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441	Narrar o passado: as matrizes do conto popular na literatura infantil em De Morte de Angela Lago Montoro, Silvia Luciana 22 April 2009 (has links) Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:59:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silvia Luciana Montoro.pdf: 45240212 bytes, checksum: dc6c36fe0f2682a015e481a48c2e184f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-22 / This research purposes to study the matrices of the popular story in children literature, showing how the narrative of Angela Lago is based on a multiple reading of the verbal and visual expression. The analysis corpus was the book De Morte. By the perspective of the theoretical approach of scholars as Teresa Colomer, Sonia Salomão Khède, Regina Zilberman, Marisa Lajolo, Alceu Maynard Araújo, we was considered the analysis of children literature and popular tradition, directed toward in order to examinate the characteristics that constituting the plan of expression of this work. The research still consists in the proposal to explore Angela Lago is fiction about the wonderful story and the popular story, analysing the typical characters of the Christian folklore, which actions follow the line of the wonderful tall according to Vladimir Propp. As a result we focused how the matrices of the popular story influence the contemporary children literature, specially of Angela Lago s fiction, demonstrating the importance of folklore in literature. The characters of the popular story, inscribed in a wonderful story, construct a new literary totality by the articulation of these two systems, the popular and the erudite. In this way the analysis would explore two strategies that are linked in the story: in the first one, verbal and visual represent the multiplicity of reading and, in the other one, the analysis of the characters by the functions according the morphologycal of study Propp. For these reason the graphical project of Angela Lago s work was examined within the intention of the popular story. Finally the research considered how the matrices of the popular story are presented in Brazilian children literature, particularies in De Morte, emphasizing how evil characts and vicious attitudes can be presented to children, without influencing negatively his cultural context / A pesquisa objetivou estudar as matrizes do conto popular na literatura infantil mostrando como a narrativa de Angela Lago se estrutura com uma leitura múltipla da expressão verbal e visual. O corpus de análise foi o livro De Morte. Com a perspectiva de abordagem do problema orientado com o aparato teórico de estudiosos como Teresa Colomer, Sonia Salomão Khède, Regina Zilberman, Marisa Lajolo, Alceu Maynard Araújo, levou-se em conta a análise do percurso gerativo da literatura infantil e a tradição popular voltada para o exame das características que constitui o plano de expressão dessa obra. A pesquisa ainda se constitui na proposta de explorar o fazer literário de Angela Lago relativo ao conto maravilhoso e ao conto popular, analisando as personagens típicas do folclore cristão, cujas ações seguem a linha do maravilhoso proposto por Vladimir Propp. Como resultado pontuou-se como as matrizes do conto popular influenciam a literatura infantil contemporânea, em especial a criação de Angela Lago, demonstrando a riqueza do folclore na literatura. As personagens arquetípicas do conto popular, inscritas num conto maravilhoso, propõem uma totalidade de sentidos construída pela articulação dos dois sistemas, popular e erudito. Dessa maneira os procedimentos de análise do livro observado exploram dois discursos que se fundem no conto: no primeiro, verbal e visual representam a multiplicidade da leitura e no outro, a análise da personagem pelas funções do conto maravilhoso segundo o estudo morfológico do conto de magia de Propp. Por isso, o projeto gráfico da obra foi examinado tomando a intenção manifesta do conto popular. Por fim, a pesquisa considerou como a matriz do conto popular se apresenta determinante na literatura infantil brasileira e como isto se dá na obra De Morte, destacando como as figuras macabras e atitudes desvirtuosas podem ser apresentadas ao leitor infantil e não influenciar negativamente o seu contexto sócio-cultural Conto popular Literatura infantil Imagem Conto maravilhoso Popular story Children literature Image Wonderful tall
