Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2016-06-10T14:27:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Valberto Alves de Azevedo Filho.pdf: 400610 bytes, checksum: a29a0aa077dd8b49492d3ccf04175141 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-10T14:27:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valberto Alves de Azevedo Filho.pdf: 400610 bytes, checksum: a29a0aa077dd8b49492d3ccf04175141 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-17 / The present paper intends to inquire the national policy behind trademarks on the ground of nonconventional symbols, from trademark history to a comparative analysis between Brazil¿s law system and the United States of America¿s, along side the international treatises which Brazil is bound by, such as the Paris Convention and TRIPS. Throughout this comparison, the work will show how Brazilian law system disrespects its own Constitution, and goes the other way from the international regulation of trademarks when restricts its protections only to symbols that are visual perceived, letting behind other kinds of symbols which accomplish the same goals. As a result, the paper proposes changes in Brazilian law to protect these nonconventional symbols (as to say, nonvisual symbols) in order to reach an harmony with the international law, no matter how these symbols can be perceived. By protecting such nonconventional symbols, fair trade will be assured and more consumers will be included in the market, as they have the right to be informed about the different products and services offered to them. / O presente estudo busca inquirir a política nacional de proteção jurídica das marcas, tendo em perspectiva os sinais não convencionais, partindo de sua evolução histórica à análise comparativa de regulamentação jurídica com os Estados Unidos da América (EUA) e com importantes tratados internacionais do qual o Brasil é signatário, a exemplo da Convenção da União de Paris e o Acordo sobre aspectos dos direitos de propriedade intelectual relacionados ao comércio ¬¿ TRIPS. A partir desse cotejo, buscar-se-á destacar que a legislação brasileira, ao resumir o sinal protegido como marca apenas aos visualmente perceptíveis, olvida do tratamento constitucional e internacional dado a matéria, e com isso deixa órfão de proteção outros signos que possuem forma de apresentação distinta, mas não deixam de cumprir as funções axiais do instituto. Diante disso, mostrar-se-á a necessidade de reforma da legislação para, em harmonia com o direito constitucional e internacional, proteger outros sinais suficientemente distintivos, independente da sua forma de apresentação sensorial. Protegendo esses diferentes sinais, estar-se-á melhor tutelando a concorrência, promovendo maior inclusão e exaltando os direitos do consumidor, que, entre outras prerrogativas, possui o direito de ter acesso a informação suficiente e clara sobre os diferentes produtos e serviços colocados no mercado.

Health and feeding outcomes for preterm infants depend upon healthcare providers’ ability to recognize non-verbal signs of distress during bottle-feeding. Methods of training future providers’ to interpret feeding behavior in preterm infants are unclear. This study used a pre-test/post-test design to compare the effects of in- vivo simulation and video-simulation training on students’ knowledge of feeding abnormalities, clinical judgment, and documentation accuracy. Fifty-two graduate level speech-language pathology students were assigned to the in-vivo (N= 27) or video-simulation (N= 25) group. Results revealed that both methods proved beneficial for increasing knowledge and clinical judgment skills. Participants trained using video-simulation training documented a greater number of distress signs. The use of patient simulators to train graduate level speech-language pathology students to use correct clinical judgment for managing abnormal feeding behavior is efficacious.

Improving the efficiency of traffic operations along arterials is currently a priority for many agencies as their roadway infrastructure is built out to the largest possible capacity within the urban environment. Many advanced systems are being implemented to optimize traffic signal timing. Air quality is typically not a consideration when these decisions are made. The relationship between exposure to air pollution and traffic signal timing has not been fully explored by other researchers. This study is the first research effort to combine detailed traffic signal timing data (at 5 second intervals) and air pollutant exposure data. Results show that longer green time along the busy arterial reduces pollutant levels, while increased volume per cycle increases pollutant levels. This research quantifies the factors that contribute to pedestrian, bicyclist, and transit user exposure at a busy intersection along an urban arterial. The factors include traffic signal timing, weather related variables, traffic volumes, and heavy vehicle and bus presence. Additionally, the impact of an adaptive traffic signal system on air quality is assessed to understand the implications of signal timing on air pollutant exposure.

