Orientador: Jose Manoel Balthazar, Helder Anibal Hermini / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T00:18:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafikova_Elvira_M.pdf: 3918519 bytes, checksum: 739b1ab8bbabb497b9c71ffc87975974 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Esse trabalho investiga um sistema dinâmico não- ideal que pertence a uma classe especial dos sistemas dinâmicos. O objeto de estudo desse trabalho é um rotor que consiste de um disco preso a uma barra elástica e excitado por uma fonte de energia de potência limitada. O sistema se desloca transversalmente e verticalmente além de possuir uma coordenada de rotação. Um estudo numérico do problema é realizado para investigar a dinâmica não-linear do sistema. Simulações numéricas tais como: diagramas de espaço de fase, curvas de resposta em freqüência, diagramas de bifurcação e expoentes de Lyapunov mostram uma forte influência da fonte de energia na resposta do sistema e revelam oscilações regulares e irregulares. Além disso, o efeito Sommerfeld é observado, assim como o salto na resposta em freqüência quando o parâmetro de controle do motor é variado. Finalmente comprova-se que os regimes irregulares presentes no movimento do sistema tem uma natureza caótica / Abstract: This work investigates a non- ideal dynamic system that is a special group of dynamics systems. The object studied in this work is a rotor composed of an elastic shaft carrying a disc which is excited by a limited power supply. The system has tranversal and vertical displacement and a coordinate of rotation of the disco A numerical study is done here in order to investigate the non-linear dynamics of the system. Numerical simulations such as: space-state diagrams, frequency response diagrams, bifurcations diagrams and Lyapunov exponent show the strong influence of the energy source on system response, and reveal regular and irregular motions. Besides, Sommerfeld effect is observed, as well as the jump in system response, when a control parameter of the energy source is varied. Futhermore, it is shown that the irregular regimes that occur in the system's motion are of chaotic nature / Mestrado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Dans cette thèse, nous étudions les opérateurs de Berezin-Toeplitz sur les variétés kähleriennes et leur généralisation aux variétés symplectiques compactes. Le premier chapitre porte sur l'intégrale de Feynman : nous exprimons le noyau du propagateur quantique à l'aide d'une intégrale de Wiener en fonction de l'action classique. Dans le second chapitre, nous proposons un ansatz pour le noyau des opérateurs de Berezin-Toeplitz, grâce auquel on donne une preuve directe des résultats connus sur ces opérateurs et l'on décrit le calcul des symboles covariants et contravariants en fonction de la métrique kählerienne. Ceci mène à la définition de plusieurs star-produits sur les variétés kähleriennes par une formule universelle. Dans le troisième chapitre, nous généralisons l'ansatz précédent afin de quantifier les sous-variétés lagrangiennes des variétés kähleriennes. Nous appliquons ceci de diverses manières : construction de quasi-modes, énoncé des conditions de Bohr-Sommerfeld, quantification des symplectomorphismes, réalisation d'équivalence microlocale. En comparaison avec la théorie des opérateurs pseudodifférentiels, les invariants de la géométrie des cotangents sont remplacés par des invariants de la géométrie kählerienne. Dans le dernier chapitre, nous entreprenons la généralisation des résultats précédents aux variétés symplectiques compactes, notamment nous quantifions les sous-variétés lagrangiennes et décrivons le calcul symbolique des opérateurs de Berezin-Toeplitz.

Unbounded domains often appear in engineering applications, such as acoustic or elastic wave radiation from a body immersed in an infinite medium. To simulate the unboundedness of the domain special boundary conditions have to be imposed: the Sommerfeld radiation condition. In the present work we focused on steady-state wave propagation. The objective of this research is to obtain accurate prediction of phenomena occurring in exterior acoustics and elastodynamics and ensure the quality of the solutions even for high wavenumbers. To achieve this aim, we develop higher-order domain-based schemes: Spectral Element Method (SEM) coupled to Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DtN ), Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) and Infinite Element (IEM) methods. Spectral elements combine the rapid convergence rates of spectral methods with the geometric flexibility of the classical finite element methods. The interpolation is based on Chebyshev and Legendre polynomials. This work presents an implementation of these techniques and their validation exploiting some benchmark problems. A detailed comparison between the DtN, PML and IEM is made in terms of accuracy and convergence, conditioning and computational cost.

