Depuis environ un demi-siècle nous assistons à une intégration du concept du territoire dans l’étude de la problématique du développement économique dans les pays du Sud comme dans les pays du Nord. La nouvelle approche considère le territoire comme un acteur du développement et non uniquement un support de l’activité économique. Elle se base sur le constat que le développement ne peut pas se réaliser qu’au plus près des acteurs territoriaux qui valorisent les ressources (génériques et spécifiques) disponibles sur le territoire par une dynamique technico-économique de production assurant sa compétitivité et une dynamique socio-institutionnelle de régulation garantissant son maintien et sa durabilité. Cette thèse se veut une contribution à la compréhension et à l’enrichissement de cette nouvelle approche du développement.A partir d’une réflexion approfondie sur le cas de la Bekaa (un territoire périphérique – dans le sens géographique et économique – du Liban), nous tentons de démontrer, que dans le contexte d’une structure économique génératrice de déséquilibres sectoriels et spatiaux et de disparités sociales, la notion de développement territorial et les concepts qui lui sont associés (système économique territorial, organisation territoriale, régulation locale, rendement collectif…) constituent un cadre d’analyse approprié et peuvent être un outil efficace d’une politique de développement au niveau régional ou local. Notre analyse s’efforce à montrer qu’au sein d’un cluster agricole à la Bekaa se développe un système économique territorial structuré autour de la filière vitivinicole engendrant une dynamique socioéconomique territoriale susceptible d’améliorer les conditions de vie de la communauté locale. Bien qu’elle soit ancrée dans le territoire de la Bekaa, l’activité vitivinicole est loin de se développer en autarcie. Elle cherche en permanence à s’inscrire dans une économie mondialisée grâce à l’ouverture internationale des acteurs locaux. Dans le contexte actuel de la globalisation, cette ouverture sur l’extérieur, tout en offrant d’importantes opportunités, est simultanément source de défis sur le plan concurrentiel. Le SET vitivinicole de la Bekaa fait face également à d’autres défis relevant de facteurs endogènes tels que les interactions entre les acteurs. C’est pourquoi il est incontournable de mettre en place une gouvernance territoriale susceptible de réguler les rapports inter-acteurs et d’élaborer des stratégies collectives de promotion territoriale. / For about half a century we have witnessed an integration of the concept of territory in the analysis of economic development in less developed countries as well as in developed ones. The new approach considers the territory as an actor of development and not merely as a spatial frame for the economic activity. It is based on the observation that development must be carried out as close as possible to the local actors who value the resources (generic and specific) available on the territory by a technical-economic dynamic of production ensuring its competitiveness and a socio-institutional dynamic of regulation guaranteeing its sustainability. This thesis aims to contribute to the understanding and improvement of this new approach of development.With a deep consideration of the Bekaa (a peripheral territory - in the geographical and economic sense - of Lebanon), we try to demonstrate that in the context of an economic structure generating sectoral and spatial imbalances and social disparities, the notion of territorial development and the concepts associated with it (territorial economic system, territorial organization, local regulation, collective efficiency ...) constitute an appropriate framework of analysis and can be an effective tool for a development policy on the local level. Our analysis attempts to show that within the Bekaa agricultural cluster develops a territorial economic system structured around the wine industry, generating a territorial socio-economic dynamic capable of improving the living conditions of the local community. Although it is anchored in the territory of the Bekaa, wine activity is far from developing in autarchy. It constantly seeks to be part of a globalized economy thanks to the international openness of local players. In the current context of globalization, this openness to the outside world, while offering important opportunities, simultaneously presents challenges on a competitive level. The Bekaa territorial economic system also faces other challenges arising from endogenous factors such as interactions between actors. Therefore, it is essential to set up territorial governance that can regulate inter-actors’ relations and develop collective strategies for territorial promotion.