While multiple Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn veterans suffer from mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI), Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and co-morbid mTBI and PTSD, there remains difficulty disentangling the specific symptoms associated with each disorder using self-report and neurocognitive assessments. We propose that neurological soft signs (NSS), which are tasks associated with general neurologic compromise, may prove useful in this regard. Based on our review of the literature we hypothesized that individuals with PTSD would present with a greater number of NSS than controls or individuals with mTBI. Further, we hypothesized a synergistic effect, such that individuals with mTBI + PTSD would present with the greatest number of NSS. To test these hypotheses, we analyzed a subset of individuals (N=238) taken from a larger study of neurocognitive functioning in veterans. Participants completed a battery of neuropsychological measures, which included the Behavioral Dyscontrol Scale (BDS), the current study’s measure of NSS. A subset of other neuropsychological measures were also included to examine the utility of NSS over and above traditional neuropsychological measures. Individuals were removed from the study if they sustained a moderate/severe TBI or did not meet validity criteria on the Green’s Word Memory Test or the Negative Impression Management subscale of the Personality Assessment Inventory. Binomial logistic and multinomial logistic regression were used to examine the ability of NSS to discriminate between the study groups, first by themselves and then after the variance explained by the traditional neuropsychological measures was accounted for. Exploratory cluster analyses were performed on neuropsychological measures and NSS to identify profiles of cognitive performance in the data set. Results indicated that individuals in the mTBI and/or PTSD group had more NSS compared to controls. Of the individual NSS items only a go/no-go task of the BDS discriminated between groups, with worse performance among individuals in the mTBI, PTSD, and mTBI + PTSD group compared to controls. In contrast, the overall BDS score and individual NSS, in general, did not discriminate between the mTBI, PTSD, and mTBI + PTSD group. Overall, the current study suggests that, when eliminating participants who do not meet validity criteria, NSS do not aid in discriminating between individuals with mTBI, PTSD, and mTBI + PTSD.

<p>The purpose of the paper is to examine how teachers in preschool is working with language stimulation for the prevention of difficulties in reading and writing before school starts. The method that was used to illuminate the problem is a qualitative interview. A specialpedagog and six preschool teacher, which is specifically focused on language stimulation in the work with children, have been included in the study. The results indicated that preschool teacher are working a lot with language stimulation. They work mostly with children throughout the group, to encourage and provide children with the tools to be able to communicate with each other and staff. Decks language are used in daily activities. The form of language stimulation creates the conditions for participation and activity, where children are stimulated by each other. Student teachers stressed that <em>signs as a support</em> is something good to work with at nursery, because it gives all the children a chance to communicate. It appears that preschool teatcher want to work more consciously with language stimulation for the prevention of reading and writingproblems and thereby affect the whole child's development positively. In my literature review it is shown that previous researches have reached similar results. Something that is highlighted in the literature are that <em>signs as a support</em> increased opportunities for communication. It could involve children, who, for various reasons do not have access to the Swedish language, such as small children who have not yet developed the language, children with bad hearing or immigrant children.</p> / <p>Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur pedagoger i förskolan arbetar med språkstimulering för att förebygga läs- och skrivsvårigheter inför skolstarten. Metoden som har använts för att belysa problemområdet är kvalitativ intervju. En specialpedagog och sex förskollärare, som är speciellt inriktad på språkstimulering i arbetet med barnen, har ingått i studien. I resultaten framkommer att pedagoger arbetar en hel del med språkstimulering. De arbetar oftast med hela barngruppen, för att stimulera och ge barnen verktyg till att kunna kommunicera med varandra och personalen. Språklekar används i den dagliga verksamheten. Den formen av språkstimulering skapar förutsättningar för deltagande och aktivitet, där barnen stimuleras av varandra. Pedagogerna framhåller att, <em>tecken som stöd</em> är någonting bra att arbeta med på förskolor, eftersom det ger alla barn en chans att kommunicera. Det framkommer att pedagogerna vill arbeta mer medvetet med språkstimulering för att förebygga läs- och skrivsvårigheter och därigenom påverka hela barnets utveckling positivt. I min litteraturstudie har tidigare forskning kommit fram till liknande resultat. Någonting som framhålls i litteraturen är, <em>tecken som stöd,</em> för att skapa ökade möjligheter för kommunikation. Det kan gälla barn, som av olika skäl inte har tillgång till det svenska språket, exempelvis små barn som ännu inte utvecklat språket, barn som hör dåligt eller invandrarbarn.</p>

