Sociální prostředí jako rizikový faktor pro kurzovém sázení u sportovců léčících se v ambulanci pro gamblery zaměřuje na tři životní období klientů Poradny pro nelátkové závislosti Prevent. Obecně je problematika hazardního hraní v ČR velice aktuální téma. S regulací heren a novou ČR vystupuje do popředí problematika kurzového sázení. V 14 došlo k nárůstu podílu populace, která má zkušenosti s hazardní hrou. Nejvyšší nárůst (Mravčík et al., 2018) Cílem této práce je zmapovat a popsat sociální faktory, které měli přímý vliv na vznik a rozvoj závislosti na kurzovém sázení u sportovců léčících se v ambulantní léčbě. Práce se zaměřuje na tři životní období respondentů. Prvním zkoumaným životním obdobím období počátků sázení a první zkušenosti s hazardem, druhým životním obdobím je přechod z ní do závislosti a třetí ži respondenti rozhodli jít léčit. U všech třech etap života respondentů jsou mapovány a popsány veškeré sociální vlivy a interakce s Práce je založena na metodě kvalitativního výzkumu a vychází z zakotvené teorie a otevřeného kódování. Pro sběr dat byl použit polostrukturovaný rozhovor, který umožnil flexibilitu při samotné formulaci otázek a jejím případném doplnění dalšími otázkami a tím přesnějším získáním potřebných dat. Výzkumu se zúčastnilo celkem šest respondentů, kteří v té době byli...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:18:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula Barcellos Bullerjhann.pdf: 2413146 bytes, checksum: 02f8c3e5dc97a4adc4b6554cf1ba8557 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / To many behavior analysts, the concern about social phenomena has been subject of research and discussion. Some of these researchers have been devoted to intervention in the contents generated by these phenomena, while the other part dedicates to formulation of principles which describes the behavioral processes in a cultural level. This work fits in the second group of research, especially concerning the process involving the selection of the product of interlocking behavioral contingencies, by a cultural consequence. Two experiments were carried out. In experiment 1, a contingency between the performance of each participant and a consequence with supposed reinforcing value was manipulated as was another contingency between a product generated by the group performance of two, three and even four participants and a supposedly reinforcing consequence. Four experimental conditions were performed: (1) selection of the operant behavior; (2) consequences upon the aggregate product; (3) increasing the number of participants in relation to phase 2; and (4) change of generations. In experiment 2, there were two participants in each generation. There wasn't any manipulation of the contingency involving the aggregate product of the interrelation of the behavior of the participants, and three experimental conditions were planned. The results indicate that in experiment 1 there was co-ordination in the behavior of the participants and a systematic outcome of aggregate product, even when the selected product generated the loss of the individual consequence. This generation was sustained even throughout the successive switching of participants. In experiment 2, the interrelations of the participants and the maintenance of the pattern reinforced in the operant phase remained after a few generations. These results show that the manipulations in both experiments were effective in producing experimental analogous of social phenomena and, also, the consequence with supposed selective value was a relevant differential in the cultural practices of both groups / A preocupação com questões sociais vem sendo tema de pesquisa e discussão para vários analistas do comportamento. Parte desses pesquisadores vem se dedicando a intervir no conteúdo gerado por tais fenômenos, enquanto a outra parcela, a formular princípios que descrevam processos comportamentais a nível cultural. Este trabalho se insere dentro do segundo conjunto de pesquisas, mais especificamente no que se refere ao processo envolvido na seleção do produto de contingências comportamentais entrelaçadas, por uma conseqüência cultural. Foram realizados dois experimentos. O Experimento 1, manipulou uma contingência entre o desempenho de cada participante e uma conseqüência com suposto valor reforçador, e outra entre um produto gerado pelos desempenhos conjuntos de dois, três, até quatro participantes e uma conseqüência com suposto valor selecionador. Foi constituído por quatro condições experimentais: (1) seleção do comportamento operante; (2) conseqüências sobre o produto agregado; (3) aumento do número de participantes com relação à Fase 2; e (4) mudança de gerações. No Experimento 2, havia dois participantes por geração, não houve a manipulação da contingência entre o produto agregado da inter-relação do comportamento dos participantes, e foi delineado com três condições experimentais. Os resultados mostram que no Experimento 1, houve coordenação da resposta dos participantes e produção sistemática do produto agregado, mesmo quando o produto selecionado gerava a perda de oportunidade da conseqüência individual, essa produção foi mantida mesmo com sucessivas trocas de participantes. No experimento 2 constatou-se inter-relação dos participantes e a manutenção após algumas gerações do padrão de respostas reforçado na fase operante. Esses dados indicam que as manipulações dos dois experimentos foram efetivas na produção de análogos experimentais de fenômenos sociais, e que a conseqüência com suposto valor selecionador foi uma variável relevante na diferenciação das práticas culturais que emergiram nos dois grupos

