Le noctambulisme est un phénomène émergeant dans les villes métropolitaines dynamiques, telles que Paris et Madrid. Sortir en ville la nuit est une pratique démocratisée parmi les jeunes urbains, s’extériorisant des lieux marchands et assimilant en quantité alcool, tabac et drogues. Les représentations sociales négatives font référence tant à une problématique de santé publique (nommée la « défonce » des jeunes vulnérables), qu’à une problématique morale du bien « vivre ensemble ». La symbolique nocturne accentue ces traits.La nuit est devenue un enjeu électoral. Analyser la construction de la politique publique de la vie nocturne rend compte du décalage des acteurs en négociation avec le noctambulisme. La légitimation des dispositifs sociotechniques de répression s’effectue au moyen d’une participation publique biaisée, dont les sortants sont absents. Les résidents-plaignants s’attaquent au bruit des terrasses, les exploitants d’établissements défendent le développement économique de leur activité, les institutionnels encouragent l’attractivité touristique nocturne.Or, ce phénomène social met en lumière la désynchronisation des rythmes sociaux entre eux et des temporalités urbaines, relative à la troisième modernité. Comprendre comment les sortants publicisent en situation cette désynchronisation permet de mettre à jour les valeurs et normes produites. Il s’agit d’étudier leurs tactiques face à la programmation urbaine, la gestion du stigmate qu’ils portent, les formes de légitimation dans l’investissement ordinaire des nuits urbaines. En leur redonnant la parole, apparaissent des conflits symboliques de cohabitation nocturne, une problématique de reconnaissance de la jeunesse / Night-strolling is a phenomenon emerging in the dynamic metropolitan cities like Paris and Madrid. Having party in town during the night-time is a practice democratized among urban young people. They go out of the merchant locations and take a large quantity of alcohol, tobacco and drugs. The negative social representations refer to a public health problem (“stoned” vulnerable young people) and a legal problem of the way to “live together”. Night symbolic highlights these dimensions. Night-time has become an electoral issue. Analyzing the construction of a public policy about nightlife reflects the gap between the actors in negotiation and the night-strolling. A biased public participation – without the night-strollers - allows the legitimation of socio-technical systems of repression. Residents-plaintiffs attack the noise terraces, ownerships of night-enterprises defend the economic development and institutional actors encourage night tourism attraction. However, this social phenomenon highlights the desynchronization of social rhythms and urban temporalities, specific to the third modernity. Understanding how young people publicize this desynchronization in situation give elements about norms and values produced. This study deals with their tactics face the urban planning, the management of the stigma they carry, the forms of legitimization in the ordinary placement of urban nights. The symbolic conflicts of nocturnal cohabitation emerge by the voice of night-strollers: a youth recognition problem

Le problème du calcul d'isogénies est apparu dans l'algorithme SEA de comptage de points de courbes elliptiques définies sur des corps finis. L'apparition de nouvelles applications du calcul d'isogénies (crypto système à trappe, fonction de hachage, accélération de la multiplication scalaire, crypto système post quantique) ont motivé par ailleurs la recherche d'algorithmes plus rapides en dehors du contexte SEA. L'algorithme de Couveignes (1996), malgré ses améliorations par De Feo (2011), présente la meilleure complexité en le degré de l'isogénie mais ne peut s'appliquer dans le cas de grande caractéristique.L'objectif de cette thèse est donc de présenter une modification de l'algorithme de Couveignes (1996) utilisable en toute caractéristique avec une complexité en le degré de l'isogénie similaire à celui de Couveignes (1996).L'amélioration de l'algorithme de Couveignes (1996) se fait à travers deux axes: la construction de tours d'extensions de degré $ell$ efficaces pour rendre les opérations plus rapides, à l'image des travaux de De Feo (2011), et la détermination d'ensemble de points d'ordre $ell^k$ stables sous l'action d'isogénies.L'apport majeur de cette thèse est fait sur le second axe pour lequel nous étudions les graphes d'isogénies dans lesquels les points représentent les courbes elliptiques et les arrêtes représentent les isogénies. Nous utilisons pour notre travail les résultats précédents de Kohel (1996), Fouquet et Morain (2001), Miret emph{et al.} (2005,2006,2008), Ionica et Joux (2001). Nous présentons donc dans cette thèse, à l'aide d'une étude de l'action du Frobenius sur les points d'ordre $ell^k$, un nouveau moyen de déterminer les directions dans le graphe (volcan) d'isogénies. / Isogeny computation problem appeared in the SEA algorithm to count the number of points on an elliptic curve defined over a finite field. Algorithms using ideas of Elkies (1998) solved this problem with satisfying results in this context. The appearance of new applications of the isogeny computation problem (trapdoor crypto system, hash function, scalar multiplication acceleration, post quantic crypto system) motivated the search for a faster algorithm outside the SEA context. Couveignes's algorithm (1996) offers the best complexity in the degree of the isogeny but, despite improvements by DeFeo (2011), it proves being unpractical with great characteristic.The aim of this work is to present a modified version of Couveignes's algorithm (1996) that maintains the same complexity in the degree of the isogeny but is practical with any characteristic.Two approaches contribute to the improvement of Couveignes's algorithm (1996) : firstly, the construction of towers of degree $ell$ extensions which are efficient for faster arithmetic operations, as used in the work of De Feo (2011), and secondly, the specification of sets of points of order $ell^k$ that are stable under the action of isogenies.The main contribution of this document is done following the second approach. Our work uses the graph of isogeny where the vertices are elliptic curves and the edges are isogenies. We based our work on the previous results of David Kohel (1996), Fouquet and Morain (2001), Miret emph{& al.} (2005,2006,2008), Ionica and Joux (2001). We therefore present in this document, through the study of the action of the Frobenius endomorphism on points of order $ell^k$, a new way to specify directions in the isogeny graph (volcano).

