommene Instrumentalisierung kommunikativer Maßnahmen thematisieren. Das daraus resultierende Wahrnehmungsmodell erklärt die Widersprüchlichkeiten und Gemeinsamkeiten der Konzepte und stellt einen Erklärungsansatz für die grundlegende Skepsis gegenüber CSR-Aktivitäten und insbesondere den entsprechenden Kommunikationskampagnen vor. / The presented analysis deals with the perception of strategic CSR-activities and CSR-communication campaigns. Using a qualitative approach and exploring the field of the energy sector in Germany, data was gathered from expert interviews (communication officers & CSR-experts), content and frame analysis (media resonance, blogosphere, online chats, website analysis) and guided interviews. Conclusively, three concepts were identified: CSR as a voluntary act (perceived self-commitment based on corporate ethics), CSR as an obligation (engagement based on public pressure) and CSR as an instrument (sense-making engagement, instrumentalization for reputational goals). The compiled model illustrates linkages and relationships between these concepts and offers an explanatory approach for the fundamental skepticism towards strategic CSR-activities and related communication campaigns.

本文旨在探討政府公關對記者間日常互動與危機運作，雖以政府公關為研究角度，然互動過程是你來我往的動態過程，不應只從單一面向研究，必須知曉雙方的立場與看法，才能較宏觀瞭解消息來源與記者兩者互動的情形。鑑於過去研究不是單從消息來源就是從記者角度出發，本研究以政府公關與記者為研究對象，探討政府公關日常對記者的互動關係與行為模式，而這些關係在危機時是否能為政府公關所用。 本研究以政府公關與記者的互動為分析資料，探討四個面向：第一，政府公關如何與記者互動，並且管理維繫雙方善意的關係；第二，政府公關影響新聞產製的方式；第三，政府公關與記者之間關係如何轉化為人脈、人情與信任而為之所用；第四，政府公關對記者日常互動往來，當政府公關面臨危機運作產生的效用或影響。 本研究採用深度訪談法，訪問政府公關與記者各三位，從中歸納出政府公關對記者的日常互動與危機運作，包括「政府公關與記者互動影響因素」、「政府公關操縱新聞產製」、「政府公關運用人際關係」以及政府公關面臨危機個案之運用。 / This study aims to analyze interactions of government public relations officers with journalists and crisis management. Although this study takes the viewpoints from the government public relations officers, as the interaction is a two-way dynamic communication process, we should examine the positions and perspectives of both parties so as to understand the real situations between them in a macroscopic method. Since the past studies take viewpoints from either sources or journalists, this study takes both government public relations officers and journalists as study objects, and discusses their behavior to see if the government public relations officers are able to utilize the relationships when crises take place. The study includes four aspects: (1) How government public relations officers interact with journalists and manage to maintain a fine relationship. (2) How government public relations officers affect the news production. (3) How the relationship between both sides converts into personal connections, sympathy and trust, which then can be utilized. (4) How the daily interactions benefit or impact crisis management of the government public relations officers. This study employs in-depth interview as the study method. The interviewees are three government public relations officers and three journalists. The study results indicate that the daily interactions between the two sides and crisis management can be divided into four parts: “the necessary elements of the interactions between government public relations officers and journalists”, “government public relations officers’ manipulation of news production”, “government public relations officers’ utilization of interpersonal connections”, and “the government public relations officers’ utilization of relationships when crises arise”.

