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多元社會中的宗教對話:以台灣兩個宗教對話個案為例陳立信, Chin, Lap Shun Unknown Date (has links)
本研究探討基督宗教處理對正因為宗教的因素構成全球範圍內衝突的重要根源之一,本研究的核心問題是,基督宗教在強調宗教平等與多元化的社會中,處理與其他宗教的關係的理論依據是什麼?有什麼宗教對話的理論可以作為宗教對話的指導?宗教對話所面對現實情況是什麼?基督宗教如何與其他宗教進行對話?兩個台灣曾經進行過的宗教對話的案例的分析意義。
首先介紹基督宗教處理對其他宗教傳統的三種理論,宗教排外主義、宗教包容主義和宗教多元主義。希望從中了解其他的宗教傳統,對於基督宗教而言的意義是什麼。在強調多元性的社會中,基督宗教傳統的獨特性應如何理解處理。然後,我們將檢視這三種理論,會如何影響宗教對話的進行。並且深入介紹一些宗教對話的理論模式與觀點,其中會介紹的有司威德樂的宗教對話理論和原則和潘尼卡(Panikkar)的宗教對話理論和原則。希望從中了解宗教對話應如何進行。
最後將會進行兩個個案分析。第一個個案是在一九五零年代到六零年代的論辯。選擇這個宗教對話的個案原因在於參與者屬於傳統佛教與正統基督教的對話。由於這一次的對話在戰後的一個非常獨特的歷史脈絡下進行,基督教此時的傳教活動非常積極主動,有時甚至到挑釁的程度,而佛教相對下處於一個比較弱勢的地位。佛教在迫於情勢之下與基督教進行一連串的論辯對話。對話的激烈程度,亦是比較罕見的。
第二個個案是中華信義神學院與現代禪的宗教對話,時間上相隔超過四十年,現代禪是一個佛教新興宗派,創辦人李元松在一九八零年代末期,由於不滿傳統佛教的義理、修行方式、及種種亂像,所以對傳統佛教進行過一段時候的批判。到後來成立了由一在家居士所組成的修行教團現代禪。由被傳統佛教視為付佛外道,到慢慢被一些佛教內人士承認。這是一個很獨特的個案,由一個佛教新興宗派與基督教進行對話是非常少見,並且有時代的意義。而且雙方進行的氣氛,跟第一個個案相比有很大的差別。
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One Family - Many Religions : Religious Dialogue within Multi-Religious Families and Faith-Based Organizations / Yksi Perhe - Monta Uskontoa : Uskontodialogi Moniuskontoisissa Perheissä ja Uskonnollisissa YhdyskunnissaKemppi, Marianna January 2017 (has links)
The objective of this Master’s research project was to examine religious dialogue from the point of view of multi-religious families and different faith-based organizations. This research attempted to raise awareness of the multiple benefits of religious dialogue society-wise, of the general diversity of faith-based systems and of the role that multi-religious families play. Furthermore, it was studied how different faith-based organizations and other societal factors relate to multi-religious families, and how these relationships could be improved. This is a qualitative research, to which a few quantitative elements were included. These elements were implemented in the two online surveys that were used for the collection of data, as well as during the data handling process. In addition to a comprehensive analysis on religious dialogue, this research considered the concepts of faith and ethnomethodology. These three underlying theories did not only support the research findings, but were actively used as the basis for the development of the surveys and their analysis. Although this research was based on a Finnish context, it can easily be generalized to any given society because of its impartial and universal basis. The surveys were designed together with a Finnish NGO called Familia ry, and the findings of this research will be used to help them develop their future work.
