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A deductive, descriptive, quanitative study was undertaken at Nyangabgwe Hospital, Francistown, Botswana, situated in the north east of the country. Its focus was on the use of partogram by midwives. The population consisted of 395 obstetric records for the period of one month. A sample of 303 obstetrics records was drawn. Data were collected through auditing the bed letters of delivered mothers and interviews with and observation of midwives using the partogram in practice. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program was used to analyse the data. The findings indicate that there are problems regarding, and factors that can have a negative influence on the use of the partogram by midwives. It is suggested that a supportive teaching programme for the midwives should be designed, that will support the system of supervision in the labour ward that already exists, in the use of the partogram throughout the labour process. / Health Studies / M.A. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)

xv, 142 p. : ill. (some col.) / Young Latina women are at risk for unwanted pregnancy and sexually-transmitted infections. Researchers have suggested that factors such as self-efficacy and relationship power dynamics may contribute to difficulty in negotiating safe sex practices. For women in heterosexual relationships, the most common prevention practice--condom use--requires partner cooperation. Sociocultural variables related to gender role socialization can adversely affect a woman's ability to negotiate condom use. I developed and tested a model of sociocultural predictors of Latina women's safe sex practices. The predictors included ethnic identity, acculturation, womanist identity, gender role attitudes, sexual self-efficacy, and sexual relationship power. I surveyed 210 young adult Latina women via an online survey that was disseminated across the United States via social networking websites and email. I used path analysis to investigate the fit of the hypothesized model with the data, first to predict condom use and second to predict sexual history exploration. Results indicated that the hypothesized model predicting the safe sex practice of exploring a partner's sexual history had a good fit to the data, whereas the model predicting condom use did not provide an adequate fit to the data. These findings suggest that young adult Latinas' exploration of a partner's sexual history is more likely to occur when women have stronger ethnic identity and womanist identity, more egalitarian gender role attitudes, and higher levels of partner dominance and control in their relationship. The model accounted for 16% of the variance in sexual history exploration. Although the variance explained was low, this model is still informative of the factors that contribute to sexual history exploration. Exploring a potential partner's history is an important aspect of safe sex practices that can have major implications for healthy sexual decision-making. Understanding an individual's cultural identity via ethnic and womanist identity, as well as considering sociocultural (e.g., gender role attitudes) and interpersonal (e.g., relationship power) factors, can inform prevention efforts that will contribute to safe sex behavioral outcomes. Other factors that may contribute to safe sex practice outcomes that were not accounted for by the models are noted. Implications for practice and future research are discussed. / Committee in charge: Dr. Ellen H. McWhirter, Chairperson; Dr. Linda Forrest, Member; Dr. Joseph Stevens, Member; Dr. Lynn Fujiwara, Outside Member

The purpose of the study was to explore factors that influenced safer sex practices in Malawi. A quantitative, explorative, descriptive study was conducted to determine why the prevalence of new HIV infections was still high in Malawi despite. Questionnaires were used to collect data. Sexually active men, women, boys and girls that participated in the Centre for Human Rights and Rehabilitation community awareness activities participated in this study. The study found that demographic, socio-economic and knowledge-related factors influence safer sex practices in Malawi. Various modifying factors played a role in influencing the individuals’ perception of susceptibility, severity, barriers and benefits of practising safer sex. The findings indicated that individuals generally had a broad knowledge of the spread and prevention of HIV. The Health Belief Model was used as theoretical framework for the study / Health Studies

Uppsatsen behandlar attityder och upplevd trygghet i frågor rörande kameraövervakning och intelligenta övervakningssystem (via sk intelligenta IT-system). En enkätstudie delades via bl.a. sociala medier och totalt besvarades den av 104 respondenter. Ställningstaganden i påståendena kring de olika formerna av övervakning analyseras sedan i SPSS efter ålder, kön, utbildning och inkomst för att granska om det finns olika attityder i olika grupper. Teorin som används i uppsatsen är främst Garlands teori om bland annat den ökade kontrollen i det senmoderna samhället samt om övervakningssystemets ökade komplexitet. Analysen visar på en generellt positiv attityd till såväl kameraövervakning som användande av intelligenta IT-system. Kameraövervakning ansåg majoriteten (65,4%) bidrog till ökad trygghet i offentliga miljöer och även 49,1 % ansåg att användningen av intelligenta IT-system skulle bidra med ökad trygghet i offentliga miljöer. Män generellt och framförallt i åldern 25-44 år tenderar att inte vara lika positiva eller uppleva trygghet vid användning av kameraövervakning eller intelligenta IT-system. Av analysen framkom även en ökad positiv attityd med ökad inkomst samt en ökad positiv attityd med ökad ålder. Flera olika aspekter av denna positiva attityd diskuteras i anslutning till tidigare forskning och frågor rörande integritet, datahantering, vilka brott man avser förebygga samt ur ett maktperspektiv.

