Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (Dr. P.H.)--University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, 1992. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 57-62).

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2010. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

In this thesis was created a medium-term draft of actions for the local development needs of village Staré Město pod Landštejnem based on economic, social and organizational possibilities that the village has. This draft was based on the analysis of themes from a questionnaire survey among residents of the village, interviews with local actors, existing development documents related to the community and the author's own ideas. A part of this thesis is the geographical characteristics of the village area and the analysis of literature dealing with the countryside, especially its local and regional development, spatial planning and territorial development of rural settlements and the surrounding landscape, including the analysis of materials prepared for the municipality. Another important output of the thesis is to summarize and supply the existing principles for spatial and landscape planning in the village.

This diploma project deals with how a family with mental handicapped child perceives the social environment and the stand of experts on themselves. The work includes basic concepts relating to the issues examined here. The thesis also mentions the importance of ethical codes of expert professions such as doctors, social workers and educators. The way how the doctors should communicate with the parents of handicapped child and how to advise the parents of inconvenient diagnosis. The thesis also deals with how the families put up with diagnosis of their child in different stages. Theoretical chapter explains how the family could be threatened by the social exclusion. The research section describes the data collection, witch was realized by interviews the families of handicapped children. The analysis of responses to predetermined research questions follows the methodology of data collection. Final results are summarized in tables.

In my Diploma Thesis, I focused on quality and quantity of the social contacts of elderly persons above 70 years of age. This Diploma Thesis is divided into two parts. Part one is a theoretical application of terms age and aging, demographical aging of the current population, age conditioned changes, needs of elderly, socio-psychological aspects of age, social substance of age and the important meaning of elderly life. And last but not least is elderly welfare and social security scheme. The second part is practical. Another target of my thesis is to ascertain elderly above 70 years of age suppositions to establish social contacts and relationships, and what are the contact?s quantity and quality in their surroundings and how are they satisfied with those contacts. I have compared results in three different environments in which the elderly live. To achieve set targets I chose qualitative research. This research had three sections: identification questions, questions in accordance with WHO DAS II scale and open questioning. Elemental company made a group of thirty elderly persons between 70 ? 85 years of age. I approached those seniors in their common environment, in a nursing home or home for the elderly. The research results showed that social contacts are fully dependent on family functionality and friendly contacts. A senior who has lost his or her life partner often loses even many social contacts. This fact may even contribute to social isolation, which significantly affects the individual's state of health. Elderly are also insufficiently informed about opportunities to establish social contacts. This fact also negatively affects their socialization.

Bakgrund: Måltider utgör en social och kulturell grund där människor kan mötas i ett välbefinnande och samtidigt tillgodose sig näring. Ökad malnutrition med stigande ålder är ett globalt problem som omfattar både kognitivt medvetna och kognitivt nedsatta.Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att identifiera faktorer som vid måltider är av betydelse för välbefinnande och nutritionsstatus hos äldre människor boendes i särskilda boenden.Metod: En litteraturstudie med globalt perspektiv där vetenskapliga artiklar från Canada, Amerika, Storbritannien, Sverige, Danmark, Nya Zeeland och Australien var underlaget till resultatet. Inklusionskriterier var äldre över 65 år, kognitivt medvetna och kognitivt nedsatta vilka levde i särskilda boenden samt vårdgivare som arbetade i sådana.Resultat: Måltiden ger ett socialt och kulturellt sammanhang som stärker både boenden och vårdgivares relationer. Utformning av en terapeutisk fysisk miljö visade sig vara till fördel både för de äldre och vårdgivare. Möjlighet att utöva personcentrerad vård skulle kunna förbättras enligt den här litteraturstudien. Litteraturstudien visar på att social samvaro under måltider är en stund för gemenskap och ett välkommet avbrott under dagen.Slutsats: Måltidssituationen är en komplex situation där många faktorer är inbegripna för välbefinnande och nutritionsstatus. Tre huvudteman identifierades nämligen fysisk måltidsmiljö, personcentrerad vård och social samvaro. / Meals form a social and cultural basis where people can meet in a state of well-being while at the same time consuming enough food to meet thier nutritional needs. Regardless of age, social relationships and the need for food have been linked to enhance the quality of life. Older adult´s poor nutritional status is a global problem that include risks for both cognitive conscious and cognitive impairment.Aim: The purpose of the study was to identify and describe the aspects that are of nutritional beneficial importance and the well-being of the elderly in residential homes.Method: A litterature study with a global perspective whereby scientific articles from Canada, America, Britain, Sweden, Denmark, New Zealand and Australia laid forth foundation of the key findings. Inclusion criterias were elderly over 65 years, cognitive consciousness and cognitive impairment, whom resided in residential homes with round the clock caregivers.Results: The meal provides a social and cultural ambience that strengthens relationships for both the reisdents and caregivers.Three themes emerged and these affected well-being and nutritional status. The possibility of applying person-centered care could be augmented according to the literature study. The literature study shows that social interactions during meals are intervalls for gathering as well as they are welcome intermisssions during the day.Conclusion: The mealtime situation is a complex situation where multiple aspects involved in the well-being and nutrition status of the elderly. Three main themes where identified, physical mealtime environment, person centered care and social interactions.