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Religijų dialogas ir tolerancijos ugdymas / Inter-religious dialogue and raising of toleranceSereičikas, Gražvydas 24 September 2008 (has links)
Darbe analizuotas religijų dialogas ir jo plėtotei būtina sąlyga - tolerancijos buvimas. Globalėjančiame pasaulyje tolerancijos ugdymas padeda įgyvendinti teisingumą, taikų įvairių religijų sugyvenimą. Šiandieninė religijų dialogo situacija Lietuvoje atskleidžiama, analizuojant Bažnyčios Susirinkimų dokumentus, Lietuvos Respublikos įstatymus, vyriausybės nutarimus, Švietimo ir mokslo ministerijos patvirtintas bendrojo lavinimo mokyklų programas. Apžvelgiamas Lietuvos religinių bendruomenių indėlis į tarpusavio toleranciją, kuri vykdoma ekumeninio judėjimo pagrindu.Aptartos teorinės ir praktinės konfesijų dialogo suderinamumo kliūtys, ištirta moksleivių nuostata tarpreliginio dialogo ir tolerancijos klausimu. Atkreiptas dėmesys į visuomenės religinio bei etinio švietimo būtinumą ir galimybes vertybių pervertinimo situacijoje. / A dialogue and the necessary condition for its development – the presence of tolerance were analyzed in this work. In today’s world of globalization the raising of tolerance is helpful in implementing justice and peaceful living in concord among the religions. The present situation of the dialogue between religions in Lithuania is revealed by analyzing the documentation of Church Assemblies, the laws of the Lithuanian Republic, the governmental legal acts, the secondary school curriculums confirmed by the Ministry of Education and Science. The work is also reviewing the input of the Lithuanian religious communities into common tolerance, which is performed on the basis of ecumenical movement. The theoretical and practical compatibility obstacles of the confessions’ dialogue are discussed as well as pupils’ attitude towards the issue of inter-religious dialogue and tolerance is investigated. The attention is paid on the necessity of religious and ethic education in the society and the possibilities of the reassessment of values in this situation.
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O diálogo intra-religioso na umbanda: um estudo a partir da figura do cabocloNogueira, Pedro Antonio Pires 26 August 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-08-26 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar se e como acontece o diálogo intrareligioso
na Umbanda, utilizando como elemento norteador a entidade conhecida como
Caboclo e todos os símbolos e ritualística pertinentes que envolvem sua ação junto aos seus
adeptos e seguidores. Para tanto, esta pesquisa foi dividida em duas partes complementares. A
primeira parte voltada para os aspectos bibliográficos e a segunda, composta de pesquisa de
campo, onde foram levadas a termo observações e participações em diversos rituais de
Umbanda em terreiros localizados na região central e em bairros do município de Petrópolis-
RJ, chegando até seu 1º Distrito, além de entrevistas com dirigentes espirituais, adeptos e
frequentadores destas casas. Ao final desta pesquisa, foram levantadas evidências que
confirmam a existência deste diálogo entre os templos umbandistas de Petrópolis-RJ, quer
seja formal ou informal, havendo trocas expressivas de conhecimento e reconhecimento
identitário e de tradições entre estes através de seus membros, seus símbolos, suas cantigas,
enfim, uma profunda interação dialogal, verdadeiro diálogo intra-religioso. / This research aimed to identify if and how the intra-religious dialogue in Umbanda
happens, using as guiding element the entity known as Caboclo and all relevant symbols and
ritual involving his action with their fans and followers. To this finality, this research was
divided into two complementary parts. The first part focused on bibliographic aspects and the
second, consisting of field research, which observations and participations were realized in
various rituals of Umbanda in temples located in central parts of the city of Petrópolis-RJ and
its Neighborhoods, reaching its 1st District, besides interviews with spiritual leaders,
supporters and regulars of these houses. At the end of this research, evidences confirming the
existence of dialogue between the Umbanda temples from Petrópolis-RJ were raised, whether
formal or informal, with significant exchanges of knowledge and identity recognition and
traditions between these through its members, symbols, sacred songs, ultimately, dialogic
interaction, true and deep intra-religious dialogue.