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:22:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Damiao Tiburtino Matias.pdf: 3633776 bytes, checksum: cefb6aa4647325c437c86369ccc84959 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-25 / Banco do Brasil S/A / This dissertation entitled "Sustainability in the financial business: the relationship between the policy of social responsibility of the Bank of Brazil and small business borrowers for loans," has as main objective to analyze how the Bank of Brazil evaluates and monitors programs whose goal is sustainability, because, 200 years to complete, the Bank reaffirms its trajectory for greater promotion of development of the country, combining economic growth in its business to sustainable development. Thus, it is a literature search / exploration on the topic in question. Then a case study, supplemented by a field research - qualitative. Due to the treatment given by the authors investigated in relation to social context of sustainability, and corporate social responsibility, we could understand the importance to be given by all segments of society (including small, medium and large companies) on the conservation and / or environmental preservation, the respect and appreciation for human dignity, the distribution of income in a fair, quality of employment, equality in access to resources and social services and sociocultural diversity. As for the case study, regarding the evaluation and monitoring of projects with values equal to or greater than $ 10 million, emphasized the importance of the commitments made by the public, emphasizing, in this case, for the Equator Principles as marked important for social projects, structured financing. It is also the engagement of the Bank of Brazil with the principles of social responsibility, which is part of its eatratégia. For the field research, you can see the involvement of officials in the processes of evaluation and monitoring of risks in the operations sociaombintais / loans to small and medium enterprises lending policy and the ways that the Bank uses to assess and monitor the social and environmental risk / Este trabalho intitulado Sustentabilidade nos negócios financeiros: a relação entre a política de responsabilidade socioambiental do Banco do Brasil e as pequenas e médias empresas tomadoras de empréstimos , tem como objetivo principal analisar como o Banco do Brasil avalia e monitora os programas cujo objetivo é a sustentabilidade. Para tanto, procedeu-se a uma pesquisa bibliográfica/exploratória sobre o tema em questão. Em seguida, realizou-se um estudo de caso, complementado por uma pesquisa de campo de caráter qualitativo. Em virtude do tratamento dado pelos autores pesquisados no que se refere à contextualização da sustentabilidade socioambiental, bem como à responsabilidade socioambiental empresarial, pôde-se compreender a importância que deve ser dada por todos os segmentos da sociedade (incluindo as pequenas, médias e grandes empresas) aos seguintes aspectos: a conservação e/ou preservação do meio ambiente; o respeito e valorização à dignidade da pessoa humana; a distribuição de renda de forma justa; o emprego com qualidade; a igualdade no acesso aos recursos e serviços sociais e, finalmente, a diversidade sociocultural. Quanto ao estudo de caso, observou-se que a avaliação e o monitoramento dos projetos com valor igual ou superior a US$ 10 milhões resguardam a importância dos compromissos públicos assumidos pelo Banco, dando ênfase, sobretudo, aos Princípios do Equador como principal balizador socioambiental para os projetos de financiamentos estruturados. Tratou-se também do engajamento do Banco do Brasil com relação aos princípios de responsabilidade socioambiental, que seriam, segundo a instituição, parte integrante de sua estratégia. No que diz respeito à pesquisa de campo, a investigação sobre o conhecimento de uma parcela dos funcionários acerca da responsabilidade socioambiental do Banco revelou a necessidade de maior divulgação das suas práticas junto ao público interno. Através de pesquisa efetuada pelo Anuário 2008, foi possível acompanhar as declarações do BB a respeito dos aspectos de gestão interna e externa. Verificou-se, ainda, o grau de conhecimentos dos funcionários nos processos de avaliação e monitoramento dos riscos socioambientais nas operações/ empréstimos junto às pequenas e médias empresas tomadoras de empréstimos, bem como as formas que o Banco utiliza para avaliar e monitorar o risco socioambiental

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:57:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Damiao Tiburtino Matias.pdf: 3633776 bytes, checksum: cefb6aa4647325c437c86369ccc84959 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-25 / Banco do Brasil S/A / This dissertation entitled "Sustainability in the financial business: the relationship between the policy of social responsibility of the Bank of Brazil and small business borrowers for loans," has as main objective to analyze how the Bank of Brazil evaluates and monitors programs whose goal is sustainability, because, 200 years to complete, the Bank reaffirms its trajectory for greater promotion of development of the country, combining economic growth in its business to sustainable development. Thus, it is a literature search / exploration on the topic in question. Then a case study, supplemented by a field research - qualitative. Due to the treatment given by the authors investigated in relation to social context of sustainability, and corporate social responsibility, we could understand the importance to be given by all segments of society (including small, medium and large companies) on the conservation and / or environmental preservation, the