442	Physiological effects of drought on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) Butler, Tony January 2008 (has links) The Canterbury plains are frequently exposed to summer drought and climate predictions forecast that the severity and frequency of summer drought will increase. The most commonly used pasture grass, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), is drought sensitive. One possible method to maintain sward dry matter (DM) production under water stress is to use an alternative grass species such as tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). The objective of this research was to compare summer DM production of monoculture swards of perennial ryegrass and tall fescue under various seasonal drought regimes to study physiological and biochemical drought responses of each species. Data were collected over a period of two-summer seasons, Season One (2006-2007) and Season Two (2007-2008) in an automated rain shelter at Lincoln, Canterbury. Drought treatments included exposure of plants to a spring or autumn drought or a four-weekly "irrigated" drought regime. DM yields of the two species were similar under each watering regime. The control treatment, under non-limiting conditions, has the highest accumulated yield in both Season One and Two for ryegrass (17.1 and 15.7 t DM ha⁻¹) and tall fescue (18.8 and 16.0 t DM ⁻¹) respectively. Spring and autumn drought treatments were similar for the two species in accumulated yield in either season, however the exposure to drought stress returned yields lower than the control. Consistently, the lowest-yielding treatment was the four-weekly irrigated drought, which resulted in an average yield across species in Season One of 10.1 t DM ha⁻¹ and 8.35 t DM ha⁻¹ in Season Two. Growth rates of the swards were calculated using accumulated DM production against accumulated thermal time using a base temperature of 3°C for both species. The control treatments showed a strong linear relationship for both species in both seasons, though Season Two showed a period of approximately 390 °Cd of no growth. Spring growth was similar for all treatments until October when both the spring drought and four-weekly irrigated treatment deviated from the control as water stress commenced. Growth also ceased under autumn drought later in the season. The physiological drought responses between species and among treatments differed. Tall fescue under control conditions had the highest photosynthesis rates of 20.5 µmol CO₂ m⁻² s⁻¹,or 22% higher than ryegrass, whereas the four-weekly irrigated treatment showed no inter-species differences. Differences were also found for other gas exchange parameters. Physiological water use efficiency (phys WUE) in ryegrass was 15% greater than tall fescue in Season Two. Photosynthesis and gas exchange rates against leaf water potential showed declining gas flow in both species across all treatments in response to drying soil conditions and across all irrigation treatments. The osmo-protectant proline was 22% higher in concentration in ryegrass than in tall fescue in Season Two and increased in drought stressed treatments in both seasons. Water stress was found to reduce total chlorophyll concentrations in all treatments and in tall fescue, while little change occurred in the chlorophyll a:b ratio. In conclusion, the findings from this thesis suggest similar DM responses for the two species under drought. The findings suggests that tall fescue performs more as a "water user" under drought conditions, compared with perennial ryegrass, which is more a "water saver." Resonses to the changing environment to a point, before "shuttting up shop" through lower stomatal conductance. tall fescue ryegrass nutritional value water stress water relations DM production stomata thermal time relative water content photosynthesis ME N% proline osmotic adjustment Festuca arundinacea Schreb. Lolium perenne chlorophyll glucose leaf water potential transpiration
443	Short-term effects of controlled conservation burning Rindzevičius, Vytautas January 2014 (has links) In this study, the immediate and short term (three months) effects of conservation burning have been investigated in coniferous forests in southeastern Sweden. Five tree species were investigated Picea abies (Norway spruce), Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine), Populus tremula (aspen), Betula pendula (silver birch) and Betula pubescens (downy birch), as well as ground vegetation of mosses, dwarf shrubs and ground lichens. Burning increased the proportion of live deciduous tree shoots from 51 % to 81 % and the live tree shoot size distribution of four tree species was significantly changed by fire. Fire affected the tree species differently. Three months after burning deciduous tree species exhibited strong sprouting, while P. sylvestris had established many seedlings, significantly increasing its share of the tree stand. P. abies lacked any visible positive response to burning and its number of live shoots decreased by 83 %. Mineral soil was exposed on only the moss vegetation and covered just 4 % of the studied plot area. The initial vegetation response to fire was negative, but significant dwarf shrub recovery was detected three months after burning. forest forest fire burning nature conservation conservation Sweden fenoscandia Norway spruce Scots pine aspen Picea abies Pinus sylvestris Populus tremula Betula vegetation trees tree shoots follow-up followup boreal boreal forest ekology skog skogsbrand brand bränning naturvård bevarande Sverige fenoscandia gran tall asp Picea abies Pinus sylvestris Populus tremula Betula vegitation träd trädskott trä skott upfäljning followup boreal boreal skog ekologi