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The Sultanate of Oman as a Venue for Inter-faith Dialogue and Intercultural Immersion : A Case-Study on Christian Semester Abroad Students living in a Muslim ContextUusisilta, Matias January 2019 (has links)
This paper is a case-study on a group of American students, who spent a four- month period in Oman on a semester abroad program hosted by Al Amana Cen- tre. This paper examines the changes that have occurred in the students concep- tual thinking, their attitudes towards Muslims, Arabs and Islam and their personal theology, and identifies causes of those changes. In the first section, I will introduce the interfaith work that Al Amana Centre does, and lay a summary of the history and theory of Christian-Muslim dialogue. I will also explain the concept of Theology of Religion, which is central in examining the students’ own theological views. I will also introduce transformative learning theory that I use as a theoretical framework in this study In the last section of this paper, I analyze the research material which includes program curriculum, student interviews, student essays and students’ answers to questionnaires and surveys. From this material, I have identified repeating ideas and patterns and compared them to the framework offered by transformational learning theory. This paper seeks to answer to the question: what kind of effects does the Al Amana semester abroad program, infused with cultural immersion, have on the students in this particular case study. In the conclusion part of this paper, I con- clude that the semester abroad program facilitates opportunities for deep reflec- tion and extrarational experiences that work as a catalyst for transformation. It is hoped that this study can offer guidelines for other programs that aim at transforming attitudes and believes, and that work with cultural immersion and interfaith dialogue. It should be noted though, that the conclusions and outcomes of this study are tied to the specific context and people who attended the semes- ter abroad program, and should not be taken as universal or context-free.
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[pt] MONGES EM DIÁLOGO A CAMINHO DO ABSOLUTO: ESTUDO PSICOSSOCIAL DO DIÁLOGO INTER-RELIGIOSO MONÁSTICO / [en] MONK S DIALOGUE IN THE WAY TO ABSOLUTE: SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY OF INTER-RELIGIOUS MONASTIC DIALOGUEOLGA REGINA FRUGOLI SODRÉ 02 December 2005 (has links)
[pt] A presente tese investiga uma forma nova de diálogo entre
monges, o
diálogo de experiência, focalizando o processo
psicossocial de identidadealteridade
religiosa. A pesquisa baseou-se em documentos e testemunho
do
Diálogo Inter-religioso Monástico (DIM), órgão ligado ao
Conselho Pontifício
para o Diálogo Inter-religioso (CPDI) do Vaticano, que
reúne monges de
mosteiros católicos do mundo inteiro, participando de
comissões de diálogo com
monges de outras tradições religiosas. Embora recente este
tipo de diálogo indica
uma tendência inovadora na relação entre as religiões
ocidentais e orientais; e é
fruto não apenas do esforço pessoal de alguns pioneiros,
mas também das
transformações religiosas e sociais que se aceleraram na
atual etapa de
mundialização. Assim sendo, após apresentar os fundamentos
do monaquismo,
tendo salientando as diferenças entre suas principais
tendências e a referência a
uma base comum, situo o desenvolvimento deste tipo de
diálogo na perspectiva da
história monástica cristã, do atual contexto de pluralismo
religioso e de elaboração
católica sobre o tema. A importância deste tipo de diálogo
para o campo de estudo
da religião reside em sua ênfase na experiência, em sua
associação entre diálogo e
contemplação (ou meditação), e no compartilhamento de
práticas monásticas por
membros de diferentes tradições religiosas. Ao mesmo
tempo, como as
experiências relatadas pelos monges estão enraizadas em
uma vida religiosa tanto
pessoal como comunitária e foram orientadas para o
testemunho, elas permitiram
um enfoque das representações históricas que relaciona
estas representações às
práticas religiosas, às experiências espirituais, e às
histórias de vida dos monges e
comunidades monásticas. A convergência da reflexão vinda
de vários campos do
conhecimento em direção à experiência transformou esta
última em um ponto
nodal de referência, em torno do qual foi possível
integrar estes campos e
estabelecer uma articulação com o testemunho, a narração e
o processo
psicossocial. Baseada na fenomenologia hermenêutica de
Ricoeur e na concepção
da consciência religiosa de Nabert, e tendo colocado em
evidência a contribuição
da psicologia social para esclarecer a dinâmica de
identidade-alteridade entre o
ego e o alter, a tese analisa o sentido, a formação e a
consolidação de uma nova
dinâmica desenvolvida no contexto do diálogo
intermonástico, estudando-a do
ponto de vista da comunidade monástica católica e de sua
experiência viva e
histórica de diálogo e contemplação. Esta rompe com a
visão de subjetividades
separadas e com a negação e exclusão da alteridade
religiosa, chegando a uma
perspectiva de unidade na pluralidade e a um novo tipo de
identidade e
espiritualidade dialogal. Tendo verificado a importância
central desta dinâmica e
seu sentido religioso para o desenvolvimento do diálogo
entre contemplativos, a
tese destaca não apenas a dimensão psicossocial desta
dinâmica, mas seu
enraizamento no mais profundo centro do ser, sublinhando a
relação estabelecida
pelos monges católicos entre o diálogo inter-religioso e
seu diálogo com Deus. A concepção cristã da alteridade de
Deus e do próximo foi determinante para a
formulação e prática dialogal de reconhecimento mútuo e
para as experiências
monásticas de paz e harmonia entre os monges de diferentes
religiões. É possível,
portanto, distinguir a dinâmica de reconhecimento mútuo da
dinâmica de autoafirmação
e recusa do outro, relacionada à experiência de negação da
diferença,
de guerra e eliminação da alteridade. A dinâmica de
reconhecimento mútuo é
favorecida pela ruptura social da vida monástica, pelas
práticas contemplativas e
pelo profundo processo de reformulação da identidade-
alteridade pela qual
passam os monges em sua caminhada para o Absoluto.
