The study is focused on the interactional strategies used by interviewees in radio discourse, which are face-saving, relationship-securing and cooperative strategies. The interviewees’ speech is analysed according to their use of the selected discourse operators, which are the hedge you know, the personal pronoun you, personal address as well as greeting questions, information-seeking, reassuring and tag-questions. The results turned out to be almost similar to previous research. The face-saving strategy is shown to be male-dominant, while the relationship-securing and the cooperative strategies proved to have female dominance. The results are contrasted and reviewed by using two different kinds of normalization. The normalization is done both according to the percentage of the selected items and the percentage of the space used for every selected item and strategy.

São mais de cento e trinta anos de imigração tirolesa no Brasil. Ainda não sabemos exatamente qual o número real de imigrantes tiroleses que, saídos principalmente da região trentina no final do século XIX, desembarcaram em terras brasileiras com suas esperanças e o sonho de far lAmérica. Sabemos, entretanto, que sua influência cultural deixou contribuições importantes na sociedade brasileira, sobretudo nos estados do Sul e Sudeste. O presente trabalho propõe analisar a fala da comunidade tirolesa (trentina) da cidade de Piracicaba, formada por dois bairros: Santana e Santa Olímpia. Juntos, os bairros rurais são a mais significativa colônia tirolesa do estado de São Paulo, cuja variante do português, marcadamente influenciada pelo dialeto trentino (ainda mantido na comunidade e ali chamado tirolés), destaca e diferencia seus moradores no contexto linguístico piracicabano. As análises registram os aspectos principais dessa variante do português e acreditamos que servirão, alfim, para um melhor conhecimento sobre a comunidade tirolesa de Piracicaba, bem como para uma compreensão mais abrangente acerca da diversidade linguística das comunidades de imigração do Brasil. / More than one hundred and thirty years have passed since the tyrolean immigration in Brazil has began and we still do not know the exactly real number of tyrolean immigrants that landed in brazilian territories with their hopes and dreams of \"far lAmerica\", most of them coming from the Trentino region in the late nineteenth century. We know, however, that their cultural influence left important contributions in the brazilian society, especially in the states of the south and southeast. This work proposes to analyze the speech of the tyrolean community (from Trentino) in the city of Piracicaba, comprised of two neighborhoods: Santana and Santa Olimpia. Together, the rural districts are the most significant tyrolean colony of São Paulo state, in which the portuguese language variant highlights and differentiates the people who lives there from the linguistic context of the city of Piracicaba, strongly influenced by the Trentinian dialect ( which remains in those neighborhoods).. The analysis show the main aspects of this variant of the portuguese language and we believe that they will be useful to better understand the tyrolean community of Piracicaba as well to improve the knowledge about the linguistic diversity of communities of immigrants in Brazil.

Orientador: Lucy Seki / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T02:39:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camargo_NayaradaSilva_M.pdf: 21231054 bytes, checksum: ff5be54a381c566bee9a5f794d6a3fbe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A língua Tapayúna, objeto de estudo desta pesquisa, faz parte do tronco lingüístico Macro-Jê, família Jê. É falada por um povo de mesmo nome que se localiza no norte do Mato Grosso (MT) em uma aldeia denominada Kaweretxikô. O trabalho tem como objetivos (1) apresentar um levantamento sociolingüístico da língua Tapayúna e (2) realizar uma análise fonológica preliminar da língua. O trabalho inclui uma introdução, três capítulos, conclusão, bibliografia e ainda um apêndice com fotos do povo Tapayúna. Na introdução são apresentados os objetivos, metodologia de pesquisa, fundamentação teórica e informações sobre o trabalho de campo e sobre os auxiliares. No Capítulo I são abordados aspectos históricos e sociolingüísticos do Tapayúna, mostrando-se que a língua sofre uma forte pressão do Suyá e Mebengôkre, proximamente aparentadas. O Capítulo II é dedicado à análise fonética da língua e o Capítulo III, à análise fonológica baseada em teoria linear estruturalista (Pikeana). Na conclusão são resumidos os resultados e previsões de futuros trabalhos sobre a língua Tapayúna. O apêndice contém fotos do povo / Abstract: The Tapayúna language, main object of this study, is part of the major linguistic group Macro-Jê, from Jê Linguistic family. This language is spoken by homonymous people, which can be found in the north of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, in a village called Kaweretxikô. The main purposes of this thesis are: 1) to present a sociolinguistic view from Tapayúna language; 2) to make a preliminary phonological analysis of the current language. This study includes: an introduction, three chapters, conclusion, bibliography and appendix, with pictures from Tapayúna people. The introduction section includes the research objectives, methodology of study, theoretical basis and information about the field research and informers. In chapter I we present the historical and sociolinguistic context in which Tapayúna people find themselves, showing the huge pressures from Suyá and Mebengôkre languages, which are linguistically very close to Tapayúna. In Chapter II we present a phonetic analysis of the language and the Chapter III brings up the discussion about the phonology of the language, based on Structuralist linear phonological theory - Pikean method. In the conclusion we present a summary of the results found and show some perspective of work on Tapayúna language. The appendix contains photos from Tapayúna people / Mestrado / Linguistica / Mestre em Linguística