A relatively new academic field, a highly increasing phenomenon: the recruitment of children in armed groups. Previous research has highlighted the importance of education in the prevention of child recruitment. However, I argue that the already established negative relationship between education and child recruitment is incomplete as education can also positively affect child recruitment. Therefore, it is important to look under which circumstances education decreases the likelihood of child recruitment. No previous research has systematically introduced a theory of the security field into the educational research field while explaining the phenomena of child recruitment. This thesis argues that the security provision in an educational institution is of importance, as a safe learning space can prevent child recruitment through deterrence and empowerment. Using data on Colombian municipalities in 2016, this research aims to statistically investigate the role of security in an educational institution in decreasing the likelihood of child recruitment. This thesis finds that when controlling for displacement, presence of armed groups, poverty, population and rurality, the unexpected outcome that the presence of safe learning spaces, measured through boarding schools, is positively correlated with child recruitment.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:55:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 113243.pdf: 8299441 bytes, checksum: ac9509fd955090ab9ec0e9f183c05805 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work has the objective of analyzing the Master Plan and Flood Management Plan of the Municipality of Rio do Sul - SC, from the perspective of disaster risk management and insurance planning. Desiring to contribute with the presentation of methodologies and tools to be applied in managing disaster risk, highlighting the importance of planning their actions, but also with the Municipal Master Plans and Regional pointing mechanisms controlling land use in hazardous areas urban and measures to prevent or mitigate disasters. The guiding concepts used as a theoretical and theme are the management of disaster risks, safe territory, master plan and management plan or flood contingency plan. The investigative approach is qualitative, participant observation, semi structured interviews, thematic maps. From the literature sought to identify elements of risk management and disaster safe territory present the plans and how they can prevent or mitigate flooding. The fragility of the South River before the flood is very large, because of their socio-spatial conformation, presenting an adversarial relationship. Rio do Sul is a municipality that has a high degree of risk of flooding, and then only with proper planning can provide the population quality of life and territorial security, ready to face the adverse events through which resilience is the ability to learn from past events to better prepare for the future. The integration of the administrative structure of the city at a glance on disaster risk management in all sectors facilitates the articulation of public policies on risk management, and that this is a priority regional, municipal or local. Given these considerations Rio do Sul is a safe territory disaster? / Esta dissertação tem o objetivo de analisar o Plano Diretor Municipal e o Plano de Gerenciamento de Enchentes do Município de Rio do Sul - SC, sob a perspectiva da gestão de riscos de desastres e do território seguro. Pretende-se contribuir com a apresentação de metodologias e ferramentas a serem aplicadas na gestão de riscos de desastres, evidenciando a importância do planejamento de suas ações, como também com os Planos Diretores Municipais e Regionais e apontar mecanismos de controle de ocupação do solo nas áreas de risco, bem como medidas urbanísticas que previnam ou mitiguem os desastres. As categorias norteadoras utilizadas como referencial teórico-temático são as de gestão de riscos de desastres, território seguro, plano diretor e plano de gerenciamento de enchentes ou plano de contingências. A abordagem investigatória é qualitativa, integrada pela observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas e mapas temáticos. A partir da literatura buscou-se identificar elementos de gestão de riscos de desastres e de território seguro presentes nos planos e o modo como estes podem prevenir ou mitigar as enchentes. A fragilidade de Rio do Sul diante das enchentes é muito grande, em virtude de sua localização e conformação socioespacial, apresentando uma relação conflituosa. Rio do Sul é um município que apresenta um alto grau de risco de enchentes e, assim, somente com planejamento adequado poderá oferecer a população qualidade de vida e segurança territorial para enfrentar os eventos adversos por meio de resiliência, que é a capacidade de aprender com os eventos passados para melhor se preparar para o futuro. A integração da estrutura administrativa da prefeitura. Percebe-se em um olhar sobre gestão de riscos de desastres que a integração da estrutura administrativa em todos os setores, facilita a articulação de políticas públicas de gestão de riscos, e que essa seja uma prioridade regional, municipal ou local. Diante destas considerações, Rio do Sul é um território seguro de desastres?