respect and appreciation for human dignity, the distribution of income in a fair, quality of employment, equality in access to resources and social services and sociocultural diversity. As for the case study, regarding the evaluation and monitoring of projects with values equal to or greater than $ 10 million, emphasized the importance of the commitments made by the public, emphasizing, in this case, for the Equator Principles as marked important for social projects, structured financing. It is also the engagement of the Bank of Brazil with the principles of social responsibility, which is part of its eatratégia. For the field research, you can see the involvement of officials in the processes of evaluation and monitoring of risks in the operations sociaombintais / loans to small and medium enterprises lending policy and the ways that the Bank uses to assess and monitor the social and environmental risk / Este trabalho intitulado Sustentabilidade nos negócios financeiros: a relação entre a política de responsabilidade socioambiental do Banco do Brasil e as pequenas e médias empresas tomadoras de empréstimos , tem como objetivo principal analisar como o Banco do Brasil avalia e monitora os programas cujo objetivo é a sustentabilidade. Para tanto, procedeu-se a uma pesquisa bibliográfica/exploratória sobre o tema em questão. Em seguida, realizou-se um estudo de caso, complementado por uma pesquisa de campo de caráter qualitativo. Em virtude do tratamento dado pelos autores pesquisados no que se refere à contextualização da sustentabilidade socioambiental, bem como à responsabilidade socioambiental empresarial, pôde-se compreender a importância que deve ser dada por todos os segmentos da sociedade (incluindo as pequenas, médias e grandes empresas) aos seguintes aspectos: a conservação e/ou preservação do meio ambiente; o respeito e valorização à dignidade da pessoa humana; a distribuição de renda de forma justa; o emprego com qualidade; a igualdade no acesso aos recursos e serviços sociais e, finalmente, a diversidade sociocultural. Quanto ao estudo de caso, observou-se que a avaliação e o monitoramento dos projetos com valor igual ou superior a US$ 10 milhões resguardam a importância dos compromissos públicos assumidos pelo Banco, dando ênfase, sobretudo, aos Princípios do Equador como principal balizador socioambiental para os projetos de financiamentos estruturados. Tratou-se também do engajamento do Banco do Brasil com relação aos princípios de responsabilidade socioambiental, que seriam, segundo a instituição, parte integrante de sua estratégia. No que diz respeito à pesquisa de campo, a investigação sobre o conhecimento de uma parcela dos funcionários acerca da responsabilidade socioambiental do Banco revelou a necessidade de maior divulgação das suas práticas junto ao público interno. Através de pesquisa efetuada pelo Anuário 2008, foi possível acompanhar as declarações do BB a respeito dos aspectos de gestão interna e externa. Verificou-se, ainda, o grau de conhecimentos dos funcionários nos processos de avaliação e monitoramento dos riscos socioambientais nas operações/ empréstimos junto às pequenas e médias empresas tomadoras de empréstimos, bem como as formas que o Banco utiliza para avaliar e monitorar o risco socioambiental

Identifying the causes and consequences of intra-specific variation in cognitive abilities is fundamental to our understanding of the evolution of cognition. The social environment and cognitive abilities appear inextricably linked, yet evidence for how the social environment affects cognitive performances and further, how cognitive performances influence the social environment, has seldom been explored. Using the pheasant, Phasianus colchicus, I explore the relationships between individual variation in cognitive performances in relation to broad and fine-scale structure of the social environment and endeavour to separate cause and consequence. I demonstrate a positive causal effect of the broad-scale social environment on cognitive performances by observing increases in the accuracy of spatial discrimination performances when individuals are in larger groups (Chapter Two and Chapter Four). I show that the positive effects of larger group size occur over a relatively short period (less than one week), suggesting that cognitive performances are flexible in response to the social environment and I suggest four potential mechanisms. I show that while males are part of a social hierarchy, spatial discrimination performances are related to this fine-scale social structure and higher-ranking males outperform lower ranking males (Chapter Three). When attempting to determine cause and consequence, I found that spatial learning performances early in life did not predict adult cognitive performances on the same task or predict their adult social rank (Chapter Four). Hence, my results do not support that social rank is a consequence of spatial learning abilities in male pheasants. The relationship between spatial learning performances and social rank was found in adult males that had their social rank artificially elevated, suggesting that cognitive performances were not simply the result of the current social environment but remain closely related to past agonistic relationships. I did not find a relationship between early life aggression with performances on either a spatial or a non-spatial task in females or males (Chapter Five). This highlights the importance of investigating early life relationships and suggests that the relationship between spatial learning and aggression in adult males may become associated over time as a consequence of further spatial learning experiences, and, or, aggressive