A qualitative, descriptive, exploratory and contextual study was undertaken to explore and describe how clinic nurses practice their role regarding growth development monitoring and anthropometric measurement of children and interpretation of their values. An accessible population of twelve clinic nurses of all categories were purposively recruited to participate in the study. In depth individual interviews were conducted to generate data. Interviews were audio-taped and transcribed by the researcher verbatim. The direct quotes of participants were coded and arranged into meaning units for analysis. Tech’s (1990:142-145) eight steps of analysis to analyse the textual qualitative data as cited by Creswell (2009:186) was used until themes, categories and subcategories were identified and developed. Data analysis was triangulated by using Atlas.ti computer software version 7.0 to organise text, audio data files coding, memos and findings into project files. An independent coder analysed data for validation using content analysis. Data analysis revealed that nurses had challenges in ways of doing practice evidenced by inconsistencies and discrepancies in GDM, APM of children and incorrect interpretation of their values. Non-compliance to protocols from both nurses and parents was a significant finding. Shortage of resources was reported as a major hindrance. Guidelines were formulated to guide clinic nurses. Recommendations were proposed that the matter be taken up by nurse managers, educators and leadership from the Department of Health / Health Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)

The built environment in the old city of Homs has been brutally destroyed by the conflict in Syria. The research gap in post-conflict planning and architectural design in the old city of Homs is alarming as it indicates that there are no clear roadmaps on how to deal with post-conflict housing units in such a historic area. This study aims to investigate the possible design basis of housing typologies and plans for the housing units in the old city after the conflict. This study is primarily based on a literature review and extensive discussions with a specialist architect from the city of Homs, who helped to gain a deeper understanding of how to approach such a topic. The literature review deals with the historical Arab cities’ components and the elements of courtyard houses both in general and in the old city of Homs in particular. Likewise, it looks at the city’s urban plans and building code and their shortcomings and highlights the current conditions there. It also highlights proposed strategies for post-conflict construction and discusses them. The findings of the study propose a design ideology for reconstruction strategies and translate these ideologies and findings from the literature into a practical design of typologies placed on a proposed plot of land in the old city, along with a proposal of what the plans of these houses might look like.

Revitalization of the Regional Language in Provence by the Medium of Calandreta Schools Richard Vacula (Abstract) This thesis focuses on the role of bilingual Calandreta schools in the process of maintenance and revitalisation of the regional language in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Region, France. It is based on empirical research undertaken in form of questionnaires and directed interviews in the place of two existing Provençal Calandretas, Gap and Orange. A sample of the local population and respondents from the area of the two schools has been included in the research. We have studied linguistic behaviour, attitudes towards regional education, and the picture of the schools and the language in question. The results suggest that the public is inclined towards the essentials of the language being taught, however, less so towards bilingual education. The results also show that the potential of the schools observed lies rather in their pedagogical methods. The strong pressure of French is noticeable even on the grounds of the schools. The use of Occitan in everyday communication situations is then somewhat rare. The regional language is noticeably associated with the school environment and is connected with specific contexts. Hence, it is necessary to rate the influence of the Calandreta schools on the real...

The main subject is evaluation of effective use in terms of care (not only within protection of monuments) in order to save and protect industrial heritage. Pointing out on critical issues connected with the end of production of traditional branches which played the key role in historical development of our cities. Nowadays abandoned buildings and sites are represented by memory of the place or its prosperity. New owners often don't share the positive approach to the industrial heritage, developers are seeking new sites, cities and inhabitants have developed new needs through the time. The work will demonstrate examples within European context and will make recommendations in monitoring and classification of industrial heritage to prevent undo able losses.