O peso crescente do agronegócio na economia brasileira e as discussões em torno do modelo de desenvolvimento ideal para as áreas de expansão da fronteira agrícola têm sido um dos focos de debate relevantes para o futuro do País. Em um mundo ditado por um sistema econômico cada vez mais complexo, que exige respostas rápidas e adequadas à sua lógica, torna-se um imperativo distribuir a produção com eficiência, otimizando custos e valorizando os lugares circunscritos pela atuação das grandes empresas. A expansão dessas zonas, a partir da década de 1950, proporcionou uma complexidade territorial susceptível à análise geográfica, configurando um subsistema de circulação que estreita o vínculo de fluxos de partes das regiões Centro-Oeste e Norte ao restante do País. A proposta deste trabalho, então, parte da hipótese de que uma rede estruturadora de fluxos materiais, composta pelo entrelaçamento de vetores hidroviários e rodoviários em pontos nodais estratégicos, está se configurando para atender aos anseios da inserção e do crescimento de relevantes circuitos produtivos (principalmente soja, madeira, recursos minerais e pecuária bovina) nessas áreas, tidas até recentemente como desprovidas de movimento. À luz da teoria do espaço geográfico, procuramos direcionar o foco de nosso objeto de estudo para a fluidez territorial nessas \"porções\" do território nacional e analisamos a constituição das redes técnicas mediante uma periodização condizente com as transformações do meio geográfico. Por trás da instalação do meio técnico-científicoinformacional no período atual, desenha-se um quadro composto por elementos relacionados ao binômio psicosfera - tecnosfera que tenta justificar os eventos portadores de racionalidades exógenas ao lugar. Além de tentarmos demonstrar e explicar a configuração da rede supracitada (\"quadrilátero\" Manaus - Belém - DF/Goiânia - Porto Velho), como preocupação analítica paralela pretendemos refletir sobre a emergência de uma coesão territorial que possa fortalecer o ainda tênue perfil do mercado nacional. Assim, cabe perguntarmos de que maneira o avanço da fronteira agrícola está se desenvolvendo e a quem realmente beneficiará. / The emerging importance of agribusiness in the Brazilian economy and the discussions of the ideal development model for the expansion areas in the agricultural frontier has been one of the main topics of debate for the future of the country. In a world ruled by an economic system each time more complex which demands fast and adequate answers to its logic, it is imperative the efficient distribution of the production, optimizing costs and valuing the places circumscribed by the performance of the big companies. The expansion of these areas, which began in the 50\'s, has provided a territorial complexity susceptible to geographic analysis, configuring a circulation subsystem that narrows the bond of flows in parts of the Middle-West and North regions to the rest of the country. The proposal of this work starts from the hypothesis that a settling net of the material flows, composed by the interlacement of roads and river roads vectors in strategical points, is being set up to attend the insertion willings and the growth of productive circuits (mainly soy, wood, mineral resources and bovine cattle) in these areas, yet known as unprovided of movement. Based on the geographic space theory, we set the focus of our study object on the territorial fluidity in these \"portions\" of the national territory and analyze the constitution of the technical nets which faces a frequent schedule related with the transformations in the geographic environment. Behind this technician-scientific-informacional installation in the current period, a picture composed by elements related to the psycosphere - technosphere duality is drawn, wich try to justify the outside rationality events to the place. Besides trying to demonstrate and explain the configuration of the so mentioned net (\"quadrilateral\" Manaus - Belém - DF/Goiânia - Porto Velho), as a parallel analytical concern we intend to make a reflection on the emergence of a possible territorial cohesion that still fortifies the tenuous profile of the national market. Thus, it is suitable to ask how the advance of the agricultural frontier is being developed and who will it really benefit.