The purpose of the paper is to examine how teachers in preschool is working with language stimulation for the prevention of difficulties in reading and writing before school starts. The method that was used to illuminate the problem is a qualitative interview. A specialpedagog and six preschool teacher, which is specifically focused on language stimulation in the work with children, have been included in the study. The results indicated that preschool teacher are working a lot with language stimulation. They work mostly with children throughout the group, to encourage and provide children with the tools to be able to communicate with each other and staff. Decks language are used in daily activities. The form of language stimulation creates the conditions for participation and activity, where children are stimulated by each other. Student teachers stressed that signs as a support is something good to work with at nursery, because it gives all the children a chance to communicate. It appears that preschool teatcher want to work more consciously with language stimulation for the prevention of reading and writingproblems and thereby affect the whole child's development positively. In my literature review it is shown that previous researches have reached similar results. Something that is highlighted in the literature are that signs as a support increased opportunities for communication. It could involve children, who, for various reasons do not have access to the Swedish language, such as small children who have not yet developed the language, children with bad hearing or immigrant children. / Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur pedagoger i förskolan arbetar med språkstimulering för att förebygga läs- och skrivsvårigheter inför skolstarten. Metoden som har använts för att belysa problemområdet är kvalitativ intervju. En specialpedagog och sex förskollärare, som är speciellt inriktad på språkstimulering i arbetet med barnen, har ingått i studien. I resultaten framkommer att pedagoger arbetar en hel del med språkstimulering. De arbetar oftast med hela barngruppen, för att stimulera och ge barnen verktyg till att kunna kommunicera med varandra och personalen. Språklekar används i den dagliga verksamheten. Den formen av språkstimulering skapar förutsättningar för deltagande och aktivitet, där barnen stimuleras av varandra. Pedagogerna framhåller att, tecken som stöd är någonting bra att arbeta med på förskolor, eftersom det ger alla barn en chans att kommunicera. Det framkommer att pedagogerna vill arbeta mer medvetet med språkstimulering för att förebygga läs- och skrivsvårigheter och därigenom påverka hela barnets utveckling positivt. I min litteraturstudie har tidigare forskning kommit fram till liknande resultat. Någonting som framhålls i litteraturen är, tecken som stöd, för att skapa ökade möjligheter för kommunikation. Det kan gälla barn, som av olika skäl inte har tillgång till det svenska språket, exempelvis små barn som ännu inte utvecklat språket, barn som hör dåligt eller invandrarbarn.