The northernmost territory of Slovakia. Upper Orava. Immediate neighbors with Poland, the proximity of the border with the Czech Republic. Centre vast and relatively densely populated district (an area of 690, 46 km2 and are home to 60,653 inhabitants). The whole region is a protected area, richly wooded. Right in the city cadastre passes Ramsar protected area. The town lies at the foot of Orava Beskydy, Magura and the banks of the Orava dam, which flooded the western part of the Orava Basin. The district does not rail, relatively dense settlements generates raster-developed road network and frequented suburban bus service. Cities Tvrdošín and Trstená are just 14 km far from Namestovo. Total 24 800 inhabitants combines an attractive route in the Orava Dam whose potential should be multiplied by completing the cycle path. Despite the lower number of inhabitants (8000) Námestovo is the centre a common system of public administration, recreation center, summer festivals and nightlife, the city that attract large numbers of visitors. Addressed area is located at the junction of the center of Namestovo and housing estates - places with the highest concentration of citizens. Meaning a small center of a small town is gaining esteem size of its catchment area. The functions above-urban importance are located in four areas - Square post office Hviezdoslava to the commercial zone, shops and services. Námestie A. Bernoláka - administration and authorities Lower Shores - health, industrial zone - centered manufacturing and service jobs in manufacturing. Out ff these sites two are located in solved area - commercial and health. Despite its importance, its appearance, depiction of a character does not correspond to his post. Absent are deeper expression, grasping and subsequent use of public space, and the concept of long-term strategy.

Young people are a central group in revitalisation efforts that aim to turn the tide of language shift for speakers of endangered languages. In the context of the five national minorities of Sweden, this thesis looks at the motivation of young Sweden Finns to participate in or lead revitalisation efforts for Finnish in Sweden. The study circles in beginner’s Finnish organised by the Sweden Finnish Youth Organisation provide a point of entry into the way young people plan and adapt revitalisation efforts to the needs of other young people. Along with a study of materials pertaining to the study circles, five young people have been interviewed about their participation in or leadership of the study circles, or their involvement in the Sweden Finnish Youth organisation. Grin’s (1990) COD model has been used to explore the relationship between motivation (Desire) and the Sweden Finnish context. The study found that the study circles have been adapted to the needs and desires of young people on several levels. It also found that identity, a practical and emotional need for the Finnish language, an awareness of the situation for the national minorities in Sweden, and the acceptance of varying goals and non-standard varieties of Finnish, play important roles in young people’s motivation to learn Finnish and participate in or lead revitalisation efforts.

Ce mémoire de maîtrise en aménagement du territoire et développement régional (M.ATDR) s’intéresse à un cas d’étude à Québec pour analyser les transformations de la gouverne de l’action publique via le concept d’expérimentation locale. Le projet pilote de réfection de la rue Anna, réalisé dans le quartier Saint-Sauveur par la Ville de Québec de 2014 à 2016, a fourni l’opportunité aux citoyens et intervenants locaux de s’exprimer quant à la manière dont ils voulaient que la rue soit refaite. Parallèlement, les services municipaux impliqués ont expérimenté différentes façons de collaborer entre eux pour améliorer l’environnement urbain et agir sur certains impacts des changements climatiques. Le cas d’étude se distingue puisqu’il semble en partie répondre à des demandes citoyennes antérieures dans l’arrondissement de La-Cité-Limoilou. Un certain nombre de questions sont conséquemment soulevées. Comment les demandes citoyennes en faveur de réfections de rues intégrées ont-elles été reçues et traitées par l’administration municipale ? Ont-elles exercé une influence sur les pratiques conventionnelles de la Ville de Québec ? Devant l’opportunité d’intervenir directement dans leur cadre de vie, les citoyens consultés ont-ils adhéré d’emblée à des options différentes de ce qui est habituellement réalisé ? La réfection de la rue Anna est explicitement abordée sous l’angle expérimental par la Ville de Québec : le projet est destiné à évaluer la pertinence d’une démarche participative et intégrée, c’est-à-dire intersectorielle au sein de l’appareil municipal, pour contribuer à la lutte au phénomène d’îlots de chaleur urbains. Nous abordons aussi la manière dont le discours technique de certains citoyens a pu marquer les esprits et réussir à percoler dans l’administration municipale. En ce sens, la mobilisation citoyenne aux marges des institutions est un élément central de notre cadre théorique. Ces deux perspectives, l’une municipale et l’autre citoyenne, sont étudiées à partir de la notion d’expérimentation locale dans le domaine des interventions relatives à l’adaptation aux changements climatiques. En observant comment ces phénomènes s’articulent, nous tentons d’en saisir les effets sur la décision publique en aménagement. Jusqu’à quel point y a-t-il un lien entre des mobilisations citoyennes et la volonté apparente de la Ville de Québec de concevoir l’aménagement des rues d’une façon intégrée et participative ? Mots-clés : expérimentation, gouvernance, rues, revitalisation, citoyens, professionnels, conseillers municipaux, verdissement, îlots de chaleur, changements climatiques. / This master’s thesis in territory planning and regional development is founded on a case study in Quebec city in order to analyse the transformations of public action governance with the concept of local experimentation. The project of renovation for Anna street, realized from 2014 to 2016 in the Sauveur neighborhood, provided the opportunity for citizens and local actors to express themselves about how they wanted the street to be built again. At the same time, the municipal services involved experimented new ways to collaborate, in a context of general reflexion about improving the urban environment and act on certain impacts of climate change. This case study stands out because it seems to answer, at least partially, citizen claims expressed before in the borough of La-Cité-Limoilou. A certain number of questions are consequently raised. How citizen claims in favor of integrated street renovations have been received and treated by the municipal administration ? Have they exerted influence on conventional practises of territory planning in Quebec City ? Faced with the opportunity to intervene directly in their urban environment, have the citizens supported spontaneously different options than what is usually realised ? The pilot project for the renovation of Anna street is explicitly considered from the experimental angle by Quebec City officials : it is intended to assess the relevance of a participative and integrated approach, i.e. intersectorial in the municipal administration, to help tackle the urban heat island phenomenon. We consider particularly how the technical language of some citizens made an impression and successfully percolated through local institutions. In this regard, marginal citizen mobilisation is a central element of our theoretical framework. These two perspectives, from the municipal institution on and from the citizens, are studied here in regards to the concept of local experimentation in the sphere of climate change adaptation interventions. While observig how these initiatives articulate themselves, we try to understand their effect on public decision-making in urban planning. Up to what extent is there a link between citizen mobilizations and the apparent will of Quebec City’s officials to shift towards a more integrated and participative way of making streets different ? Keywords : experimentation, governance, streets, revitalization, citizens, professionals, city officials, greening, urban heat islands, climate change.

