[pt] Esta dissertação apresenta o Template de Metacomunicação Estendido, uma ferramenta, denominada Template Estendido de Metacomunicação, baseada em um conjunto de perguntas-guia derivadas da teoria da Engenharia Semiótica. Relatamos os resultados de um estudo para avaliar seus impactos no processo de design de sistemas de aprendizagem de máquina. Ao solicitar que designers e desenvolvedores respondam um conjunto de perguntas, a ferramenta busca auxiliá-los a organizar mentalmente suas interpretações da solução de design, ao mesmo tempo que revisitam as pressuposições por trás dela. Descrevemos, então, um estudo de design especulativo e analisamos seus resultados, identificando temas emergentes que nos ajudam a entender como a ferramenta proposta pode ser utilizada. Dentre os aspectos identificados mais relevantes estão a prática reflexiva do design, a atenção ao uso de linguagem, a atribuição de responsabilidade às pessoas envolvidas, o uso do arcabouço ético de apoio fornecido, os princípios da bioética, e as possíveis formas de se usar o template estendido. / [en] This dissertation presents the Extended Metacommunication Template, a tool based on a set of guiding questions derived from the theory of Semiotic Engineering. We report the results of a study we conducted to evaluate the tool s impacts on the design process of machine learning systems. By having designers and developers answer a set of questions, the tool aims to help them reflect on their interpretations of the design solution, while allowing them to revisit the presuppositions behind it. We then describe a speculative design study and analyze its results, identifying emergent themes that help us understand how the proposed tool may be used. Among the relevant themes identified are: the reflective practice of design, the designer s focus on their use of language, the process of attributing responsibility to the people involved, the use of the ethical framework provided to them, the bioethical principles, and the ways in which the extension of the template may be used.

The examination of the role of the state in the broader context of socio-technical entanglement within data governance has received less attention due to the emergence of other powerful corporate actors (e.g. Big Tech). This thesis utilizes quantitative content analysis to investigate and compare how state agencies (the White House, FTC, Congress) and CNN framed data governance in 2022, focusing on the role of the state amid growing data privacy concerns following the Roe v. Wade overruling. The ultimate aim is to pinpoint the sociotechnical imaginaries that gain traction, having a constitutive effect on the US data governance order. Empirical results indicate that framings between the two units rather align than differ, particularly in the wake of the overruling. The evidence points to the active and multiple roles of the state and the coexistence of multiple sociotechnical imaginaries within asymmetric power dynamics, with the vision of ensuring consumer trust rising as prominent at the expense of viewing data privacy as a sovereign right of citizens. Despite the emerging perspective of viewing data privacy as a right, CNN, as a significant place of mediation, has amplified rather than challenged the market-based approach. Lastly, evidence indicates that media is not only a significant place for elevating certain sociotechnical imaginaries but could be considered one of the crucial places of initially discursively negotiated policymaking.

