Title: Comparison of internal loading on the organism by double poling and diagonal striding during the sprint on the roller ski Objectives: The aim of the diploma thesis is to compare the internal loading using the Cortex Metamax 3B and the SenzoStar GL devices in a two-hundred meters long section performed by the maximum effort between the double poling and diagonal striding about the 10.4% climb on roller skis. Methods: The diploma thesis is conceived as an empirical field research, the aim of which is to compare a double poling and diagonal striding in terms of internal loading on roller skis during sprint. The test subject will be a group of cross-country skiers and long-distance skiers. Results: Using the measured values of the internal loading and the measured time, we found differences during comparing the diagonal striding and double polling in specific values of SF, VO2 / kg, VE. the conclusion was that diagonal striding is faster than double poling to the uphill on roller skis. Keywords: XC-skiing, roller skis, Cortex MetaMax 3B, oxygen consumption, heart rate, lactate

Title: Verification of the effects of hyperoxia on the result in a test simulating performance in a team sprint on SkiErg skiing simulator. Objectives: The work aims to verify the effect of hyperoxia on the result in a test simulating performance in a team sprint on SkiErg skiing simulator. Methods: This is a qualitative research conducted by comparing hart rate, power in watts and lactate in ten probands. Values measured after inhalation of concentrated oxygen and placebo were compared. Results: There was no positive effect from meansurements of the heart rate, power in watts and lactate after concentration of inhaled oxygen and placebo on the SkiErg simulator. We concluded that the effect of inhalated concentrated oxygen Was in our test statistically insignificant. Keywords: Cross-country skiing, strengh, hyperoxia, heart rate, lactate

The Thesis is devoted to problems of developing of extreme storts in Sverdlovsk region. Author presents comparative analysis of mountain-skiing centers in region, notes their basic characteristics and prospect for development. The Thesis presents the results of marketing research conducted among athletes and people who like active ski rest. / Работа посвящена вопросам развития зимних экстремальных видов спорта в Свердловской области. Автор представляет сравнительный анализ горно-лыжных центров региона, отмечает их основные характеристики и перспективы развития. В работе представлены результаты маркетингового исследования, проведённого среди спортсменов и любителей активного горнолыжного отдыха.

Avalanches kill on average 250 people per year. Fall detection algorithms have been used to detect many different types of falls. In this work, a robust humanoid test rigwas designed and built to investigate the use of proven threshold based fall detection algorithms during skiing. A novel burial detection algorithm is used, to detect whether or not a person has been buried by snow, as this is often lethal. Data acquisition were conducted in the Swedish mountains, as well as computer simulations to further strengthen the results. This thesis shows that an IMU, in conjunction with force sensors around the chest and shoulders are sufficient to detect a fall and burial by snow. The algorithms achieve excellent results based on measurement data gathered by thetest rig. Tests were made to check the algorithm for a person gathering data. This showed that additional evaluation is needed to be applicable to live people, since skiing by the test rig is not completely representative of human skiing. / Laviner dödar i genomsnitt 250 människor per år. Fallavkänningsalgoritmer har använts för att upptäcka många olika typer av fall. I detta arbete har en robust människoliknande testrigg designats och byggts för att undersöka användningen avbevisade gränsvärdebaserade fallavkänningsalgortimer under skidåkning. En ny begravningsavkänningsalgoritm används, för att avkänna om en person har blivit begraven av snö, då det är livshotande. Datainsamling gjordes i de svenska fjällen, samt datorsimuleringar för att vidare stärka resultaten. Denna avhandling visar att en IMU, tillsammans med kraftsensorer runt bröstet och axlar är tillräckligt för att avkänna ett fall och begravning i snö. Algoritmerna producerar förträffliga resultat av baserat på mätdata samlat avtestriggen. Tester gjordes för att granska algoritmen när en person samlar data. Det visade att ytterligare undersökning krävs för applicering på levande människor, då skidåkning av testriggen inte är helt representativt av mänsklig skidåkning.

The aim of this study has been to, through a quantitative content analysis and a qualitative text analysis, determine which meaning nationality is given in news reports in Swedish daily press, and how it creates the event as a scandal. Focusing on two major scandals in cross country skiing, articles from the Finnish scandal in Lahtis 2001 and the revealing of doped Russian skiers in 2016 has been analysed. The theoretical framework for the study has been Stuart Halls representation theory, the framing theory, and theories regarding media scandals and nationality. The results from the quantitative and qualitative analyses has been divided into four themes: Imagined communities, Us and them, Individual and corporate and Fallen star. The results show that nationality is given meaning through the creation of imagined communities. It creates a gap between us and them, a sense of the nations parting from each other in form of cultural and moral aspects. There is also a difference between the representation of the countries. In the Russian doping scandal, Russia is considered as a doped nation, with a systematic doping where little guilt is to be put on the skiers themselves. In Finland, the nation stands for the people and is not in any ways to be associated with the doping scandal. Instead, the skiers get all the blame and little notion is made about the doping as being organised. This has also made the scandals to be divided into individual or corporate doping. As for the framing of the event as a scandal, attributes as “cheating” and a portrayal of the skiers as fallen stars is represented. By revealing the names of the suspected dopers it increases the news worth. An unexpected outcome was that the Russian dopers was not mentioned by name as often as the Finnish, which could enhance the event as a scandal even more. Furthermore, doping scandals could be studied in many different ways and is an interesting subject to immerse oneself in.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