INTIMIDATION AS A FACTOR IN THE LIBERATION STRUGGLE OF SOUTH AFRICA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BELA BELA (WARMBATHS): AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE The cultural revitalisation or adjustment model of Anthony Wallace provides a basis for interpreting religious, political and other revitalisation movements. This study focuses on political revitalisation movements. Participation in the activities of revitalisation movements does not always occur voluntarily. Leaders of such movements apply techniques and methods of intimidation enforcing change and participation. In South Africa, political revitalisation was inter alia brought about by the ANC as political liberation movement who used methods of violent and non-violent intimidation to force people, regardless of their ethnic affiliation, to support the movement and enforce political change. The ANC inter alia used charactersitic cultural phenomena and components of Bantu-speakers as resources for intimidation to ensure unanimity, participation and ultimately to achieve political liberation. Cultural components that were exploited included communality, group solidarity, administration of justice, songs and dances. / INTIMIDASIE AS 'N FAKTOR IN DIE VRYHEIDSTRYD IN SUID-AFRIKA MET SPESIALE VERWYSING NA BELA BELA (WARMBAD): 'N ANTROPOLOGIESE PERSPEK.TIEF Kulturele vernuwmg ts 'n universele verskynsel. Anthony Wallace se model van kulturele vernuwing of -aanpassing bied 'n raamwerk vir die verduideliking en interpretasie van die fases waardeur kulturele vernuwingsbewegings van 'n godsdienstige, politieke of ander aard ontwikkel. In hierdie studie word daar uitsluitlik gefokus op vernuwingsbewegings van 'n politieke aard. Aangesien deelname aan die aktiwiteite van kulturele vernuwings- en aanpassingsbewegings nie noodwendig vrywillig geskied nie, het leiers van hierdie bewegings gebruik gemaak van tegnieke en metodes van intimidasie om deelname en vernuwing op die massas af te dwing. In SuidAfrika is politieke vernuwing onder andere teweeggebring deur die ANC as politieke bevrydingsbeweging. Die ANC het gebruik gemaak van gewelddadige (harde of direkte) sowel as nie-geweldadige (sagte of indirekte) intimidasie om mense, ongeag hulle etniese aanhorigheid, te dwing om die beweging se oogmerke aktief te ondersteun om politieke verandering te weeg te bring. As dee! van die strategie om deur intimidasie mense tot deelname aan massa-aksies soos optogte, betogings en massa-vergaderings te dwing, het die ANC gebruik gemaak van bepaalde kultuur verskynsels en -komponente wat eie is aan die lewensbeskouinge en lewenswyse van Bantoe-sprekendes. Kultuurkomponente wat suksesvol benut is deur die leiers en lede van bevrydingsbewegings omvat, onder andere verskynsels soos kommunaliteit, groep solidariteit, die regspraak, liedere en danse. Hierdie kultuurkomponente en verskynsels is verander en aangepas om ten eerste eenheid en deelname te bewerkstellig en te verseker en uiteindelik om die hoofdoelwit van politieke bevryding te bereik. / Anthropology and Archaeology / M.A. (Anthropology)

