The effects of Gated Communities (GCs) were analysed. According to the literature, these urban artefacts are negative for society. They are blamed to provoking social segregation, social exclusion and undermining democracy. In a Latin American context the consequences could be worse. Latin America has the highest level of social inequality in the world and the rapid growth of GCs is making this inequality more visible. This study implemented the concept of Social Capital, in order to understand the urban problems in this urban geography. The study is based in Machala, a mid-sized city in Ecuador. It was found that GCs’ residents lack of trust of outsiders, residents are more distant from disadvantage groups, social networks are being homogenised and there is a stigmatisation of life outside the community’s walls. This study seeks to create awareness on the type of urban growth in Machala by exploring the consequences of fragmentation, privatisation and segregation via GCs.

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / Reissued 5 May 2017 to correct misspelled Second Reader’s name on title page. / The number of disconnected youth, those ages 16 to 24 who are not in school and are not employed, has reached significant levels in the United States and Western Europe. This trend is coupled with the fact that more and more foreign fighters are joining Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) in Iraq and Syria. In particular, Western youth have been the target of radicalization by ISIS and other terrorist groups, and the appeal and lure of such groups seem unlikely to subside. A similar trend is also evident among youth in Muslim countries where the number of foreign fighters to terrorist groups seems unlikely to decrease. According to recent estimates, over 28,000 foreign fighters have joined ISIS in Syria and Iraq since 2011. The fact that so many youth have been radicalized to join terrorist groups is a cause for concern that requires closer scrutiny, understanding, and action by Western and other governments. The explanations and motivations as to why youth join terrorist groups abound; these include lack of education, poverty, religion discrimination, family background, and political and economic marginalization, among others. This research seeks to answer the question, are the youth in the United States, who are disconnected, more likely to become radicalized to terrorism? To answer this, various theoretical frameworks were researched and examined, such as relative deprivation, social movement theory, and psychological perspectives, to shed light on understanding this issue. / Director, Personnel Support Services and Benefits, Transportation Security Administration

This thesis is about social class and economic inequality, using the Goldthorpe class schema. It tests theories claiming that social class is increasingly irrelevant to inequality and people's life-chances with data on incomes and material living standards from the British Household Panel Survey. It covers the period over which the survey ran, i.e. 1991-2008. During this time many prominent social theories dismissed class analyses while others sought to retain the class concept but dismissed its economic foundations, seeking to ground it in culture instead. Economic inequality has not figured highly on the agenda of class analysts, at least not those working with the Goldthorpe class schema. There is a substantial body of work on mobility, voting behaviour, income poverty and material deprivation, but inequality in a broader sense has for the most part been neglected. This thesis is a step towards rectifying this situation. Thus it provides new information about within-career social mobility as well as income inequality within and between classes, on whether income mobility reduces class inequalities over time, and cast light on class inequalities in material living standards. The findings suggest that class is far from irrelevant to economic inequality. Class differences in incomes are persistent, between class inequalities contribute more to inequality overall than within-class inequalities, and while income mobility does reduce class inequalities over time it is not to the extent that supports the hypothesis that class is irrelevant to people's economic fortunes.

The aim of this thesis is to explore several aspects of occupation-based inequality in post-Soviet Russia that have previously been given little attention in the literature. The data sources for statistical analysis are the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) and the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP). Various statistical techniques have been used, such as regression models with random and fixed effects, nonparametric and semiparametric regression models, survival models and log-multiplicative models for contingency tables. First, the thesis looks at the validity of the application of the European Socio-Economic Classiffcation (ESeC) in Russia. The results show that ESeC classes in Russia are different in respect to several aspects of their employment contract, such as the probability of informal employment, the index of fringe benefits and unemployment risks. This confirms the validity of the ESeC for Russia. Second, the association between earnings and age is analyzed. The shape of cross-sectional age-earnings profiles in Russia is different from the shape in Western countries, especially for men. There is little variation in earnings across age groups, and younger men have higher average earnings than older men. The thesis suggests and discusses several explanations for this, such as age segregation in the labour market and the effect of class structure. Third, the thesis explores the class gap in mortality. Non-manual classes have lower mortality risks than manual classes, both for men and women. The size of the class gap in mortality in Russia is larger than in Western European countries. Fourth, the thesis constructs an occupational status scale and analyzes its properties. The scale is based on the information about intermarriages between occupational groups. The Russian scale is similar to the scales previously constructed for European countries and the USA. Overall, the thesis demonstrates similarity in the patterns of occupation-based inequality in Russia and in Western industrial countries. It also discusses some technical aspects of class analysis and suggests a more clear separation between the descriptive and causal logic within it.

