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11	Optimal aging-aware battery management using MPC / Optimal åldringsmedveten batterihantering med MPC Turquetil, Raphaël January 2022 (has links) The freight transport plays an important role in the development of the economy. However, this comes with an important contribution to greenhouse gas emission. Recently a shift toward heavy-duty electric vehicles has been made, but some issues still need to be tackled. One of them is to develop ways to quickly recharge the vehicle’s batteries without damaging them. In this thesis, we highlight that not only the current but also the battery temperature need to be carefully managed in order to prevent damages during a charging session. To show that, an electrical, thermal and aging model of Li-ion battery is developed. A charging strategy based on a Model Predictive Control algorithm is proposed. The algorithm controls both the battery current and cooling system in order to achieve the optimal balance between the charging speed and the preservation of the battery. The resulting algorithm is tested, in simulation, against a conventional constant current charging in different charging scenarios. The results show an important increase in performance and highlight the role of the battery cooling system in the preservation of the battery. / Godstransporterna spelar en viktig roll för ekonomins utveckling. Detta innebär dock ett betydande bidrag till utsläppen av växthusgaser. På senare tid har en övergång till tunga elfordon skett, men vissa frågor måste fortfarande lösas. En av dem är att utveckla metoder för att snabbt ladda fordonsbatterierna utan att skada dem. I den här avhandlingen lyfter vi fram att inte bara strömmen utan även batteritemperaturen måste hanteras noggrant för att förhindra skador under en laddning. För att visa detta utvecklas en elektrisk, termisk och åldrande modell för Li-ion-batterier. En laddningsstrategi baserad på en algoritm för modellförutsägbar styrning föreslås. Algoritmen styr både batteriströmmen och kylsystemet för att uppnå en optimal balans mellan laddningshastighet och bevarande av batteriet. Den resulterande algoritmen testas i simulering mot en konventionell konstantström laddning i olika laddningsscenarier. Resultaten visar en betydande ökning av prestanda och belyser batterikylsystemets betydelse för bevarandet av batteriet. Li-ion battery Fast-Charging Aging Model Predictive Control Li-ion-batteri snabbladdning åldrande modell prediktiv regler Elektroteknik och elektronik
12	En elektrifiering av den interna busstrafiken på Stockholm Arlanda Airport Zisimopoulos, Dimitrios January 2016 (has links) Functional and cost effective systems for the full electrification of a bus network are areas of intense research and development. The electrification can be accomplished using different technological solutions, for example using opportunity charging or using an electric road system – ERS. Both opportunity charging and ERS have the potential to be integrated into already existing bus lines. With opportunity charging, the regular dwell time at the end stops is used for the bus to recharge its batteries and with an ERS the bus can charge dynamically along the road. The purpose of this report is to analyze how the existing Alfa- and Beta line at Stockholm Arlanda Airport, in a functional and cost effective way, can be electrified using either opportunity charging or an ERS. The tradeoff between required charging power, battery capacity and the necessity to change the existing running schedule is explained in detail. In addition, the impact on the electrical grid is analyzed based on different load profiles of different charging stations using different power levels. The analysis is based on real data from the Alfa – and Beta line with its existing buses, the electrical grid at Arlanda and data provided by both the leading (electrical) bus manufacturers and the leading charging infrastructure manufacturers. The outcome of this report suggests that a full electrification of the existing Alfa- and Beta line has the potential to lower CO2-emissions and energy use at a functional and cost effective way. Electric bus electrical buses fast charging opportunity charging electric road systems ERS conductive inductive charging BEV electrical grid electrification TCO infrastructure charging infrastructure Arlanda airport Elektrisk buss elbuss snabbladdning hållplatsladdning elväg ERS laddstation konduktiv induktiv laddning BEV elnät elektrifiering TCO laddinfrastruktur elfordon fossilfri fordonsflotta Arlanda flygplats

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Optimal aging-aware battery management using MPC / Optimal åldringsmedveten batterihantering med MPC

En elektrifiering av den interna busstrafiken på Stockholm Arlanda Airport