Examensarbetet beskriver den teori som ligger bakom en specifik lösning för balkonginspänning som Prefabmästarna har utformat. Syftet med arbetet är att få en djupare förståelse för dimensionering av betongkonstruktioner samt stålkonstruktioner med Eurokod samt EKS och att i förlängningen kunna optimera den nuvarande lösningen Prefabmästarna använder för balkonginspänningar, med hänsyn till minskad materialåtgång. Konstruktionen bygger på att en prefabricerad balkongplatta spänns fast i en kniv som är ett T-tvärsnitt vars flänsar är ingjutna i ett prefabricerat DFS-bjälklag. Inspänningen utgörs av två dragstag som fästs i balkongplattan samt med en bricka över livet på kniven. Efter inspänningen gjuts DFS-bjälklaget på vilket stabiliserar kniven från instabiliteter. Resultaten visar på att konstruktionen till stor del är mycket väl optimerad men att det på specifika ställen finns utrymme för förbättringar. Vid balkonger med längden 2,0 meter kan kniven (T-tvärsnitt ingjutet i DFS-bjälklag) minskas med 10 kg stål, vilket motsvarar drygt 50 % av knivens vikt jämtemot referenslösningen. Även vid 2,5 meters längd på balkonger kan kniven minskas ner med 7 kg stål vilket motsvarar en minskning av materialåtgången med 38 % jämtemot referenslösningen. En gemensam standard för kniven är möjlig för balkonger med längden 2,0 respektive 2,5 meter. / This dissertation describes the theory behind a specific solution for balcony attachment for concrete constructions designed by Prefabmästarna. The purpose is to get a deeper understanding of design according to Eurocode and EKS (Swedish application of eurocode) and to optimize the current solution for balcony attachment in view of reduced material usage. The design is based on a prefabricated balcony slab is fasten to a T-section whose flanges are molded in a prefabricated DFS-slab. Two tie-rods is threaded into the balcony slab and fasten to the T-section with a washer. After mounting of the balcony slab the DFS slab is molded on which stabilizes the T-section from instabilites. The results show that the structure is largely optimized but that there are room for improvements in specific places. For balconies with a length of 2.0 meters the T-section can be reduced with 10 kg of steel, which corresponds to more than 50 % of the T-section weight compared with the reference solution. Also at the 2.5 meter balconies the T-section can be reduced with 7 kg of steel, which corresponds to a 38 % reduction in material use compared with the reference solution. A common standard for the T-section is possible for balconies with a length of 2.0 and 2.5 meters.

Nuclear power has been an important part of the electricity generatingin Sweden in almost half a century. However, the use of nuclear powerraises many complex issues such as economy, accident risks, andradioactive waste management and storage. Nuclear power has thereforebeen debated intensively in Sweden as in many other countries since the1970s. Several countries have changed their nuclear policy and starteddecommissioning programs following the nuclear accident in Fukushimaback in 2011. Citizens' support for nuclear power has declined worldwidein last few years, including in Sweden. This study aims to investigatethe perception of nuclear power among engineering students and showsthat the majority of engineering students, who generally are positivetowards technology, have been affected by their surrounding and areagainst nuclear power. Engineering students in general, both supportersand opponents of nuclear power, agree that Sweden should gradually phaseout nuclear power and replace it by renewable energy sources.