INTIMIDATION AS A FACTOR IN THE LIBERATION STRUGGLE OF SOUTH AFRICA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BELA BELA (WARMBATHS): AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE The cultural revitalisation or adjustment model of Anthony Wallace provides a basis for interpreting religious, political and other revitalisation movements. This study focuses on political revitalisation movements. Participation in the activities of revitalisation movements does not always occur voluntarily. Leaders of such movements apply techniques and methods of intimidation enforcing change and participation. In South Africa, political revitalisation was inter alia brought about by the ANC as political liberation movement who used methods of violent and non-violent intimidation to force people, regardless of their ethnic affiliation, to support the movement and enforce political change. The ANC inter alia used charactersitic cultural phenomena and components of Bantu-speakers as resources for intimidation to ensure unanimity, participation and ultimately to achieve political liberation. Cultural components that were exploited included communality, group solidarity, administration of justice, songs and dances. / INTIMIDASIE AS 'N FAKTOR IN DIE VRYHEIDSTRYD IN SUID-AFRIKA MET SPESIALE VERWYSING NA BELA BELA (WARMBAD): 'N ANTROPOLOGIESE PERSPEK.TIEF Kulturele vernuwmg ts 'n universele verskynsel. Anthony Wallace se model van kulturele vernuwing of -aanpassing bied 'n raamwerk vir die verduideliking en interpretasie van die fases waardeur kulturele vernuwingsbewegings van 'n godsdienstige, politieke of ander aard ontwikkel. In hierdie studie word daar uitsluitlik gefokus op vernuwingsbewegings van 'n politieke aard. Aangesien deelname aan die aktiwiteite van kulturele vernuwings- en aanpassingsbewegings nie noodwendig vrywillig geskied nie, het leiers van hierdie bewegings gebruik gemaak van tegnieke en metodes van intimidasie om deelname en vernuwing op die massas af te dwing. In SuidAfrika is politieke vernuwing onder andere teweeggebring deur die ANC as politieke bevrydingsbeweging. Die ANC het gebruik gemaak van gewelddadige (harde of direkte) sowel as nie-geweldadige (sagte of indirekte) intimidasie om mense, ongeag hulle etniese aanhorigheid, te dwing om die beweging se oogmerke aktief te ondersteun om politieke verandering te weeg te bring. As dee! van die strategie om deur intimidasie mense tot deelname aan massa-aksies soos optogte, betogings en massa-vergaderings te dwing, het die ANC gebruik gemaak van bepaalde kultuur verskynsels en -komponente wat eie is aan die lewensbeskouinge en lewenswyse van Bantoe-sprekendes. Kultuurkomponente wat suksesvol benut is deur die leiers en lede van bevrydingsbewegings omvat, onder andere verskynsels soos kommunaliteit, groep solidariteit, die regspraak, liedere en danse. Hierdie kultuurkomponente en verskynsels is verander en aangepas om ten eerste eenheid en deelname te bewerkstellig en te verseker en uiteindelik om die hoofdoelwit van politieke bevryding te bereik. / Anthropology and Archaeology / M.A. (Anthropology)