interactions. I then demonstrate a consequence of individual variation in cognitive abilities and show that adult foraging associations in the wild disassort by early life cognitive performances (Chapter Six). Individuals with good inhibitory control performance and poor visual discrimination performances were more central in social networks. I propose that differences in cognitive abilities manifest in foraging strategy and influence the resulting social structure. The implications of this predictable social structure remain to be explored. Finally, I discuss these results and how they contribute to our understanding of how the social environment causes individual differences in cognitive performances, as well as how variation in cognitive performances may shape the social environment. I suggest the potential implications of these findings and ideas for future work.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the leading cause of disability in North American and has major economic consequences for society. People with knee OA experience the worst quality of life, among musculoskeletal conditions, with function and mobility being influenced by symptoms such as pain and stiffness. However, the impact of OA symptoms varies due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors, leading many researchers to employ biopsychosocial and other population health frameworks to study the disease. These population health approaches have not been adopted when studying knee OA outcomes in bioarchaeology, where a limited biological lens prevails due to the sole reliance on skeletal remains. The purpose of this research was to explore methods for identifying the impairment potential of knee OA in archaeological populations using a clinical sample and population health approaches. Clinical studies have the advantage of assessing not only the biological implications of knee OA but also the functional outcomes. By creating a knee OA grading system applicable for both MRI and dry bone femora samples (Clinical Archaeological Osteoarthritis Score) a link between clinical and archaeological populations was proposed. Using this link to infer functional deficits onto archaeological populations using population health frameworks, a theoretical analysis was performed with two populations; the 17th century Huron and the 19th century Inuit from the Igloolik region of Nunavut. The results demonstrated the increased impairment potential of knee OA in the Inuit population versus the Huron population, produced by contrasting factors captured by the determinants of health, including social and physical environments.

Föräldrabalkens innehåll baseras på kunskap om hur föräldrar bör vara i föräldraskap utifrån vad som föreställs vara bäst för barn. I föräldrabalken 1949 tilldelades rätten för föräldrar att använda viss nivå av aga i barnuppfostran. Under mitten av 1950-talet kom de första rapporterna om otillåten aga kom i Sverige. Barnavårdsnämnden var tilldelad ansvaret att omhänderta barn som for illa och placera dem inom samhällsvård för att ge dem en skyddande omsorg. Under 2005 sändes dokumentären ”Stulen Barndom” och i den berättar sex medelålders män om sin tid på ett av Sveriges alla barnhem där kroppslig bestraffning användes vid fostran. Regeringen tog ett beslut att tillsätta en utredning om vanvård i social barnavård och den visade att det fanns barn som hade farit illa i den skyddande omsorgen. Intervjuade menade att de som barn hade fått bestraffningar som var långt värre än den vanvård som hade motiverat till själva omhändertagandet från början. Hur bör hemförhållanden ha varit för att inte barn skulle bli omhändertagna? Vad framställdes vara riskfaktorer för barn och dess anpassning i samhället i 1950-talets diskurs? Hur framställdes en godkänd förälder och familj? Vad visade konstruktionen om föräldrars beteenden och familjers sociala miljö under 1950-talet? Diskursanalys som metod gav möjligheten att använda material som statliga offentliga utredningar från 1950-1959. De hanterade ett gemensamt ämne; hur beteenden och social miljö konstruerades och det visade framställningen av frisk-och riskfaktorer för barn. Resultatet visade framställningen av social miljö och beteenden och de har indelats i sexualitet, äktenskap, barnafödande, ekonomi, boende, arbete och barnuppfostran. Det synliggjorde hur föräldrar skulle bli styrda och av vem och för vilket ändamål de skulle styras och med vilka metoder. Det visade att bra äktenskap skulle vara utan konflikter, samlag skulle ske inom äktenskap och i måttlig nivå, barnuppfostran skulle formas efter vad anpassningen i samhället behövde, barnafödande skulle vara inom äktenskap och efter förutsättningar i familjen, ekonomi och arbete skulle vara god och boendet skulle ha gott om utrymme. Följde föräldrar och familjer det som framställdes vara bra för barn minskade risken till ett omhändertagande. Familjen framställdes som en institution i samhället och för samhällets funktioner i dess helhet. Familjen som andra institutioner behövde tillsyn och omvårdnad. Med hjälp av lagstiftning, stödåtgärder, upplysning och interventioner skulle familjens medlemmar påverkas att vara på det sätt som framställdes som bäst för dem. Det behövdes för att kunna uppfylla uppgiften att skapa en bra framtid. Föräldrar och familjer som hade de beteenden som framställdes som bra hade det som behövdes för att framtiden kunde bildas för samhällets utveckling. / The Parental Code content is based on knowledge about how parents should be in parenting based on what is represented to be the best for children. The Parental Code in 1949 was assigned the right of parents to use some level of corporal punishment in child