Atualmente, o
reconhecimento da identidade cristã e da alteridade religiosa está sendo
considerado por estes monges como central para seu diálogo inter-religioso e está
lhes permitindo rever sua relação com a própria identidade, ultrapassando, ao
mesmo tempo, as representações históricas negativas sobre as outras religiões e
promovendo a abertura para outros seres, culturas e religiões. Estes monges
consideram que sua tradição monástica católica está sendo renovada pela
esperança espiritual e pela pesquisa de outras tradições e que o diálogo os está
ajudando a aprofundar sua própria identidade cristã. A tese descreve suas
profundas transformações pessoais e comunitárias, as resistências e avanços,
assim como as mudanças nas representações históricas dos monges católicos em
relação com a experiência da alteridade e do aprofundamento da identidade cristã,
que provocaram uma revisão crítica da postura católica sobre as outras religiões.
A análise de todas estas mudanças em relação com o contexto da Babel
contemporânea pôs em relevo a contribuição monástica para uma nova
perspectiva dialogal sobre a unidade na diversidade de linguagens e seres,
permitindo distinguir a visão de pluralidade no reconhecimento da identidadealteridade
de outras perspectivas de unidade e pluralidade baseadas apenas na
identidade. / [en] The present thesis investigates a new form of dialogue
among monks, the
dialogue of experience, bringing into focus the
psychosocial process of religious
identity-alterity. The research is based on documents and
testimonies of the
Monastic Inter-religious Dialogue (MID), organism attached
to the Vatican s
Pontifical Council for Inter-religious Dialogue (PCID),
that gathers monks from
Catholic s monasteries of all the world participating at
dialogue s commissions
with monks of others religious traditions. Although
recent, this type of dialogue
indicates a renewable tendency in the occidental and
oriental religions
relationship; and it is fruit not only of the personal
efforts of some pioneers, but
also of religious and social transformations, that are
accelerating in the actual
world-wideness stage. Then, after presenting the
monachism s foundations,
having presented the differences among their main
tendencies and the references
to a common base, I situate the dialogue s development in
the perspective of
Christian monastic history, of the current context of
religious pluralism and of
Catholic s elaboration about this subject. The importance
of this type of dialogue
to the religious study s field lies in its experience s
emphasis, in its association
between dialogue and contemplation (or meditation) and in
the sharing of
monastic practices by the different religious traditions
members. At the same
time, as the monk s experience accounts are rooted in
their personal and
communitarian religious life and are orientated to
testimony, they allowed an
approach of historical representations that relates these
representations to religious
practices, to spiritual experiences and to life s
histories of monks and monastic
communities. The convergence of reflections coming from
various fields toward
experience has transform this one in a central point of
reference around which it
was possible to integrate these fields and establish the
articulation of experience to
testimony, narration and psychosocial process. Based on
Ricoeur s hermeneutical
phenomenology and on Nabert`s conception of religious
consciousness, and
having put in evidence the social psychology s
contribution to clarify identityalterity s
dynamic between the ego and the alter, this thesis
analysis the sense, the
formation and the consolidation of a new dynamic developed
in the inter-monastic
dialogue s context, studying it from the point of view of
the catholic s monastic
community and of their living and historical dialogue and
contemplation s
experience. This one breaks off with the separated
subjectivities vision and with
the negation and exclusion s of religious alterity,
arriving to a unity in plurality s
inter-subjectivity perspective and to a new type of
catholic dialogical identity and
spirituality. Having verified the central importance of
this dynamic and its
religious sense to the dialogue s development among
contemplatives, the thesis
stands out not only this dynamic s psychosocial dimension,
but also its rooting in
the deepest center of being, underlying relation
established by catholic monks between the inter-religious
dialogue and their dialogue with God. The Christian
conception of God and fellow s alterity has been
determinant to the dialogical
mutual recognition and to the peace and harmony s monastic
experiences among
monks from different religions. The study of this
conception and of its application
on inter-monastic dialogue conducts to the distinction
between this dialogical
dynamics from the one established in terms of auto-
affirmation and other s deny,
that is related to the differences negation, to war, and
to several kinds of
alterity s elimination. The mutual recognition was
favored for the monastic social
rupture, for the contemplative practices and for the
profound process of identityalterity s
reformulation the monks go through in their path toward
the Absolute.