This study presents the major ideas of Mahatma Gandhi on social stratification and social inequality. The methodology consists of systematically reading and analyzing the literature through which the theoretical components of social stratification in Gandhi's writings become more explicit, and evaluating these theoretical components. A systematic statement of Gandhi's theory of social stratification included the following five components. First, social differentiation is inherent in human nature. Gandhi believed in the universality of social differentiations and was convinced that societies were organized into the divisions on the basis of vocations. Second, relations among strata imply that a division of labor is essential for the stability and organization of society. Gandhi also implied that this division of labor is necessary and functional. Third, normative patterns establish traditions of heredity. To Gandhi, the four divisions in society defined a person's "calling" which is essential for social organization. Fourth, the system of stratification is the universal law that everyone is obliged to follow. Gandhi tried to legitimize social stratification through moral and religious values of the society. Fifth, social stratification system defines duties only and does not confer any privileges. To Gandhi, the divisions of people into strata was the best possible adjustment of social stability and progress. While accepting some form of social stratification for the benefit of total funcioning of the society, Gandhi refused to accept that social inequality necessarily grows out of the process of social stratification. To maintain the hereditary law of social stratification and reduce the inequality, Gandhi suggested the abolition of the present caste system and the revival of four orders of social organization, the removal of the concept of untouchability, the regulation of trusteeship, decentralization of power, the increase of women's status, and vocational education for all.

Orientador: Marcos Simão Figueiras / Resumo: O presente trabalho, em síntese, tem por objetivo investigar como o princípio da capacidade contributiva, previsto no artigo 145, § 1°, da Constituição Federal, tem sido aplicado pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal. Parte-se do pressuposto de que o Estado como instituição politicamente organizada atrai para si atribuições destinadas ao desenvolvimento e bem estar social dos cidadãos e que estes, por sua vez, devem contribuir financeiramente para o custeio das atividades desenvolvidas pelo Estado. Neste contexto, a imposição tributária se instala como contribuição de cada indivíduo em prol da coletividade. É justamente esta possibilidade de cada indivíduo concorrer para o financiamento do Estado, ou seja, a medida do sacrifício individual que o Estado poderá legitimamente cobrar revela a importância do princípio da capacidade contributiva como requisito a ser avaliado para garantir justiça na imposição tributária. Neste passo, a pesquisa se justifica para averiguar se há compatibilidade entre a interpretação dada pela doutrina e a jurisprudência da Corte Suprema do Brasil. A pesquisa parte da premissa de que a forma de tributação de Estado pode ser um instrumento de redução da desigualdade e promoção da cidadania e, desta forma, pretende contribuir para fomentar as discussões sobre a justiça fiscal no país. / Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the progress of the contributory capacity, provided for in article 145, paragraph 1, of the Federal Constitution, which has been applied by the Federal Supreme Court. The State has a political organization to attract and the attributions to the development and social welfare of the citizens and that, in turn, contribute financially to the cost of activities rich by the State. In this context, taxation imposes itself as a contribution of each individual to the benefit of the collectivity. It is possible that each individual competes for state funding, that is, a measure of individual sacrifice that can be assessed to do justice to taxation. In this article, the research is justified to ascertain if there is any difference between a given given by the doctrine and a jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of Brazil. The formation of an instrument to reduce inequality and promote citizenship and, thus, the use of an instrument to reduce inequality and promote citizenship in the country. / Mestre