在資訊化與全球化的浪潮之下，政府間的政策趨同（policy convergence）現象，在學術界或是實務界都已有頗多討論。理論上，此議題是比較公共政策的延伸，與政策學習、政策擴散等概念有密不可分的關係；實務上，更是政策過程重要的假定基礎，唯目前學界對於趨同現象的發展仍有許多爭議。本論文主要目的是以政府業務電子化發展為個案，回應資訊化與全球化將提升國家間政策趨同可能性的觀點；並進一步透過個案分析，建構影響政府電子化發展的解釋模型。研究提問首先是政府業務電子化的全球發展，是否產生同型化主義、科技決定論所預測的政策趨同現象？其次是什麼因素影響電子化政府與電子民主參與的發展？為了回答以上研究提問，本論文分析聯合國2003-2005年，以及布朗大學2003-2008年的電子化政府成效調查資料。 研究結果顯示，即使多數文獻認為電子化已成為全球的發展趨勢，並且建構出許多發展階段模型，但資料顯示，全球電子化政府與電子民主參與發展，呈現出「國家間彼此差異擴大，只有部分國家持續往政策理想點移動」的現象。以政策趨同的概念來說，電子化發展成效沒有σ或δ型態的趨同；此外，在發展路徑上，電子化的發展類型沒有一定的規則可循，有些國家先著重線上交易互動，有些先著重電子民主參與，發展路徑多元。此外，透過2003-2005年度的定群資料分析，與2005年資料的分量迴歸分析，包含網路應用程度、全球化程度、人力資本指數、自由程度、相鄰國家發展程度、國民生產毛額..等，都與電子化成效有正向的顯著關係。網路應用程度越高電子化政府發展越好，在專制獨裁型國家的影響效果高於總統制國家；全球化程度越高電子化發展越好，尤其在剛開始發展電子化的國家中。電子化民主參與方面，自由程度是電子化民主參與能否從低階發展到進階的重要因素；網路應用程度與人力資本指數，對高度電子民主參與發展的國家而言是重要的影響因素；相鄰國家的成績越好，發展電子化的動機越強，且影響力量隨著電子化發展成效的上升而加強；最後，經濟條件所產生的影響集中在那些剛開始發展電子化的國家中。在方案的選擇上，影響國家是否優先發展電子民主參與的因素來自於內外在的需求，全球化的程度越高，「電子化政府」就越不可能被忽略，議會制是最不可能優先發展電子民主參與的政體。 本論文基於政策趨同並未發生在電子化個案中的研究發現，主張即使在全球化的架構下，政策趨同的思維有重新界定與分析的必要。在實務上，本論文建議各國政府放棄追求一體適用的全球性架構，停止國際名次的追求，建構以地方為中心、使用者為導向的電子化措施。整體而言，本論文的貢獻為全球化與資訊化環境底下的政策發展理論，提供了新的實證資料與解釋，也對長期以來科技決定論與社會科技主義兩者平衡提供了一個穩固的基礎。 / Both e-government and e-participation have been recognized as worldwide trends. Many studies offer e-government development models that are based on intellectual speculation rather than data from empirical observation. This research argues that both e-government and e-participation are not only incorrectly dominated by technology determinism, but also misuse the global policy convergence assumption. Although the cross-national policy convergence is an established issue in comparative research, its academic popularity has not resulted in a general consensus. Whether societies become more and more alike, implement similar policies, or pursue the same policy goal is still an unanswered question. By analyzing the United Nation's 2003-2005 e-government index and Brown University's 2003-2008 e-government survey data, this paper aims to achieve two goals: the first is to analyze the development path of global e-government and e-participation, and to answer the question whether global e-government and e-participation performance have converged on the ideal policy point; the second is to construct e-government and e-participation performance models for different types of regimes. The findings show that there is no sigma convergence which means the difference of performances among countries is decreasing over time, and there is also no delta convergence which means all counties are pursing the same ideal point. Regarding the development path, only a few counties converge on (abide by) the theoretical speculation. The findings of the second research question show that the competition pressure from the neighboring countries, the degree of globalization, human capital index, freedom index, the percentage of internet users, and GDP all have positive associations with e-government and e-participation performance. It is also interesting to note that there are some important differences noticed in the different stages of the conditional distribution of e-government and e-participation. While the effect of competition pressure is not significant for all countries, the results show that it is significant for countries classified as highly developed. The freedom degree has a positive significant effect on countries that have developed higher e-participation and shows no association with countries that are less developed in the area of e-participation. The competition pressure has a higher effect on a presidential system than a parliamentary system and the degree of globalization produce higher pressure on a parliamentary system than on a presidential system. A key factor for the early development of e-participation is citizen needs, but for the further maintenance of e-participation, this factor must be coupled with the degree of societal freedom. In conclusion, this research argues that both e-government and e-participation development do not have a generally agreed upon global framework. Taiwan should focus on local citizens needs; give up the pursuit of the title of world leader; and rebuild the e- policy vision.