Submitted by Inês Marinho (bele_ballet@hotmail.com) on 2016-06-20T13:26:59Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Filipe Wanderley Misturini.pdf: 889111 bytes, checksum: 4726d57926665b3141571fe87adcebf4 (MD5) Ficha Catalografica - Filipe Wanderley Misturini.pdf: 1866 bytes, checksum: ff02abb4bcc900dc9c60bdad7de8db3a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2016-06-23T19:17:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Filipe Wanderley Misturini.pdf: 889111 bytes, checksum: 4726d57926665b3141571fe87adcebf4 (MD5) Ficha Catalografica - Filipe Wanderley Misturini.pdf: 1866 bytes, checksum: ff02abb4bcc900dc9c60bdad7de8db3a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2016-06-23T19:18:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Filipe Wanderley Misturini.pdf: 889111 bytes, checksum: 4726d57926665b3141571fe87adcebf4 (MD5) Ficha Catalografica - Filipe Wanderley Misturini.pdf: 1866 bytes, checksum: ff02abb4bcc900dc9c60bdad7de8db3a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-23T19:18:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Filipe Wanderley Misturini.pdf: 889111 bytes, checksum: 4726d57926665b3141571fe87adcebf4 (MD5) Ficha Catalografica - Filipe Wanderley Misturini.pdf: 1866 bytes, checksum: ff02abb4bcc900dc9c60bdad7de8db3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-27 / FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / This research has as object of study the textbook of Portuguese for foreigners. We understand that no textbook is a finished product. There is always something to be known, studied and investigated in its pages, texts and activities. In our specific case, we chose five manuals bringing in their titles and / or covers the issue of Brazilian Portuguese and Brazil as a market differentiator. All these books were made with a mission: to increase the students‟s language proficiency, especially in relation to speak Portuguese. It was from this bold proposal to make the student to speak Brazilian Portuguese that our concerns have emerged: was the book, in fact, presenting the Portuguese of Brazil? Was the grammar being presented in an innovative or just traditional way? What is the view of language that guides these materials? From this, we needed to elect what exactly to study in Brazilian Portuguese in order to investigate the manuals. From the reading of Bagno (2010) we chose four variants of contemporary cultured Brazilian Portuguese: the anaphoric resumption of direct object of third person, the verb ter (to have) with the meaning of existir (exist), relativization strategies verb ir (go) with sense of direction. In addition to these variants, we set out to examine books through other issues which were punctuated by a program of UEL (State University of Londrina) called ENPFOL (Teaching Portuguese to Speaker of Other Languages: further experience at graduation). The proposals in this program seemed quite positive since it was the teacher preparation to analyze and investigate textbooks for later select them. When analyze, thus, other issues in our books, such as cultural aspects, objectives and target audience, arrangement of different linguistic components, list of contents and nature of activities and context. The results show that mosto of the variants investigated in these manuals reflect a vision of language in a traditional way which is far from spoken Brazilian Portuguese. / Essa pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo o livro didático de português para estrangeiros. Entendemos que nenhum livro didático é um produto acabado. Há sempre em suas páginas, seus textos e atividades algo a ser conhecido, estudado e investigado. No nosso caso especificamente, escolhemos cinco manuais que traziam em seus títulos e/ou capas a questão do Português Brasileiro e do Brasil como um diferencial de mercado. Todos esses livros foram feitos com uma missão: levar o aluno a aumentar sua proficiência linguística, principalmente em relação à produção oral. Foi a partir dessa ousada proposta de levar o aluno a falar o português brasileiro que surgiram nossas inquietações: o livro estaria, de fato, apresentando a língua portuguesa falada no Brasil? Estaria a gramática sendo apresentada numa visão inovadora ou apenas tradicional? Qual é a visão de língua que norteia esses materiais? A partir disso, precisamos eleger o que exatamente estudar do Português Brasileiro (PB) oral para investigação nos manuais. A partir da leitura de Bagno (2010), elegemos quatro variantes do PB culto contemporâneo: a retomada anafórica de objeto direto de terceira pessoa; o verbo ter com sentido de existir; as estratégias de relativização e o verbo ir com sentido de direção. Além dessas variantes, foi nosso objetivo analisar os livros através de outras questões as quais foram pontuadas por um programa da UEL (Universidade Estadual de Londrina) chamado ENPFOL (Ensinando Português para Falantes de Outras Línguas: experiência complementar na graduação). As propostas desse programa nos pareceram bastante positivas uma vez que se tratava da preparação de professores para analisar e investigar livros didáticos para mais tarde selecioná-los. Analisamos, assim, outras questões nos nossos livros, tais como aspectos culturais, objetivos e público-alvo, disposição dos diferentes componentes linguísticos, lista de conteúdos e natureza das atividades e contexto. Os resultados revelam que a maioria das variantes investigadas nesses manuais ainda reflete uma visão de língua tradicional e distante do Português Brasileiro culto contemporâneo falado.