444	Análise da influência do sombreamento causado pelos edifícios na zona central de Curitiba Campos, Giovana de Almeida Coelho 02 December 2014 (has links) O crescimento urbano e o ritmo acelerado na concentração de pessoas nas cidades são inevitáveis. A verticalização das construções como solução para atender a necessidade da máxima ocupação do solo e para justificar a infraestrutura investida pelo poder público nas áreas centrais, causa consideráveis impactos no entorno em que estão inseridas. Contudo, a urbanização em si não é um problema, e sim a forma como as cidades estão sendo construídas e ocupadas. Diante disso, o trabalho apresenta como objetivo principal a verificação da influência do sombreamento gerado pelos edifícios altos dentro de um recorte definido na zona com maior capacidade de verticalização em Curitiba. Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida em quatro etapas: a primeira, de fundamentação teórica com o estudo da literatura existente sobre o tema, a segunda para definição da região de estudo na cidade e os períodos a serem analisados, a terceira etapa para delimitação do recorte de estudo com análises de cada período e, a quarta com a elaboração das simulações computacionais nos softwares Auto CAD, Sketchup Pro, Excel e Ecotect para obtenção de resultados. Durante a evolução da pesquisa, verificou-se que, de fato, o nsombreamento causado pelos edifícios altos comprometem consideravelmente as construções vizinhas a eles e todo o seu entorno imediato. Além disso, foi concluído que Curitiba, uma cidade considerada fria, sofre nos períodos de inverno com o excessivo sombreamento nas áreas públicas entre quadras. Em contrapartida, as áreas abertas de lazer estão posicionadas adequadamente e não se prejudicam com a verticalização da Zona Central. De qualquer forma, a intenção de redução de impacto gerado por esses processos deve ser planejada em um contexto mais significativo. A elaboração de projetos deve ter como premissa a adequação ao clima e ao contexto local, da mesma forma que devem ser analisados os impactos ambientais dessas sobre as construções vizinhas e os espaços externos localizados em uma área de influência. A idéia de preservar o skyline já consolidado na cidade, evitando edifícios muito altos, pode ser uma alternativa para minimização dos impactos de sombreamento. / Urban growth and the fast pace in the concentration of people in cities are inevitable. Building verticalization as a solution to attend the need of maximum land use and to justify the infrastructure invested by the government in central areas, cause considerable impacts on the environment which they are. However, urbanization is not a problem itself, but how cities are being built and occupied. Thus, the main goal of this work is to verify the shadow influence caused by tall buildings in a specific area inside of the zone with more capacity of verticalization in Curitiba. This research was developed in four steps: the first one was to study the existing literature about this topic, second to define study section in the city and periods to be analyzed, third step to delimit a zoom of study with analysis about all periods and, fourth with computer simulations on Auto CAD, Sketchup Pro, Excel and Ecotect softwares to obtain important results. During the evolution of this work, it was verified that the shading caused by tall buildings undertake considerably neighboring buildings and all surrounding area. Furthermore, it was concluded that Curitiba, a cold city, suffers in winter season due to excessive shading in public spaces between blocks. On the other hand, open spaces as squares are correctly positioned and do not harm with verticalization on the downtown zone. Anyway, the intention to reduce the impact caused by these processes must be planned in a more embracing context. Project elaboration must consider local climate and urban context, just as the environmental impacts of those on neighboring buildings and on open spaces. The idea of preserving skylines already consolidate, avoiding tall buildings, can be an alternative to minimize shading impacts. Crescimento urbano - Aspectos ambientais Edifícios altos - Curitiba (PR) Planejamento urbano Espaços públicos Arquitetura e clima Impacto ambiental Simulação (Computadores) Engenharia civil Tall buildings - Curitiba (PR) City planning Public spaces Architecture and climate Environmental impact statements Computer simulation Civil engineering
445	Spatial Pendulum Tuned Mass Damper with Two Tuning Frequencies Mohammed, Waled T. A. 20 December 2022 (has links) No description available. Mechanical Engineering Aerospace Engineering Engineering Simulink Model of Passive Bi-PTMD System
