Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:06:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandoAML.pdf: 704139 bytes, checksum: 56133b8802fd230583fd96ae8805d657 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-30 / Several problems related to the loss of hydraulic seal in oilwells, causing gas migration and/or contamination of the production zone by water, have been reported. The loss of the hydraulic seal is a consequence of cracks which can be occasioned either by the invasion of gas during the wait on cement or by the expansion of the casing causing the fracture of the cement sheath. In case of the pressure of the formation is higher than the pressure in the annulus, gas can migrate into the slurry and form microannulus, which are channels where gas migrates after the cement is set. Cracks can be also occasioned by the fracture of the cement sheath when it does not withstand the thermal and dynamic loads. In reservoirs where the oil is heavy, steam water injection operation is required in order to get the oil flowing. This operation increases the temperature of the casing, and then it expands and causes the fracture of the cement sheath in the annulus. When the failures on the cement are detected, remedial cementing is required, which raise costs caused by the interventions. Once the use of cement in the construction civil sector is older than its use in the petroleum sector, it is common to bring technologies and solutions from the civil construction and apply them on the petroleum area. In this context, vermiculite, a mineral-clay widely encountered in Brazil, has been used, on its exfoliated form, in the civil construction, especially on the manufacture of lights and fireproof concretes with excellent thermal and acoustical properties. It has already been reported in scientific journals, studies of the addition of exfoliated vermiculite in Portland cements revealing good properties related to oilwell cementing operations. Thus, this study aimed to study the rheological behavior, thickening time, stability and compressive strength of the slurries made of Portland cement and exfoliated vermiculite in 5 different compositions, at room temperature and heated. The results showed that the compressive strength decreased with the addition of exfoliated vermiculite, however the values are still allowed for oiwell cementing operations. The thickening time of the slurry with no exfoliated vermiculite was 120 min and the thickening time of the slurry with 12 % of exfoliated vermiculite was 98 min. The stability and the rheological behavior of the slurries revealed that the exfoliated vermiculite absorbed water and therefore increased the viscosity of the slurries, even though increasing the factor cement-water. The stability experiment carried out at 133 ?F showed that, there was neither sedimentation nor reduction of the volume of the cement for the slurry with 12 % of exfoliated vermiculite. Thus, the addition of exfoliated vermiculite accelerates the set time of the cement and gives it a small shrinkage during the wait on cement, which are important to prevent gas migration / Muitos problemas relacionados ? perda do isolamento hidr?ulico em po?os de petr?leo, causando migra??o de g?s e contamina??o da zona produtora por migra??o de ?gua, t?m sido reportados. A perda do isolamento hidr?ulico ? conseq??ncia de trincas que por sua vez s?o conseq??ncias de uma cimenta??o mal feita, onde houve invas?o de g?s durante a pega da pasta gerando trincas tamb?m chamadas de microanulares que s?o os caminhos por onde a migra??o de g?s ocorre. Essas trincas tamb?m s?o ocasionadas pela fratura do cimento quando este n?o suporta as cargas t?rmicas e din?micas, as quais o cimento ? submetido durante sua vida. Em reservat?rios onde o ?leo encontrado ? bastante viscoso, opera??es de inje??o de vapor de ?gua s?o requeridas a fim de facilitar o escoamento do ?leo. Essa opera??o aumenta a temperatura da malha de po?os, fazendo com que o revestimento dilate e frature o cimento no anular, ocasionando a perda do isolamento hidr?ulico. Uma vez detectada falhas no isolamento hidr?ulico, opera??es de corre??o s?o requeridas o que acaba gerando custos, perda de tempo com a interven??o e lucro cessante. Como o setor de constru??o civil trabalha com cimento a muito mais tempo que o setor de petr?leo, ? comum lan?ar-se m?o de tecnologias e solu??es apresentadas na constru??o e aplicar com os devidos ajustes no ramo do petr?leo. Nesse contexto, a vermiculita, um argilomineral encontrado em abund?ncia no Brasil, tem sido aplicado, na sua forma expandida, na constru??o civil para confec??o de concretos leves, resistentes a fogo e com excelentes propriedades de isolamento t?rmico e ac?stico. J? tem sido reportado em revistas cient?ficas, estudos de sua adi??o em cimento portland com boas propriedades relacionadas ? cimenta??o de po?os de petr?leo. Dessa forma o presente trabalho objetivou estudar o comportamento reol?gico, tempo de pega e a resist?ncia a compress?o de pastas com vermiculita expandida e cimento portland classe especial em quatro composi??es diferentes, fazendo um comparativo com as propriedades existentes da pasta padr?o contendo apenas cimento portland e ?gua, em duas temperaturas, ambiente e aquecida. Os resultados mostraram que a resist?ncia ? compress?o dos corpos de prova diminuiu com o aumento da concentra??o de vermiculita, por?m ainda dentro da faixa permitida para cimenta??o de po?os de petr?leo. Os ensaios de consistometria indicaram que o tempo de pega para a pasta padr?o foi de 120 min, enquanto que para a pasta com 12% de vermiculita expandida foi de 98 min. Os ensaios de estabilidade e a avalia??o do comportamento reol?gico das pastas mostraram que a vermiculita expandida por absorver ?gua, aumenta a viscosidade da pasta, mesmo aumentando o fator ?gua-cimento. O ensaio de estabilidade realizado ? 133 ?F mostrou que n?o houve rebaixamento e nem sedimenta??o para a pasta com 12% de vermiculita expandida. Logo a adi??o de vermiculita expandida ? pasta cimentante favorece a cura r?pida e a baixa retra??o do volume da pasta durante a pega, importantes para evitar migra??o de g?s