[pt] Este trabalho aborda a temática da assistência estudantil na UFRJ. Tem enfoque particular na percepção dos estudantes moradores da residência estudantil acerca dos programas existentes na universidade destinados a apoiar a permanência dos discentes nos cursos de graduação. Para respaldar o estudo procedeu-se a uma análise da conjuntura atual da educação superior no Brasil no contexto de reestruturação produtiva e da incorporação dos princípios neoliberais no desenvolvimento das políticas sociais. A presente dissertação reflete sobre os conceitos de políticas sociais, cidadania e de desigualdade, condição esta que historicamente caracteriza o acesso a educação superior no Brasil. Aborda também as transformações da educação superior no Brasil a partir do processo de ampliação do campo da educação com as políticas de democratização do acesso, decorrentes do REUNI e da Lei 12.711 que dispõe sobre o ingresso nas universidades federais e nas instituições federais de ensino técnico de nível médio. O trabalho apresenta um breve histórico da assistência estudantil no Brasil e, em especial na UFRJ, onde o seu desenvolvimento culminou com a criação da Superintendência Geral de Políticas Estudantis, no contexto da aprovação do Decreto PNAES. Parte-se do pressuposto de que as políticas de democratização do acesso à universidade pública só se efetivarão se forem acompanhadas de ações que viabilizem a permanência, em especial dos estudantes das classes populares ou dos grupos desiguais que estão ingressando nas universidades. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, foi desenvolvida com estudantes inseridos no programa de moradia que ingressaram na universidade no ano de 2009. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 8 estudantes. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os programas de assistência estudantil existentes na UFRJ têm grande importância para a permanência dos estudantes em condição de desigualdade social e econômica. Apontam também para a necessidade de ampliação tanto quantitativa quanto qualitativa dos diversos serviços que compõem os programas de assistência estudantil. / [en] This study addresses the issue of student assistance at UFRJ. It has a particular focus on the perceptions of students who live in the student residence about existing programs at the university to support the stay of students in undergraduate courses. To support the study, an analysis of the current situation of higher education in Brazil in the context of productive restructuring and incorporation of neoliberal principles in the development of social policies was performed. This essay reflects on the concepts of social policy, citizenship and inequality, conditions that historically characterizes the access to higher education in Brazil. It also discusses the transformations of higher education in Brazil since the process of expansion of the education field with the policies of democratization of access arising from REUNI and Law 12.711 which describes the admission into federal universities and the federal institutions of technical high school education. The paper presents a brief history of student assistance in Brazil and especially in UFRJ, where its development resulted in the creation of the General Superintendent of Student Policies in the context of the approval of Decree PNAES. It is assumed that the policies of democratizing the access to public universities will only be successful if accompanied by actions that facilitate the stay, especially for students of social classes with economic difficulties or the unequal groups that in entering universities. The research is qualitative and it was developed with students, placed in housing program, who joined the university in 2009. Semi-structured interviews with eight students were performed. The results show that the exisiting student assistance programs at UFRJ have a great importance for the permanence at the university of students that are inserted in a condition of social and economic inequality. The data also indicate the need for both quantitative and qualitative expansion of the various services that compose the student assistance programs.

Nos últimos anos, especialmente após 2002, a utilização de programas de transferência de renda como forma de combate à pobreza se intensificou no Brasil, o que pode ser percebido pela implementação de diversos Programas de Transferência Condicionada de Renda, com grande destaque para o programa o Bolsa Família, criado em 2004. Este movimento foi acompanhado por uma forte queda na desigualdade de renda no Brasil, de tal forma que o índice de Gini medido pelo Ipea tenha atingido o seu menor patamar histórico. Neste contexto, é importante que se analise a capacidade de políticas de transferências compensatórias de renda afetarem a estrutura distributiva da economia brasileira. Ou seja, se programas nos moldes do Bolsa Família, os quais não alteram a estrutura econômica, afetam a distribuição da renda. Para cumprir este objetivo, foi utilizado um modelo baseado em uma Matriz de Contabilidade Social inter-regional construída neste trabalho, de forma a considerar as relações inter-setoriais, inter-regionais e entre os setores institucionais, combinando informações de uma matriz insumo-produto inter-regional com informações das Contas Econômicas Integradas e de pesquisas domiciliares POF e PNAD do IBGE. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho mostram que transferências de renda, nos moldes do programa Bolsa Família, podem resultar em impactos positivos sobre a distribuição da renda, em suas formas pessoal e regional. As reduções apresentadas pelo índice de Gini, neste trabalho, variam de 0,70% e 0,99%, dependendo da regra de fechamento considerada, sendo que esta redução foi mais intensa nas regiões mais pobres, no norte e nordeste do país, que apresentaram reduções no índice de Gini regional, pelo menos, 22% superiores à redução do Gini Nacional. Parte da redução observada na desigualdade nacional foi resultado da melhora na distribuição inter-regional da renda, apresentando quedas que variarem entre 3,02% e 3,65% na desigualdade inter-regional da renda medida pelo índice T-Theil, dependendo da regra de fechamento considerada. Mas, apesar disto, analisando separadamente os impactos diretos dos impactos indiretos e induzidos sobre a renda das famílias, percebe-se que os efeitos do segundo grupo provocam um aumento na concentração da renda. Isso ocorre porque a forma de introdução das famílias na estrutura econômica provoca um aumento da desigualdade de renda, isso porque o consumo das famílias beneficiárias e das famílias de forma geral apresenta um viés concentrador. Embora esta tendência concentradora seja mais do que compensada pelas transferências iniciais, ela indica que o funcionamento do sistema econômico brasileiro promove a concentração da renda, e que a melhora da distribuição de renda provocada pelas transferências é resultado de mecanismos artificiais, não sustentáveis de forma independente. Portanto, programas de transferência de renda devem ser tomados como ações emergenciais, sendo que medidas que visem alterar a distribuição de renda no Brasil de forma sustentável devem buscar alterações na estrutura distributiva nacional. / In the last few years, especially after 2002, the use of Cash Transfers Programmes to deal with poverty got deepen in Brazil. That is evidencied by the implementation of a several Conditional Cash Transfers Programmes, more significantly, the Bolsa Família Programme, created in 2004. This movement was followed by an intense fall of the income inequality in Brazil, that pushed the Gini index, estimated by Ipea, to its lower level. With this background, its important to analise the capacity of compensatory cash transfers policies to affect the distributive framework of the brasilian economy. That is, if programmes Bolsa Família-like, with no effect in the economic estructure, can change the income distribution. To reach this objective, it was applied a SAM-based model, with a interregional Social Accounting Matrix created in this study, as a mean to include inter-sectorial, inter-regional and inter-institutions relations. This matrix combine the informations from a interregional Input-Output table with data from Contas Econômicas Integradas (Integrated Economic Accounts) and household surveys (POF and PNAD), from IBGE. The results obtained in this study show that cash transfers, with the pattern of Bolsa Família programme, can result in positive impacts on the income distribution, in both, personal and regional views. The reduction presented by the Gini index, in this research, varied from 0,70% to 0,99%, depending on the closure rule in consideration, and the reduction was more intense in the poorest regions, brazilian north and northeast, that presented reductions, at least, 22% higher than the national Gini fall. Part of the reduction observed in the national income inequality is consequence of an improvement in the interregional distribution of income, with reductions of the T-Theil index that varied from 3,02% to 3,65%, depending on the closure rule in consideration. However, when analysing separately the direct impacts from the indirect and induced impacts, one can realise that the second order effects (indirect and induced effects) lead to a increase in income inequality. This happens because the way that the household sector interact with the economic framework increases the income concentration, this is shown by the concentrative bias of the consumption pattern of the beneficiaries household and of the household as a hole. In spite of the fact that this concentation tendency is more than compensated by the initial transfers, it indicates that the functioning of the brazilian economic system promotes the income concentration, and that the improve in income distribution caused by the cash transfers results from artificial mechanisms, non- sustainable in a independent way. Therefore, cash transfer programmes should be taken as temporary actions, and that policies that target in sustainable income ditribution modifications in Brazil, must search for structural changes in the national distributional framework.