Submitted in fulfillment of the requirement for the Masters Degree of Technology (Public Relations Management), Department of Public Relations Management, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2015. / In South Africa, the media coverage and the general perceptions of the public about public hospitals have been pervasively negative and this has resulted in the overshadowing of the good work being done in hospitals. In an effort to overcome these negative perceptions, the Kwazulu-Natal Department of Health has introduced the practice of public relations in public hospitals since 2001. This effort is in line with the National Health Act 2004 (Act No 61 of 2003). The act is described by the Health Systems Trust to rest heavily on the Constitution which, amongst other things, requires the State to take reasonable legislative and other measures to progressively achieve the right of access to health care services, and reproductive health care, within its available resources. The rationale behind the introduction of public relations was that, by managing and influencing the public’s perceptions, public relations professionals in public hospitals would initiate a sequence of behaviours that would contribute towards the achievement of the hospitals’ objectives. However, are relevant stakeholders aware of the presence, the role and the functions of public relations in public hospitals? Based on the above, this study seeks to evaluate public relations practices within selected public hospitals in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa. The study is qualitative, cross-sectional and descriptive in nature. Data will be collected through observation, questionnaires and interviews. The findings revealed that a lot more needs to be done by both the Department of Health in KwaZulu-Natal and hospital CEOs in order to benefit greatly from the practice of public relations in public hospitals as public relations practitioners are under-utilized. Issues of budget constraints, lack of public relations understanding by hospital CEOs are some of the factors impacting negatively the function of public relations in hospitals. It is more of a technical role that public relations practitioners play in public hospitals. This study came to the realisation that not enough attention is given to the practice of public relations in public hospitals. One of the major recommendations is that public relations practitioners should participate in the strategic management processes and be part of the planning process and they should use public relations strategies to build harmony between the hospital and all its external and internal publics. For public hospitals to realise the need and value from the function of public relations, they have to appreciate that the practice of public relations has grown over the years and they have to employ effective public relations practitioners in order to accomplish their goals.

The archaeological communication process can be hard to grasp. There are laws to take into consideration, not to mention the Government structure for culture and arts. This essay explains and simplifies the Swedish organizational communication with focus on archaeology. This study is aiming to clarify all the steps archaeological research needs to pass before reaching the public. The essay will also explore why it is important to communicate archaeological results, and if it reaches out to the extent that is expected. If it is not, the study will present examples of solutions and actions that can be taken to improve the mediation. The essay only investigates the archaeology process in Sweden. There are several Government institutions that are affected by the laws that protect ancient monuments, this study will at first hand observe the ones that have a direct effect on the archaeology communication process. By a survey, interviews and literature studies, the purpose with this study has become clear. The results have been reached by positivism and empiricism as theoretical basis. The literature consisted largely of writings on the subject communication theory, Swedish law and Government structure. The conclusion is that in the archaeology process, there are many factors that effects the outcome of archaeological mediation. Laws, “cultural goals” and several Government institutions has a saying in how, why and where the archaeological research findings are distributed. The PR-model chosen by Government institutions is often “The Public Information model”, but in this case there is no specific common model used by all the institutions that have an influence on the distribution of archaeological results. There is no survey done to show how the public are receiving the results given by “The Public Information model”. According to a small survey done to complete this essay there would be much to gain for all parts if the results of archaeological investigations used another model, or if the stakeholders could agree on the issue of how archaeological results should be communicated to the population. A factor that complicates this kind of work is the attitude in the governing body that considers culture (including archaeology) a non-commercial subject. As a result, archaeology is not seen as a brand that could be marketed. A factor that can affect the popularity for the subject.

Literature was reviewed to determine the importance of a public relations program in the public school system. Information was retrieved from various published sources, including materials from the National School Public Relations Association, professional journals, books relating to public relations and a variety of other educational reports. An analysis of the literature reveals the following components of a successful public relations program: A plan of action benefits the public relations program. Staff participants benefit the public relations program. Parent involvement is an important aspect of the public relations program. Community involvement is essential to a successful public relations program

The problem of this study was whether differences exist between opinions news media members have toward higher education and the prediction of those opinions by college and university public relations directors. The purposes were to determine if such differences exist and to assess certain demographic factors' roles in journalists' opinions.

This investigation sought to describe the organization, function, and scope of the internal public affairs program of Carswell Air Force Base, Texas. Data came from in-depth interviews, office files, and military publications. The Carswell Air Force Base internal public affairs program appeared to be without direction and reactive in nature. Personnel had little or no formal journalism or public relations training and demonstrated only a vague awareness of the relationships between publics, tools, and activities. Still, the job seemed to get done, although perhaps not as well or as efficiently as possible. This raises the question: Where does formal journalism or public relations training fit into the running of a public affairs/relations office?