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Am Beispiel verschiedener Strömungstypen wird die Stabilität von Strömungen unter Einfluß eines Temperaturfeldes untersucht. Eine reguläre Störungs- rechnung wird durchgeführt, um die Effekte temperatur- abhängiger Stoffwerte systematisch und allgemein- gültig erfassen zu können. Die Ergebnisse werden in Form asymptotischer Reihen für die kritischen Kenn- zahlen der jeweiligen Probleme angegeben. Sowohl die Orr-Sommerfeld-Gleichungen als auch die PSE-Gleichungen, jeweils mit variablen Stoffwerten, kommen bei der Untersuchung von Grenzschicht- strömungen zum Einsatz. Von besonderem Interesse sind hier die Unterschiede in den Lösungen beider mathematischer Modelle bezüglich der Effekte variabler Stoffwerte. Es zeigt sich, dass die Differenzen in den Lösungen beider Theorien für den Fall konstanter und für den Fall variabler Stoffwerte gleich groß sind. Für die Grenzschichtströmung bei natürlicher Kon- vektion an einer beheizten vertikalen Wand werden die vollständigen PSE-Gleichungen gelöst. Hier zeigen sich starke Abweichungen zur lokalen paral- lelen Theorie (Orr--Sommerfeld--Gleichungen).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-07-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:35:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 cauz_lo_me_sjrp.pdf: 1991139 bytes, checksum: c18750cde05438df23eec43208d0eb54 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Neste trabalho apresentamos um estudo da dinâmica de um sistema vibrante não ideal, composto por um motor e uma mola, conhecido como vibrador centrífugo. O objetivo deste estudo é mostrar a diferença de comportamento do sistema, quando consideramos molas duras (coeficiente de elasticidade cúbica positivo) ou molas suaves (coeficiente de elasticidade cúbica negativo). Para mola dura foi analisada a estabilidade dos pontos de equilíbrio, e mostrada por meio da teoria de variedade central e do teorema de Bezout a existência da bifurcação de Hopf. Para mola suave, þe mostrada a existência de uma órbita heteroclínica conectando dois pontos de sela. Usando o método clássico de Melnikov, é discutida a existência ou não do comportamento caótico para um determinado nível de energia e para certos valores do coeficiente de amortecimento. Toda a análise é acompanhada de simulações numéricas para a confirmação dos resultados. / In this work we present a study of the dynamics of a non-ideal vibrating system, composed by a motor and a spring, which is known as centrifugal vibrator. The purpose of this study is to show the difference of behavior of the system when we consider hard springs (positive coefficient of cubical elasticity) or soft springs (negative coefficient of cubical elasticity). For hard spring the stability of the fixed point was analyzed, and by means of the Central Manifolds Theory and the Bezout theorem the existence of the Hopf Bifurcation is shown. For soft spring, it is shown the existence of a heteroclinic orbit connecting two saddle points. Using the classical Melnikov method it is discussed the existence, or not, of the chaotic behavior for some energy level and certain values of the damping coefficient. All the analysis is followed by numerical simulations to confirm the results.

Orientador: Masayoshi Tsuchida / Banca: Márcio José Horta Dantas / Banca: Manoel Ferreira Borges Neto / Resumo: Neste trabalho apresentamos um estudo da dinâmica de um sistema vibrante não ideal, composto por um motor e uma mola, conhecido como vibrador centrífugo. O objetivo deste estudo é mostrar a diferença de comportamento do sistema, quando consideramos molas duras (coeficiente de elasticidade cúbica positivo) ou molas suaves (coeficiente de elasticidade cúbica negativo). Para mola dura foi analisada a estabilidade dos pontos de equilíbrio, e mostrada por meio da teoria de variedade central e do teorema de Bezout a existência da bifurcação de Hopf. Para mola suave, þe mostrada a existência de uma órbita heteroclínica conectando dois pontos de sela. Usando o método clássico de Melnikov, é discutida a existência ou não do comportamento caótico para um determinado nível de energia e para certos valores do coeficiente de amortecimento. Toda a análise é acompanhada de simulações numéricas para a confirmação dos resultados. / Abstract: In this work we present a study of the dynamics of a non-ideal vibrating system, composed by a motor and a spring, which is known as centrifugal vibrator. The purpose of this study is to show the difference of behavior of the system when we consider hard springs (positive coefficient of cubical elasticity) or soft springs (negative coefficient of cubical elasticity). For hard spring the stability of the fixed point was analyzed, and by means of the Central Manifolds Theory and the Bezout theorem the existence of the Hopf Bifurcation is shown. For soft spring, it is shown the existence of a heteroclinic orbit connecting two saddle points. Using the classical Melnikov method it is discussed the existence, or not, of the chaotic behavior for some energy level and certain values of the damping coefficient. All the analysis is followed by numerical simulations to confirm the results. / Mestre

This dissertation deals with instabilities of thin liquid films up to entrainment of drops. Four types of instabilities have been classified depending on the type of structure and process on the liquid film surface: two-dimensional slow waves, two-dimensional fast waves, three-dimensional waves, solitary waves and entrainment of drops from the film surface. This thesis analyzes the physical principles of instabilities and deals with the mathematical formulation of the problem. Shear and pressure forces acting on the surface of the liquid film are identified as the cause of instabilities. Mathematical models for predicting instabilities are demonstrated using approaches based on solving the Orr-Sommerfeld equation and the equations of motion in integral form. Models of shear and pressure forces acting on the surface of the film and selected models of film thickness are presented. The work is focused on the prediction of the initiation of two-dimensional waves using the integral approach. Shear stress and pressure forces acting on the liquid film surface have been modeled using the simulation of air flow over a solid surface. Finally, criteria for drop entrainment are presented with their dependence on air velocity and film thickness.

La dynamique semi-classique d'un opérateur pseudo-différentiel sur une variété est l'analogue quantique du flot classique de son symbole principal sur la variété . Cette dynamique semi-classique est décrite par l'équation de Schrödinger de l'opérateur ; alors que le flot classique hamiltonien est, lui, donné par les équations d'Hamilton associées a la fonction . Le spectre de l'opérateur pseudo-différentiel permet donc de pouvoir décrire les solutions générales en fonction du temps de l'équation de Schrödinger associée. Le comportement en temps long de la dynamique semi-classique donnée par ces solutions reste cependant sur bien des points mystérieux. La dynamique semi-classique dépend donc directement du spectre de l'opérateur et aussi par conséquent de la géométrie sous jacente dans induite par la fonction symbole classique . Dans cette thèse, on décrit d'abord la dynamique semi-classique en temps long dans le cas de la dimension 1 avec une fonction symbole n'ayant pas de singularité ou bien avec une singularité non-dégénérée de type elliptique : le feuilletage dans de est alors elliptique. Les règles de Bohr-Sommerfeld régulières fournissent alors le spectre d'un tel opérateur. On traite aussi le cas de la dimension 2 qui nous amène à quelques discussions de théorie de nombres. Pour finir, on s'intéresse au cas d'un opérateur pseudo-différentiel avec une singularité non-dégénérée de type hyperbolique : le feuilletage dans de est alors un ”huit hyperbolique ” (modèle difféomorphe au Schrödinger avec un potentiel double puits).