Quelles sont les langues parlées dans les films taïwanais ? Quels sont les rapports entre ces langues et le cinéma de Taïwan ? Loin d’être des questions secondaires, ces interrogations nous permettent de mieux saisir et distinguer les différentes caractéristiques du cinéma taïwanais dans son développement depuis plus d’un demi-siècle. En effet, plusieurs langues cohabitant dans ce pays, le plurilinguisme y est non seulement un fait social, mais aussi un des caractères importants de son cinéma. En partant d’une perspective linguistique, l’objet de cette recherche est d’étudier les liens complexes entre les langues d’un pays et les films qu’il produit. La première partie de la présente étude est consacrée à décrire le développement de ce cinéma et les évolutions des langues dans la société depuis cent ans. À travers cette approche historique, qui concerne aussi bien des auteurs internationalement reconnus que les genres populaires nationaux, nous remarquons comment l’utilisation des langues, tant pour les habitants que pour les films, est fort influencée par les pouvoirs politiques, le développement économique et les interactions entre communautés, si bien que le cinéma a proposé différentes formules linguistiques aux cours des périodes successives. À partir de cette observation, ce travail analyse quatre films dans la deuxième partie et étudie les relations entre les langues utilisées, les positions sociales des personnages, le récit et le style. Avec ces études de cas, nous découvrons que l’utilisation des langues dans les films ne s’arrête pas uniquement à la fonction de narration, mais se rattache aussi étroitement à la société et à la culture, contribuant à la richesse du cinéma taïwanais. / Which languages are spoken in Taiwanese films? What are the links between these languages and Taiwan cinema? These questions, far from being secondary, will help us to understand and distinguish different characteristics of Taiwan cinema in its development over more than half a century. Indeed, with the coexistence of several languages in Taiwan, multilingualism is both a social fact and an important feature of its cinema. The aim of this research is to examine, from a linguistic perspective, the complex relationships between languages spoken in Taiwan and its cinema. The first part of this thesis will describe the development of Taiwan cinema and the evolution of languages in its society over the last one hundred years. Through this historical approach, which addresses world renowned authors and those writing in popular national genres, we will see how the use of languages is, as much for the people as the films, strongly influenced by governmental policy, economic development and interactions between communities, to the point where Taiwan cinema features the multiple languages used during different historical periods. Based on these observations, we will then analyze four films in the second part and discuss the relationships between languages, narrative, style, and the social position of characters in the films. With these case studies, we will see how the use of languages in the films is not just a narrative function, but also something which closely connects society and culture and contributes to the richness of Taiwan cinema.