446	Wind-induced vibrations in tall timber buildings : Design standards, experimental and numerical modal analyses Landel, Pierre January 2022 (has links) Climate change and densification of cities are two major global challenges. Inthe building and construction industry, there are great expectations that tall timberbuildings will constitute one of the most sustainable solutions. First, verticalurban growth is energy and resource-efficient. Second, forest-based productsstore carbon and have one of the highest mechanical strength to density ratios.If the structural substitution of concrete and steel with wood in high-rise buildingsawakens fears of fire safety issues, engineers and researchers are particularlyworried about the dynamic response of the trendy tall timber buildings.Indeed, due to the low density of wood, they are lighter, and for the same height,they might be more sensitive to wind-induced vibrations than traditional buildings.To satisfy people’s comfort on the top floors, the serviceability design oftall timber buildings must consider wind-induced vibrations carefully. Architectsand structural engineers need accurate and verified calculation methods,useful numerical models and good knowledge of the dynamical properties oftall timber buildings. Firstly, the research work presented hereby attempts to increase the understandingof the dynamical phenomena of wind-induced vibration in tall buildings andevaluate the accuracy of the semi-empirical models available to estimate alongwindaccelerations in buildings. Secondly, it aims at, experimentally and numerically,studying the impact of structural parameters – masses, stiffnesses anddamping – on the dynamics of timber structures. Finally, it suggests how talltimber buildings can be modeled to correctly predict modal properties and windinducedresponses. This research thesis confirms the concerns that timber buildings above 15-20stories are more sensitive to wind excitation than traditional buildings with concreteand steel structures, and solutions are proposed to mitigate this vibrationissue. Regarding the comparison of models from different standards to estimatewind-induced accelerations, the spread of the results is found to be very large.From vibration tests on a large glulam truss, the connection stiffnesses are foundto be valuable for predicting modal properties, and numerical reductions withsimple spring models yield fair results. Concerning the structural models of conceptualand real tall timber buildings, numerical case studies emphasize the importanceof accurately distributed masses and stiffnesses of structural elements,connections and non-structural building parts, and the need for accurate dampingvalues. / Klimatförändringar och förtätning av städer är två stora globala utmaningar. Inom bygg- och anläggningsbranschen finns det stora förväntningar på att höga trähus ska utgöra en av de mest hållbara lösningarna. Dels är vertikal förtätning i städer energi- och resurseffektiv, dels lagrar skogsbaserade produkter kol och har dessutom ett av de högsta förhållanden mellan mekanisk styrka och densitet. Om den strukturella ersättningen av stål och betong med trä i höghus väcker farhågor ur brandsäkerhetssynpunkt, är ingenjörer och forskare särskilt oroliga för den dynamiska responsen i de trendiga högre trähusen. På grund av träets låga densitet blir de lättare, och för samma höjd kan de vara känsligare för vindinducerade vibrationer än traditionella byggnader. För att tillfredsställa människors komfort på de översta våningarna måste projektören av höga trähus noga överväga vindinducerade vibrationer i bruksgränstillstånd. Arkitekter och byggnadsingenjörer behöver noggranna och verifierade beräkningsmetoder, användbara numeriska modeller och goda kunskaper om höga träbyggnaders dynamiska egenskaper. För det första avser detta forskningsarbete att öka förståelsen för den dynamiska effekten av vindinducerade vibrationer i höga byggnader och utvärdera noggrannheten hos de semi-empiriska modeller som finns tillgängliga för att uppskatta byggnadens accelerationer i vindriktningen. För det andra syftar det till att, experimentellt och numeriskt, studera effekterna av strukturella parametrar – massor, styvheter och dämpning – på träkonstruktioners dynamik. Slutligen undersöks hur höga träbyggnader kan modelleras för att korrekt förutsäga modala egenskaper och vindinducerade respons. Denna forskningsuppsats bekräftar farhågorna om att träbyggnader över 15-20 våningar är mer känsliga för vindexcitation än vanliga byggnader med betong- och stålstomme. Några lösningar föreslås för att mildra detta vibrationsproblem. När det gäller jämförelsen av modeller från olika standarder för att beräkna vindinducerade accelerationer visar sig spridningen av resultaten vara mycket stor. Från tester på ett stort limträfackverk visar sig förbandsstyvheterna vara viktiga för att förutsäga modala egenskaper och numeriska reduktioner med enkla fjädermodeller ger rättvisande resultat. När det gäller de strukturella modellerna av konceptuella och verkliga höga träbyggnader, betonar numeriska fallstudier vikten av exakt fördelade massor och styvheter hos byggnadselement, förband och icke-strukturella byggnadsdelar, samt behovet av exakta dämpningsvärden. / Le changement climatique et la densification des villes sont deux défis mondiaux majeurs. Dans le domaine de la