Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-02-22T19:16:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 brunodefilippohorta.pdf: 1718889 bytes, checksum: f7601a1fd6c7ec4758620ca1a3708f9a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-23T12:01:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 brunodefilippohorta.pdf: 1718889 bytes, checksum: f7601a1fd6c7ec4758620ca1a3708f9a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-23T12:02:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 brunodefilippohorta.pdf: 1718889 bytes, checksum: f7601a1fd6c7ec4758620ca1a3708f9a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-23T12:02:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 brunodefilippohorta.pdf: 1718889 bytes, checksum: f7601a1fd6c7ec4758620ca1a3708f9a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-26 / A Sociolinguística demonstra que a variação ocorre em todos os níveis da língua e nos ajuda a compreender as transformações que ocorrem em uma língua natural. A aplicação dos estudos sociolinguísticos ao ensino de língua portuguesa representa a temática central deste trabalho. No âmbito teórico, suas contribuições primordiais advêm das pesquisas empreendidas por William Labov (1972; 1975; 1983; 1987; 2008). No Brasil, essa vertente tem hoje espaço cada vez mais amplo, através de estudos empreendidos por quantidade considerável de pesquisadores (BAGNO; 2002; 2006; 2007; 2010; BORTONI-RICARDO, 2004; 2005; 2011; CASTILHO, 2010; FARACO, 2008; PERINI; 2010). Observamos, na literatura sociolinguística voltada ao ensino de língua materna, a consolidação da visão de que não se pode continuar tratando a linguagem em sala de aula pelo viés dicotômico entre língua certa e língua errada, sob pena de desconstruirmos crenças positivas dos alunos sobre suas variedades linguísticas e de afastarmos esse ensino dos ideais da promoção de uma educação linguística que nutra o aluno de recursos e repertórios linguísticos que lhe permitam atuar nos diversos contextos de sua vida social e promova o respeito por toda e qualquer variedade de sua língua. Em conformidade com esses pressupostos, objetivamos investigar se o trabalho com a disciplina língua portuguesa no município de Juiz de Fora (MG) se dá mediante essa abordagem pautada nos postulados sociolinguísticos e se existe um planejamento para o tratamento da variação linguística em sala de aula. Dessa forma, desenvolvemos pesquisa qualitativa de base etnográfica em educação (ANDRÉ, 2000) em quatro escolas desse município. Para isso, realizarmos observações de aulas de língua portuguesa e entrevistamos professores durante cada período de observação. Como resultados, temos que o ensino de língua portuguesa pautado por uma pedagogia da variação ainda se encontra distante das salas de aula. Ainda que haja exceções, estas constituem flagrante minoria, que se propõe a trabalhar pelo viés sociolinguístico com reflexões pautadas por contrastes entre variantes da língua e sobre preconceito linguístico. Ao comparamos as entrevistas com as ações docentes, verificamos a dificuldade quanto à transposição didática dos discursos, uma vez que, embora sensibilizados para as temáticas da Sociolinguística e da variação, os docentes ainda incorrem no hábito de corrigir inadequadamente as falas dos alunos, reflexo da visão idealizante de língua que ainda prevalece na escola. Dessa forma, corroboramos a necessidade da inclusão da Sociolinguística como disciplina obrigatória nos cursos de formação dos professores de Letras e Pedagogia de modo a promover uma transformação no tratamento da linguagem nas aulas de língua materna, por meio de uma pedagogia da variação e de uma educação linguística que promova o respeito pelas variedades linguísticas e, em especial, pelos seus usuários. Dessa transformação, resultará a formação de falantes e escritores eficientes no uso da variedade culta da língua portuguesa. / The Sociolinguistic shows that variations happen in all levels of a tongue and help us to understand the transformations that occur in a natural language. The Sociolinguistic, applied to Portuguese language teaching, represents the main subject of this research. In theoretical scope, the major contributions come from the studies of William Labov (1966; 1972; 1975; 1983; 1987). Nowadays in Brazil, this source has bigger reach with the research undertaken by a considerable number of scholars (BAGNO; 2002; 2006; 2007; 2010; BORTONIRICARDO, 2004; 2005; 2011; CASTILHO, 2010; FARACO, 2008; PERINI; 2010). It is observed, in sociolinguistic literature focused to native tongue teaching, that the dichotomist vision of ‘right or wrong tongue’ taught in schools must be avoided to prevent children deconstruct positive view of the linguistic variations and to not distance the teaching act of the ideals of an education that could offer these students communication resources that make possible to interact in different contexts of their social life. At the same time, encourage the respect for any variation in their own language and suppress the linguistic prejudice that still prevails in society. According to these presuppositions, this research inquires if Portuguese language teaching in Juiz de Fora (state of Minas Gerais, Brazil) is worked based on those sociolinguistic principles and if the linguistic variations are considered in classroom. An ethnographic qualitative investigation in education was developed (ANDRÉ, 2000) in four schools of Juiz de Fora. Portuguese tongue classes were observed and teachers were submitted to interviews during each period of observation. It was concluded that Portuguese language teaching based on pedagogy of variation is still far from reality in classrooms. Even though there are exceptions, those are a clear minority that works under sociolinguistic view, with though turned to language structure contrasts. By comparing the interviews with the teachers’ action, it is evident the difficulty of didactics transposition of the speeches. Although touched by the sociolinguistic theory about variations, the teachers still incur in inadequate corrections on the students speech, result of idealized vision of language that still prevails in most Brazilian schools. Those results endorse, so, the necessity to include sociolinguistic as required course for teachers’ training, changing the treatment of the language to teach native tongue using the pedagogy of variation and by investing in an education that respects the linguistic variety and their users in special.