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TiagoRS.pdf: 224853 bytes, checksum: a7ecf3c3cba57ff6b3ea1ac7c4fb7f05 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-02 / Petr?leo Brasileiro SA - PETROBRAS / Cementation operation consists in an extremely important work for the phases of perforation and completion of oil wells, causing a great impact on the well productivity. Several problems can occur with the cement during the primary cementation, as well as throughout the productive period. The corrective operations are frequent, but they are expensive and demands production time. Besides the direct cost, prejudices from the interruption of oil and gas production till the implementation of a corrective operation must be also taken into account. The purpose of this work is the development of an alternative cement paste constituted of Portland cement and porcelainized stoneware residue produced by ceramic industry in order to achieve characteristics as low permeability, high tenacity, and high mechanical resistance, capable of supporting various operations as production or oil wells recuperation. Four different concentration measures of hydrated paste were evaluated: a reference paste, and three additional ones with ceramic residue in concentrations of the order of 10%, 20% and 30% in relation to cement dough. High resistance and low permeability were found in high concentration of residues, as well as it was proved the pozolanic reactivity of the residue in relation to Portland cement, which was characterized through x-ray and thermogravimetry assays. It was evident the decrease of calcium hydroxide content, once it was substituted by formation of new hydrated products as it was added ceramic residue / A opera??o de cimenta??o consiste em um trabalho de extrema import?ncia para as fases de perfura??o e completa??o de po?os de petr?leo e tem grande impacto sobre a produtividade do po?o. Muitos problemas podem ocorrer com o cimento, tanto durante a cimenta??o prim?ria do po?o como tamb?m durante seu per?odo produtivo. As opera??es para corre??o destes problemas s?o freq?entes, por?m onerosas e demandam tempo de produ??o. Al?m do custo direto da opera??o corretiva, deve m ser ontabilizados, ainda, preju?zos devidos ? interrup??o da produ??o de ?leo e g?s at? que uma opera??o de corre??o seja realizada. Este trabalho tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de pastas cimentantes alternativas, constitu?das por cimento Portland e um res?duo de porcelanato produzido pela ind?stria cer?mica, a fim de obter caracter?sticas como baixa permeabilidade, alta tenacidade e alta resist?ncia mec?nica, capazes de suportar as diversas opera??es, tanto de produ??o como de recupera??o de po?os de petr?leo. Foram avaliadas quatro concentra??es diferentes de pastas hidratadas: uma pasta de refer?ncia e tr?s pastas contendo res?duo cer?mico nas concentra??es de 10%, 20% e 30%, em rela??o ? massa do cimento. Foram encontradas, para as maiores concentra??es de res?duo, maior resist?ncia mec?nica e menor permeabilidade, al?m de ser comprovada a reatividade pozol?nica do res?duo com o cimento Portland. Esta foi caracterizada atrav?s dos ensaios de Difra??o de Raios X e Termogravimetria, ficando clara a diminui??o do teor de hidr?xido de c?lcio, substitu?do pela forma??o de novos produtos hidratados ? medida que se adicionava o res?duo cer?mico

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:48:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoMGL_DISSERT.pdf: 2920200 bytes, checksum: c9c74c01a86db791fd1fef40b8b653c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-09 / Soil improved with the addition of cement have been utilized as an alternative to the construction of various types of geotechnical works, almost always present economic and environmental advantages. This paper presents a study on the usage of cement in the improvement of mechanical properties of sandy soils, characteristic of the region of Natal, collected from its dunes. This research was made in order to analyze the influence of cement content, voids, and also including water immersion and confining pressure. Samples molded from cement-soil mixtures were tested for unconfined compression tests and triaxial tests. The samples had the percentage of cement mixed in 2.5%, 5% and 10% by weight. The cement agent used was the Portland Cement of High Early strength(CPV-ARI), which promoted agility to the experimental procedure for presenting a rapid gain in strenght. The void ratio used ranged from 0.7 (more compact), 0,9 and 1,1(softer). The soil under study can be considered as pure sand. In general, it can be stated that the larger the amount of cement added to the sand studied is, the greater ultimate strength will be. Likewise, as more compact the soil is, the less void ratio and more resistant it will be present. The confining pressure tends to increase the resistance of the specimens. The cementing adopted grades showed that the use of different criteria for failure did not significantly alter the stress-strain parameters for the sand studied. The angle of friction values were found within the typical range of medium and compact sands. Cementing acted in the sand providing an intercepted cohesion which increased enhancing the potential cementation. In triaxial compression tests, the sand with void ratio is equal to 0.7 and showed the expected behavior for a compact sand while the stress-strain behavior of the same sand with the void ratio of 0.9 tended to be expected for the soft sand as well / Solos melhorados com adi??o de cimento t?m sido bastante utilizados como alternativa na constru??o de diversos tipos de obras geot?cnicas, quase sempre por apresentar vantagens econ?micas e ambientais. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a utiliza??o de cimento no melhoramento das propriedades mec?nicas de solos arenosos caracter?sticos da regi?o de Natal, coletados em dunas. Foi avaliada a influ?ncia do teor de cimento, do ?ndice de vazios, da inunda??o e da tens?o confinante. Corpos-de-prova moldados a partir de misturas de solo-cimento foram submetidos a ensaios de resist?ncia ? compress?o simples e ? compress?o triaxial convencional. Nas amostras as porcentagens de cimento foram variadas em 2,5%, 5% e 10% em peso. O agente cimentante utilizado foi o Cimento Portland de Alta resist?ncia inicial (CP-V ARI), que promoveu agilidade ao procedimento experimental por apresentar um processo de cura mais r?pido.Os ?ndices de vazios utilizados variaram de 0,7 (mais compacto), 0,9 e 1,1(mais fofo). O solo estudado pode ser considerado como uma areia pura. De uma forma geral, pode-se afirmar que quanto maior a quantidade de cimento adicionado ? areia estudada, maior a sua resist?ncia final. Da mesma forma, quanto mais compacto estiver esse solo, isto ?, quanto menor o ?ndice de vazios, mais resistente ele se apresentar?. A tens?o confinante tende a aumentar a resist?ncia dos corpos de prova. Nos graus de cimenta??o adotados, a utiliza??o de diferentes crit?rios de ruptura n?o alterou significativamente os par?metros tens?o-deforma??o para a areia estudada. Os valores de ?ngulo de atrito encontrados estavam dentro dos valores t?picos para areias m?dias e compactas. A cimenta??o agiu na areia de modo a proporcionar um intercepto de coes?o que aumentou com o incremento da cimenta??o. Nos ensaios de compress?o triaxial, a areia com ?ndice de vazios igual a 0,7 apresentou o comportamento esperado para uma areia compacta, enquanto o comportamento tens?o deforma??o da mesma areia com ?ndice de vazios de 0,9 tendeu ao esperado para a areia fofa

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-27T00:18:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipheLacerdaSouzaDeAlencar_DISSERT.pdf: 4823530 bytes, checksum: b4a668d3c4f491b90de30b674816113d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-01T22:58:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipheLacerdaSouzaDeAlencar_DISSERT.pdf: 4823530 bytes, checksum: b4a668d3c4f491b90de30b674816113d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-01T22:58:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipheLacerdaSouzaDeAlencar_DISSERT.pdf: 4823530 bytes, checksum: b4a668d3c4f491b90de30b674816113d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A baixa qualidade h?drica no semi?rido brasileiro, em grande parte associa-se a a??o antr?pica, tal como o lan?amento de res?duos met?licos oriundos da ind?stria minerada. O presente estudo objetiva comparar e discutir a evolu??o das pesquisas realizadas em ?mbito mundial, as quais fizeram uso do potencial biorremediador da Chromobacterium violaceum a metais pesados; compreender a capacidade biorremediadora e avaliar os padr?es fenot?picos de resist?ncia em cepas selvagens e padr?es (ATCC 12472) de C. violaceum diante dos metais pesados, Ferro, Zinco e Mangan?s, em diferentes concentra??es e intera??es met?licas; analisar os par?metros f?sico-qu?micos e microbiol?gicos do reservat?rio Engenheiro Armando Ribeiro Gon?alves, situado do munic?pio de Jucurutu (regi?o semi?rida do Rio Grande do Norte - RN); verificar a abordagem da tem?tica biorremedia??o em livros did?ticos do ensino fundamental e m?dio indicados pelo PNLD 2014 e 2012, respectivamente, assim como desenvolver um produto did?tico direcionado ? contextualiza??o da interface conhecimento t?cnico-cient?fico e meio ambiente. A revis?o sistem?tica foi limitada a trabalhos publicados entre 2001 e 2014, utilizando-se dos bancos de dados LILACS, PubMed e SciELO. A avalia??o da resist?ncia de C. violaceum aos metais pesados ocorreu em concentra??es decrescentes de Fe, Mn e Zn, durante intervalos de 24, 48 e 72 horas por planejamento fatorial completo 23; o isolamento e a identifica??o microbiol?gica foram realizados conforme metodologia preconizada pelo Standard Methods for Examinations of Water and Wastewater; a avalia??o da capacidade biorremediadora de C. violaceum por espectrofotometria de absor??o at?mica (EAA), enquanto que a an?lise das unidades de registro a partir da adapta??o da metodologia de an?lise de conte?do de Bardin (2004). A biolixivia??o foi a t?cnica mais discutida; o ouro o substrato biorremediado mais citado e a cianeta??o o mecanismo fenot?pico prevalente. Mecanismos gen?ticos foram citados em 29,4% das publica??es e entre as prote?nas transcritas por C. violaceum 18,3% eram ditas hipot?ticas. Ambas as cepas de C. violaceum apresentaram resist?ncia aos metais testes em diferentes escalas de concentra??es, intera??es e intervalos de exposi??o. No entanto aquelas selvagens apresentaram uma resposta de fase aguda mais eficiente comparadas ?s padr?es, sobretudo para as concentra??es de 80 a 480 g/100ml x 10-3. A an?lise f?sico-qu?mica da ?gua revelou par?metros aceit?veis, conforme a resolu??o vigente, exceto para o ponto 5, no que tange a an?lise do pH, nesse ponto ocorreu o isolamento da C. violaceum, cuja capacidade biorremediadora aos elementos Fe, Mn e Zn mostrou-se mais eficiente quanto ?s cepas ATCC. Todos os livros did?ticos analisados, embora tenham sido recomendados pelo PNLD, apresentaram car?ncias quanto ? tem?tica biorremedia??o, fazendo-se necess?rio o desenvolvimento de materiais did?ticos que visem suprir tal abordagem. Os dados avaliados demonstram a fundamental import?ncia da C. violaceum como microorganismo biorremediador de metais pesados e evidencia a import?ncia do monitoramento ambiental, desenvolvimento e aplica??o da biorremedia??o em ambientes impactados, bem como destaca a necessidade da reformula??o da interface educa??o ambiental e biotecnologia, com a finalidade de possibilitar ao docente e ao estudante de ensino m?dio e fundamental uma reflex?o mais cr?tica sobre as rela??es que envolvem a polui??o ambiental e as poss?veis ferramentas mitigadoras dessa problem?tica. / The low water quality in the Brazilian Semiarid, in the most of cases is associated to human activities, such as the release of metallic waste from the mined industry. This study aims to compare and discuss the research evolution performed worldwide, which made use