Les changements technologiques ont des effets structurants sur l’organisation des soins dans notre système de santé. Les professionnels de la santé et les patients – les principaux utilisateurs des innovations médicales – sont des acteurs clés dans les trajectoires suivies par les nouvelles technologies en santé. Pour développer des technologies médicales plus efficaces, sécuritaires et conviviales, plusieurs proposent d’intensifier la collaboration entre les utilisateurs et les développeurs. Cette recherche s’intéresse à cette prémisse sur la participation des utilisateurs dans les processus d’innovation médicale. L'objectif général de cette recherche est de mieux comprendre la collaboration entre les utilisateurs et les développeurs impliqués dans la transformation des innovations médicales. Adoptant un cadre d’analyse sociotechnique, cette thèse par articles s’articule autour de trois objectifs : 1) décrire comment la littérature scientifique définit les objectifs, les méthodes et les enjeux de l’engagement des utilisateurs dans le développement des innovations médicales; 2) analyser les perspectives d’utilisateurs et de développeurs de technologies médicales quant à leur collaboration dans le processus d’innovation; et 3) analyser comment sont mobilisés, en pratique, des utilisateurs dans le développement d’une innovation médicale. Le premier objectif s’appuie sur une synthèse structurée des écrits scientifiques (n=101) portant sur le phénomène de la participation des utilisateurs dans les processus d’innovation médicale. Cette synthèse a dégagé les méthodes appliquées ou proposées pour faire participer les utilisateurs, les arguments normatifs véhiculés ainsi que les principaux enjeux soulevés. Le deuxième objectif repose sur l’analyse de trois groupes de discussion délibératifs et d'une plénière impliquant des utilisateurs et des développeurs (n=19) de technologies médicales. L’analyse a permis d’examiner leurs perspectives à l'égard de diverses approches de collaboration dans les processus d'innovation. Le troisième objectif implique l’étude d’une innovation en électrophysiologie lors de la phase de recherche clinique. Cette étude de cas unique s'appuie sur une analyse qualitative d'études cliniques (n=57) et des éditoriaux et synthèses de connaissances dans des revues médicales spécialisées (n=15) couvrant une période de dix ans (1999 à 2008) ainsi que des entrevues semi-dirigées avec des acteurs clés impliqués dans le processus d’innovation (n=3). Cette étude a permis de mieux comprendre comment des utilisateurs donne un sens, s’approprient et légitiment une innovation médicale en contexte de recherche clinique. La contribution générale de cette thèse consiste en une meilleure compréhension de l’apport des utilisateurs dans les processus d’innovation médicale et de sa capacité à aligner plus efficacement le développement technologique avec les objectifs du système de santé. / Technological changes have major effects on health care organization. Health professionals and patients – the main users of medical innovations – are key actors in the ongoing development and refinement of new medical technologies. To develop more efficient, safe and user-friendly medical technologies, many propose enhancing collaboration between technology users and developers. This research investigates the premise of involving users in the medical innovation process. The main objective of this research is to better understand the collaboration between users and developers involved in the transformation of medical innovations. Adopting a sociotechnical approach, this thesis by article has three objectives: 1) Describe how the literature defines the objectives, methods and issues of engaging users in the development of medical innovations; 2) Analyze the perspectives of users and developers of medical technologies with regards to their collaboration in the innovation process; and 3) Analyze how users are mobilized in practice in the development of medical innovation. The first objective is addressed by a narrative synthesis of the scientific literature (n=101) on user involvement in the medical innovation process. This synthesis has identified the methods used or proposed, normative arguments conveyed, and the main issues raised by involving users. Analysis of data from three deliberative focus groups and a plenary involving users and developers (n=19) of medical technology were employed to address the second objective. The analysis details their perspectives on various modes of collaboration in the innovation process. The third objective involves a case study of an innovation in electrophysiology at the clinical research phase. This case study is based on a qualitative analysis of clinical studies (n=57), editorials and reviews in medical journals (n=15) covering a ten year period (1999-2008) and semi-structured interviews with key actors involved in the innovation process (n=3). This study provides insight into how users make sense of, appropriate and legitimize medical innovation in the context of clinical research. The overall contribution of this thesis is a better understanding of user involvement in the medical innovation process and how to more effectively align technological development with the objectives of the health system.