Taking the demographic development of our population, the growth of the ratio of senior citizens and the increasing numbers of singles into consideration, the favourite activities of 70-plus citizens become more and more significant. Today´s modern society can offer a wide range of leisure-time activities options during retirement. Thanks to prevention, a healthier diet and sophisticated medication, senior citizens tend to feel not only healthier than their parents used to be, they have also achieved a higher standard of education and thus they expect to enjoy a generally better quality of life. The achievement this goal senior is not pre-conditioned by financial means alone, but predominantly by a change in the fulfilment of life. The objective of my work: The objective of my work consists in the detection of favourite activities of seventy-plus citizens and in the determination of the main determinants, i. e. health condition, natural social environment and stay in institutions for senior citizens. Hypotheses: H1 ? The natural social environment plays a significant role in seventy-plus citizens, H2 ? Institutions for senior citizens have a relevant impact on the available leisure-time activities, H3 ? The health condition is the basic pre-requisite of the range and choice of leisure-time activities in seventy-plus citizens The method of quantitative research was selected for the purposes of confirming or disproving the above hypotheses. The data were collected on the basis of a controlled questionnaire filled in by seventy-plus senior citizens living both in their natural social environment and in institutions. Senior citizens living in the České Budějovice region were interviewed and the respondents were divided into a group living in their natural social environment and a group of those staying in institutions. Both questionnaires consisted in 17 questions. The final number of respondents amounted to 116, 56 of which were living in their natural social environment and 60 in institutions. Data collection: The results of my diploma work suggest that health condition seems to have the most impact on favourite activities. In terms of favourite activities, there is a considerable difference between senior citizens living in their natural social environment and those staying in institutions. The research has confirmed the hypotheses H1, H2 and H3. Conclusions: Modern society should provide a better and more complex standard of awareness of the leisure-time activities options available to the seventy-plus generation. This would improve their general situation and quality of life.