Nowadays, the recognition of Christian identity and religious alterity is being
considered by these monks as central to their inter-religious dialogue, and is
allowing them to revise their own identity going, at the same time, beyond
negative historical representations about other religions and promoting an opening
to other beings, cultures and religions. These monks consider that their catholic
monastic tradition has been renewed by the spiritual hope and research of other
traditions, and that dialogue is helping them to go deeper in their own Christian
identity. The thesis describes their profound personal and communitarian
transformations, the resistances and progress, as well as the changes in historical
representations and spiritual experiences, provoking a great reformulation of
catholic posture about others religions. The analyses of all this changes in relation
with the contemporary Babel context put in relief the monastic contribution to a
new dialogical perspective about unity in diversity of languages and beings,
allowing distinguishing the vision of plurality in the recognition of identityalterity
from others perspectives of unity and plurality based only on identity.
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Religionsdialog : Kommunikativ etik som resurs i mötet mellan kristna och muslimer i SverigeBergsten, Åsa January 2017 (has links)
Den här studien presenterar, tolkar och analyserar Seyla Benhabibs kommunikativa etik samt undersöker vilka implikationer denna får för religionsdialog som praktisk diskurs. Med utgångspunkt från den kommunikativa etikens båda grundläggande principer om universell moralisk respekt och egalitär ömsesidighet samt idén om det radikalt situerade moraliska subjektet arbetar författaren fram ett förslag på normativa utgångspunkter för religionsdialog mellan kristna och muslimer i Sverige. Aspekter av genus och makt kommenteras särskilt. Studien visar på hur den kommunikativa etiken ställer långtgående krav på dialogens förutsättningar, förberedelser likväl som på dess deltagare. Samtidigt framträder en etik som inte väjer för kontroversiella frågor och obehagliga samtal. I studien framhålls dialogens upprätthållande och kontinuitet som det överordnade målet. / This study presents, interprets and analyzes Seyla Benhabib's discourse ethics, and investigates its implications for religious dialogue as practical discourse. On the basis of the fundamental principles of universal moral respect and egalitarian reciprocity, as well as the idea of the situated moral self, the author proposes ten normative starting points for inter-religious dialogue between Christians and Muslims in Sweden. Aspects of gender and power are commented in particular. The study shows how discourse ethics impose far-reaching demands on the conditions of the dialogue, on the preparation of it as well as on its participants. The continuity of dialogue is emphasized as the overall goal.