of the potential of C. violaceum for bioremediation of heavy metals; understand the bioremediation and phenotypic resistance patterns in wild and Standard strains (ATCC 12472) of heavy metals, iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn), in differents responce time, concentrations and metal interactions; evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological parameters in Engenheiro Armando Ribeiro Gon?alves reservoir, located in the county of Jucurutu (semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte - RN); analyze the approach of the subject bioremediation in textbooks from elementary and high school appointed by 2014 and 2012 PNLD, respectively, as well as developing an educational product targeted to approaching the technical and scientific knowledge and the environment interface. The systematic review was limited to research published between 2001 to 2015, using LILACS, PubMed, and SciELO databases. The evaluation of C. violaceum resistance for heavy metals occurred in decreasing concentrations of Fe, Zn and Mn, at intervals of 24, 48 and 72 hours by a full factorial design 23; the isolation and microbiological identification were performed according to the methodology recommended by the Standard Methods for Examinations of Water and Wastewater; the evaluation the use of the potential of C. violaceum for bioremediation of heavy metals was performed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS), while the analysis of the reporting units was carried out from the adaptation of Bardin content analysis methodology (2004). The systematic survey showed that bioleaching technique was further discussed; gold was the bioremediated substrate most mentioned, and cyanidation was the prevalent phenotypic mechanism. Genetic mechanisms were mentioned in 29.4% of the publications, and among proteins transcribed by C. violaceum 18.3% were hypothetical. Whereas experimental data indicated that both strains of C. violaceum showed resistance to the metals tests on different scales concentrations, interactions and exposure intervals (p<10-5). However that wild showed a more efficient acute phase response compared to the standard, especially for metal concentrations from 80 to 480 g/100 mL x 10-3. The physicochemical water analysis revealed acceptable parameters as the current resolution, except for point five, as regards the analysis of pH, on this point was the isolation of C. violaceum, whose the use in bioremediation of Fe, Zn and Mn showed more efficient as the ATCC strain (p<10-5). Finally, the educational axis directed to the analysis of the textbooks showed that all of them, although they were recommended by PNLD, showed shortcomings regarding the subject bioremediation, making it necessary to develop educational materials aiming at to supply such an approach. The evaluated data demonstrated the fundamental importance of C. violaceum in bioremediation of heavy metals and highlights the importance of environmental monitoring, development and application of bioremediation in impacted environments and emphasizes the need to reworking the environmental education and biotechnology interface, in order to enable the teacher and high school and fundamental students to a critical reflection about the relationships involving environmental pollution and possible mitigation tools of this problem.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AllisonARS_DISSERT_Parcial.pdf: 268843 bytes, checksum: ccc10add424035b8ef9b1b3a87699d4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-27 / With the increasing of demand for natural gas and the consequent growth of the pipeline networks, besides the importance of transport and transfer of oil products by pipeline, and when it comes to product quality and integrity of the pipeline there is an important role regarding to the monitoring internal corrosion of the pipe. This study aims to assess corrosion in three pipeline that operate with different products, using gravimetric techniques and electrical resistance. Chemical analysis of residues originated in the pipeline helps to identify the mechanism corrosive process. The internal monitoring of the corrosion in the pipelines was carried out between 2009 and 2010 using coupon weight loss and electrical resistance probe. Physico-chemical techniques of diffraction and fluorescence X-rays were used to characterize the products of corrosion of the pipelines. The corrosion rate by weight loss was analyzed for every pipeline, only those ones that has revealed corrosive attack were analyzed located corrosion rate. The corrosion potential was classified as low to pipeline gas and ranged from low to severe for oil pipelines and the pipeline derivatives. Corrosion products were identified as iron carbonate, iron oxide and iron sulfide / Com o aumento da demanda de g?s natural e consequente crescimento da malha dutovi?ria, al?m da import?ncia do transporte e transfer?ncia de petr?leo e derivados por dutos, e em se tratando da qualidade do produto e da integridade do duto h? um importante papel no que diz respeito ao monitoramento da corros?o interna da tubula??o. O objetivo deste trabalho ? avaliar a corros?o em 3 (tr?s) dutos que operam com diferentes produtos, utilizando t?cnicas gravim?trica e de resist?ncia el?trica. An?lises qu?micas dos res?duos gerados nos dutos ajudam a identificar o mecanismo do processo corrosivo. Monitoramento da corros?o interna em dutos foi realizado no per?odo de 2009 a 2010 utilizando cupom de perda de massa e sonda de resist?ncia el?trica. T?cnicas f?sico-qu?micas de difra??o e fluoresc?ncia de Raios-X foram utilizadas na caracteriza??o dos produtos de corros?o dos dutos. A taxa de corros?o por perda de massa foi analisada para todos os dutos, apenas aqueles que apresentaram ataque corrosivo localizado foram analisados a taxa de corros?o localizada. O potencial de corros?o foi classificado como baixo para duto de transporte de g?s e variou de baixo a severa para dutos de petr?leo e para o duto de derivado. Foram identificados produtos de corros?o como carbonato de ferro, ?xido de ferro e sulfeto de ferro / 2020-01-01