Une ligne de recherche présente dans la littérature depuis les années soixante est celle des \emph{théorèmes de représentation}. Son résultat fondateur est le théorème de Chomsky--Schützenberger qui stipule qu'un langage est algébrique si et seulement si il est l'image par homomorphisme de l'intersection entre un langage régulier et le langage de Dyck. Ce résultat a connu depuis diverses généralisations à différentes familles de langages. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons plusieurs généralisations de ce résultat aux langages d'ordres supérieurs. En particulier, nous introduisons une notion de langages de Dyck d'ordres supérieurs, nous définissons et étudions des classes de transductions que nous qualifions d'$\varepsilon$-sûres et nous montrons qu'un langage appartient à un niveau $k+l$ de la hiérarchie des ordres supérieurs si et seulement si il est l'image d'un langage de Dyck de niveau $k$ par une transductions $\varepsilon$-sûre de niveau $l$. Ces résultats nous permettent aussi d'obtenir d'autres types de caractérisations tels que des caractérisations logiques. / Amongst the classical results of the language theory, one can cite the known characterization of algebraic languages proved by Chomsky and Schützenberger and which states that a language is algebraic if and only if it is the homomorphic image of a regular set intersected with the Dyck language. This result has opened a new line of research and defined a new type of characterizations known as \emph{representation theorems}. In this thesis, we prove various representation theorems for the higher order languages hierarchy. In particular, we introduce a notion of higher order Dyck languages and a hierarchy of classes of transductions that we call $\varepsilon$-stable (or $\varepsilon$-safe) transductions and we prove that a language belongs to some level $k+l$ of the higher order hierarchy if and only if it can be represented as the image of a level-$k$ Dyck language by a level-$l$ $\varepsilon$-stable transduction. These representations also allow us to approach other types of characterizations such as logical characterizations.

This thesis deals with company capital structure, that is characterized according to methods of horizontal and vertical analysis. Then it deals with prices of particular capital items, costs for capital and influeces on business performance, it means with the calculation of economic value added. Theoretical part describes capital structure items in general, prices of particular items of capital, costs for capital and particular methods for EVA calculation, it means both EVA entity and EVA equity. Practical part characterizes individual items of capital structure and application of chosen model, that is the second model for EVA calculation {--} EVA equity {--} on a concrete company. This calculation was processed through benchmarking on websides of Departement of industry and Trade. The model was applicated on a company, that deals with production of motor and joining vehicles, machines production, machineries production and means of transport repairs {--} ČZ, a.s.

The main intention of this thesis was to monitor the activities of nurses as risk managers in selected healthcare facilities. The first objective was to map the current state of accreditation procedures in the Czech Republic, the number of accredited facilities and the types of accreditation. Another objective was to find out in which healthcare facilities there is a nurse as a risk manager or who has the responsibility of a risk manager in healthcare facilities. The third objective was to explore the activities of nurses - risk managers. To achieve these objectives, the following research questions were set: 1st What is the current state of accreditation procedures in the Czech Republic? 2nd In which accredited facilities there is a nurse - a risk manager? 3rd research question: What are the activities and roles of a nurse - a risk manager? (What activities nurses carry out in the performance of their duties; whether nurses feel a change in the provision of nursing care; which risks and incidents nurses encounter in their facilities and what are their solutions; what is the level of communication between the parties in the risk management process in a given facility; which benefits are seen in risk management). The research was conducted with respondents from those healthcare facilities that were willing to cooperate. The research conducted is a qualitative one. The respondents underwent interviews according to the structure of categorized questions. Subsequently, transcripts of the interviews were made as well as the analysis and categorization of the data was carried out and presented in tables under the framework analysis according to Ritchie and Spencer. The research revealed the answers to the research questions. In no of the facilities that have responded to the questions there is a nurse with the function of a risk manager. Activities within the risk management are taken over by staff at other positions, mostly quality managers, head nurses or auditors. Detailed proportion of these functions is clearly presented in the accompanying graphs. Research question 3 yielded a great number of responses. For example, nurses who have competence in risk management play mainly the roles of communicators, defenders, authors, auditors and mentors. In exercising their functions, they have observed changes, as compared with the past, in the responsibilities of nurses, patient activity, greater transparency, the quality and safety of the care provided. They describe in detail the risks and incidents which they have met at their workplaces, and how they have been solved. The respondents see the advantages of risk management in the fact that it is a good tool for defending not only patients but also nurses themselves; that it is a tool to increase responsibilities and activities of patients and to improve the quality and safety of the care provided. All the responses are clearly presented in tables and confronted with the knowledge derived from professional literature and our own experience. The results of the thesis can be provided to the healthcare facilities where the research has been carried out; it could be provided to competent institutions and also, in the form of an informative brochure, to nurses and other healthcare personnel. We would suggest a higher level of education about risk management potential. Our suggestions also include changes to legislation - powers, the establishment of clear procedures and rules, and the regulation of education in risk management so that implementation of this tool is unified and becomes accessible to all facilities.