Au regard du fait que le père soit toujours incertain, nous avons tenté de saisir comment se fait l’appropriation psychique de la paternité des hommes français et turcs de France, dans le monde contemporain. Dans cet objectif, nous avons tenté de recueillir les ressentis, attentes ainsi que les marqueurs du devenir père, au fil de la période périnatale. Nous avons procédé, au travers de paroles singulières d’hommes devenant père, à ce recueil de données. Nous avons observé que la conjointe amorce le processus amenant à la paternaliité lors de l’annonce de sa grossesse. Le rapport imaginaire de ces hommes à l’enfant va forger cette construction mais également tous les protagonistes avec lesquels ils seront en contact. Le remboursement de la dette symbolique est le moteur de cette construction. En effet, le père par les signifiants qui lui sont propres, créé son rapport particulier au père. La langue dans laquelle il s’inscrit y joue un rôle : le père est éminemment un produit culturel. / Given that the father is always uncertain, we tried to understand what drive French men and Turkish men from France to claim ownership of psychic fatherhood, in the contemporary world. In order to achieve this, we attempt to collect inner feelings, expectations as well as father becoming’s indicators, throughout the perinatality period. We proceed by data collection by way of singular talks of men who are in the process of becoming-father. We observed that wife primes the process leading to fatherhood at the time of the announcement of pregnancy. The imaginary link of these men to the child will forge this construction but also every protagonists with whom they will be in contact. The symbolic debt’s refund is the driving force of this construction. Indeed, the father with his own signifiers, creates a personal relation of father. The language in which he comes within plays a role : the father is eminently a cultural product.

Un parfum aujourd’hui est le plus souvent produit dans un contexte industriel. Ce contexte favorise l’innovation et la recherche de nouvelles matières premières, tout en créant de fortes attentes sur le produit fini. Est ainsi formé un panorama de créations homogènes, répondant aux standards de modes olfactives. Commande des clients des sociétés de composition, le parfum est présenté comme une équivalence olfactive d’inspirations de mots et d’images. En l’absence d’un code olfactif strict, cette équivalence est renforcée par les textes descriptifs qui énumèrent les ingrédients ou leurs effets et transforment les parfums en signes complexes de leurs composés. Contestant la notion d’équivalence littérale entre les odeurs, les mots et les images, nous pensons néanmoins que le parfum fonctionne comme un système symbolique tel que ceux décrits par Nelson Goodman. Pour en comprendre la signification, on ne peut se limiter à la seule lecture immanente du parfum, il faut effectuer une ouverture pragmatique à l’étude des conditions de sa production et des relations entre les différents producteurs tout en envisageant le contexte culturel ainsi que ses usages. En effet, selon qu’il est senti sur mouillette ou porté par un individu, le parfum fonctionne différemment. Dans un cas, il dénote et exemplifie des objets ou des odeurs du monde, dans l’autre, il distingue. Il peut aussi avoir un fonctionnement esthétique et se rapprocher des formes symboliques artistiques, constituant la vision singulière d’un monde. Cette dimension cognitive et représentative du parfum contribue à renforcer la rupture entre les odeurs naturelles et les odeurs artefactuelles à prétention artistique. / More often than not, a perfume is created within an industrial context, which entails innovation and searching for new raw materials, while at the same time creating expectations for the finished product. A homogenous landscape is created in response to the olfactory standards of fashion. Ordered by clients to their fragrance house suppliers, the fragrance is presented as an olfactory equivalent to words and images. Because no strong olfactory code exists, this equivalence is reinforced by descriptive texts, which support fragrances by naming their ingredients and effects, and thereby transform fragrances into complex signs of their components. Contesting the possibility of any literal equivalence between smells, words and images, we think nonetheless that a perfume functions as a symbolic system, akin to those described by Nelson Goodman. In order to understand the meaning of a fragrance, one cannot focus on an immanent reading of it. One is better advised to gauge it pragmatically, through the study of the conditions of its production and the relationships between producers, never neglecting the cultural perspective or the uses put to it. Indeed, depending on whether the fragrance is smelt on paper strips or worn by a person, it functions in different ways. In the former case, it denotes or exemplifies objects or smells of the world, whereas in the latter, it creates a distinction. It can also function aesthetically, not unlike the symbolic forms of art, and constitute the singular vision of a world. Both cognitive and depictive, this dimension of a fragrance helps differentiate natural smells from artificial ones which have taken on an aesthetic value.