Ce travail de recherche porte sur la réalisation de dispositifs électroniques spécifiques et originaux (Transistors à effet de champ à microcanaux) dédiés à la détection des espèces chimiques et biochimiques en milieu liquide. Ce dispositif s'appuie sur la technologie des transistors à grille suspendue (SGFET) déjà réalisés à l'IETR, en y apportant une amélioration majeure qui consiste en l'intégration au sein de la structure d'un canal microfluidique. Cette structure, nommée transistor à canal microfluidique intégré, doit permettre de conserver la forte sensibilité de détection du SGFET mais aussi de garantir le passage du liquide testé sous la grille. Cette architecture permet aussi d'augmenter sa robustesse et sa fiabilité tout en ne nécessitant que de très petits volumes de solutions. Des microcanaux avec un bon maintien mécanique ont été réalisés par micro-usinage de surface en utilisant différents matériaux comme couche sacrificielle. Ces canaux ont été intégré dans un FET et leurs accès microfluidiques ont été assurés en réalisant des ouvertures (inlet/outlet) par la face avant. Les tests électriques ont montré un bon fonctionnement de ces capteurs avec une grande sensibilité de mesure du pH mais le passage du liquide est alors majoritairement dû aux phénomènes de capillarité. Une amélioration sur l'architecture de la structure a été faite, en réalisant des ouvertures par la face arrière. Un bon fonctionnement avec une grande sensibilité de mesure de pH ont été présentés. Finalement, une structure hybride contenant une ouverture sur la face avant et une autre sur la face arrière, a été élaborée et les tests d'injection de la solution ont été un succès. / This work presents the achievement of specific and original electronic devices (Field effect transistor with microfluidic channel), dedicated to the detection of chemical and biochemical species in liquid. This device relies on the technologies of suspended gate transistor, developed in IETR, with a major improvement in the structure by adjunction of a microfluidic channel integrated in the structure. This structure named transistor with integrated microfluidic channel must enable to guarantee the flow of liquid under the gate, while keeping the high sensitivity of the SGFET. This architecture also allows increasing its robustness and reliability while requiring only a very small amount of chemicals solutions. Microchannels with good mechanical properties were fabricated by surface micromachining using different materials as a sacrificial layer. These channels have been integrated into a FET and microfluidic accesses (inlet / outlet) were provided by making openings via the front face. Electrical tests showed good functioning of these sensors with high sensitivity of pH measurement. However in this case, liquid flow is mainly achieved by capillarity. An improvement on the architecture of the structure was made with opening on the rear face. A good behaviour with high sensitivity of pH measurement was presented. Finally, a hybrid structure containing one opening access in the front face and one on the rear face was elaborated and the injection of the solution was successful.

The thesis focused on instruments of ICT, their using in educational environment of primary schools and their influence on educational process. In theoretical part, the readers get to know the concept of information literacy, opinions and ICT attitudes in education field over the years. The implementation and using of ICT in Education may have been causes by many reasons and this thesis tries to describe their advantages and disadvantages. The other chapters in this part describe some other methods of education and modern didactic instruments and their own historical development. The end of the theoretical part belongs to possible development in future of modern technologies in whole educational process. The second part presents some selected research studies from different EU countries schools. The research examines the implementation of ICT in educational process and impact of modern technologies on education in general and - basically studying. This chapter deals with the outcomes of the studies and emphasize significant findings and recommandations. The empirical part begins with description of author's own research, its realization, goals, methodics and hypothesis. In main part, author analyzes using of modern technologies and their influence on educational process based on interviews and questionnairies. In the final part, author evaluates the hypothesis and summarize all findings and achievements. Goal of the thesis is to spread information and new point of view on issue which is dealing with whole process of implementation and using of modern technologies in educational process and analysis present influence of ICT on education in selected primary schools.

As the cruise industry continues to grow at a rapid pace, additional qualifications for its management personnel are becoming increasingly important. Many new ships are built each year, leaving a void in experienced personnel. Additionally, some leave the ships in order to improve professional qualifications on shore. Whereas many of the companies are training personnel onboard using on-the-job training, the concepts addressed in college-level management programs remain lacking. The goal was to implement and evaluate delivery of formal coursework to English-speaking, multicultural cruise ship personnel onboard by using emerging technologies that are available today. College-level management courses using Web 2.0 technologies were designed, delivered and evaluated. Two courses were offered each was split into two groups using different technologies. Group 1 used non-emerging technologies via a web page with additional material to support the textbook. This group also used discussion forums, online quizzes and tests and online grade book. Group 2 used the same features as the first and Web 2.0 technologies including Wikis, blogs, vodcasts, YouTube.com video clips, and synchronous Instant Messaging. Both groups had intense, positive distant interactions with faculty and had comparable outcomes. The least effective technology was the wiki and the most, the Discussion Forum. The finding was that the cruise industry may well have developed a distinct culture is an important one that may well lead to a better understanding of acculturation. Three weeks proved an ideal length of time for students to complete the 1.5-credit courses. Dividing 4.5-credit courses into 1.5-modules proved successful. Out of the original 249 applicants, 162 students participated from 36 different countries located on 64 different ships around the world.

No description available.