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:10:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BrunoMSW_DISSERT.pdf: 2493064 bytes, checksum: 67d2a8f0addf9c48ec5976ed766a8e15 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Malaria is a disease of global distribution, recognized by governments around the world as a serious public health problem, affecting more than 109 countries and territories and endangering more than 3.3 billion people. The economic costs of this disease are also relevant: the African continent itself has malaria-related costs of about $ 12 billion annually. Nowadays, in addition to chloroquine, Plasmodium falciparum is resistant to many drugs used in the treatment of malaria, such as amodiaquine, mefloquine, quinine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine; resistance of Plasmodium vivax to treatments, although less studied, is also reported. Nature, in general, is responsible for the production of most known organic substances, and the plant kingdom is responsible for the most of the chemical diversity known and reported in the literature. Most medicinal plants commercialized in Brazil, however, are of exotic origin, which makes the search for endemic medicinal plants, besides a patent necessity, a fascinating subject of academic research and development. This study aimed to: (i) verify the antimalarial activity of ethanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts of Boerhavia paniculata Rich. And acetonic extract of Clethra scabra Pers. in Swiss albino mice infected by Plasmodium berghei NK65, (ii) observe possible combined effects between the course of infection by P. berghei NK65 and administration of these extracts in Swiss albino mice, and (iii) conduct a preliminary study of the acute toxicity of these extracts in Swiss albino mice. All extracts notable pharmacological activities - with parasite infections inhibitions ranging from 22% to 54%.These characteristics suggest that the activities are relevant, although comparatively lower than the activity displayed by the positive control group (always above 90%). The general framework of survival analysis demonstrates an overall reduction in survival times for all groups. Necroscopy has not pointed no change in color, shape, size and/or consistency in the evaluated organs - the only exception was the livers of rats submitted to treatment to hydroalcoholic extracts: these organs have been presented in a slightly congestive aspect with mass increasing roughly 28% higher than the other two groups and a p-value of 0.0365. The 250 mg/Kg ethanolic group has been pointed out by the Dunn s post test, as the only class with simultaneous inequalities (p<0.05) between positive and negative control groups. The extracts, notably ethanol extract, have, in fact, a vestigial antimalarial activity, although well below from the ones perceived to chloroquine-treated groups; nevertheless, the survival times of the animals fed with the extracts do not rise by presence of such therapy. Both the toxicopharmacological studies of the synergism between the clinical course of malaria and administration of extracts and the isolated evaluation of toxicity allow us to affirm the absence of toxicity of the extracts at the level of CNS and ANS, as well as their non-influence on food and water consumption patterns, until dosages of 500 mg/Kg. Necroscopic analysis leads us to deduct a possible hepatotoxic effect of hydroalcoholic extract at dosages of 500 mg/Kg, and an innocuous tissue activity of the ethanol extract, in the same dosage. We propose a continuation of the studies of these extracts, with protocol modifications capable of addressing more clearly and objectively their pharmacological and toxicological aspects / A mal?ria ? uma doen?a de distribui??o global, reconhecida por governos de todo o mundo como grave problema de sa?de p?blica, ocorrendo em mais de 109 pa?ses e territ?rios e pondo em risco mais de 3,3 bilh?es de pessoas. Os custos econ?micos da doen?a s?o tamb?m relevantes: apenas o continente africano tem um ?nus de cerca de US$12 bilh?es anuais. Hodiernamente, al?m da cloroquina, o Plasmodium falciparum apresenta resist?ncia aos diversos medicamentos usados na rotina, como amodiaquina, mefloquina, quinina e sulfadoxina-pirimetamina; a resist?ncia de Plasmodium vivax, apesar de menos estudada, tamb?m ? relatada. A natureza, de um modo geral, ? a respons?vel pela produ??o da maioria das subst?ncias org?nicas conhecidas, sendo o reino vegetal respons?vel pela maior parcela da diversidade qu?mica conhecida e registrada na literatura. A maioria das plantas medicinais comercializadas no Brasil, contudo, ? de origem ex?tica, o que torna a busca por plantas medicinais end?micas, al?m de uma patente necessidade, um fascinante assunto de pesquisa acad?mica e de desenvolvimento. Este trabalho teve por objetivo: (i) verificar a atividade antimal?rica dos extratos etan?lico e hidroalco?lico de Boerhavia paniculata Rich. e acet?nico de Clethra scabra Pers. em camundongos albinos Swiss infectados por Plasmodium berghei NK65; (ii) observar poss?veis efeitos combinados entre o curso da infec??o por P. berghei NK65 e a administra??o destes extratos em camundongos albinos Swiss; e (iii) realizar um estudo da toxicidade aguda destes extratos em camundongos albinos Swiss. Notam-se, em todos os extratos, atividades farmacol?gicas not?rias com inibi??es da parasitemia variando de 22% a 54% - caracter?sticas estas que sugerem atividades relevantes, apesar de comparativamente inferior ? atividade apresentada pelo grupo controle positivo (sempre superior a 90%). O quadro geral da an?lise de sobreviv?ncia demonstra uma redu??o global dos tempos de sobrevida para todos os grupos testados. A necroscopia n?o apontou, em um quadro geral, qualquer altera??o de cor, forma, tamanho e/ou consist?ncia nos ?rg?os avaliados nos estudos a ?nica exce??o recaiu sobre os f?gados dos animais submetidos ao extrato hidroalco?lico: estes se apresentaram sob um aspecto levemente congestivo, com