Cette recherche s’intéresse aux impacts sociopolitiques des gazoducs et des oléoducsmis en oeuvre depuis 1991 au Caucase du Sud. S’appuyant sur un cadre théoriquemêlant principalement sociologie de l’Acteur-Réseau, sociologie éliasienne etapproches managériales, elle postule que la construction d’un système complexe detransport de pétrole et de gaz azerbaïdjanais est révélatrice de l’évolution de laconfiguration sud-caucasienne. Cette thèse étudie tout d’abord les interactions qui senouent autour de la mise en oeuvre des voies d’exportation des hydrocarburesazerbaïdjanais. Elle met en lumière l’émergence de nouvelles formes de régulation, dontla plupart profite à la compagnie pétrolière BP. Elle démontre ensuite comment lesréseaux sociotechniques construits autour de ces nouvelles voies participent d’uneévolution de la configuration sud-caucasienne. Ces réseaux débordent du cadrepurement économique pour aboutir au développement de la régionalisation entrel’Azerbaïdjan, la Géorgie et la Turquie. Cette recherche souligne enfin les gains queretire l’Etat-entreprise azerbaïdjanais de cette régionalisation fondée sur leshydrocarbures. Bakou se sert de ces derniers pour étendre son influence économique etpolitique au sein de la configuration sud-caucasienne. La sociologie de l’Acteur-Réseaunous permet donc de souligner le rôle non seulement économique mais égalementpolitique des hydrocarbures dans la montée en puissance de l’Azerbaïdjan qui, d’Etat enfaillite, est devenu puissance régionale. / This dissertation looks at the socio-political impacts of the pipelines that have beenimplemented in the South Caucasus since 1991. It is based on a theoreticalframework mixing Actor-Network Theory, Norbert Elias’s sociology andmanagement approaches. It assumes that the construction of an Azerbaijanihydrocarbons transportation complex system sheds light into the evolution of theSouth Caucasian configuration. First, this research studies interactions that emergeLUSSAC Samuel | Science Politique | Doctorat | 201114around the implementation of export routes for Azerbaijani oil and gas resources.It highlights the development of new forms of governance, which mostly benefit tothe oil company BP. Second, this dissertation demonstrates that the sociotechnicalnetworks built around these new export routes contribute to the evolution of theSouth Caucasian configuration. These networks overflow the economic sphere tofoster regionalization between Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey. Third, thisresearch underlines the benefits the Azerbaijani ‘state-company’ retrieves fromthis hydrocarbons-based regionalization. Baku takes advantage of oil and gasresources to increase its economic and political influence within the SouthCaucasian configuration. Therefore, the Actor-Network Theory helps to shed lightinto the economic and political role of hydrocarbons in the rise of Azerbaijan.From a failed state, this country has now established itself as a regional power.

Blue Force Tracking (BFT) är en term för system som lokaliserar och övervakar egna militära förband inom operationsområdet. Ett potentiellt användningsområde för BFT är som hjälpmedel för förbättrad förmåga till eld och rörelse. Innan ett sådant användningsområde undersöks vidare är det dock nödvändigt att studera hur BFT påverkar tillämpandet av uppdragstaktik och manöverkrigföring.      Syftet med detta arbete är att skapa en förståelse för hur teknik och doktrin förhåller sig till varandra, för att besvara om användandet av BFT för eld och rörelse är möjligt inom Försvarsmakten med tanke på rådande doktrin. För att studera detta genomfördes en fallstudie där det undersöktes hur teknik och doktrin påverkar varandra, kopplat mot användandet av ledningssystem med BFT inom Försvarsmakten. För analys av empirin användes ett sociotekniskt synsätt för att förstå förhållandet mellan teknik och doktrin.   Resultatet visade på att användningen av BFT inte påverkade tillämpandet av uppdragstaktik. Däremot försvårar BFT-användningen tillämpandet av manöverkrigföring, främst genom att röja det egna handlandet. Diskussionen berörde skillnader i nyttjande av BFT mellan Flygvapnet och Armén. Diskussionen ledde också fram till rekommendationen, att om BFT ska implementeras på manöverbataljonerna så bör det till förändringar i rådande doktrin för att skapa ett fungerande sociotekniskt system / Blue Force Tracking (BFT) refers to systems for monitor and location of friendly military forces in a particular area of operation. A possible use for BFT is as an aid to improve fire and movement skills. Before such use is investigated further, it is necessary to examine the impact of BFT on the application of mission command and manoeuvre warfare. The purpose of this paper is to create an understanding of what effects technology and doctrine have on each other. The aim is to be able to answer the question whether or not BFT can be used to improve fire and movement in the Swedish Armed Forces. To do this, a case study of the relationship between technology and doctrine in the Swedish Armed Forces was carried out. For analysis of the empirical data, a socio-technical approach was used to understand the relationship between technology and doctrine.  