There exist various oinions in relation to the mentally handicapped people in the society. It is necessary to become aware of that the handicapped people have the same needs and rights as the others because everybody is an original and irreproducible personality. If we want to think about the quality of the life, we can speak about the lifequality of an individual person or of a groupe of persons or perhaps about the lifequality of mentally handicapped people. The theoretical part of the degree work deals with the lifequality in general characterizes mentally handicapped people, thei needs and rights. In the practical part, the subjective evaluation of the lifequality by the clients in the establishment Social services Česká is ascertained. The aim of the degree work was to find out how the medium {--} seriously mentally handicapped people perceive the lifequality and satisfaction in their life. The research was effectuated in the form of semi-structured discussion. Further necessary information was obtained on the basis of secondary analysis of documents and by means of observation. The main research question was answerd on the basis of inermediate questions. The first intermediate question described how the needs of the clients are satisfied in the establishment. It was apparent from the research that the clients perceive the satisfaction of their needs positively. Unfortunately, the need of love is not satisfied for the most respondents and that due to the unstable family background. Teh second reserch question was concentrated on ascertainment how the establishment influences the lifequality of the clients. It is evident from the research that the establishment influences the lifequality of respondents positively and that thanks to mobilizing activities and to the efforts enabling these people to live a normal life to the greatest possible extent. The third intermedite question investigated the impact of the family on the clients. Due to the fact that the most repomdents come to see the family environment only occasionally or not at all, the answer to this question is negative. The lifequality of a great deal of respondents is not influenced by the family positively. In spite of this unpleasant fact the main research question reading {\clq}qHow the clients of the estabishment Social services Česká in Jindřichův Hradec perceive the quality of their life`` can be answered positively. Although the clients of the establishment have to face disadvantages because of their handicap, they consider the quality of their life to be a good one.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:57:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_INACIO_CROCHEMORE_MOHNSAM_DA_SILVA.pdf: 511884 bytes, checksum: 0a6b00700f398ba218530501aceb220f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-08 / Objective: To explore the association between social support from family and friends and the practice of leisure-time physical activity (PA) in adults (≥20 years old). Methodology: Population-based, cross-sectional study, conducted in Pelotas/RS. The sampling process occurred in multiple stages. Leisure-time PA was measured with the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Those who reported an PA practice of ≥150 minutes on the week before the interview were considered active. Specific estimates for walking and moderate and vigorous PA (MVPA) were performed. Social support was collected with a Social Support Scale for PA and different exposure variables were built according to the sources of support (family or friends), levels of exposure and type of PA practice. The developed analysis was stratified by sex. For the association between social support and PA a Poisson regression was used with robust adjustment of variance. Complementary analysis stratified the sample in two age groups (20-39 years old and ≥40 years old). Results: There was a strong association between social support and leisure-time PA in adults (RP≥ 2,0). Considering the walks, prevalence ratios between men were lower than the ones between women. Restricting the analysis to MVPA, the greatest risk measures belonged to male. Comparing the studied sources of social support, the magnitude of the association was always greater with the support from friends in relation to the social support from family, independent of the PA type. However, the effect on the individuals was even more important when the social support was provided simultaneously by family and friends. Conclusion: It stands out the importance of different types of support for leisure-time PA practice. It is believed that the interventions based on the mobilization of individuals and their social environment will have greater effectiveness power in the promotion of active lifestyles. / Objetivo: Explorou a associação entre suporte social de familiares e amigos e prática de atividade física (AF) de lazer em adultos (≥ 20anos). Metodologia: Estudo transversal, de base populacional, realizado em Pelotas (RS). O processo de amostragem ocorreu em múltiplos estágios. A AF de lazer foi mensurada com a versão longa do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física. Foram considerados ativos aqueles que reportaram uma prática de AF ≥ 150 minutos na semana anterior à entrevista. Estimativas específicas para caminhada e AF moderadas e vigorosas (AFMV) foram realizadas. O suporte social foi coletado com a Escala de Apoio Social para AF e diferentes variáveis de exposição foram construídas conforme as fontes de apoio (familiares ou amigos), níveis de exposição e tipo de prática de AF. Todas as análises foram estratificadas por sexo. Para a associação entre suporte social e AF utilizou-se a regressão de Poisson com ajuste robusto da variância. Análises complementares estratificaram a amostra em dois grupos etários (20-39 anos e ≥ 40 anos). Resultados: Houve uma forte associação entre suporte social e AF de lazer em adultos (RP≥ 2,0). Considerando as caminhadas, as razões de prevalências entre os homens foram menores do que as evidenciadas entre as mulheres. Restringindo a análise às AFMV, as maiores medidas de riscos pertenceram ao sexo masculino. Comparando as fontes de suporte social estudadas, a magnitude da associação foi sempre maior com o apoio dos amigos em relação ao suporte social dos familiares, independente do tipo de AF. Contudo, o efeito sobre os indivíduos foi ainda mais importante quando o suporte social foi fornecido simultaneamente por familiares e amigos. Conclusões: Ressalta-se a importância de diferentes tipos de apoio para a prática de AF de lazer. Acredita-se que intervenções baseadas na mobilização dos indivíduos e do seu ambiente social terão maior potencial de efetividade na promoção de estilos de vida ativos.