Ausgehend von der Annahme, dass die Ostseeregion primär eine von Städten und urbanen Zentren geprägte Region ist, untersucht diese Studie die Entstehung und Entwicklung grenzüberschreitender Zusammenarbeit von Großstradtregionen im Ostseeraum. Auf der Grundlage poststrukturalistischer Forschungsansätze ergänzt durch Governancetheorien wird ein umfassendes theoretisches Instrumentarium erarbeitet, mit dem drei Fälle grenzüberschreitender Zusammenarbeit von Großstadtregionen aus der Ostseeregion untersucht werden. Die konzeptionelle Grundidee besteht hierbei darin, Vergleichbarkeit nicht durch die Anwendung vorher festgelegter Kriterien, sondern durch die Formulierung und Anwendung eines gleichbleibenden Katalogs offener Forschungsfragen herzustellen. Zunächst werden für diese Arbeit drei Einzelfallstudien zur Öresundregion, Göteborg-Oslo Region und der Euregio Helsinki-Tallinn erstellt. Dann werden in einer vergleichenden Gegenüberstellung Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede erarbeitet und auf dieser Grundlage Faktoren, welche die Entstehung und Entwicklung grenzüberschreitender Zusammenarbeit begünstigen, abgeleitet. Darüber hinaus rückt das Ergebnis der Analyse drei weitere Aspekte für die Entwicklung grenzüberschreitende Zusammenarbeit in den Mittelpunkt, die in angewendeten theoretischen Ansätzen bisher unberücksichtigt geblieben sind, die aber erheblichen Einfluss auf die Entwicklung der einzelnen Region haben: geographische Lage, Timing und Marginalisierung. / Based on the assumption that the Baltic Sea Region is primarily composed of cities and urban areas, this study explores the evolution and development of the cross-border cooperation of large urban areas in the Baltic Sea Region. Using post-structuralist theoretical approaches supplemented with governance theory, the study develops a comprehensive theoretical tool for the analysis of three cases of cross-border cooperation of urban areas in the Balitc Sea Region. The conceptual idea was to safeguard comparability through the application of a common set of open research questions, rather than to apply a set of pre-given criteria. First, this piece of research provides the three single case studies of the Oresund Region, the Gothenburg-Oslo Region and the Euregio Helsinki-Tallinn. Then a comparative analysis elaborates on the commonalities and differences and derives supporting factors for cross-border cooperation based on that background. Finally, the comparative analysis also points to three additional relevant aspects for the development of cross-border cooperation that have not been included into the theoretical approaches but which had remarkable influence on the development of the single cases: geographical localisation, timing and marginalisation.

Diploma thesis analyses current state of the European Union's Regional policy in an environment of the Zlín Region. The attthesisention is aimed at current programming period 2007-2013, motives of development, defined objectives, operating principles and system of regional policy implementation in Czech Republic including the future settings of EU Structural Funds Subsidies Exploiting System. For the futher purposes of the thesis the attention is focused on the success of the Regional Operational Programmes, that serve as a basis for the second part of the thesis. Then the analysis of the Regional Operational Programme of the Central Moravia Cohesion Region and socioeconomic analysis of the Zlín Region follow. The practical part of thesis consists of analysis of the Structural Funds through the ROP Central Moravia in the Zlín Region, specifically in the microregion Uherský Brod. The output of the diploma thesis is to document the specific contribution to regional development using selected microregion

La banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) a été créée par le traité instituant la Communauté économique européenne (CEE), le 25 mars 1957, afin de contribuer au développement équilibré et sans heurt du marché commun. Ses interventions répondent à trois missions principales : contribuer à la mise en valeur des régions les moins développées de la Communauté, aider à la modernisation, à la conversion d’entreprises et à la création d’activités nouvelles, et enfin favoriser des projets qui présentent un intérêt commun aux États membres. L’exemple français montre comment son action s’inscrit dans l’ensemble des efforts destinés à l’intégration des économies européennes, pour la période s’étendant des débats relatifs à sa création, dans les années 1950, au début des années 1980 qui marque l’entrée de la Grèce dans le marché commun. L’analyse du cas de la France contribue a éclairer sur de nombreux points les conceptions et la politique européennes de la France durant cette période. / European investment bank (EIB) was created by EEC treaty, march 25th 1957, in order to contribute to the balanced and steady development of the common market in the interest of the Community. Its loans target tree main goals : financing projects for developing less-developed regions; projects for modernising or converting undertakings or for developing fresh activities; projects of common interest to several member States.French example shows how it action take place in all the efforts made for integrate european economy, for ranging from debats regarding it creation, in 1950’s, to the biginning of 1980’s when Greece became a member state of EEC. The analysis of french exemple contribute to show, on several aspects, on french conception and european policy, during this period.