Magister Artium - MA / The micro-enterprise sector, although associated with mostly informal businesses, shows promise of potential and transitioning to more formal businesses. With this in mind, the South African government recognizes that prioritized sectorial development is needed to stimulate growth particularly in the micro-enterprise sector. Considering that evidence reveals growth and development in small business practices being closely related to the use of different forms of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), if and when strategically applied. Therefore recognizing the importance of ICTs the South African government has embarked on various technology related initiatives to facilitate needed growth and development. Despite this, entrepreneurs in the micro-enterprise sector demonstrate a low uptake of ICTs for their business operations, including the use of mobile technologies which are the most common form of ICTs available to micro- entrepreneurs. Many previous studies have investigated the adoption and use of mobile technologies in the microenterprise sector, but despite this a low uptake of mobile technologies still exists. For this reason, this study investigates and empirically determines the factors influencing the adoption and use of mobile applications for micro-enterprise operations in South Africa, using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model as a lens. The research population comprised a group of micro-entrepreneurs who all are users of a common mobile application (mentorship-movement application). The main aim of the investigation was to determine (i) the factors influencing the adoption and use of mobile applications for micro- enterprise operation, (ii) if the experience gained and their satisfaction associated with using the mentorship-movement application will influence their behavioural intention to use other mobile applications for business. The study was conducted objectively and used hypothesis testing as the means of investigation. Data was collected through the use of a survey questionnaire. The findings of the study indicate that ii | P a g e performance expectancy and effort expectancy positively influences the micro-entrepreneurs behavioural intention to adopt and use mobile applications for micro-enterprise operations. The findings also observed that social influence has no impact on the micro- entrepreneurs’ behavioural intention to adopt and use mobile applications for business. Facilitating conditions and behavioural intention were found to positively influence the use behaviour of the micro-entrepreneurs when it comes to adoption and use of mobile applications for business. Moreover, the findings confirmed that experience and satisfaction in using one mobile application does not influence the behavioural intention of the micro-entrepreneurs to use other mobile applications for business. The factors which have been found to bear influence on the adoption and use of mobile applications amongst micro-entrepreneurs in South Africa have implications for both policy and practice. In particular, the findings of this study may be used to inform the design of the various programmatic interventions which seek to improve outcomes of the micro-entrepreneur sector. This includes interventions by the Department of Small Business Development and that of the Small Enterprise Development Agency (SEDA).

Magister Commercii (Information Management) - MCom(IM) / The micro-enterprise sector, although associated with mostly informal businesses, shows promise of potential and transitioning to more formal businesses. With this in mind, the South African government recognizes that prioritized sectorial development is needed to stimulate growth particularly in the micro-enterprise sector. Considering that evidence reveals growth and development in small business practices being closely related to the use of different forms of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), if and when strategically applied. Therefore recognizing the importance of ICTs the South African government has embarked on various technology related initiatives to facilitate needed growth and development. Despite this, entrepreneurs in the micro-enterprise sector demonstrate a low uptake of ICTs for their business operations, including the use of mobile technologies which are the most common form of ICTs available to micro- entrepreneurs. Many previous studies have investigated the adoption and use of mobile technologies in the micro- enterprise sector, but despite this a low uptake of mobile technologies still exists. For this reason, this study investigates and empirically determines the factors influencing the adoption and use of mobile applications for micro-enterprise operations in South Africa, using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model as a lens. The research population comprised a group of micro-entrepreneurs who all are users of a common mobile application (mentorship-movement application). The main aim of the investigation was to determine (i) the factors influencing the adoption and use of mobile applications for micro- enterprise operation, (ii) if the experience gained and their satisfaction associated with using the mentorship-movement application will influence their behavioural intention to use other mobile applications for business. The study was conducted objectively and used hypothesis testing as the means of investigation. Data was collected through the use of a survey questionnaire. The findings of the study indicate that performance expectancy and effort expectancy positively influences the micro-entrepreneurs behavioural intention to adopt and use mobile applications for micro-enterprise operations. The findings also observed that social influence has no impact on the micro-entrepreneurs’ behavioural intention to adopt and use mobile applications for business. Facilitating conditions and behavioural intention were found to positively influence the use behaviour of the micro-entrepreneurs when it comes to adoption and use of mobile applications for business. Moreover, the findings confirmed that experience and satisfaction in using one mobile application does not influence the behavioural intention of the micro-entrepreneurs to use other mobile applications for business. The factors which have been found to bear influence on the adoption and use of mobile applications amongst micro-entrepreneurs in South Africa have implications for both policy and practice. In particular, the findings of this study may be used to inform the design of the various programmatic interventions which seek to improve outcomes of the micro-entrepreneur sector. This includes interventions by the Department of Small Business Development and that of the Small Enterprise Development Agency (SEDA).