This study is an investigation into sociolinguistic variation in a second language. More specifically, it is an investigation into the extent to which speakers of English as a second language acquire particular features of the variety of English they are exposed to. The speakers in question are Polish migrants, and the variety of English is that found in Manchester, a city in the North West of England.The research uses data gathered from 41 participants who have been in Manchester for various lengths of time and who came to the UK for a wide range of reasons. The aim was to explore the extent to which local accent features are acquired by second language English speakers, and the linguistic and social factors which influence this acquisition. Methodologically, the research draws on practices from variationist sociolinguistics, but by using them in a second language context, the study has the additional aim of developing the link between these two areas of study. Four linguistic features were identified, on the basis of them each exhibiting local variants that differ from any pedagogical model of English the speakers will have been exposed to in Poland. All four demonstrated some degree of change towards the local variants in the speech of many of the participants, but to greatly differing degrees. Multiple regression analyses helped to determine which factors might be influencing the patterns of variation, with the social constraints of length of residence, level of English, gender, attitude, and identity among those believed to be playing a part. The thesis ends with a discussion exploring the implications of the findings in terms of existing and future research, and looks at how they might usefully be applied to situations outside that of academic linguistics.

This thesis is a critical analysis of the discourses used in online news headlines to reporttwo events that took place during 2018 Russian Presidential debates (on February 14,2018 and March 14, 2018) and focused on Ksenia Sobchak, the only female presidentialcandidate of the 2018 election. By analyzing 52 headlines published in Russia’s mostpopular and most read online news outlets, the purpose of this study is to investigatewhether there are any gender stereotypes used by the journalists to create a particularrepresentation of Sobchak, and to understand if, through this representation, a particularideology is put forward. The framework used to carry out the research is based onFairclough’s critical discourse analysis method combined with a sociolinguisticapproach influenced by Halliday. The application of this framework resulted in studyingthe three interrelated elements of discourse: sociocultural practices, which explore therole of women in the Russian political arena and put headlines under analysis into animmediate context; discourse practices, which focus on the peculiarities of online newsproduction, particularly headlines; and linguistic analysis of the headlines themselves,in which lexical choice, quotation patterns, and transitivity analyses were performed.The analysis revealed that headlines include hidden gender stereotypes, which alignwith Russia’s patriarchal ideology and which are used to represent Sobchak lessfavourably in comparison to her male opponents.

Thesis (Ph.D. (Tshivenda)) -- University of Limpopo, 2015 / This study examines the role of non-verbal communication among the Vhavenḓa. It must be borne in mind that in comparison with verbal communication non-verbal communication tends to be perceived less accurately. This seems to be because every culture interprets body language, gestures, postures and vocal noises differently. Thus, in many instances, non-verbal communication tends to be misinterpreted and misunderstood. This is the problem that the study investigated and the findings of the study may help to indicate ways that can be used to interpret non-verbal communication in Tshivenḓa correctly. From the data collected, the study showed that there are several types of non-verbal communication that Tshivenḓa speakers use regularly. These are silence, kinesics, postures, facial expressions, heptics, proxemics and time. The study has adopted the qualitative research approach to collect and analyse the data. Using this approach, the study determined that there are several meanings that the Vhavenḓa associate with the aforementioned types of non-verbal communication. For instance, silence is largely associated with respect, good manners and satisfaction. Kinesics actions, such as kneeling down, denote kindness, honour and welcome. The study also shows the disadvantages of non-verbal communication which are part of silence, such as an indication of hatred, loneliness and witchcraft. In the main, the study shows that non-verbal communication in the Tshivenḓa culture is also gender based. For example, men are discouraged from walking behind their women as they would be deemed to be stupid, weak and lacking in leadership qualities. This fosters gender stereotypes and inequality between males and females - aspects which the constitution of the country discourages. The results of the study have led to several recommendations of which the following are the more prominent ones: as silence is not always golden Tshivenḓa-speakers should be encouraged to voice their feelings rather than remain in bondage forever and good manners should be encouraged as long as their realisation does not trample on people’s rights - regardless of their gender. Crucially, the study also recommends that life is dynamic and some cultural attributes that were fashionable in the past are no longer so today. Therefore, men especially should be taught to accept the new democratic order which accords everyone the respect they deserve - regardless of age, gender and religion.