The results showed that the use of BFT had no effect on the application of mission command. However, the use of BFT had a negative effect on the ability to carry out manoeuvre warfare, mainly on the ability to hide our own actions from the enemy. The discussion concerned differences in the use of BFT between the Air Force and the Army. The discussion also concluded with the recommendation that a change in doctrine is necessary, if BFT is to be introduced to battalions, in order to create a functioning sociotechnical system.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:54:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Magna Eutimia Ferreira Lacerda Veloso.pdf: 561507 bytes, checksum: 1947b1f13607db426b24e77d88d0dc57 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-20 / This study was done based on the research line Education Theories and Educational processes, Post-Graduation Program in Education from Universidade Católica de Goiás, having as a goal to investigate the ways audiovisual resources are appropriated and mediated by High School teachers in the city of Rio Verde, in the State of Goiás. In order to develop it, some questions were used as a guide, like the following important ones: What kind of formation does High School teacher have to work with audiovisual resources? What are the criteria adopted to select resources which are used? Sociotechnical Approach validates the present study, indicating appropriation and mediation categories to analyze audiovisual resources use in class (BELLONI, 2001, 2002; CARDON, 2005; FEENBERG, 2003; MENDONÇA, 2009; PEIXOTO, 2007, 2008; PRETTO, 1996; PRETTO; LIMA JÚNIOR, 2005; RÜDIGER, 2002; SANTOS, 2005; TOSCHI, 2002, 2007; VYGOTSKY, 1991). In order to contemplate the research goals, an ethnography type study was done (ANDRÉ, 2005; LÜDKE; ANDRÉ, 1986), with the adoption of the following data collection tools: class observation, open questionnaire and document analysis. The results indicate that teacher perception is still marked by a naive vision of the resources use. In agreement with the appropriation way identified in the corpus of this study, the mediation ways will point out the predominance of an instrumental vision, which attributes to the environment the function of a mere appendix. We also highlighted the need of teacher formation and a formation pattern that integrates techniques, communication and pedagogy. / Este estudo foi realizado dentro da linha de pesquisa de Teorias da Educação e Processos educacionais, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Católica de Goiás, tendo como objetivo investigar as formas de apropriação e mediação dos recursos audiovisuais pelos professores do Ensino Médio do município de Rio Verde, no Estado de Goiás. Para o seu desenvolvimento, algumas questões serviram como norte, dentre as quais se destacam: Qual a preparação que o professor do Ensino Médio tem para trabalhar os recursos audiovisuais? Quais os critérios adotados para seleção dos recursos utilizados? Quais as formas mais comuns de usos dos recursos audiovisuais pelos professores do Ensino Médio? A abordagem sociotécnica fundamenta o presente estudo, indicando as categorias da apropriação e da mediação para análise dos usos dos recursos audiovisuais em sala de aula (BELLONI, 2001, 2002; CARDON, 2005; FEENBERG, 2003; MENDONÇA, 2009; PEIXOTO, 2007, 2008; PRETTO, 1996; PRETTO; LIMA JÚNIOR, 2005; RÜDIGER, 2002; SANTOS, 2005; TOSCHI, 2002, 2007; VYGOTSKY, 1991). Para contemplar os objetivos da pesquisa, foi realizado um estudo de caso do tipo etnográfico (ANDRÉ, 2005; LÜDKE; ANDRÉ, 1986), com a adoção dos seguintes instrumentos para a coleta de dados: observação de aula, questionário aberto e análise documental. Os resultados indicam que percepção do professor, ainda é marcada por uma visão ingênua do uso dos meios. Em consonância com as formas de apropriação identificadas no corpus deste estudo, as formas de mediação vão apontar para a predominância de uma visão instrumental, que atribui ao meio a função de mero apêndice. Destacamos também a necessidade de formação do professor e de um tipo de formação que integre técnica, comunicação e pedagogia.