construction, les bâtiments en bois de grande hauteur sont perçus comme l'une des solutions les plus durables. D'une part la croissance urbaine verticale est économe en énergie et en ressources, d'autre part les produits forestiers stockent le carbone et ont l'un des rapports résistance mécanique/densité les plus élevés. Si la substitution structurelle du bois au béton ou à l’acier dans les immeubles de grande hauteur suscite des craintes pour les problèmes de sécurité incendie, les ingénieurs et les chercheurs s'inquiètent particulièrement de la réponse dynamique des immeubles en bois de grande hauteur à la mode. En effet, du fait de la faible densité du bois, ils sont plus légers, et à hauteur égale, ils pourraient être plus sensibles aux vibrations induites par le vent que les immeubles traditionnels. Pour satisfaire le confort des personnes aux étages supérieurs, la conception des bâtiments en bois de grande hauteur doit tenir compte judicieusement des vibrations induites par le vent. Les architectes et les ingénieurs en structure ont besoin de méthodes de calcul précises et vérifiées, de modèles numériques utiles et d'une bonne connaissance des propriétés dynamiques des bâtiments en bois de grande hauteur. Premièrement, les travaux de recherche présentés ici tentent d’approfondir la compréhension des phénomènes dynamiques des vibrations induites par le vent dans les immeubles de grande hauteur et d'évaluer la précision des modèles semi-empiriques disponibles pour calculer les accélérations dans la direction du vent. Deuxièmement, ils visent à étudier expérimentalement et numériquement les impacts des paramètres structuraux – masses, rigidités et amortissements – sur la dynamique des structures bois. Finalement, ils suggèrent comment modéliser les bâtiments en bois de grande hauteur pour prédire correctement les propriétés modales et les réponses induites par le vent. Cette thèse de recherche confirme les inquiétudes selon lesquelles les bâtiments en bois de plus de 15-20 étages sont plus sensibles à l'excitation du vent que les bâtiments traditionnels en béton armé ou en acier, et des solutions sont proposés pour atténuer ce problème vibratoire. Concernant la comparaison de différentes méthodes normalisées pour estimer les accélérations induites par le vent, la grande dispersion des résultats n'est pas négligeable. À partir d'essais expérimentaux sur un grand poteau-treillis en lamellé-collé, les rigidités de connexion s’avèrent importantes pour prédire les propriétés modales et les réductions numériques avec de simples modèles à ressort donnent des résultats acceptables. Concernant la précision des modèles structuraux de bâtiments en bois de grande hauteur conceptuels ou réels, des études de cas numériques soulignent l'importance des répartitions exactes des masses et des rigidités des éléments structuraux, des connexions et des éléments de construction non structuraux, ainsi que la nécessité de valeurs d'amortissement précises. Tall Timber Building Wind-Induced vibration Along-Wind Acceleration Modal Analysis Forced Vibration Test Finite Element Model Reduction Truss Semi-Rigid Connection Bâtiment en Bois de Grande Hauteur Vibration Induite par le Vent Accélération Parallèle au Vent Analyse Modale Test de Vibration Forcée Poteau Treillis Connexion Semi-Rigide Hög Trähus Vindinducerad Vibration Acceleration Längs med Vinden Modalanalys Forcerat Vibrationstest Finita Element Modellreduktion Fackverk Halvstyva Förband Building Technologies Husbyggnad
447	Fauxtopia Kampf, Raymond William 01 January 2004 (has links) To all who come to this fictitious place:Welcome.Fauxtopia is your land. Here, age relives distorted memories of the past, and here, youth may savor the challenge of trying to understand the present. Fauxtopia is made up of the ideals, the dreams and the fuzzy facts which have re-created reality... with the hope that it will be a source of edutainment for all the world.Ray KampfFauxtopia DedicationApril 1st, 2004 swindle subterfuge story stooge stereotype stratagem spurious spiel soft-soap snow job simulated aspersion adventure artificial anecdote allegory advertising assumptions belie bluff bogus brainwash calumniation canard cheat chronicle cliche cliffhanger con man conceal counterfeit crooked deal deceit deception disguise dishonest distort double cross ersatz evangelism exaggerate fabrication facade fake falsehood fantasy fib fiction flim flam fool folktale forgery frame up fraudulence fudge gag grifter guile guise history hoax hokey hype hyperbole knavery legend likeness make believe malign mask memoir misrepresentation mockery myth parable parody performance perjury phony placebo player ploy potboiler prevarication propaganda publicity puppet put-on quasi record reproduction romance routine ruse saga scam shtick semblance sequel show serial synthetic tall story trick unnatural untruth veneer verisimilitude white lie whopper Disney politics hyper reality theme park entertainment Art and Design Arts and Humanities

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