671 pages / It is evident from a study of the history of these Indians, that the Warm Springs, together with other Oregon tribes, did not benefit greatly from the Government system of colonizing and reservations. It is true that they received the advantages of education and medical service furnished by the Government in accordance with treaty stipulations, and some protection from their enemies; but the value of these advantages may be questioned.

Cette thèse porte sur l'optimisation des performances des systèmes de transmission multimédias MIMO-OFDM prenant conjointement en compte les imperfections de l'amplificateur de puissance et les distorsions du canal. Les fluctuations d'amplitude des signaux OFDM, caractérisées par un PAPR élevé, rendent la transmission vulnérable à la non-linéarité de l'amplificateur de puissance. On propose dans un premier temps une méthode permettant d'améliorer les performances de la méthode Tone Reservation en termes de gain de réduction du PAPR et de rapidité de convergence, en associant les échantillons de l'Intervalle de Garde aux Sous-Porteuses Nulles. Les simulations en présence d'un amplificateur de puissance à effets mémoire et d'un canal radio basé sur un modèle de propagation réaliste montrent que la méthode proposée offre de bonnes performances tout en respectant les spécifications fréquentielles, dans le cadre du standard IEEE 802.11a. Dans un second temps, on propose d'étudier l'impact de la non-linéarité dans un système MIMO-OFDM précodé dédié à la transmission d'images JPWL, respectant la norme IEEE 802.11n. On montre que la non-linéarité affecte la robustesse de transmission contre les erreurs de transmission et dégrade considérablement la qualité visuelle des images reçues. Enfin, on propose une stratégie de précodage originale prenant conjointement en compte l'amplificateur de puissance, le canal de transmission et le contenu de l'image à transmettre. Cette stratégie alloue successivement la puissance sur les sous-canaux SISO issus de la décomposition du canal MIMO afin de maximiser la qualité visuelle des images reçues tout en réduisant la puissance totale d'émission. Les résultats de simulation montrent que cette nouvelle stratégie qui considère un amplificateur et un canal réalistes, permet de garantir la robustesse de transmission et d'améliorer la qualité visuelle des images reçues. / This thesis focuses on the optimization of multimedia transmissions in MIMO-OFDM systems by jointly taking into account the power amplifier non-linearity and the wireless channel distortions. The OFDM modulation generates a high peak fluctuation, measured by the PAPR, which is affected by the RF non-linearity such as the power amplifier, reducing the transmission quality. We first propose a new method to improve the Tone Reservation method performances in terms of PAPR reduction gain and convergence speed, by including the samples of the Guard Interval Signal in the optimization algorithm. Simulations results using a power amplifier model with memory effects and a radio channel based on a realistic propagation model show that the new method offers the better performances, while respecting the IEEE 802.11a spectrum mask. Secondly, we propose to study the impact of power amplifier nonlinearity on the transmission of scalable image contents over a precoded Closed-Loop MIMO-OFDM system. The simulations in a realistic context, under the standard IEEE 802.11n standard show that the RF non-linearity affects the robustness against transmission errors and highly degrades the visual quality of the received JPWL images. Finally, we propose a new precoding strategy which jointly takes into account the power amplifier, the radio channel and the image content to be transmitted. This strategy successively allocates power between the SISO sub-channels obtained from the MIMO channel decomposition in order to maximize the visual quality of the received images, while reducing the total output power. Simulations with a realistic power amplifier model, associated with a realistic channel model show that this new strategy ensures a robust transmission and improves the visual quality of the received images.

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This thesis deals with legal relations existing between real estate agencies and its clients. Main objective of thesis lies on analyzing of possible legal risks based on using agent services of real estate agencies. Such risks are not only described but thesis tries to find out its sources and practical impacts. Author works with large amount of particular examples of agreement which are actually used in practise.