Introdução: Estudos mostram que os efeitos das desigualdades nos perfis de mortalidade em diferentes grupos sociais estão associados a fatores sociais, culturais e econômicos. A análise desses perfis, relativos aos cânceres de mama e de colo do útero em mulheres residentes no Município de São Paulo, por local de domicílio, permitirá estimar o risco de morrer por estes cânceres nesses grupos sociais. Tal saber trará subsídios para ações específicas dos serviços públicos no controle dos fatores de risco e na organização dos serviços de saúde. Objetivo: Descrever padrões de mortalidade pelos cânceres de mama e de colo do útero de mulheres com idade mínima de 15 anos, residentes no Município de São Paulo, segundo variações geográficas, temporais e socioeconômicas, de 1996 a 2006. Método: Estudo ecológico temporal por meio dos óbitos provenientes do Sistema de Informações Sobre Mortalidade SIM, que, no Município de São Paulo é processado pelo Programa de Aprimoramento da Informação de Mortalidade PRO-AIM, da Secretaria Municipal de São Paulo. Na análise espacial, os 96 distritos do Município foram agrupados em oito Regiões, conforme divisão administrativa elaborada pela Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados (FSEADE) e pela Secretaria Municipal de Assistência e Desenvolvimento Social de São Paulo (SMADS). A série temporal observou o período de 1996 a 2006, em três cortes, triênios 1996/1997/1998, 1999/2000/2001 e 2004/2005/2006. Tal arranjo visou compensar possíveis flutuações de um único ano. Para comparar os coeficientes de mortalidade pelas duas localizações anatômicas do tumor, nas regiões e no tempo, os coeficientes foram padronizados por idade, pelo método direto, tendo como população padrão a do Município de São Paulo em 2000. Na análise das condições socioeconômicas adotou-se o Índice de Inclusão/Exclusão (IEX) como proxy para acesso e utilização dos serviços públicos de saúde. Na avaliação da dependência espacial entre as variáveis foram utilizados os Índices de Moran Global e Local. Realizaram-se mapas temáticos (coropléticos) de São Paulo, através dos softwares TerraView 3.3.0 e Philcarto versão 5.0. Resultados: Embora os coeficientes de mortalidade pelos cânceres de mama e de colo do útero tenham se mantido quase estacionários em São Paulo, nos triênios enfocados, ao serem eliminadas as diferenças nas estruturas etárias das populações, os níveis de crescimento foram sempre superiores à do Estado, mesmo nas regiões com menor risco de ambos os cânceres. A análise espacial mostrou concordância entre as regiões mais centrais (maiores valores do IEX) e áreas de maior risco para o câncer de mama. Da mesma forma, as regiões mais periféricas (valores mais baixos do IEX) foram as áreas de maior risco para o câncer de colo do útero. Conclusão: Considerando-se as limitações apresentadas, pode-se concluir que os padrões de mortalidade por cânceres de mama e de colo do útero, no Município de São Paulo, retratam a existência de problemas de saúde tanto nas regiões com baixo IEX (com maior disponibilidade de recursos e equipamentos de saúde) como nas regiões com altos IEX, que necessitam aperfeiçoamentos nos programas de screening e na oferta de serviços especializados. Espera-se que a presença destas associações possa contribuir na implementação de políticas de atenção à saúde das mulheres, favorecendo intervenções setoriais prementes a cada grupo populacional. / Introduction: Several studies have shown that effects of inequalities in the mortality profiles and in different social groups are associated with social, cultural and economic factors. The analysis of the mortality due to breast cancer and cervix in women living in São Paulo, by local of residence, permitted to estimate the risk of dying from these cancers in different social groups. This knowledge would provide motivation for specific actions of public services in the control of risk factors and the organization of health services. Objective: To describe patterns of mortality due to breast cancer and cancer of the cervix in women aged 15 years and over, living in São Paulo, according to geographical, temporal and socioeconomic profile variations, from 1996 to 2006. Methods: Ecological study using time of death from the Mortality Information System - SIM, which, in São Paulo is processed by the Information Program of Improvement of Mortality - PRO-AIM from the Municipal Secretariat of São Paulo. For spatial analysis, the 96 districts of the city of São Paulo were grouped into eight Regions of administrative division, adopted by the State Foundation of the System of Data Analysis and Municipal Secretary of Social Assistance and Development of São Paulo. The time series comprehends 1996 to 2006, in three sections, 1996/1997/1998, 1999/2000/2001, 2004/2005/2006. This arrangement aims to reduce possible fluctuations occurring in a given year. To ensure the comparability of mortality rates of the two anatomic locations of tumors between the regions and in time, the coefficients were adjusted by age, by the direct method, considering as the standard population, persons living in São Paulo in 2000. For the analysis of socioeconomic conditions was used as a \"proxy\", the Index of Inclusion/Exclusion (IEX), for the possibilities of access and use of public health services. To evaluate the spatial dependence between variables were used indices of Global and Local Moran. Thematic maps were assembled (coropletic), through the software TerraView Philcarto version 3.3.0 and 5.0. Results: Although mortality rates for breast cancer and the cervix have remained almost stationary for the city of São Paulo, looking the adjusted rates, it was detected that levels were always higher than the state, even in regions with lower risk of both cancers. The spatial analysis showed a concordance between the most central regions (with highest values of IEX) and areas with the greatest risks for breast cancer. Similarly, there was a coincidence between the more periferical regions and the areas with the lowest rates of IEX, identified as areas of greatest risk for cancer of the cervix. Conclusion: Taking into account the limitations of this study, we can conclude that the pattern of mortality from breast cancer and cervix uteri, in São Paulo, shows the existence of health problems in both regions, with a low IEX (greater resources and availability of health equipment) or an high IEX (there is a need for improvements in screening programs and provision of specialist services). The knowledge of these associations may help the implementation of health care policies for women, promoting measures for sectional interventions targeting to each population group.