This diploma thesis explores the issue of project activity which has become a new challenge for school directors in EU member states for the last few years. The projects not only contribute to the fulfillment of the tasks of the educational process, but also to the development of the school environment. The aim of this thesis is to compare the use of project possibilities within the research sample of directors of secondary schools in the Czech Republic and France. Theoretical background specifies the project and its cycle together with the strategy, tools and subsidy opportunities within the educational and regional policy of the European Union. The empirical part investigates the differences between the activity and success in the use of grant funds within the sample of directors of Czech and French schools and views on the form of international cooperation in the Comenius sub-program of lifelong learning.

This thesis outlines the development of EU regional policy, its main principles and instruments through which it provides the member states with financial help. A key financial tool of this thesis is European social fund whose sphere of action in current programming period 2007-2013 is examined in both Slovak and Czech republic. The practical part of this thesis is especially devoted to two operational programmes Employment and social inclusion and Human resources and Employment. The first practical chapter focuses on comparison of their priority axes, horizontal priorities and multi- objective focus. The goal of the second practical chapter is to analyze financial implementation of both mentioned operational programmes.

This diploma thesis deals with the regional financial management and its relation to the regional development. It can be separated into two parts. The first part of the thesis deals with the reform of public administration, at which the region was created as an autonomous unit. I define its competences, authorities, relation to regional policy, the structure and the trend of revenues and expenditures of regional budgets between 2001 nad 2009. The second part concentrates on the analysis of the position of the concrete region,Vysocina region, in the regional development. Vysocina region implements the regional policy through the Regional Development Plan of Vysocina region. The regional policy is financed by the resources of funds. These funds are not included in the regional badget. There are two funds -- the Vysocina Fund and the Fund of strategical reserves. The goal of the thesis is analysis of the regional financial management with relation to the regional policy of the region and to evaluate the way, how the regional policy is put into effect, and the methods of the regional policy financing.

Regional policy is one of the most important activities of the European Union. The fundaments of the regional policy can be found already in the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community from 1957, in whose preamble states commit themselves to reinforce the unity of their national economies and to ensure their harmonious development by reducing differences between individual regions. Above all, the regional policy attempts to equate differences among different developed regions through financial assistance, which they obtain both from national funds as well as supra-national funds. To key goals of the Regional policy belongs the reduction of differences in average incomes, unemployment, regional development and related satisfaction of public needs. On 1st February 1995, the Agreement on the accession of the Czech Republic to the European Union became valid, and this was a fundamental impulse for the development of regional policy in relation with the possible drawing of financial means from supra-national sources. For this purpose, there was established the Ministry of Regional Development, which became the central coordinator for the use of means from the European Union. In the framework of the new program period, its position was reinforced. Thus, since 2004, the Czech Republic began...

This work focuses on evaluation of possible impacts of structural and regional EU policy applied in the Czech Republic. Besides preliminary assessment of the use of economic, social and territorial cohesion policy in the Czech Republic, its aim is to put our national specific approach in the context of the whole European Union. It required not only a general appraisal of single priorities but also direct comparison with impacts of similar measures on the economies of the EU in the past. For this objective, an important part of the work consists in four case studies, analysing the application and impacts of the EU cohesion policy instruments in cohesion countries (Spain, Portugal, Greece, Ireland) since the first programming period 1989--1993 until the current period 2007--2013. With respect to the starting point of these economies and societies I would consider the convergence process to the EU relatively successful. Nevertheless, there are some important differences in the use and impact of the cohesion policy in these four member states. The results show that the impact of the Structural Funds in Spain has been quite sizeable in terms of its contribution to the economic growth and reduction of unemployment. Spain as a whole is approaching the EU average in most of the economic indicators. The convergence of the Portugal economy was markedly less substantial and the disparities increased on the regional level. The significant side effect of spending of Structural Funds in Greece consists mainly in the improvement of the institutional framework and strategic planning. The Irish example points to the importance of using the assistance rather for public goods than for supporting the private sector. The Czech Republic should take an example from this experience. Effects of the EU cohesion policy on the domestic economy could be very significant -- not only for a short-term but also for a long-term perspective. However, it is necessary to be aware of the fact that we are still talking about possible impacts, whose real successful fulfilment depends on individual participants -- whether on the strategic or the final beneficiaries levels.