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[en] THE CHRISTIAN MYSTICAL AND INTERRELIGIOUS DIALOGUE IN THOMAS MERTON AND RAIMON PANIKKAR: FOR A CHRISTIAN MATURITY AND AN INTERRELIGIOUS MYSTICAL / [pt] A MÍSTICA CRISTÃ E O DIÁLOGO INTER-RELIGIOSO EM THOMAS MERTON E EM RAIMON PANIKKAR: PARA UMA MATURIDADE CRISTÃ E UMA MÍSTICA INTER-RELIGIOSAFRANCILAIDE DE QUEIROZ RONSI 01 August 2016 (has links)
[pt] O reconhecimento da realidade religiosa, ricamente plural em que nos encontramos, nos convida a buscar formas para que seja possibilitado o convívio harmonioso em nossa sociedade. Para o Cristianismo, em especial, lhe é proporcionado a busca por uma intensa experiência nas mais profundas raízes de sua origem religiosa e a compreensão do significado dessa pluralidade religiosa no projeto salvífico de Deus e sua relação com o mistério de Jesus Cristo. Por isso, acreditamos que, para o diálogo fecundo e acolhedor com as demais religiões, é de extrema importância a contribuição de um caminho espiritual enraizado na experiência de união com Deus, como possibilidade para que não se viva uma religiosidade muito epidérmica, recuperando a dimensão da experiência íntima do mistério de Deus e da experiência da unidade com ela. As experiências vividas por Thomas Merton e Raimon Panikkar, radicadas no cristianismo, de profunda intimidade com Deus, nos apresentam um caminho para um diálogo inter-religioso realizado a partir de uma madura experiência religiosa. A experiência de Thomas Merton é profundamente inseparável do amor a Deus e à humanidade, em um seguimento aos ensinamentos de Jesus Cristo na dedicação ao seu ministério de sacerdote, monge e eremita, ricamente fortalecida pelo amor aos humanos. Em Raimon Panikkar, encontramos uma pessoa marcada por quatro identidades religiosas, sem que lhe fosse negada sua primeira origem, o cristianismo, caracterizada por uma profunda experiência de encontro com Deus. Para Raimon Panikkar este é o kairós do milênio que recém se abriu para todas as religiões e continuar com pequenas reformas não tem sentido. É necessária uma grande transformação, porém profunda, uma metanóia! Segundo Thomas Merton e Raimon Panikkar o diálogo entre as experiências religiosas não se resume a uma conversão vazia, mas que os interlocutores tenham de fato, penetrado com a máxima seriedade em sua própria tradição, assumindo a dimensão espiritual como o nível mais fecundo para a abertura e compreensão no diálogo inter-religioso. A
partir destas experiências, sugerimos que o diálogo inter-religioso ultrapasse as fronteiras que separam as religiões em uma sincera e fecunda acolhida das mais diversas tradições, a partir de uma madura experiência religiosa. Através das contribuições de Juan Martin Velasco e de Andrés Torres Queiruga, confirma-se a importância que têm a dimensão espiritual e a experiência interior que possuem todas as religiões diante da autêntica necessidade do diálogo inter-religioso. Em todas as religiões existe a experiência mística unicamente graças ao convite de Deus, que deseja tornar-se conhecido e, acolhendo esta Presença, o ser humano tem a possibilidade de atingir sua autêntica realização. Sem fazer oposição à singularidade cristã na interpretação positiva das outras religiões e do pluralismo religioso, acreditamos que a maturidade da experiência religiosa do cristão contribui para aproximá-lo da realidade de ser imagem de Deus, que se dá na experiência mais profunda do ser religioso a partir de uma íntima relação com Deus. / [en] The recognition of religious reality, richly plural, invites us to seek ways to make possible the harmonious coexistence in our society. For Christianity, in particular, it is provided to search for an intense experience in the deepest roots of their religious background and understanding of the significance of religious plurality in the salvific plan of God and their relationship with the mystery of Jesus Christ. Therefore, we believe that for the fruitful and friendly dialogue with other religions, it is extremely important the contribution of a spiritual path rooted in the bonding experience with God, as a possibility for not living a very epidermic religiosity, recovering the dimension of an intimate experience of God s mystery and the unit experience with it. The experiences of Thomas Merton and Raimon Panikkar, rooted in Christianity, of deeper intimacy with God, show us the way to interreligious dialogue held from a mature religious experience. Thomas Merton s experience is deeply inseparable from the love for God and humanity, followed up to Jesus Christ s teachings in the dedication to his ministry as a priest, monk and hermit, richly strengthened by the love for human. In Raimon Panikkar, we find a person marked by four religious identities, without deny his first origin, Christianity, characterized by a deep experience of encountering God. For Raimon Panikkar this is the kairós of the millennium that has just opened to all religions and continue with small reforms is meaningless. It is required a great transformation, but a deep one, a metanoia! According to Thomas Merton and Raimon Panikkar the dialogue between religious experiences is not limited to an empty conversion, but the interlocutors have indeed penetrated with the utmost seriousness in your own tradition, assuming the spiritual dimension as the most fruitful level for an opening and understanding in the interreligious dialogue. Based on these experiences, we suggest that interreligious dialogue beyond the boundaries that separate religions in a sincere and fruitful reception of the most diverse traditions, from a mature religious experience. Through the contributions of Juan Martin Velasco and Andres Torres Queiruga,
confirms the importance of the spiritual dimension and the inner experience that all religions have for the authentic necessity interreligious dialogue. In all religions there is a mystical experience exclusively thanks to God s call, who wants to become known and, by welcoming the Presence, the human being is able to reach an authentic realization. Without making opposition to Christian uniqueness in positive interpretation of other religions and religious pluralism, we believe that the maturity of the religious experience of the Christian contributes to alignment with the reality of being in God s image, which gives the deepest experience of being religious from an intimate relationship with God.