The problem of this study is to see if there is more symbolic language transfer by autistic children in an untrained matching situation if there has been previous training on similar matching situations. The purposes of the study are twofold. The first is to see if subjects will make a motor sign response untrained to an object if the word for the object has been trained to the motor sign response and to see if they will make a motor sign response untrained to a word for an object if they have been trained to make the response to the object named. The second is to see, if transfer occurs, whether the order presentations of object and word are a factor.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 1981. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND HUMANITIES. / Bibliography: leaves 205-206. / by Fredric M. Katz. / Ph.D.

There is a dearth of Black male education success stories and a lack of documenting by some pastoral practitioners of their model of pastoral care. The absence of both my story and model was due to traumatic memories. As a Black male pastor and educator, seen as a role model, working to inspire Black young males disaffected in their education, the absence blocked my practice advancement. Therefore, I used this problem for a self-reflective study on my practice to put my record straight. First I revisited a snapshot of my educational past and contemporary practice using a Black metaphorical redemptive lens to see my study as a Black hero’s journey. Second, I imagined myself through a Johari Awareness Model in reflective conversation with myself, Jesus Christ, and others. Third, I located my work within a practical theological paradigm and used autoethnographic methodological approach and methods to gather and analyse my data. Finally, I subjected my findings to a discussion interpreted through my conceptual lens to see what would emerge. Hidden insights underpinning my practice were surfaced providing me with a new view of my life and way of being in my practice. Captured in the form of my autoethnography, this serves as a new Black cultural symbolic resource. This gives documented access to my education success story. It also models my pastoral practice which now enables me to share with others, through symbolic modelling, the current best knowledge and practices underpinning my work. My study is an innovative use of inner experiences for Black professional advancement from blocked traumatic memories. It provides a new model within the field of practical theology, by which others might see a theology by heart beyond the usage of text for professional development. My inquiry makes me more transparent and a better role model for student and colleagues.

O objetivo central deste trabalho é estudar/compreender, as bases ancestrais da educação e seus desdobramentos, com base em uma perspectiva mitohermenêutica e simbólica, nos movimentos sociais indígenas no Equador. O aporte mitohermenêutico - apresenta-se, como estilo filosófico - no sentido de manter uma atitude de inquietação e questionamento e, também, como método de investigação - no sentido de estabelecer procedimentos sistemáticos de pesquisa acadêmica. Com esse enfoque, de maneira específica, no primeiro capítulo, enfatiza-se o contato com próprio pesquisador, misturando-se ao estilo hermenêutico, que busca a compreensão de si mesmo como ponto de partida, meio e fim de toda jornada interpretativa; no segundo capítulo, destacam-se os movimentos indígenas; no terceiro capítulo, retomam-se as noções de espiritualidade nos estudantes universitários indígenas e seu diálogo com a ancestralidade ameríndia; no quarto capítulo, articula-se ancestralidade e simbolismo. Com base nos aspectos aqui resgatados, chega-se a tese de que a prática dos elementos da vida, do cotidiano, do simbolismo do ameríndio, tais como coletivo, comunitário, distribuição, dualidade, complementaridade, minga, território, espaço e ancestralidade estão presentes e parecem impulsionar a luta pela reivindicação da identidade, da espiritualidade e, portanto, do reconhecimento da condição indígena na sociedade equatoriana. Pensa-se ainda que a ancestralidade aparece como alternativa de releitura da contemporaneidade e sua complexidade. Assim, sugere-se que a educação deverá ocupar o importante papel de resgate e de transmissão da cultura indígena. Todavia, com uma racionalidade que está sendo sinalizadora do diálogo entre as culturas. Esta sendo sinalizadora do diálogo entre as culturas. / The central objective is to study and understand the ancestral education basis and its consequences symbolic ancient hermeneutic of native movements in Ecuador. The myth-hermeneutic contribution presents, in ancient philosophy and style, maintaining an attitude of interest and questioning, as well as research method provides systematic procedures for academic research. With this approach, specifically, in the first chapter, we emphasize in the contact with the researcher, hermeneutic style \"fusion\" which is self-understanding as a starting point, middle and end of each day\'s works interpretation, the second chapter highlights the natives movement, in the third chapter includes the spirituality concepts in college students and dialogue with native Amerindian descent, in the chapter fourth, articulates the ancestry and symbolism. On the basis of the topics discussed, we come to the view that the daily life, the everyday, the symbolism of Amerindian, for example - public, the community, distribution, duality, the complementarity, Minga, the territory, space and descent - are present and seem to reinforce the fight to claim the identity, spirituality, and therefore the recognition of natives status in Ecuadorian society. It is believed that the ancestors continue to emerge as an alternative reading of the contemporary world and its complexity. Therefore, it is suggested that education should play a major role in the rescue and the transmission of natives indigenous culture. However, with a rationality that is leading the dialogue between cultures. This is a sign of dialogue between cultures.