This thesis examines the influence of active exercise according to the concept of the Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization on local sensory perception in the mid-thoracic spine in elite athletes - cross-country skiers. It also describes the most common health problems in these athletes and assesses the impact of the integration of active exercise according to the DNS concept into everyday practice of cross-country skiers on the intensity and frequency of pain in cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine. It also presents theoretical knowledge about the concept of the Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization and interdependence of quality of sensory and motor functions. Methods: The study included a total of 20 elite athletes - cross-country skiers aged 17- 27, randomly divided into two groups. The training group integrated into their practice selected three exercises according to the Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization targeting segmental motion in the thoracic spine. A total of five measurements were performed on the quality of sensory perception during two months for all athletes. Furthermore, we evaluated the immediate effect of the therapy in the test group through the examination of sensory perception before and immediately after the treatment. At the beginning and at the end of the study each athlete...

This diploma thesis deals with the influence of the school ski training course on the physical, mental and social aspects of the development of younger and older pupils. It seeks to interpret the gained experience, the degree of pupil development in the given areas, the observations and feelings of the students who have recently completed the course. part we deal with the history of skiing, regularities in individual age categories, suitable ski equipment for children, ski training and the school ski course itself. We also dealt with current environmental problems as well as hippokinesis and its consequences. For the research part we used the questionnaire as a research method. We work with pupils in grammar school in the the Czech Republic. Key words downhill skiing, ski training course, elementary school, pupil development, younger school age, older school age

This diploma thesis is divided into a theoretical part and a practical one. The theoretical part deals with the characteristics of sport events and presents the International Ski Federation FIS, including its structure, and marketing and technical concept of the races in the FIS Tour de Ski. The introduction to the practical part focuses on the history of cross-country skiing, the structure of the most important cross-country races in the world, and presents the town of Nove Mesto na Morave and the race Golden Ski. Then follows the description of the allocation process of the World Cup race and possibilities of its abolition. The main part of the diploma thesis is a detailed analysis of the Golden Ski race in the Tour de Ski. The analysis deals with the topics related to the organizing committee, technical support, scoring, invitations, accreditation, accommodation, marketing, transportation, and accompanying program of Golden Ski. The thesis concludes with financial background and short mention of Slavic Cup.

Skiing and snowboarding are popular recreation activities in New Zealand, as well as constituting important components of the winter tourism product. The 2001 snow season witnessed record visitor numbers. Skier days have increased by more than 10% compared with the previous year to 1.254 million. The traditionally “nature related” activity of skiing, however has increasingly often been discussed in the light of excessive resource consumption and pollution of alpine environments. Since no research on resource efficient management of ski fields has been undertaken in New Zealand, this study examined environmental awareness and actions of ski field managers, resource consumption benchmarks (water and energy use, solid waste production), along with resource use related visitor behaviour. Two separate surveys were undertaken to collect relevant information from ski field managers and ski field visitors. While a census of managers across New Zealand was conducted with a mail-back questionnaire (all 27 ski fields were contacted, response rate 44%), the visitor survey was undertaken on-site at six selected ski fields in Canterbury, South Island (total responses: N=259). Analysis of the survey results showed that managers generally acted to protect the environment and resources, however, at different levels for the various indicators measured. Energy use and air pollution were rarely perceived to be environmentally important. Accordingly, only few actions were undertaken to reduce energy use. This is surprising, since energy consumption proved to be a major feature of ski field management. Given the additionally large amounts of water consumed (mainly for snowmaking) and solid waste produced on the mountain, skiing has to be classified as a resource intensive activity. Resource consumption is intensified further, when the impacts associated with tourists being transported to, and from, the mountain are considered. Energy use for “ski trip transport” within New Zealand is two times larger (180 MJ) than energy use associated with ski field infrastructure use (90 MJ) on a per skier day basis. There are several options to improve the environmental performance of ski fields, ranging from modernising equipment, optimising snowmaking and providing efficient transport alternatives. Additionally, increased cooperation between ski field managers, local governments and research institutes could potentially result in environmentally smarter operational practices. Internationally, New Zealand’s ski areas compare relatively well, mainly because of limited on-mountain entertainment and accommodation development, which keeps resource consumption and pollution low compared with European and North American ski fields. However, this research also indicated that New Zealand’s ski field visitors increasingly demand facilities and services similar to those overseas, which in turn may result in larger environmental impacts. New Zealand is generally believed to be a green and nature-related destination and its ski areas still blend well into the natural environment. Hence, there is some potential for the New Zealand ski industry to develop a unique product in such a way that it is both, sustainable and distinguishable from other international markets.