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Le rapport des maîtres soufis aux « peuples du Livre » et à leurs doctrines / The attitude of Sufi masters toward the "People of the Book" and their doctrinesErrera, Alfred 17 December 2013 (has links)
Si l'étude du regard de l'islam sur les autres religions fait l'objet d'un intérêt croissant, peu d'attention a été accordée au rapport des maîtres soufis tant au christianisme et au judaïsme qu'aux chrétiens et aux juifs. La première partie de cette étude présente une analyse de ce sujet tel qu'il a été perçu par les intellectuels occidentaux qui se sont convertis à l'islam ou qui ont consacré au soufisme des années de recherche. Dans sa deuxième partie, elle analyse les positions des maîtres soufis selon cinq aspects : leur rapport aux Écritures et doctrines des chrétiens et des juifs, leur regard sur leurs rites et coutumes, la conception de leur Salut, leur relation aux chrétiens et aux juifs en tant que personnes, et enfin leur conception du jihâd guerrier contre les pays chrétiens, ainsi que le lien que font ces maîtres entre le jihâd majeur, celui de la lutte contre l'égo, et le jihâd mineur, belliqueux. L'étude dégage la tolérance digne de la plus haute admiration de certains maîtres soufis, mais dévoile aussi des positions rigoristes, irrespectueuses des doctrines et coutumes chrétiennes et juives, et exigeant l'application stricte des règles de la dhimma. Si les maîtres soufis ont mis l'accent sur le jihâd majeur, ils ont souvent témoigné d'un soutien inconditionnel au jihâd guerrier, le percevant comme une forme extrême de sainteté, garantissant le Bonheur dans ce monde ci et dans celui à venir. La modération des dirigeants musulmans contraste fréquemment avec leur extrémisme. / While research is devoted to the attitude of Sunni Islam toward other religions, little attention has been paid to the attitude of Sufi masters to Christianity and Judaism as well as to Christians and Jews. The first part of this study provides an analysis of this topic as perceived by western intellectuals who had converted to Islam or who had dedicated years of research to Sufism. In its second part, the attitude of Sufi masters is analyzed according to five perspectives: their position regarding the Christian and Jewish Scriptures and doctrines, their view of their rituals and customs, the understanding of their Salvation, their attitude toward Christian and Jews as human beings, and finally their position regarding jihâd warfare against Christian countries, and the link these masters made between the greater jihâd, the jihâd against one's desires, and the lesser jihâd, the warlike jihâd.This study shows tolerance worthy of the greatest admiration, but also reveals rigorous and disrespectful attitudes toward Christian and Jewish doctrines and customs, calling for the application of the dhimma harshest rules. While the Sufi masters have stressed the importance of the greater jihâd, they frequently gave unconditional support to the lesser jihâd, seeing it as a paroxysmal form of holiness, guaranteeing Happiness in this world and in the next one. The tolerance of Muslim leaders frequently contrasts with some Sufi masters' extremism.