L’idéal de société inclusive se fonde sur des principes de justice et de cohésion sociale. Il se traduit par une volonté d’inclure les personnes en danger de pauvreté et d’exclusion, de réduire les inégalités sociales et de favoriser la participation à la vie de la société. Confrontées à des inégalités sociales, des politiques spécifiques sont mises en œuvre en faveur des personnes présentant un handicap. Elles se traduisent par un principe d’accessibilité généralisée à l’emploi, l’éducation, le bâti, les transports, les loisirs, la culture, les technologies numériques, etc. Dans notre société où les usages des technologies numériques apparaissent comme le remède à tous les problèmes sociaux (Proulx, 1990), quels bénéfices peuvent tirer les personnes présentant un handicap des usages de ces technologies ? Pour répondre à cette question, je suis allée enquêter des personnes accueillies dans des établissements médico-sociaux en région Bretagne. J’ai accompagné leurs usages des technologies numériques et dans une approche ethno méthodologique (Lapassade, 2000) et écologique de l’activité (Denis, 2009), j’ai analysé ces usages comme un construit social (Jouët, 2000). Dans cette recherche nous verrons en quoi l’appropriation des technologies numériques par les personnes présentant une déficience intellectuelle ou des troubles psychiques transforme les représentations négatives qu’elles ont d’elles-mêmes et fait émerger un pouvoir d’agir avec les technologies numériques qui participent à leur émancipation. / The ideal of inclusive society is based on principles of justice and social cohesion. It translates into a desire to include people at risk of poverty and exclusion, to reduce social inequalities and to encourage participation in the life of society. Faced with social inequalities, specific policies are implemented for people with disabilities. They translate into a principle of widespread accessibility to employment, education, built, transport, leisure, culture, digital technologies, etc. In our society where the uses of digital technologies appear to be the cure for all social problems (Proulx, 1990), what benefits can people with disabilities derive from the uses of these technologies? To answer this question, I went to investigate people welcomed in medico-social institutions in Brittany. I accompanied their use of digital technologies and in an ethno-methodological approach (Lapassade, 2000) and ecological of activity (Denis, 2009), I analyzed these uses as a social construct (Jouët, 2000). In this research we will see how the appropriation of digital technologies by people with intellectual disabilities or mental disorders transforms the negative representations they have of themselves and brings out a power to act with digital technologies that participate in their emancipation.