Objetivos: Investigar o percentual de pessoas com fissura labiopalatina inseridas ou não no mercado de trabalho e identificar as dificuldades vivenciadas nesse processo. Método: Estudo descritivo em 519 indivíduos com idade entre 18 e 35 anos com fissura de lábio e/ou palato, das diferentes regiões do Brasil, em tratamento no Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo (HRAC/USP). O método baseou-se em abordagem quanti-qualitativa, utilizando como instrumento para a coleta de dados um formulário de entrevista com 30 questões divididas em domínios. O cálculo formal da amostra foi feito a partir de um universo de 9.109 indivíduos que se enquadravam nos critérios definidos para o presente trabalho, com uma margem de erro global de 4,2% e nível de confiança de 95%, chegando-se a uma amostra de 514 indivíduos a serem analisados que, ao final da pesquisa, totalizou 519 participantes. Os domínios levantados foram: perfil sócio-demográfico; situação profissional atual; experiências profissionais anteriores; conhecimento e acesso de direitos; dificuldades e facilidades para inserção social e mercado de trabalho. Resultados: Dados quantitativos aferidos a partir das respostas colhidas em cada um dos domínios do formulário de entrevista mostraram que um percentual significativo de indivíduos estudados não está sendo contemplado com a reserva de cotas no mercado de trabalho (89,4%) e nunca foi anteriormente (98,0%); tem o ensino médio completo (51,3%); pertence à classe social baixa superior (65,3%); não tem conhecimento e acesso às leis que beneficiam as pessoas com deficiência (56,1%); não usufrui de qualquer um destes benefícios legais (86,5%), nem usufruiu (90,8%); sente necessidade da aplicação das leis que assegurem a inserção no mercado de trabalho (67,4%); sentiu ou ainda sente constrangimento ou vergonha por apresentar fissura labiopalatina (87,3%) na escola (51,6%), em relação à fala e estética (49,8%) e pelo motivo de zombaria (65,5%). Ao final de cada entrevista, todos os participantes manifestaram-se favoráveis à aplicação das leis de reserva de cotas no mercado de trabalho destinadas às pessoas com deficiência, especialmente aos indivíduos com fissura labiopalatina, devido às dificuldades vivenciadas, especialmente ligadas às dificuldades de fala e aparência facial, que levam a discriminações e preconceitos. Conclusão: Com base nos achados do presente estudo conclui-se que indivíduos com fissura labiopalatina não estão sendo devidamente contemplados com a reserva de cotas no mercado de trabalho destinado às pessoas com deficiência, uma vez que dos 223 indivíduos que relataram trabalhar no mercado formal, apenas 37 conseguiram pelo sistema de cotas. Ficou também evidenciado que o HRAC/USP tem contribuído para ingresso no mercado de trabalho destes indivíduos, por meio de ações que visam conscientizar os setores públicos e privados de que a fissura labiopalatina também é uma deficiência, assim como as demais categorias que são contempladas pelas Leis nº 8.112/90 e nº 8.213/91. / Objective: To investigate the percentage of people with cleft lip and palate inserted or not in the job market and identify the difficulties experienced in this process. Methods: Descriptive study of 519 subjects aged 18 to 35 years with cleft lip and/or palate, from different regions of Brazil and treated at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP). The method comprised quantitative and qualitative approach, with data collection by an interview with 30 questions divided in different domains. Formal calculation of the sample was obtained from a universe of 9,109 individuals who met the inclusion criteria of this study, considering an overall error margin of 4.2% and a confidence level of 95%, which led to a total of 514 subjects, finally adding up to 519 individuals at study completion. The following domains were surveyed: sociodemographic profile; current professional situation; previous professional experiences; knowledge and access to rights; difficulties and facilities for inclusion in society and the job market. Results: Quantitative data based on the responses to each domain of the interview revealed that a significant percentage of individuals with cleft lip and palate is not (89.4%) and has never been (98.0%) included in quotas reserved for people with special needs. Most have completed high school (51.3%), belong to upper low socioeconomic level (65.3%), have no knowledge on and access to laws that benefit people with disabilities (56.1%), do not make use (86.5%) or made use (90.8%) of these legal benefits, and feel the need of enforcement of the law that foresees the reservation of job quotas for persons with disabilities (67.4%). Most felt or still feel embarrassment or shame for the cleft lip and palate (87.3%) in school (51.6%), in relation to speech and esthetics (49.8%) and suffer bullying (65.5%). At the end of each interview, all individuals were favorable to the application of law that reserve quotas for people with special needs also for people with cleft lip and palate, due to the difficulties experienced in their lives, especially related to speech and facial appearance, which lead to discrimination and prejudice. Conclusion: Based on the present findings, it was concluded that individuals with cleft lip and palate are not being included in the reservation of job quotas for people with disabilities, because among 223 individuals with formal jobs only 37 had access through the quota system. It was also demonstrated that HRAC/USP has contributed to the job market entry of these individuals, by actions that aim to educate the public and private sectors that cleft lip and palate is also a disability, as well as the other categories that are covered by Laws n. 8112/90 and n. 8213/91.