Depuis le début du XXIème siècle, la pratique du SMS interroge sur l’usage qui est fait des normes linguistiques traditionnelles dans les écrits du quotidien. Au regard de l’histoire de l’écriture, la rapidité de son avènement en tant que pratique privilégiée de la communication interpersonnelle renvoie aux questionnements sur la diffusion de toute pratique émergente : comment les gens l’utilisent-ils ? Dans quelle mesure le support qu’est le téléphone portable influence-t-il la graphie ? Les divers choix rédactionnels sont-ils liés aux paramètres d’âge, de genre, de lieu de résidence, de niveau d’études, ou d’expérience du SMS ? L’écriture SMS possède-t-elle des caractéristiques homogènes ? Quel rapport entretient-elle avec l’oral ? Peut-elle être le creuset de futures évolutions de la langue écrite ? Par l’analyse linguistique manuelle de plus de 10 000 SMS authentiques rédigés en français, issus de collectes réalisées en Belgique, sur l’île de la Réunion, en Suisse, au Québec et dans le sud de la France, cette étude montre que l’écriture SMS, générée dans le cadre d’échanges majoritairement informels où le contexte joue un rôle crucial, tend vers l’appropriation personnelle du code graphique, sans que la norme orthographique standard soit systématiquement mise à mal. Il en ressort que l’écriture SMS apparait comme révélatrice de l‘identité de chacun, en termes de rapport à l’écriture et de capacités d’adaptation du discours. Ces recherches indiquent également que l’écriture SMS présente parfois des traits qui rendent compte de l’existence d’un lien fort entre code graphique et oralisation cognitive d’un message. / Since the beginning of the XXIst century, the SMS practice questions the use of traditional linguistics norms in daily writings. According to the history of writing, its rapid growth as a prefered practice in interpersonal communication refers to questions about the dissemination of any emergent practice: how people use-it? In which way does a support such as a mobile phone influence the way of spelling? Could the writings depend on the age, gender, place of residency, education level or experience of SMS? Does SMS writing have homogeneous characteristics? Is-it related to the oral language? Can it be the cradle of the evolutions of written language? By manual analysis of linguistic of more than 10,000 authentic SMS in French, from corpora collected in Belgium, Reunion Island, Switzerland, Quebec and southern France, this study shows that SMS writing is aimed at personal appropriation of the graphic code, without orthographic standard systematically suffering. It shows that SMS writing reveals everyone’s identity, in terms of their relationship to writing and ability to adapt the discourse. This research also indicates that SMS writing can sometimes present caracteristics that account for the existence of a strong link between graphic code and cognitive oralisation of a message.

Följande studie är baserad på en undersökning med sociolingvistisk inriktning och syftar till att undersöka vad lärare väljer att inkludera i sin undervisning som rör språklig variation. Studien syftar även till att undersöka vad dessa val beror på och vilka konsekvenser dessa val kan tänkas få. Empirin utgörs av en kvantitativ enkätundersökning där lärare har fått delge information om sin undervisning samt sina åsikter och uppfattningar kring begreppet språklig variation. Tidigare forskning visar bland annat att språklig variation, eller snarare brister i kunskap, förståelse och tolerans kring språklig variation kan bidra till att vissa elever inte får samma förutsättningar för lärande. Den bearbetade och analyserade empirin visar att momentet språklig variation ingår i samtliga lärares undervisning i kursen Svenska 1. Det råder en samsyn kring begreppet språklig variation enligt lärarnas definitioner. Det framkommer dock att majoriteten av de tillfrågade anser att momentet får mindre tid och utrymme än andra moment i kursen Svenska 1 och att några av delområdena (lekterna) inom momentet inte inkluderas i samma utsträckning. Valet av stoff påverkas bland annat av elevgrupp, erfarenhet, intresse, aktualitet och den tid man har till sitt förfogande. Momentet språklig variation är en del av alla tillfrågade informanters undervisning och även om momentet inte får lika mycket tid och utrymme som andra moment i kursen Svenska 1, så skattas momentet som viktigt och betydelsefullt. Dessutom kan sägas att informanterna i följande undersökning berör de flest delar av momentet i större utsträckning än vad som först antogs. / The following study is based on a study with a sociolinguistic focus and aims to investigate what teachers choose to include in their teaching regarding linguistic variation. The study also aims to investigate what these choices depend on and what consequences these choices might have.The empirical materialconsistsof a quantitative survey where teachers have been given information about their teaching as well as their opinions about the concept of linguistic variation. Previous research shows, among other things, that linguistic variation, or rather deficiencies inknowledge, understanding and tolerance around linguistic variation can contribute to the fact that some students do not have the same conditions for learning. The worked and analyzed empirical evidence shows that the element of linguistic variation is included in all teachers 'teaching in the course Swedish1. There is a consensus on the concept of linguistic variation according to the teachers' definitions. However, it turns out that the majority of those surveyed consider that the part gets less time andspace than other parts of the course and that some of the sub-areas within the part are not included to the same extent. The choice of material is influenced, among other things, by the group of students, experience, interest, timeliness and the time available to them. The subject linguistic variation is part of all the informants' teaching and although the subject does not get as much time and space as other parts of the course Svenska 1,linguistic variation is considered to be valuable and important. In addition, it can be said that the informants in the following survey includes most parts of thelinguistic variationin their teachingto a greater extent than was initially assumed.