Autonomes Fahren könnte Autonutzung und -besitz grundlegend verändern – mit erheblichen Auswirkungen darauf, wie mit dem Automobil umgegangen wird, wie Mobilität und Verkehr künftig organisiert und städtebauliche und Verkehrsinfrastrukturen gestaltet werden. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, zu einer frühzeitigen und umfassenden Auseinandersetzung mit der Technik aus empirisch-sozialwissenschaftlicher Sicht beizutragen, sowie wesentliche Einflussfaktoren und Dynamiken der Technikentwicklung zu identifizieren, um diese gestaltend begleiten zu können. Bei technologiebasierter Entwicklung ist eine Vorhersage von möglichen Entwicklungspfaden schwierig, und Akzeptanz gilt als Schlüsselfaktor für die erfolgreiche Produkteinführung. Sie vollzieht sich mittels soziotechnischer Konstruktions- und Veränderungsprozesse und ist abhängig von Personen, deren Einstellungen, Erwartungen und Handlungen, ihrer Umwelt, ihrer Werte- und Normrahmungen sowie Veränderungen im Laufe der Zeit. Diese Parameter werden in der Debatte derzeit noch wenig beachtet. Verschiedene qualitative Methoden bilden die Grundlage für eine erste Exploration und Strukturierung des noch wenig bekannten Untersuchungsgegenstands. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Akzeptanz des autonomen Fahrens wesentlich vom Zusammenspiel individueller und gesellschaftlicher Einflussfaktoren abhängt – die nicht alleine über Einstellungsparameter erfasst werden können. Sie lassen sich erst vor dem Hintergrund von handlungsleitenden, kollektiven Orientierungen zu aktuellen Autonutzungspraktiken verstehen. Gleichzeitig ist ein konsistenter, in sich geschlossener Entwicklungspfad zum autonomen Fahren derzeit noch nicht absehbar, und es sind einerseits Entwicklungen möglich, die das System der Mobilität grundlegend verändern könnten. Andererseits sind aber auch Veränderungen denkbar, die das bestehende System eher ergänzen, als es radikal zu transformieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund ergeben sich je spezifische Implikationen für die weitere Forschung. / Autonomous driving could fundamentally transform car use and ownership and considerably change the way how we interact with the automobile, how mobility and transport are organized in the future and how urban and transportation infrastructures are designed. The objective of this study is to engage empirical, social sciences in a timely and comprehensive debate on autonomous driving, so the key factors and dynamics of this technological development can be identified and shaped. Forecasting development trajectories of technology-based developments proves especially difficult, and acceptance is thought to be a key factor for a successful product implementation. Acceptance takes place in the context of sociotechnical construction and transformation processes; it is dependent on individuals, their attitudes, expectations and actions, their environment, their value- and norm-framing, and on changes over time. User perception, evaluation and contextualization in relation to autonomous driving have largely gone unheeded, even though they are deemed central to technology acceptance. A set of distinct qualitative methods served to explore and structure a research topic little known to date. In sum, the results indicate that acceptance of autonomous driving fundamentally relies on the interaction of individual and societal factors that cannot be determined through attitudinal parameters only. They are better understood against the background of implicit and habitual orientations towards current car use and ownership practices. At the same time, the studies have shown that a consistent and determined development path cannot be predicted yet. While there are chances for the mobility system to undergo a fundamental transformation with the implementation of autonomous vehicles – on both supply and demand sides – potential changes could also rather complement the existing system. Specific implications for future research will be discussed in the thesis.