A recorrência da palavra conflito em meus cadernos de campo e suas variações em expressões do tipo: é muita desunião, não têm mais paz ou em falas como ela está sendo perseguida são o ponto de partida dessa tese realizada entre as famílias tupi guarani da T.I. Piaçaguera, litoral sul do Estado de São Paulo. Trato do movimento tupi guarani a partir de diversos contextos relacionais tais como a escola indígena, as festas, apresentações para não indígenas, gravação de um CD/DVD de modo a mostrar o conflito como princípio da conjunção e disjunção de coletivos, que perpassa os modos de adquirir conhecimentos e captura os não indígenas tanto por torná-los parentes como por pacificá-los em iniciativas de turismo em que cultura é objetificada. / The recurrence of the word conflict in my fieldwork notebooks and variations of the word in expressions such as: \"there is much disunion\", \"there is no more peace\" or phrases like \"she\'s being chased\", are the starting point of this thesis conducted among Tupi Guarani families who live at the Piaçaguera indigenous reservation, at the southern coast in São Paulo State. I approach the Tupi Guarani movement from various relational contexts: indigenous schools, festivals, presentations to non-Indians and the recording of a CD / DVD. To show conflict as a principle of conjunction and disjunction of groupings of people that pervades the modes of acquiring knowledge and capturing the non-indigenous, both by turning them into relatives and by pacifying them in tourism initiatives where \"culture\" is objectified.

机票超售,即售出的機票多於飛機客艙座位的數量，已經作為“國際慣例“被航空公司廣泛採用。但是这种做法是有争议的，因為其容易導致航班超售，使得旅客被拒登機而滯留，影響航空公司的聲譽。在這篇論文中，我們使用逆向拍賣的機制尋找自願放棄登機資格的旅客以收回部份已預售的低端機票來滿足高端旅客的需求，并同時根據拍賣實現的結果來賠償被拒絶登機旅客。具體地說，我們建立一個二期的機票銷售模型，並且假定低端與高端旅客分別在第一第二個銷售期到來，而航空公司通過決定其在兩個銷售期的銷售策略，使得其利潤最大化。在模型中，航空公司可利用逆向拍賣的方法，要求低端旅客在購買機票的時候，提交一個其在因為航班超售時，自願放棄座位的赔偿要求。當航班超售時，航空公司可根據低端旅客的競投信息，從中挑選出價最低的旅客，通過滿足他們的賠償要求，收回他們的機票以滿足高端旅客的需求。我们发现我们的机制在大多数情况下，可以提高航空公司的利润，改善航班的登機效率，同时，也能滿足部份低端旅客通過改變計劃行程獲取賠償的需求。我們也會比較逆向拍賣機制與其他現有機制，例如固定價格補償機制。此外，我們也會就逆向拍賣機票銷售模型中的定價问题进行研究。 / With increasing applications of revenue management, airline companies often oversell their tickets. This practice is controversial because some passengers would not be able to board when the number of show-up customers exceeds the available seats. And this might make the affected customers upset and thus affect the future revenue of the airline. In this paper, we propose a new mechanism - a call-back auction, in which the passengers are asked to submit a bid to indicate the compensation they would like to receive for giving up their seats and changing their original flight schedule. This could provide the airline with information to select passengers with the lowest compensation requirements and also reduce the negative impact on customer relationship. We develop a model with booking limit decision and examine the impact of this call-back auction mechanism on the airline's profitability and compare it with other existing mechanisms such as fixed-price compensation. We find that our mechanism can lead to higher profit for the airlines in most cases. In this study, pricing issues are also examined. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Zhong, Zhiheng. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-76). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Table of Contents --- p.vii / Chapter 0 --- Notation / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.7 / Chapter 3 --- Call-back Auction --- p.13 / Chapter 3.1 --- The Concept --- p.13 / Chapter 3.2 --- Implementation --- p.14 / Chapter 4 --- A Two-Period Model with Call-back Auction --- p.19 / Chapter 4.1 --- Uniform Price Call-back Auction --- p.21 / Chapter 4.2 --- Numerical Examples --- p.27 / Chapter 4.3 --- First-price Call-back Auction --- p.35 / Chapter 4.4 --- Revenue Comparison --- p.39 / Chapter 4.5 --- Call-back Auction with Reserve Compensation --- p.41 / Chapter 4.6 --- Alternative Information Structure --- p.50 / Chapter 5 --- Endogenous High-fare Price --- p.59 / Chapter 5.1 --- Additive Demand Function --- p.60 / Chapter 6 --- Conclusion --- p.68 / Bibliography --- p.72