Word forming process of clipping and its presentation and comprehension in French textbooks at B1 level This diploma thesis focuses on the word formation process of clipping and its presentation and seizing in French textbooks at the B1 level. The theoretical part of the work aims to describe the clipping in the context of other word forming processes and to provide basic information about this process based on the study of professional publications. This part of the work defines clipping and presents the basic typology (apocope and apheresis). Based on specific examples, the thesis describes the morphological and phonetic attributes of clipping, and also mentions specific forms of words associated with this process, such as lexical amalgams. In addition, the theoretical part mentions the words classes usually affected by clipping, the question of grammatical categories or the concept of clipping in the Czech language. The aim of the practical part is to analyse the occurence of the process of clipping in teaching at high schools, using three contemporary French textbooks at the B1 level according to CEFR. The presence or absence of the clipping process in the teaching is also analysed via questionnaire research in selected years of high school. The thesis is based on the assumption that the...

Magister Philosophiae - MPhil / This study focuses on the learning experiences of adult learners entering higher education for the first time. Based in the Department of Adult Education and Extra-Mural Studies at the University of Cape Town, it analyses the experiences of successful adult learners on the first year (1995) of a formal Certificate Programme in Adult Education, Training and Development. The study concludes that the ways in which contexts and learning relate is complex. We need to understand that it is at the intersection of the individual and the social that meaning is made and negotiated in learning. This understanding, it is argued, is crucial to better understand the relationship between access, learning and success - within but also across contexts. The implications of this are raised tentatively by looking at alternative approaches to curriculum development and teaching-learning processes.

2010 a été proclamée Année croisée de la Russie en France, mais quel est le statut de la langue russe au sein de l’enseignement public français depuis la désagrégation de l’Union soviétique en 1991 ? quelles sont les politiques linguistiques et éducatives des deux pays à l’égard de la langue russe en France métropolitaine ? pourquoi les élèves faisant actuellement leurs études en France choisissent le russe comme la langue vivante prioritaire (LV1, LV2) ? quelles images de la Russie ont les apprenants et les enseignants en France ? Afin de donner des réponses à ces questions, nous avons d’abord fait l’état des lieux sur la situation actuelle de l’enseignement du russe en dressant la liste des établissements où le russe est enseigné, les effectifs aux niveaux académique et national, les changements depuis 1991 (dus aux activités publiques ou associatives) ; puis dans un second temps, à partir d’un échantillon représentatif de quatorze Académies de France, nous avons étudié les représentations sociolinguistiques des apprenants et recueilli les témoignages des enseignants. La méthodologie du travail repose sur une enquête par questionnaire, ainsi que par entretiens individuels avec des professeurs de russe, l’objectif étant de déterminer les motivations, d’analyser les représentations et de déduire les problèmes rencontrés lors de l’enseignement / l’apprentissage du russe. Finalement, il est question des perspectives et des stratégies pour la promotion du russe en France. / While 2010 was announced as the “Year of Russia” in France, what in fact is the status of the Russian language within the French public education system since the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991? What are the language policies of both the French republic and the Russian federation with regard to the teaching of the Russian language in Metropolitan France? Why do pupils choose Russian as their first or second foreign language? Finally, what image do French students and teachers have of Russia? In order to answer these questions we must firstly examine the current situation with regard to the teaching of Russian in France. We will look at the establishments where Russian is taught, the number of pupils at both the academic and national levels, and the changes since 1991 (due to public or associative activities). Secondly, starting from a representative sample (case study) of fourteen academies in France, the sociolinguistic representations of pupils and the teachers’ testimonies were studied. The research methodology is based on survey by questionnaire andindividual interviews. These studies are then used to determine the motivations, analysing the representations and deducing the problems encountered in the teaching and learning of Russian. Finally, the prospects and promotion strategies of Russian language in France were given.