aumento de massa cerca de 28% superior aos outros dois grupos e um p-valor de 0,0365. O grupo etan?lico 250 mg/Kg foi apontado, pelo p?s-teste de Dunn, como a ?nica classe com desigualdades simult?neas (p< 0,05) entre os grupos controles positivo e negativo. Os extratos analisados, notadamente o extrato etan?lico, apresentam, de fato, uma atividade antiplasm?dica resquicial, embora muito abaixo da percebida para grupos tratados com cloroquina; n?o obstante, os tempos de sobrevida dos animais submetidos aos tratamentos com os extratos n?o se elevam mediante a presen?a de tal terap?utica. Tanto o estudo t?xico-farmacol?gico do sinergismo entre a evolu??o cl?nica da mal?ria e a administra??o dos extratos quanto a avalia??o isolada de toxicidade nos permitem afirmar a aus?ncia de toxicidade dos extratos em n?vel de SNC e SNA, bem como a n?o influ?ncia destes nos padr?es de consumo h?drico e alimentar, at? as doses de 500 mg/Kg. A an?lise necrosc?pica nos leva ? dedu??o de um poss?vel efeito hepatot?xico do extrato hidroalco?lico, em doses de 500 mg/Kg, e uma atividade tecidual in?cua do extrato etan?lico, em mesma dosagem. Propomos uma continua??o dos estudos destes extratos, com modifica??es protocolares capazes de abordar, de forma mais clara e objetiva, seus aspectos farmacol?gicos e toxicol?gicos

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 InavanLS.pdf: 1364854 bytes, checksum: ba90b85051f2ebfc654a59eda4cafaef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-28 / The metabolic syndrome (MetS) involves a group of risk factors and is associated with a significantly higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes. Recent studies have shown the importance of preventing CVD through early diagnosis and treatment of patients with MetS. The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of MetS by different diagnostic criteria in postmenopausal women and analyze the influence of socioeconomic factors on cardiovascular risk in this sample of the population. A cross-sectional study involving 127 postmenopausal women (45 to 64 years) from Natal and Mossor?, Brazil. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. The experimental protocol consisted of applying structured interview, clinical examination and implementation of dosages blood. The diagnosis of MetS was based on NCEP-ATP III (National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III) and IDF (International Diabetes Federation) criteria. The research was accomplished with the participation of an interdisciplinary team in their several phases. The result of the sample studied had mean age of 53.9 ? 4.6 years and per capita income of 54.5 dollars. The prevalence of MetS, according to NCEP-ATP III and IDF criteria, was 52.8% and 61.4$, respectively. The agreement rate between NCEP-ATP III and IDF criteria was 81.9%, with a kappa value of 0.63 (CI 95%, 0.49-0.76), indicating good agreement between the two definitions. The most prevalent cardiovascular risk factor was HDL < 50 mg/dl, observed in 96.1% of the women analyzed, followed by increased waist circumference (&#8805; 80 cm) in 78.0%, elevated blood pressure in 51.2%, triglycerides &#8805; 150 mg/dl in 40.9% and glycemia &#8805; 100 mg/dl in 37.0% of the women. The occurrence of MetS was significantly associated with schooling and body mass index (BMI). High blood pressure was significantly associated with low family income, low schooling and weight gain. There was no significant association between the intensity of climacteric symptomatology and the occurrence of MetS. The conclusions of the research were that MetS and its individual components show a high prevalence in postmenopausal Brazilian women, and significant associations with weight gain and low socioeconomic indicators. The data point to the need for an interdisciplinary approach at the basic health care level, directed toward the early identification of risk factors and the promotion of cardiovascular health of climacteric women. / A s?ndrome metab?lica (SM) engloba um grupo de fatores de risco, estando associada com aumento significativo do risco para desenvolvimento de doen?as cardiovasculares (DCV) e diabetes tipo 2. Recentes pesquisas t?m demonstrado a import?ncia da identifica??o precoce e tratamento de pacientes com SM, visando ? preven??o das DCV. O objetivo do nosso trabalho foi determinar a preval?ncia de SM por diferentes crit?rios diagn?sticos em mulheres na p?s-menopausa e analisar a influ?ncia da intensidade dos fatores s?cio-econ?micos sobre o risco cardiovascular nessa amostra da popula??o. Foi realizado estudo transversal envolvendo 127 mulheres na p?s- menopausa (idade de 45 a 64 anos) residentes em Natal e Mossor?, Rio Grande do Norte. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit? de ?tica em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. O protocolo experimental constou da aplica??o de entrevista estruturada, exame cl?nico e realiza??o de dosagens sangu?neas. O diagn?stico de SM foi estabelecido com base nos crit?rios NCEP-ATP III (National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Treatment Panel III) e da IDF (International Diabetes Federation). A pesquisa foi realizada com a participa??o de uma equipe interdisciplinar nas suas diversas fases. O resultado da amostra estudada apresentou m?dia de idade de 53,9 ? 4,6 anos e renda per capita m?dia de 54,5 d?lares. A preval?ncia de SM conforme os crit?rios NCEP-ATP III e IDF foi de 52,8% e 61,4%, respectivamente. A taxa de concord?ncia entre os crit?rios NCEP-ATP III e IDF foi de 81,9%, com valor de kappa de 0,63 (IC 95%, 0,49-0,76), indicando haver boa concord?ncia entre as duas defini??es. O fator de risco cardiovascular mais prevalente foi HDL<50 mg/dl, observado em 96,1% das mulheres analisadas, seguido por circunfer?ncia da cintura aumentada (&#8805;80 cm) em 78,0%, eleva??o da press?o arterial em 51,2%, triglicer?deos &#8805; 150 mg/dl em 40,9% e glicemia &#8805; 100 mg/dl em 37,0% das mulheres. A ocorr?ncia de SM foi significativamente associada com a escolaridade e ?ndice de massa corporal (IMC). Press?o arterial elevada foi significativamente associada com baixa renda familiar, baixa escolaridade e ganho de peso. N?o houve associa??o significativa entre a intensidade da sintomatologia climat?rica e ocorr?ncia de SM. As conclus?es da pesquisa foram que a SM e seus componentes individuais apresentam elevada preval?ncia em mulheres brasileiras na p?s-menopausa, havendo associa??es significativas com o ganho de peso e indicadores de baixo n?vel s?cio-econ?mico. Os dados apontam para a necessidade da abordagem interdisciplinar no n?vel da aten??o b?sica em sa?de, voltada para a identifica??o precoce de fatores de risco e promo??o da sa?de cardiovascular das mulheres no climat?rio.