Eventos climáticos localizados e fora dos padrões, que promovam longos períodos de estiagem, podem acarretar impactantes crises hídricas em sistemas de abastecimento de água saturados ou próximos dos limites de operação. A necessidade de projetos sustentáveis de longo prazo é eminente, porém soluções emergenciais são necessárias para superar esses períodos. Municipios onde a atividade mineira é atuante podem esperar ao findar das suas operações a formação de cenários atípicos em sua paisagem, como grandes bacias resultantes da remoção do minério. Essas bacias podem ter destinos nobres para a sociedade se o lençol freático estiver aflorante, não apenas como função paisagística, uma vez que concentram volumes consideráveis de água. Os lagos de minas formados podem oferecer a possibilidade de captação de água para potabilidade em períodos de crises hídricas. Este trabalho apresenta volumes expressivos na modelagem matemática de corpos hídricos, estimada pelo nível do lençol freático de poços tubulares profundos, na Região metropolitana de São Paulo, em cenários atuais e possíveis de minerações ativas ou finalizadas. / Localized and non-standard climate events that promote long periods of drought can lead to impact water crises in saturated water supply systems or close to operating limits. The need for sustainable long-term projects is imminent, but emergency solutions are needed to overcome these periods. Cities where mining activity is active can expect at the end of their operations the formation of atypical scenarios in their landscape, such as end-pit mines resulting from the removal of ore. These basins may have noble destinations for society if the groundwater surface is outcropped, not only as a landscape function, since they concentrate considerable volumes of water. The lakes formed mines can offer the possibility of abstraction of water for potability in periods of water crises. This work presents significant volumes in the mathematical modeling of water bodies, estimated by the level of the groundwater table obtained by deep tubular wells, in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, in current and possible scenarios of active or finished mining.

Obwohl Privatisierung in den letzten Jahren und Jahrzehnten ein Kernthema nicht nur der rechtswissenschaftlichen Debatte gewesen ist, wurde der Bereich der Privatisierung des Maßregelvollzugs nach §§ 63, 64 StGB, § 7 JGG sowie der Aufgaben nach §§ 81, 126a StPO insoweit vernachlässigt. Vor dem Hintergrund hauptsächlich fiskalischer Erwägungen und den Möglichkeiten einer Flucht aus dem Beamten- und dem Haushaltsrecht geraten zunehmend auch solche Bereiche in den Blickpunkt von Privatisierungsüberlegungen, die bisher selbstverständlich dem Bereich staatlicher Tätigkeit zugerechnet werden. Der Staat versteht sich zunehmend als Gewährleistungsstaat, der staatliche Aufgaben nicht mehr eigenhändig erfüllt, sondern sich hierfür der Leistung Dritter bedient. Bislang wurden der Maßregelvollzug nach §§ 63, 64 StGB und § 7 JGG sowie die Unterbringung zur Beobachtung des Beschuldigten nach § 81 StPO und die einstweilige Unterbringung nach § 126a StPO durch den Staat in den (staatlichen) Landeskliniken vollzogen. Auf der im Jahr 2004 eingeführten Rechtsgrundlage des § 36 Abs. 3 S. 2 und S. 5 BbgPsychKG entwickelte das Land Brandenburg ein Modell, um die Durchführung der genannten Aufgaben zu privatisieren, und gliederte die Landeskliniken im Jahr 2006 aus der Landesverwaltung aus. Der Autor untersucht die verfassungsrechtliche Zulässigkeit dieses Privatisierungsvorhabens in formeller und materieller Hinsicht. Eine Besonderheit der Veröffentlichung besteht darin, dass die Arbeit konkrete Aussagen zur Ausgestaltung des Regel-Ausnahme-Verhältnisses des Funktionsvorbehalts nach Art. 33 Abs. 4 GG enthält. Daran fehlte es bislang. Daneben untersucht der Autor einfachgesetzliche Grenzen für Privatisierungen des Maßregellzugs nach §§ 63, 64 StGB, § 7 JGG und der Aufgaben nach §§ 81, 126a StPO sowie solche Privatisierungsgrenzen, die sich aus internationalen Menschenrechtsstandards ergeben. / Although privatisation has been a main subject not only the legal-scientific debate during the last years and decades, the area of the privatisation of the hospital order treatment after §§ 63, 64 StGB, § 7 JGG and the duties after §§ 81, 126a StPO was neglected in this respect. Before the background of primarily fiscal considerations and the possibilities of an escape from the official's right and the budgetary right, such areas get increasingly also in the point of view of the privatisation considerations which are added up to now of course to the area of state activity. The state gets on increasingly as a guarantee state which does not fulfil state duties any more own-handed, but for this of the achievement third helps himself. Up to now the hospital order treatment after §§ 63, 64 StGB and § 7 JGG as well as the accommodation to the observation of the culprit after § 81 StPO and the temporary accommodation after § 126a StPO were carried out by the state in the (state) land medical centres. On the legal basis § 36 paragraph 3 p. 2 and p. 5 BbgPsychKG, introduced in 2004, the State of Brandenburg developed a model to privatise the realisation of the called duties, and separated the land medical centres in 2006 from the land management. The author examines the constitutional-juridical admissibility of this privatisation plan in formal and material regard. A specific feature of the publication consists in it, that the work concrete statements to the arrangement of the control exception relation of the functional reservation after article 33 paragraphs 4 GG contains enough. There was not this up to now. Besides the author examines easy-legal borders for privatisations of the hospital order treatment after §§ 63, 64 StGB, § 7 JGG and the duties after §§ 81, 126a StPO as well as such privatisation borders which arise from international standards of human rights.