Η ανάπτυξη βιομηχανικών οικοσυστημάτων αποτελεί τη βασική κατεύθυνση της βιομηχανικής οικολογίας, η οποία προβάλλει ως ένα από τα πλέον ολοκληρωμένα μοντέλα αειφόρου ανάπτυξης. Η διδακτορική διατριβή αφορά στις συστημικές παρεμβάσεις που απαιτούνται για τη δημιουργία, συντήρηση και ανάπτυξη βιομηχανικών οικοσυστημάτων ή τεχνολογικών θυλάκων όπως ορίζονται υπό το πρίσμα της κοινωνικοτεχνικής προσέγγισης. Προς αυτήν την κατεύθυνση, η εργασία αποτελεί μια καινοτόμο προσπάθεια, η οποία εστιάζει (σε μίκρο και μάκρο επίπεδο) στα προβλήματα που εμφανίζονται και στις παρεμβάσεις που απαιτούνται κατά τη μετάβαση προς ένα νέο οικοβιομηχανικό τεχνολογικό καθεστώς. H διατριβή στοχεύει κυρίως στη παραγωγή θεωρίας και καθοδηγητικών πλαισίων σχετικά με τη διαδικασία μετάβασης προς το οικοβιομηχανικό παράδειγμα μέσω δευτερογενούς ανάλυσης υφιστάμενων περιπτώσεων και εφαρμογής θεωρητικών εργαλείων από τα πεδία της συστημικής επιστήμης και των σπουδών τεχνολογίας και επιστήμης. Αρχικά, το βιομηχανικό οικοσύστημα αντιμετωπίζεται ως σύστημα, δηλαδή ως σύνολο μερών τα οποία παρουσιάζουν αναδυόμενες ιδιότητες, και αναλύεται με τη βοήθεια θεμελιωδών συστημικών χαρακτηριστικών. Στη συνέχεια, το βιομηχανικό οικοσύστημα αντιμετωπίζεται ως οργάνωση, δηλαδή ως μια συγκροτημένη ομάδα εμπλεκομένων που στοχεύουν στην πραγμάτωση συγκεκριμένων στόχων, και αναλύονται τα προβλήματα που ανακύπτουν κατά το σχεδιασμό και την υλοποίηση των απαιτούμενων παρεμβάσεων. Τέλος, σε μια συνθετική οπτική, το βιομηχανικό οικοσύστημα αντιμετωπίζεται ως ένα νέο τεχνολογικό καθεστώς, δηλαδή ως ένα σύνολο πεποιθήσεων, κανόνων και τεχνολογιών που ρυθμίζει και διαμορφώνει τη βιομηχανική δραστηριότητα, και εξετάζεται η μετάβαση προς ένα οικοβιομηχανικό σύστημα παραγωγής, υπό το πρίσμα της κοινωνικοτεχνικής προσέγγισης, μέσω συστημικών παρεμβάσεων σε σχετικούς τεχνολογικούς θύλακες. Στη διατριβή προτείνονται ερμηνευτικά και καθοδηγητικά πλαίσια, τα οποία σε μίκρο επίπεδο μπορούν να εφαρμοσθούν στη διαχείριση και ανάπτυξη υφιστάμενων βιομηχανικών οικοσυστημάτων, ενώ σε μάκρο επίπεδο, μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν στη χάραξη στρατηγικών πολιτικών οικοβιομηχανικής ανάπτυξης. / This thesis concerns the systemic interventions required for the development, maintenance and diffusion of industrial ecosystems managed as technological niches under the prism of the socio-technical approach. Towards this end, it is an innovative effort that concentrates on the issues emerged and on the interventions required in the transistion towards a novel eco-industrial technological regime. The main contribution of the research reported is the development οf theoretical constructs, as well as a normative framework for the transition process towards an eco-industrial paradigm. Methodologically, the analysis was based on a secondary research approach and application of theoretical tools from the disciplines of Systems Science and Science and Technology Studies. Initially, the industrial ecosystem was considered as a system and was analysed through fundamental systems concepts. Following, it was approached as an organization, and the associated problems of its transition process were analyzed. Finally, towards a more synthetic view, industrial ecosystems were considered as the constituent parts of a novel socio-technical regime of productions systems. The transition towards such an eco-industrial regime was analyzed through systemic interventions in technological niches by reference to existing industrial ecosystems. The thesis proposes explanatory and prescriptive frameworks for the design of the necessary interventions. At a micro level, the frameworks developed can be applied to the management and further development of existing industrial ecosystems, while at a macro level, they can be used by policy makers in the development of strategies aiming at the diffusion of the eco-industrial paradigm.

Human Systems Integration Capstone / Approved for public release;distribution is unlimited. / In the United States Air Force (USAF), a system is generally thought of in terms of technology; but there are other types of systems supporting our warfighters. A system is “a group of related parts that move or work together” (Merriam-Webster, 2014), suggesting that systems can also be a compilation of human activities and interactions. One such system is the Air Force Medical Service (AFMS). The AFMS has been charged with the delivery of healthcare for the USAF. It is an organization within which there are many workplaces, and these are prototypical of workplaces in the USAF. The USAF currently has no framework for developing organizations. This capstone project took an inside look into the organizational structure of the Keesler Air Force Base’s Base Operational Medicine Cell (BOMC). By conducting a macroergonomic analysis, I was able to make recommendations for an effective and fully harmonized organizational design. Human systems integration (HSI) played a pivotal role in the evaluation of the Keesler BOMC, as Manpower, Personnel, and Training (MPT) are key drivers in the development of organizations. The results of this analysis lead to the development of BOMC requirements and subsequently HSI requirements for organizations, or an HSI Framework for Organizations.