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2016-03-07T19:47:29Z No. of bitstreams: 3 Dissertação - Edineia de Lourdes Pereira - 2014 - Parte 01.pdf: 19441432 bytes, checksum: f427c4f827cdcd11aa29a05a545dbb6d (MD5) Dissertação - Edineia de Lourdes Pereira - 2014 - Parte 02.pdf: 7035992 bytes, checksum: d6ac5ddd5a76a5262654a82267ebd4f0 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2016-03-07T19:49:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 Dissertação - Edineia de Lourdes Pereira - 2014 - Parte 01.pdf: 19441432 bytes, checksum: f427c4f827cdcd11aa29a05a545dbb6d (MD5) Dissertação - Edineia de Lourdes Pereira - 2014 - Parte 02.pdf: 7035992 bytes, checksum: d6ac5ddd5a76a5262654a82267ebd4f0 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-07T19:49:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Dissertação - Edineia de Lourdes Pereira - 2014 - Parte 01.pdf: 19441432 bytes, checksum: f427c4f827cdcd11aa29a05a545dbb6d (MD5) Dissertação - Edineia de Lourdes Pereira - 2014 - Parte 02.pdf: 7035992 bytes, checksum: d6ac5ddd5a76a5262654a82267ebd4f0 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-25 / In this research we analyze the crisis of the literature in High School. Our objective is to structure the discourse of agents who have sought to understand and troubleshoot the process of losing symbolic power of literature in the schools. Thus, the analysis of the corpus has prepared speeches in which agents seek to understand this crisis. Considering that culture and education are part of the social representations and are complex structural systems built over time, we conducted an archeology supported the conceptualization of Michel Foucault, in order to understand how this was a tradition appraiser crises. From this plan of action, we trace a path through the speeches of textbooks and school anthologies of Brazilian literary, speeches by education researchers linked to Literary Studies and the speeches of regulators High School. We look, therefore, map the habitus of agents of Brazilian literary field in relation to the fact that the gradual loss of the symbolic power of literature in school. Our hypothesis is that this habitus has prevented agents of teaching of literature – as this teaching is done – recognize that literature has lost its position and its function, i.e. part of its usefulness to the contemporary society. / Nesta investigação analisa-se a crise da literatura no Ensino Médio. O nosso objetivo é a estruturação dos discursos dos agentes que têm procurado entender e solucionar o processo de perda de poder simbólico da literatura no âmbito escolar. Assim, a análise desenvolvida tem como corpus os discursos elaborados nos quais os agentes visam à compreensão dessa crise. Levando em consideração que a cultura e o ensino integram as representações sociais e que essas representações são complexos sistemas estruturais construídos ao longo do tempo, realizamos uma arqueologia, apoiados na conceituação de Michel Foucault, com o intuito de compreender como se constituiu uma tradição avaliadora dessa crise. A partir desse plano de atuação, traçamos um percurso pelos discursos dos manuais didáticos e das antologias escolares da literatura brasileira, pelos discursos de pesquisadores do ensino vinculados aos Estudos Literários e pelos discursos dos órgãos reguladores do Ensino Médio. Procuramos, dessa forma, mapear o habitus dos agentes do campo literário brasileiro em relação ao fato da paulatina perda do poder simbólico da literatura na escola. A nossa hipótese é que esse habitus tem impedido que os agentes do ensino da literatura – tal como esse ensino é realizado – enxerguem que a literatura perdeu a sua posição e as suas funções, isto é, parte da sua utilidade para a sociedade contemporânea.