Bien que l’inclusion scolaire soit essentielle pour leur devenir socio-professionnel, les enfants et adolescents avec TSA rencontrent encore des difficultés à accéder à une scolarisation en milieu ordinaire. La diffusion progressive des technologies dans la société a encouragé le développement d’interventions numériques dédiées au TSA. Néanmoins, les précédentes revues de la littérature indiquent que ces dernières ciblent principalement les aspects cliniques du TSA (avec une sur-représentation des approches remédiationnelles), mais rarement directement les compétences scolaires ou encore les relations parents-professeurs. De là, l’objectif général de la thèse est de concevoir et évaluer des outils numériques favorisant l’inclusion scolaire de collégiens avec TSA, avec 4 principales contributions :1) Extraction de l’existant (étude 1) : Une revue systématique a été menée pour apprécier l'efficacité et l’utilisabilité des technologies numériques actuelles à visée clinique et éducative. Cette étude confirme la prépondérance des aspects cliniques dans cette nouvelle littérature interventionnelle. L’examen de la méthodologie et des résultats des études montre l’importance d’évaluer rigoureusement l’efficacité de ces nouveaux outils, notamment au regard de leur visée première (clinique et/ou ergonomique).2) Conception et évaluation d’une application d’assistance à la régulation émotionnelle pour l’inclusion en classe ordinaire (étude 2) : Une analyse des besoins des élèves avec TSA a été réalisée par une mise en relation entre des mesures de comportements socio-adaptatifs scolaires et de fonctionnement sociocognitif et exécutif. Cette analyse a souligné l’aspect critique des capacités sociocognitives pour le fonctionnement socio-adaptatif des élèves avec TSA, en faisant une cible privilégiée d’intervention (étude 2a). De là, une application mobile d’assistance à la régulation émotionnelle en classe a été conçue à l’aide d’une méthode participative, impliquant familles et professionnels. L’application a été évaluée auprès de 33 élèves en inclusion en classe ordinaire, dont 14 avec TSA (étude 2b). Cette étude montre que 1) le système a été utilisé en classe ordinaire de façon autonome et avec succès, et 2) qu’il s’est montré efficace pour soutenir l’autorégulation des émotions chez des collégiens avec TSA.3) Évaluation d’une application d’entraînement à visée scolaire (étude 3) : Une application d’entraînement au calcul par des activités d’échanges monétaires embarquant un algorithme de machine-learning pour la personnalisation de l’apprentissage a fait l’objet d’une étude de faisabilité auprès de collégiens avec TSA et/ou DI (N= 24). Des résultats prometteurs ont été obtenus après une intervention de trois semaines. Cette étude pilote montre qu’une intervention à visée scolaire peut être pertinente pour enseigner des compétences de numératie à des élèves de classe spécialisée, avec une amélioration des capacités de calcul et un bon niveau de motivation après l’intervention.4) Conception d’un outil numérique pour les aidants (étude 4) : Sur la base d’une analyse des besoins auprès d’un panel de parents, d’enseignants et de cliniciens (N= 86 sur 124 sollicités), nous avons conçu un outil web de suivi de l’élève visant à promouvoir la collaboration et la communication entre le milieu familial, le milieu scolaire et le milieu médico-social. Un premier prototype a été élaboré après avoir présenté des maquettes à des familles et des professionnels, ouvrant comme perspective à notre travail, une étude d'évaluation de l’utilité et de l’efficacité.L’ensemble des études menées est discuté et mis en perspective avec de nouvelles pistes d’investigation et, notamment en lien avec la prise en compte des théories de l’autodétermination dans les méthodes de conception et de validation des interventions numériques pour les enfants avec TSA. / Although inclusive education is essential for their socio-professional future, children and adolescents with ASD still face difficulties in accessing mainstream schooling. The progressive diffusion of technologies in society has encouraged the development of digital interventions for ASD. Nevertheless, previous literature reviews indicate that they focus mainly on the clinical aspects of ASD (with an over-representation of remediation approaches), but rarely directly on academic skills or parent-teacher relationships. Hence, the general objective of the thesis is to design and evaluate digital tools that promote the school inclusion of students with ASD, with four main contributions:1) Extraction of state-of-the-art (study 1): A systematic review was conducted to assess the effectiveness and usability of current digital technologies for clinical and educational purposes. This study confirms the prevalence of clinical aspects in this new interventional literature. The review of the methodology and results of the studies shows the importance of rigorously evaluating the effectiveness of these new tools, particularly with regard to their primary purpose (clinical and/or ergonomic).2) Design and evaluation of an application for emotional regulation assistance for inclusion in the regular classroom (study 2): An analysis of students' needs with ASD was carried out by studying relationships between socio-adaptive school-related behaviour with measures of sociocognitive and executive functioning. This analysis highlighted the critical role of sociocognitive skills for the socio-adaptive functioning of students with ASD, making it a preferred target for intervention (study 2a). From there, a mobile application to assist emotional regulation in the classroom was designed using participatory methods, involving families and professionals. The application was evaluated with 23 students in mainstream classrooms, including 14 with ASD (study 2b). This study revealed that 1) the system has been used successfully and independently in the regular classroom, and 2) it has been shown to be effective in supporting emotional self-regulation in middle school students with ASD.3) Evaluation of an educative application (study 3): A feasibility study has been conducted with an application for calculation through monetary exchange activities using a machine-learning algorithm for personalized learning. Promising results were obtained with middle school students with ASD and/or DI (N= 24) after a three-week intervention. This pilot study shows that a technology-based educational intervention can be relevant for teaching numeracy skills to students in specialized classes, which results in improved calculation skills and a high level of motivation after the intervention.4) Development of a digital tool for caregivers (study 4): Based on a needs analysis with a panel of parents, teachers and clinicians (N=86 out of 124 contacted), we developed a web-based student curriculum monitoring tool to promote collaboration and communication between the family, school and medical-social environments. A first prototype was developed after presenting models to families and professionals, opening up a perspective for our work with a study to evaluate its utility and its effectiveness.All the studies conducted are discussed and put into perspective with new avenues of investigation and, in particular, in relation to the consideration of theories of self-determination in methods for designing and validating digital interventions for children with ASD.