The purpose of this paper was to review research within the field of digital games and language learning to explore whether gaming can facilitate communicative competence and foster motivation for language learning. To answer my questions I conducted a research synthesis, compiling a variety of research over the last decade to answer my questions as effectively as possible. Results showed that digital games do in fact facilitate language development and induce motivation. Research also showed that different games provide different opportunities and activities, resulting in some games fostering language competence more than others. For instance, World of Warcraft provided social situations where conversations were erratic, spontaneous, contextual and driven by small events in the game, while The Sims focused more on strategic and creative activities. Additionally, research suggested that digital games motivated learners to develop their L2 language in hope of achieving more goals together within a variety games and game types.

No description available.

This thesis explores the practice of “youtubing Sápmi”, which entails Sámi decolonial mobilization, multisemiotic and multilingual language use on YouTube. The aim is to understand how YouTube videos can function as a tool for discursive mobilization and as a complement or alternative to linguistic and cultural revitalization. In recent years, more interest has been directed towards Sámi music and media. While such research has explored acts of resistance, anti-colonial counter-narratives and negotiations of identity in Sámi music and media, few studies have investigated the discursive strategies used in Sámi performance in the Swedish context. In addressing this research gap, drawing from sociolinguistic research on interdiscursivity, indexicality and sociolinguistic scales, this thesis analyses how multisemiotic resources are used in discursive strategies of Sámi decolonial mobilization on YouTube. The analysis reveals that a variety of multisemiotic resources and discourses are used to construe type and token interdiscursivity that establish connectivity across time, space and scales that connect local issues to the national and the global. Furthermore, the deployment of different language repertoires – North Sámi, Swedish and English – point to the multi-scalar aspects of Sámi decolonial mobilization. These results indicate that the practice of youtubing Sápmi is a powerful tool for raising awareness, challenging coloniality and creating space for Sámi linguistic and cultural practices. In sum, the thesis provides insights into the potentials for agentive and creative use of interdiscursivity, as well as the affordances for creative multisemiotic language use on YouTube.

The dissertation tries to explain why most of the Bapedi people do not feel free to speak their language when they are among other communities. It explains why the speakers of the so-called ‘inferior’ dialects of the Limpopo Province have an inferiority complex while the speakers of the ‘superior’ dialects are confident when speaking their dialects. The standardisation of the Northern Sotho Language Board and the missionary activities within the Bapedi communities led to the creation of 'superior' and ‘inferior’ dialects. A detailed discussion is presented of the social rural and urban varieties, which found in Bapedi culture. Some of these varieties are kept secret and therefore are unknown to the public; and others, which are not secretive in nature. The use of language and the impact of language contact between languages is discussed. / African Languages / M.A. (African Languages)