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / A evoluÃÃo do Ãmbito profissional do farmacÃutico em direÃÃo à saÃde pÃblica e ao contexto clÃnico, à um fenÃmeno global e repercute no desenvolvimento de novas prÃticas profissionais para dar conta de atribuiÃÃes antes inexistentes. No Brasil, o papel do farmacÃutico na implementaÃÃo da polÃtica nacional de medicamentos, na AssistÃncia e AtenÃÃo FarmacÃutica do nÃvel primÃrio de saÃde, vem sendo regulamentado, criando tensÃes no processo de trabalho que vÃo alÃm dos aspectos de ordem tÃcnica. Para permitir a aproximaÃÃo dessa realidade, foi utilizado um estudo exploratÃrio de carÃter descritivo que empregou o mÃtodo qualitativo de pesquisa atravÃs de entrevistas abertas aplicadas aos farmacÃuticos e observaÃÃo dos espaÃos e atividades das unidades que apresentam esse profissional de saÃde, com o objetivo de avaliar a percepÃÃo do farmacÃutico como profissionais de saÃde, relativa as suas prÃprias atividades. Dos 13 Centros de SaÃde da FamÃlia, 12 (92%) foram visitados, dos quais 5 (42%) funcionam dois turnos (manhà e tarde) e 7 (58 %) durante os trÃs turnos, com um total de 30 equipes de PSF distribuÃdas para a cobertura das Ãreas de abrangÃncia e quadro de servidores e profissionais de saÃde variando com a necessidade de cada Centro. Foram observadas tambÃm dificuldades estruturais, carÃncia de planejamento, alÃm de baixo nÃvel de trabalho em equipe. As farmÃcias seguiram as problemÃticas dos Centros, trabalhando de forma mais isolada. Dos 18 farmacÃuticos atuando, 17 (94%) foram entrevistados, sendo 13 (76%) do sexo feminino e 4 (24%) do masculino; com faixa etÃria variando entre 26 a 58, e idade mÃdia de 46 anos, dos quais 15 (88%) graduaram-se por Universidade pÃblica, entre 1978 e 2006, em sua maior parte BioquÃmicos (53%), concursados (82%), com tempo mÃdio de serviÃo de 18 anos. A Ãnica pÃs-graduaÃÃo relatada foi especializaÃÃo, cursada por 41% dos entrevistados. A percepÃÃo desses profissionais possibilitou a identificaÃÃo de nÃs, conectados à esfera simbÃlica e de domÃnio prÃtico, que dificultam a concepÃÃo dos mesmos como profissionais de saÃde e a promoÃÃo de um serviÃo de melhor qualidade. Faz-se necessÃrio recuperar a auto-estima e promover direcionamento desses profissionais para a melhoria de aÃÃes de integralidade na saÃde. / The evolution of pharmaceutical extent through Public Health services and clinical context is a global tendency with repercussion on new professional practices development to support the attributions that didnât exist before. In Brazil the pharmacist role to implement the National Drug Policy and pharmaceutical practices, including pharmaceutical care, in primary health care, is being regulated, causing troubles in working process that go beyond technical aspects. To promote an approximation of this reality, we use an exploitative descriptive study which resorted qualitative research method, with interviews applied to pharmacists and observational techniques applied to professionals and health family centers. The objective was to recognize the local reality and evaluate pharmacistsâ perception like health professionals in their routine activities. We visited 12 (92%) of 13 health family centers what have pharmacist working in primary health care pharmacies, of witch 5 (42%) work during 2 turns and 7 (58%) at 3 turns, they have 30 PSF teams to cover their areas and a variable registered professional list according to units needs. We also observed structure problems, lack planning and low level of team work. The pharmacies follow the same problems that we identify in the health family centers, but it works more isolated. We interview 17 (94%) of 18 pharmacists, 13 (76%) women and 4 (24%) men; with age group between 26 and 58 years old. A number of 15 (88%), graduated by Public University, between 1878 and 2006, the major have qualification in biochemistry (53%) and was public servants (82%), with 18 year middle work time. The only post graduation related was expert, concluded by 41% of them. The pharmacistâs perceptions means rubs identifications, related to symbolic and practice categories that raise difficulties the pharmacistâs conception like health professionals and better services promotion. Its essential recover the pharmacistâs self-esteem and promotes a professional guidance to improve actions of health integrality.