rearing. In the mid-1950s the first reports of unauthorized punishment came in Sweden. The child welfare was assigned the responsibility to care for children who were suffering and place them in public care. In 2005, the documentary "Stolen Childhood" was broadcast and six middle-aged men expressed their time at one of Sweden´s children's home where corporal punishment was used in education. The government took a decision to appoint an inquiry into abuse in social childcare and it showed that there were children who had fared badly in the protective care. The interviewed felt that they had received punishments that were far worse than the neglect that had motivated the actual treatment from the beginning. How should the home environment have been so the children never would be taken away from their parents? What was presented as risk factors for children and their adjustment in society in the 1950s discourse? How was an accepted parenting? What was the construction of parental behaviors and family social environment in the 1950s? Discourse analysis as a method provided the opportunity to use materials of state government investigations from 1950 to 1959. They handled a common subject, how behavior and social environment was constructed and it showed the production of healthy and risk factors for children. The results showed the fabrication of social environment and behavior and they were divided into sexuality, marriage, childbearing, economics, housing, work and child rearing. It showed how parents would be controlled, and by whom, and for what purpose they would be governed, and by what methods. It showed that good marriage would be without conflict, sexual intercourse should take place within marriage and at a moderate level, child-rearing should be shaped by what’s needed in the community, childbirth would be within marriage and in harmony with the conditions in the family, finances and work would be good and the accommodation would have plenty of space. If parents and families followed and lived as the construction showed in good behavior and social environment it would reduce the risk for children of being placed in children´s home. The family was presented as an institution in society and the functioning of society. The family and other institutions needed supervision and care. With the help of law, support, awareness and intervention were family members affected to be in the way that was presented as the best for them. It needed to fulfill the task of creating a good future. Parents and families who had the behaviors that were presented as good was what were needed for the future and for the development of society.

Nova Scotia is one of the least active provinces in Canada and is experiencing rising levels of obesity and related diseases. Women in Canada have low rates of participation in physical activity, despite the many benefits. The purpose of this research was to develop an understanding of how the built, natural and social environments act as enablers and barriers to the use of active transportation for midlife women. A qualitative, grounded theory approach was used in conjunction with a feminist perspective to explore the research topic. Findings suggest that the characteristics of the route and region, the presence or lack of support, and the perceived value and benefits of active transportation affect the type of transportation mode that is selected for commuting. Findings also reveal the ways that women respond to and overcome barriers. Implications for health promotion and future research are discussed.

Darbe nagrinėjamos psichologinių ir pedagoginių ugdymo(si) priemonių, socialinės aplinkos įtaka ir panaudojimo galimybės, ugdant Aspergerio sindromą turintį vaiką, bendrojo lavinimo įstaigose. / The paper analyzes the influence and usability of psychological and pedagogical education tools and the social environment educating a child with Asperger syndrome in the secondary schools.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the leading cause of disability in North American and has major economic consequences for society. People with knee OA experience the worst quality of life, among musculoskeletal conditions, with function and mobility being influenced by symptoms such as pain and stiffness. However, the impact of OA symptoms varies due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors, leading many researchers to employ biopsychosocial and other population health frameworks to study the disease. These population health approaches have not been adopted when studying knee OA outcomes in bioarchaeology, where a limited biological lens prevails due to the sole reliance on skeletal remains. The purpose of this research was to explore methods for identifying the impairment potential of knee OA in archaeological populations using a clinical sample and population health approaches. Clinical studies have the advantage of assessing not only the biological implications of knee OA but also the functional outcomes. By creating a knee OA grading system applicable for both MRI and dry bone femora samples (Clinical Archaeological Osteoarthritis Score) a link between clinical and archaeological populations was proposed. Using this link to infer functional deficits onto archaeological populations using population health frameworks, a theoretical analysis was performed with two populations; the 17th century Huron and the 19th century Inuit from the Igloolik region of Nunavut. The results demonstrated the increased impairment potential of knee OA in the Inuit population versus the Huron population, produced by contrasting factors captured by the determinants of health, including social and physical environments.