A abordagem sobre Mobilidade Urbana se deu sobre um conceito mais sustentável que leve a mudanças de hábitos em relação ao uso racional do automóvel essenciais para a Promoção da Saúde. Propostas como deslocamento ativo (andar a pé, de bicicleta e outros) foram aqui discutidas. Os congestionamentos causados pelo excesso de veículos nas ruas levam ao stress, a poluição do ar, a violência no trânsito e isso tudo acaba interferindo nos deslocamentos das pessoas e das crianças em idade escolar, nossa população de estudo. Analisar as vivências de crianças na faixa etária de 11 a 14 anos, que frequentam o Ensino Fundamental no município de São Paulo sobre mobilidade casa/escola/casa e outras atividades considerando as desigualdades sociais existentes entre os territórios da cidade foi nosso objetivo geral. A Pesquisa foi qualitativa e quantitativa, de caráter exploratório. A pesquisa incluiu no processo metodológico, a análise documental das Políticas de Mobilidade Urbana no âmbito Nacional, Estadual e Internacional e a aplicação de questionário, via tablet para os escolares além de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com questões abertas, com assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido assinado pelos entrevistados técnicos (gestores) que trabalham nas áreas de Mobilidade Urbana, Planejamento Urbano, Transporte e Trânsito da cidade de São Paulo, após aprovação do Comitê de Ética. A interpretação do material coletado seguiu os ensinamentos da \"análise de conteúdo de Bardin\". Resultados obtidos mostraram que a maiorias das crianças se deslocam a pé para escola, apesar dos perigos encontrados no caminho, independente do índice de maior exclusão/menor exclusão. Algumas utilizam vans escolares da Prefeitura ou Particular, mas relataram que gostaria de fazer o trajeto a pé para conversar com os amigos. Algumas crianças disseram ter sofrido assédio por estranhos no caminho casa/escola/casa. A Política de Mobilidade Urbana da cidade São Paulo pareceu frágil em alguns aspectos na opinião dos entrevistados que sugeriram algumas mudanças. Conclui-se que existe a necessidade de Políticas e Programas de Mobilidade Urbana para crianças em idade escolar, uma vez que a política atual não contempla essas ações diretamente. Parcerias com Governos (Federal, Estadual e Municipal) são necessárias para construção dessas políticas e implementação de modelos de gestão. A participação da população nesse processo é de grande importância. / The approach on urban mobility was based on a more sustainable concept that may lead to changes in mobility habits and rational car usage, which are essential to health promotion. Some proposals that include active displacement (walking, cycling and others) were discussed. Traffic jams caused by the increased number of vehicles on the streets lead to stress, air pollution, and violence. These factors may interfere in the displacement of the general population and school-age children. Our main objective was to analyze the experiences of children, between the ages of 11 and 14 years, attending an elementary school in the city of São Paulo, on home-to-school-to-home transport and other activities, considering the socio-territorial inequality. This is a qualitative and quantitative research. Document analysis was made of the national, state and international urban mobility policies. The school-age children responded to questionnaires via tablet. Semi-structured interviews were administered to managers in charge of urban mobility and planning, transport and road traffic of the city of São Paulo, who provided a signed informed consent after approval by the Research Ethics Committee. Data analyses were based on content analysis proposed by Bardin. The results showed that most children went to school on foot and only a few were transported by public or private school minivans. The urban mobility policy of the city of Sao Paulo seemed inefficient in some respects, according to the respondents, who also suggested some changes. It is concluded that there is a need for urban mobility policies and programs for school-age children since the current policy does not cover these issues. Partnerships with the federal, state and local authorities are required to establish such policies and to implement management models. The participation of the population in this process is of utmost importance.