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Educar para a paz: comportamentos pró-sociaisManuel Alfonso Díaz Muñoz 06 July 2011 (has links)
O tema central da tese é a educação para a paz na escola. É abordado a partir da bibliografia disponível e da investigação realizada durante o ano letivo de 2009 com 151 adolescentes de quatro escolas da rede pública e particular da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. A pergunta fundamental e motivadora da tese é: é possível educar para a paz na escola? Com o foco nesta questão central e a partir da hipótese inicial de que na medida em que educarmos comportamentos pró-sociais na escola, inibiremos os comportamentos violentos, foi realizada a pesquisa de campo com o objetivo geral de investigar os fatores que, numa proposta de educação para a paz, favorecem o desenvolvimento de comportamentos pró-sociais nos adolescentes e evitam comportamentos violentos no contexto escolar. Foram objetivos específicos da investigação realizada os seguintes: entender a educação para a paz como um compromisso fundamentado na experiência religiosa expressada nas diferentes tradições e como elemento central numa proposta de diálogo inter-religioso; estudar a adolescência como etapa privilegiada de intervenção psicopedagógica; analisar os efeitos da aplicação de um programa de intervenção psicopedagógica de educação para a paz na escola. A pesquisa combina métodos qualitativos e quantitativos ao usar o modelo experimental-estatístico, com um delineamento experimental multigrupo de medidas repetidas pré-teste/pós-teste, junto com o observacional-descritivo, privilegiando a observação participante. O primeiro capítulo é dedicado à fundamentação teológica da tese desde uma perspectiva pluralista e libertadora que privilegia o diálogo inter-religioso. O segundo capítulo é dedicado à fundamentação psicopedagógica da pesquisa e reflete sobre o binômio educação integral para a paz / comportamento pró-social. O terceiro capítulo descreve o percurso e a opção metodológica adotada na investigação. Finalmente o quarto analisa os dados coletados tomando como referência básica as quatro variáveis trabalhadas no programa de intervenção implementado com os adolescentes sujeitos da investigação e relacionadas todas elas com comportamentos pró-sociais: autoestima, expressão/compreensão de sentimentos, relações de cooperação e resolução de conflitos. A pesquisa constatou a efetiva diminuição dos comportamentos violentos dos adolescentes na sala de aula, especialmente nas escolas da rede pública participantes, junto com sinais de avanços na manifestação de comportamentos pró-sociais, mostrando que é possível e viável educar para a paz nas escolas através de programas de intervenção psicopedagógica específicos e de fácil implementação. / The central theme of theses is education for the peace at school. This theme is discussed based on the bibliography available and on investigation. The investigation was carried through the school year of 2009 with 151 adolescentes from four public schools in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte. The fundamental and motivating question of the thesis is: Is it possible to educate for peace at school?With the focus on this central issue and from the initial hypothesis that the extent to educate pro-social behavior at school, inhibit violent behavior. A field research was conducted with the aim to investigate the factors that, in a proposal of education for the peace, favors the development of pro-social behaviors in the adolescents and prevents violent behavior at school. Our research was motivated by the following points: understanding education for the peace as a religious experience based on the commitment expressed in the different traditions and as a central element in a proposal for inter-religious dialogue and to study the adolescent stage as prime psychopedagogical intervention, analyze the implementation of a psychopedagogical intervention program of education for the peace at school. The research combines qualitative and quantitative methods to use the experimental-statistical model, with a multigroup experimental design with repeated measures pre-test/post-test, along with observational and descriptive, focusing on participant observation. The first chapter is related to the theological foundation of the research from a pluralistic and liberating perspective that focuses interreligious dialogue. The second chapter refers to the psychopedagogical fundamentals of the research and reflects on the dual integral education for peace / pro-social behavior. The third chapter describes the course and the methodological approach used to carry out this research. The fourth chapter is based on the analysis and comments of collected data. For that purpose reference was made to the four parameters worked in the program of intervention implemented with adolescent subjects of the investigation and all of them related to prosocial behaviors: self-esteem, expression / comprehension of feelings, cooperation relations and conflict resolution.The research showed the effective reduction of violent behaviors of adolescents in the classroom, especially in public schools participating, along with signs of progress in the demonstration of prosocial behaviors, showing that it is possible and feasible to educate for the peace at schools through psychopedagogical intervention programs which are easily implemented.
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