Les écarts de développement au sein de la Communauté européenne légitimèrent l’intervention publique dans les territoires défavorisés. Dès la signature du traité de Rome, celle-ci eut pour objectif de réduire les déséquilibres socioéconomiques qui concernaient de nombreuses régions. Des moyens considérables furent déployés devant la persistance des problèmes régionaux. La politique régionale devint une prérogative européenne, qui influença progressivement la mise en oeuvre des politiques régionales nationales. La portée de cette européanisation varia toutefois selon les États. Au Royaume-Uni, même si les gouvernements successifs ont accordé, depuis les années 1930, une attention particulière à l’action régionale, celle-ci n’est plus apparue comme une priorité au début des années 1980. Mais la diminution des aides régionales fut compensée par l’intervention des fonds structurels européens. Les réformes successives de ces fonds modifièrent les rapports entre le centre et la périphérie au Royaume-Uni. L’européanisation de la politique régionale britannique s’intensifia à partir de la fin des années 1980. Les gouvernements successifs lancèrent des décentralisations dont l’objectif fut de rapprocher Whitehall des régions. Même si ces innovations institutionnelles ont amélioré le rôle des régions, la persistance du retard de développement a mis en question les pratiques de gouvernance. / Public intervention in problem regions has been legitimated by regional development differences at the heart of the European Community. Since the Treaty of Rome, it has aimed at the reduction of socioeconomic imbalances affecting a number of regions. Persistent economic difficulties in problem regions have pushed the Community to invest considerable resources. The European regional policy has had a significant impact in shaping the regional policies of the Member States since the reforms of the structural funds in the late 1980s. But the Europeanization process was different according to the institutional architecture of the Member States. Despite a long tradition of regional policy dating back to the beginning of the 1930s, Britain has progressively deprioritised regional policy since the early 1980s. The reduction in regional assistance was compensated by European structural funds. As a consequence, the structural fund reforms resulted in changes in the centre-periphery relationship in the United Kingdom. Europeanization took a much greater role in this member state from the end of the 1980s onwards. Waves of decentralization were promoted by successive governments with the aim of bringing the regions closer to Whitehall. This led to the emergence of a new mode of governance. These innovations promoted a greater regional participation. But a persistent economic divide questions the success of “democratic renewal”.

Disertacijos pagrindinis tikslas – išanalizavus valstybės pagalbos neprieštaraujančios bendrajai rinkai reguliuojančias Bendrijos ir nacionalines teisės normas, taip pat nustatant šių normų aiškinimo ir praktinio taikymo neatitikimus bei atskleidžiant ir įvertinant jų aiškinimo ir taikymo problemas, pateikti siūlymus ir rekomendacijas dėl šio reguliavimo tobulinimo, taip pat palankių prielaidų sudarymo esamos praktikos korekcijai. Tyrimo objektas – Europos Sąjungos Europos Bendrijos ir nacionalinės teisės normos, reguliuojančios Europos Sąjungos paramai taikytiną teisę, o dalykas – Bendrijos valstybės pagalbos neprieštaraujančios bendrajai rinkai, kuri tradiciškai patenka į Bendrijos konkurencijos teisės sistemą, regioninės paramos reguliavimo sistema, reguliavimo pagrindai ir jų sąveika su Lietuvos Respublikos teisine sistema. Į šio tyrimo objektą patenka tik konceptualūs ir probleminiai paramos teisinio reguliavimo Bendrijos sistemoje ir šią sistemą sudarančių teisės normų aiškinimo ir praktinio taikymo aspektai. Disertacijoje naudojamas sisteminės analizės metodas leido nagrinėti Europos Sąjungos struktūrinių fondų teisinio reguliavimo sistemą, kaip Bendrijos teisės sistemos sudėtinę dalį; indukcinis – dedukcinis metodas taikytas naudojant atskirus šio sistemos tyrimų duomenis, formuojant ir pateikiant apibendrinimus; lyginamasis metodas taikytas analizuojant įvairių Vidurio ir Rytų šalių teisinio reguliavimo bazę; naudojant istorinį lyginamąjį metodą atskleista Sanglaudos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The object of the dissertation research is the European Community and national rules of law, which regulate the law applied to the support of the European Union, the support provided by the state consistent with the single market is the sub-institute of the Community competition law, which is comprised of both of the rules of law, regulating the changes in the market structure, and the rules of law, regulating the influence of the support of the European Union to the united market. The main task and the aim of the research is to provide the proposals and recommendations for the improvement of the regulation by performing the complex analysis of the state support not inconsistent with the Community and national rules of law regulating the single market, also by establishing discrepancies in interpreting and practical application of these rules of law and by disclosing and assessing their interpretation and application problems, and also for the creation of beneficial assumptions for the correction of the current practice. The subject matter of the dissertation includes the regional support regulation system of the Community state aid not inconsistent with the single market, which is traditionally included in the system of the Community competition law, and also the common fundamentals of the European Union regional support regulation and their interaction with the legal system of the Republic of Lithuania. The relevancy of the work and the tasks established herein determined... [to full text]