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianeMN_TESE.pdf: 2955816 bytes, checksum: 771eb00af667050c7d0356b84fdda857 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-03-21 / This work discusses the impacts of the globalization in the Brazilian northeast culture, specifically in the popular field. The background of theses reflections is the carnival festivities in Recife-PE. In this context, attempts to changes as well as resistance to them maintaining the cultural values and the popular manifestations take a new dimension, presenting different ways of being nordestino. The option for the context of the carnival festivities is due to its significance to the people of this place, particularly as it is a space in which people represent themselves. The work presents a version of the history of carnival in Recife, identifies some manifestations that comprise it, analyzes its changes and shows the process of valuing the local culture in the latest years of the 20th century. The research also reveals how the popular culture assumes a functional and dynamic character where the themes of the popular traditions are being reworked. This process allows not only the survival of the local culture, but also the resistance against the capitalist project to construct a global culture and its uniform character. Even though the carnival festivity has become a mega show, composing a market design, it is still a space to construct differences and see the other. Lastly, for the people of that region, it is a space of fighting for a place in the international panorama / Este trabalho discute os impactos da globaliza??o na cultura nordestina, especificamente no universo da cultura popular. O pano de fundo dessas reflex?es ? os festejos carnavalescos da cidade do Recife-PE, pois nesse contexto se acolhe o novo, mas tamb?m se resiste ?s mudan?as, preserva-se os valores culturais e as manifesta??es populares tomam uma nova dimens?o, consubstanciando-se em novas formas de ser nordestino. A op??o pelo contexto da festa se deu por este ser de grande signific?ncia para o povo nordestino, e primordialmente por ser um espa?o no qual o povo se representa. O trabalho traz um hist?rico da festa de carnaval da cidade do Recife, identifica as manifesta??es que a comp?em, analisa as transforma??es ocorridas na festa e mostra o intenso processo de valoriza??o da cultura local que vem ocorrendo nos ?ltimos anos do s?culo XX. Revela, como em decorr?ncia desse processo, a cultura popular assume um car?ter funcional e din?mico onde as tem?ticas das tradi??es populares est?o sendo reformuladas e reapropriadas pela popula??o, permitindo a cultura popular nordestina n?o s? permanecer, como tamb?m, se impor ao projeto capitalista de cultura global e negar seu car?ter uniformizador. Mesmo que a festa carnavalesca esteja sendo transformada em megaespet?culo com formato e padroniza??o de produto, deixando de ser um ritual e transformando-se em fonte de renda, alterando profundamente sua "fisionomia", continua sendo, para a gente daquele lugar o espa?o de edifica??o das diferen?as e da percep??o do outro, o espa?o de constitui??o da cidadania e da luta por se fazer respeitar e conquistar um "lugar" no panorama internacional

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JulianoCPB_DISSERT.pdf: 4080491 bytes, checksum: 382059540d976c58be16c4b75594ee1c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-06 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Monoculture of mind This idea, presented by Vandana Shiva, reflects the phase that we have experienced in the world: a notion of civilization that, since many decades, characterized by a technocratic big trend, has been shown as dominant and hegemonic. Based on a thinking and acting, felling and whishing standardization, this wave ends implying in what can be called of humanity?s crisis at civilizational process. Destruction of simpler and more harmonious lifestyles with nature, human relations increasingly distant, values embrittlement, as respect, goodness and love, are some consequences of that behavioral homogenization. In the other hand, appears an archipelago of cultural and cognitive resistance against this devastating wave. Edgar Morin and Cei?a Almeida refer to this archipelago as a South Thought , what is not just a geographic question. Report, therefore, to some places, peoples, island that keep ancient costumes and knowledge, orally transmitted, for instance, from elders to younger, or vice versa, in an almost constant flow. Particular ways of experiencing the world around themselves, the men, animals, plants, rocks, or even not alive beings, masters or enchanted, spiritual guides. Next to a logic of sensitive, as Claude Levi-Strauss proposes, this reading, which is a more attentive, observer and wiser posture of surroundings, is based on touching, smelling, eating, seeing, and, I would add, felling. In light of this, I try to expatiate about certain experiences that I had the pleasure of living in some of these islands of resistance. Talks, perceptions, observations, sensations Stories, prose, poetries, music, photos, graphics Whatever could serve to portray even a bit of the reflections and forms to understand (ourselves) and produce knowledge, such as from a formation/Education to life, was well used at this ethnographic work. Space to the subjectivity and emotions I had, have, and