Abstract The aim of the studie was to investigate if the Pediatric Early Warning Score system, PEWS, is an useful instrument on a children's inpatient ward, regarding the detecting of deterioration in children's vital signs. For this, a quantitative descriptive design with qualitative elements was used. Method: Study specific questionnaires were distributed to 86 persons (helpnurses, nurses and doctors). Of these, 36 answered and sent back the surveys. Results: Of 36 responses 25 felt experienced a faster detection of deterioration of vital signs in the child. Many felt that they had faster response from the physician on call by providing an assessment figure of the child's condition. Conclusion: Most of the persons experienced that the use of the assessment intrument PEWS detected a deterioration of the child´s vital signs earlier than before using the instrument. Staff experienced greater security in their work when they had a tool to help and they also experienced an earlier response from physicians. / SAMMANFATTNING   Syftet med studien var att undersöka om bedömningsinstrumentet Pediatric Early Warning Score, PEWS, är till användning och vägledning på barnavdelning med avseende att upptäcka försämring av barns vitalparametrar. För detta användes en beskrivande kvantitativ design med kvalitativa inslag. Metod: Ett studiespecifikt enkätformulär gick ut till 86 personer (undersköterskor, sjuksköterskor och läkare på två pediatriska vårdavdelningar). Av dessa besvarades 36 enkäter. Resultat: Av 36 svarande ansåg 25 att man snabbare upptäckte försämring av vitalparametrarna hos barnet. Många ansåg att de fick snabbare gensvar från jourläkare genom att uppge en bedömningssiffra över barnets hälsotillstånd. Slutsats: Med hjälp av bedömningsinstrumentet PEWS upplevde personalen att en upptäckt av försämring av barnets vitalparametrar gjordes tidigare, samt att gensvar från jourläkare erhölls snabbare. Personalen upplevde en ökad trygghet i sitt arbete då man hade ett arbetsredskap till hjälp.

Syfte:                     Syftet med uppsatsen är att beskriva, analysera samt tillhandahålla rekommendationer om huruvida stimulans av sinnena, leder till att kundernas beslutsfattande förändras genom taktil beröring. Vi vill med hjälp av en empirisk studie klargöra om kunder ändrar sitt känselbeteende efter att sinnet syn blivit påverkat.   Metod:                   Uppsats är baserad på en kvantitativ metod med en deduktiv ansats. Arbetet kretsar kring de experiment som utförts med tillhörande kundintervjuer på heminredningsavdelningen på Åhléns i Kalmar. Hypoteser har formats ur instuderad teori, som sedan har testats under experimenten på Åhléns.   Slutsats:        Genom stimulans av sinnena syn och känsel, har författarna med hjälp av experiment kunnat registrera ett förändrat beteende gällande kunders beslutsfattande. Resultatet tyder på att företag kan använda sig av sinnesstimuli för att skapa kontakt med sina kunder. Det har även framkommit att stimulans av synen och känseln har påverkat den tid kunderna känner på produkterna, och då också tagit dem ett steg längre i deras beslutsfattande i köpprocessen.

The purpose of this study is to examine how two educators at a preschool that is located in a neighborhood south of Stockholm works with TAKK with children who has Down syndrome in a language promotion purposes. The aim is also to investigate what teachers think about using TAKK with children without special needs and children with Down syndrome. In this study, I used qualitative research methods. I've used both observations and interviews to get answers to my questions. The theories which I have used in this thesis is, socio-cultural perspective, including integration and segregated integration. In order to find out how the educators work with TAKK I have asked these questions: How do the educators work with TAKK with children with Down syndrome from a language development perspective? What do the educators express about using TAKK with children without special needs and with children who has Down syndrome? My conclusions to these questions are that the literatures I have read in many ways are consistent with how they work. They told me, among other things, that the use of TAKK is good for both the children with and without Down syndrome. Regarding to how they use TAKK in their everyday work I could see that they used TAKK on a daily basis in the routines at the preschool.

Colour segmentation is the most commonly used method in road signs detection. Road sign contains several basic colours such as red, yellow, blue and white which depends on countries.The objective of this thesis is to do an evaluation of the four colour segmentation algorithms. Dynamic Threshold Algorithm, A Modification of de la Escalera’s Algorithm, the Fuzzy Colour Segmentation Algorithm and Shadow and Highlight Invariant Algorithm. The processing time and segmentation success rate as criteria are used to compare the performance of the four algorithms. And red colour is selected as the target colour to complete the comparison. All the testing images are selected from the Traffic Signs Database of Dalarna University [1] randomly according to the category. These road sign images are taken from a digital camera mounted in a moving car in Sweden.Experiments show that the Fuzzy Colour Segmentation Algorithm and Shadow and Highlight Invariant Algorithm are more accurate and stable to detect red colour of road signs. And the method could also be used in other colours analysis research. The yellow colour which is chosen to evaluate the performance of the four algorithms can reference Master Thesis of Yumei Liu.