Réalisé en codirection avec Hélène Buzelin / Depuis le début des années 1980, le milieu théâtral québécois manifeste un intérêt croissant pour Tchekhov. Pourtant, les pièces traduites ne répondent pas à la tendance qui, dans le Québec des années 1970-1980, consistait à adapter les classiques du théâtre étranger de façon ethnocentrique, notamment en les traduisant en québécois. Pour Tchekhov, les traducteurs et les praticiens semblent davantage préoccupés par la dimension dramaturgique de la langue que par l'adaptation au contexte sociolinguistique d'accueil. Intriguée par ce phénomène, nous avons cherché à le vérifier et à le comprendre dans le présent mémoire en analysant trois traductions québécoises d’Oncle Vania, représentées entre 1983 et 2001. Notre travail se trouve au carrefour de deux disciplines : la traductologie et l’analyse dramaturgique. Il cherche à démontrer l’ancrage proprement dramaturgique des différentes stratégies de traduction d’Oncle Vania en étudiant la série de leurs concrétisations, du texte source jusqu’à la mise en jeu cible. Le corpus se compose de deux traductions à visée mimétique et d’une réécriture. Dans l'Oncle Vania de Michel Tremblay (1983), l'idiolecte du personnage de Marina a été traduit en joual de façon à recréer l'effet dramaturgique source. Dans Uncle Vanya (1993), une production anglaise du Théâtre du Centaur, les répliques de Sérébriakov ont été traduites en français par Jean-Louis Roux, l'interprète du personnage, et mettent en valeur plusieurs traits distinctifs de celui-ci. La troisième pièce à l'étude est une réécriture de la pièce par Howard Barker, (Uncle) Vanya, traduite au Québec par Paul Lefebvre (2001). La vulgarité de la langue de cette pièce a été traduite de façon sémantique pour recréer la relation déstabilisante spectacle/spectateur propre au Théâtre de la Catastrophe de Barker. Très différentes les unes des autres, ces versions d'Oncle Vania démontrent que la traduction peut s'inscrire, en tant que processus d'analyse dramaturgique, au sein de la critique et de la réflexion sur l'œuvre de Tchekhov. En effet, ces traductions semblent participer davantage de l'histoire globale de l'interprétation du théâtre de Tchekhov en français que d’un projet sociopolitique. Ce mémoire contribue ainsi aux études de traductologie, en y intégrant des modalités d’analyse dramaturgique et apporte un nouvel éclairage à l’histoire de la traduction théâtrale au Québec. / Since the beginning of the 1980’s, Quebec's theatrical milieu interest for Chekhov plays is growing. However, the translated plays do not reflect the tendency which, in the 1970’s and the 1980’s, consisted in adapting the foreign classics of theater in an ethnocentric way, especially by translating them into québécois French. For Chekhov, the translators and the practitioners seemed more worried about the dramaturgic aspects of the language than by the sociolinguistic adaptation of the plays to the context of reception. Intrigued by this phenomenon, we tried to verify and understand it by analyzing three Uncle Vania plays translated and produced in Quebec between 1983 and 2001. Our work is at the crossroads of two disciplines : traductology and dramaturgical analysis. It tries to demonstrate the strictly dramaturgic roots of the various translations strategies for Uncle Vania by studying the series of their concretizations, from the source text to the target mise en jeu. The corpus consists of two mimetic translations and a rewriting. The first play is Oncle Vania, translated by Michel Tremblay (1983), where the idiolect of Marina, one of the characters, was translated in joual in order to recreate the dramaturgic effect of the source text. In the second translation, Uncle Vanya, played in English at the Centaur Theater (1993), the lines of professor Serebryakov were translated into French by Jean-Louis Roux, the character's interpreter, and emphasize several of his characteristics. The third play of the corpus is a rewriting of Chekhov's, (Uncle) Vanya by Howard Barker, translated in Quebec by Paul Lefebvre (2001). The vulgarity of the language of this last play was translated in a semantic way, in order to recreate the show/spectator relation particular to the Barker’s Theatre of Catastrophe. These Uncle Vania’s versions are very different from one another and demonstrate that translation, as a process of dramaturgic analysis, can contribute to the criticism and the reflection on the work of Chekhov. In fact, these translations seem to participate more in the global history of the interpretation of Chekhov’s theater in French, than in a sociopolitical reading of theatrical translation in Quebec. In contributing top translation studies by the mean of dramaturgical analysis, this work also sheds new light on the history of theatrical translation in Quebec.

The thesis explores the form, function and sociolinguistic distribution of explicit apologies in the spoken part of the British National Corpus. The sub-corpus used for the study comprises a spoken text mass of about five million words and represents dialogue produced by more than 1700 speakers, acting in a number of different conversational settings. More than 3000 examples of apologising are included in the analysis. Primarily, the form and function of the apologies are examined in relation to the type of offence leading up to the speech act. Aspects such as the sincerity of the apologies and the use of additional remedial strategies other than explicit apologising are also considered. Variations in the distributions of the different types of apologies found are subsequently investigated for the two independent variables speaker social identity (gender, social class and age) and conversational setting (genre, formality and group size). The effect of the speaker-addressee relationship on the apology rate and the types of apologies produced is also examined. In this study, the prototypical apology, a speech act used to remedy a real or perceived offence, is only one of a number of uses of the apology form in the corpus. Other common functions of the form include discourse-managing devices such as request cues for repetition and markers of hesitation, as well as disarming devices uttered before expressing disagreement and controversial opinions. Among the speaker social variables investigated, age and social class are particularly important in affecting apologetic behaviour. Young and middle-class speakers favour the use of the apology form. No substantial gender differences in apologising are apparent in the corpus. I have also been able to show that large conversational groups result in frequent use of the form. Finally, analysis of the effects of the speaker-addressee relationship on the use of the speech act shows that, contrary to expectations based on Brown & Levinson’s theory of politeness, it is the powerful who tend to apologise to the powerless rather than vice versa. The study implies that formulaic politeness is an important linguistic marker of social class and that its use often involves control of the addressee.