will have a lot Everything for the dear reader may fell traveling around the world of tradition, resistance / Monocultura da mente... Essa id?ia, apresentada por Vandana Shiva, reflete bem a fase em que temos vivido no mundo: uma no??o de civiliza??o que, desde algumas d?cadas, caracterizada por uma forte onda tecnocr?tica, tem-se mostrado dominante e hegem?nica. Baseada numa padroniza??o de pensar e agir, sentir e desejar, essa onda acaba implicando no que se pode chamar da crise no processo civilizat?rio da humanidade. Destrui??o de modos de vida mais simples e harm?nicos com a natureza, rela??es humanas cada vez mais distantes, fragiliza??o de valores, como o respeito, a bondade e o amor, s?o algumas das conseq??ncias dessa homogeneiza??o comportamental. Observa-se, por outro lado, um arquip?lago de resist?ncia cultural e cognitiva frente a essa onda devastadora. Edgar Morin e Cei?a de Almeida fazem alus?o a esse arquip?lago referindo-se ao Pensamento do Sul , o que n?o se trata de uma quest?o meramente geogr?fica. Referem-se, pois, a alguns lugares, pessoas, ilhas que mant?m costumes e saberes antigos, passados oralmente ou pelo exemplo, dos mais velhos aos mais novos, ou vice-versa, num fluxo quase constante. Formas particulares de sentir o mundo ao seu redor, os homens, os animais, as plantas, as rochas, at? seres n?o-viventes, mestres ou encantados, guias espirituais. Pr?xima a uma l?gica do sens?vel, como prop?e Claude L?vi-Strauss, essa leitura, postura mais atenta, observadora e s?bia do meio, baseia-se no tocar, no cheirar, no comer, no ver, e, acrescento, no sentir. Diante disso, procuro discorrer acerca de certas experi?ncias que tive o prazer de vivenciar em algumas dessas ilhas de resist?ncias. Conversas, percep??es, observa??es, sensa??es... Hist?rias, prosas, poesias, m?sicas, fotografias, desenhos... o que pudesse servir para retratar um pouco das reflex?es e formas de se (auto)conhecer e produzir conhecimento, bem como de uma forma??o/Educa??o para a vida, foi bem utilizado nesta obra etnogr?fica. Espa?o para a subjetividade e emo??es tive/tenho/terei bastante... tudo para que o amigo leitor possa se sentir viajando pelo mundo da tradi??o, da resist?ncia...

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:44:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JasonAM_DISSERT.pdf: 1206570 bytes, checksum: 6ff0e9d810dfe142512fa532ed9d6df2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-21 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Introduction: The emergence of High Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) increase the life expectancy of the persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV), therefore the prolonged use cause metabolic implications and influences on body fat distribution and increase the cardiovascular diseases prevalence. Aims: Evaluate the effect of resistance training on heart rate variability, biochemical parameters and somatotype on PLHIV. Methods: Participated this study seven sedentary men, with age above 25 years old, living with HIV/AIDS, under HAART use. Were submitted a 16 week intervention with resistance training. Evaluated the heart rate variability, biochemical parameters and somatotype, before, after 8 weeks and 16 weeks, all in paired form. It was found the data normality by Shapiro-Wilk test and conducted the Anova one way combined with Tukey post hoc to samples in each evaluate moment, adopting significance level p<0,05. Also were calculated percentage change deltas. For somatotype was used the somatotype spatial distance (DES), obeying the significance value DES&#8805;1. Results: Was found significance differences only in variable final heart rate delta 60s (p=0,01), however, is not showed changes on heart rate variability, biochemical parameters and somatotype components. Conclusion: 16 weeks of resistance training showed improvement on heart rate recovery after submaximal effort and, despite is not enough to produce significance differences on biochemical parameters and somatotype components, could be realize improvement on average value of fasting glucose and lipid profile, as well as reducing the endomorphic component / Introdu??o: O surgimento da terapia antirretroviral altamente ativa (HAART) aumentou a expectativa de vida das pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS (PVHIV), por?m o seu uso prolongado ocasiona implica??es metab?licas e influencia na redistribui??o de gordura corporal e aumento da preval?ncia de doen?as cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do treinamento resistido na variabilidade da frequ?ncia card?aca, par?metros bioqu?micos e somatotipo de PVHIV. M?todos: Participaram do estudo 7 homens sedent?rios, com idade acima de 25 anos, vivendo com HIV/AIDS, sob uso de HAART. Foram submetidos a uma interven??o de 16 semanas com treinamento resistido. Avaliou-se a variabilidade da frequ?ncia card?aca, par?metros bioqu?micos e o somatotipo, inicialmente e ap?s 8 e 16 semanas de interven??o. Todos eles de forma pareada. Constatou-se a normalidade dos dados pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk e realizou-se uma Anova one way combinado ao post hoc de Tukey para as amostras em cada momento de avalia??o adotando um valor de p<0,05. Tamb?m foram calculados deltas de mudan?as percentual. Para o somatotipo utilizou-se a dist?ncia espacial dos somatotipos (DES), obedecendo um valor de signific?ncia de DES&#8805;1. Resultados: Encontrou-se diferen?a significativa, somente para a vari?vel delta da frequ?ncia card?aca final de 60s (p=0,01), no entanto, n?o foram observadas modifica??es na variabilidade de frequ?ncia card?aca, vari?veis bioqu?micas e componentes do somatotipo. Conclus?o: 16 semanas de treinamento resistido demonstrou melhoria na recupera??o da frequ?ncia card?aca ap?s um esfor?o subm?ximo e, apesar de n?o ser suficiente para produzir diferen?as significativas nos par?metros bioqu?micos e nos componentes do somatotipo, p?de-se perceber melhoria nos valores m?dios de glicemia e perfil lip?dico, assim como redu??o do componente de endomorfia