Orientador: Wagner Luiz Lourenzani / Coorientador: Marcellus Marques Caldas / Coorientador: Eduardo Guilherme Satolo / Banca: Mário Otávio Batalha / Banca: Mario Mollo Neto / Resumo: Este trabalho parte da seguinte questão de pesquisa: quais fatores estruturais estão causando a redução do ritmo de produtividade da cana-de-açúcar nas regiões de novas expansões agrícolas canavieiras, especificamente nos estados de Mato Grosso do Sul e de Goiás? Parte-se da hipótese de que há fatores estruturais que limitam a evolução do desempenho agrícola da cana-de-açúcar nessa região. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre a tendência de queda na produtividade e os fatores estruturais ligados às tecnologias agrícolas empregadas, de modo a compreender os motivos que levam a essa redução. Inicialmente foi elaborada uma Pesquisa Bibliográfica Sistemática (RBS), de forma a traçar um cenário da produção científica na área da produtividade da cana-de-açúcar. Em etapa seguinte, foi realizada uma análise da evolução da expansão da produção da cana-de-açúcar na região estudada, por meio da utilização de análise descritiva dos dados secundários e análise da variação da produção pelos efeitos área e produtividade utilizando o método Shift-Share. Por fim, foi realizada uma análise estatística de regressão logística múltipla para verificar a existência de correlação entre a produtividade do cultivo de cana-de-açúcar e variáveis de características produtiva e tecnológica. Foram utilizados os dados obtidos por meio de uma survey aplicada a 148 produtores rurais, de 30 municípios localizados nos estados locus desta análise. Os resultados obtidos revelar... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This dissertation has the following research question: what structural factors are causing a reduction in the sugarcane productivity rate in regions of recent sugarcane agricultural expansion, specifically in the states of Mato Grosso do Sul and Goiás? The hypothesis of this research is that there are structural factors limiting the development of the agricultural performance of sugarcane in these regions. In this context, this research aimed at analyzing the relationship between the downward trend in productivity and structural factors, in order to understand the reasons that have lead to this reduction. Initially, a systematic bibliographical research was developed in order to draw a scenario of scientific studies on sugarcane productivity. Then, an analysis of the technological evolution of sugarcane production was held in the mentioned regions, by using the Shift-Share Method. Finally, a multivariate statistical analysis was applied in order to verify the existence of correlation between sugarcane productivity and productive and technological characteristics. The used data was obtained through a Survey applied to 148 farmers from 30 municipalities. The results revealed that the factors that limit the advancement of sugarcane agricultural productivity in the surveyed areas are structural, as level of mechanization and use of varieties adapted to the studied regions. Such results support some analysis and proposals for improving productivity performance. It is considered th... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

The thesis "Processing of territorial study for the locality Týn nad Vltavou" is divided into two parts. In the theoretical part, spatial planning and concepts related to spatial planning are defined. Authorities and spatial planning tool. Spatial planning policy and relevant land use planning authorities. The practical part describes the chosen location, climatic conditions and natural and cultural conditions and the history of the city. It defined built-up area and developable area. In conclusion, the thesis of territorial study for the redesigned site in Týn nad Vltavou.

PITOMBEIRA, Sheila Cavalcante; FREIRE, George Satander Sá. A bacia hidrográfica como estratégia de planejamento territorial para o desenvolvimento sustentável do semiárido: a Bacia do Rio Jaguaribe, Ceará - Brasil. 218 f. : Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Fortaleza-CE, 2015. / Submitted by Eric Santiago (erichhcl@gmail.com) on 2016-05-13T13:43:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_tese_scpitombeira.pdf: 3900192 bytes, checksum: 9c1debc294faef033e12629564f4e1a8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-05-16T12:27:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_tese_scpitombeira.pdf: 3900192 bytes, checksum: 9c1debc294faef033e12629564f4e1a8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-16T12:27:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_tese_scpitombeira.pdf: 3900192 bytes, checksum: 9c1debc294faef033e12629564f4e1a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / This research highlights the advisability of adopting the Basin as a parameter for territorial planning in the semiarid region, in face of the vicissitudes of climate and regional interest to promote environmental development. It demonstrates the importance of the state since its emergence in modernity and highlights the institutionalization of power since then, contributing to the improvement of the institutional environment throughout its territory. The core idea developed is that the state is endowed with power, being responsible for disciplining of subjects of interest to the community, amongst them water or water resources, it is required to pay attention to regional differences existing in its territory, in particular the semiarid, and to promote government actions benefiting everyone equally without distinction. The methodology used was through a literature review of the legal framework devoted to the structure of water and / or water resources and watersheds, comparing that information with historical records around the approach to public policies carried out during periods of drought and with socioeconomic criteria guiding public policy or government policies in these geographic areas. The informations of the territories citizenship of Ceará, as to notice the various conceptual dimensions of these geographic areas, watershed territory and citizenship. Finally, the analysis of how the dimensions of the territory of citizenship can (inter) relate to the watershed territorial unit , giving them affinities, similarities and differences aiming to a comparative study of their equivalences in promoting sustainable development, according to indexes from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. From this comparison chart, it is possible to show that the basin should be the unit for implementation of territorial planning in the semiarid. / O trabalho põe em evidência a conveniência de adotar a Bacia Hidrográfica como parâmetro de planejamento territorial na região semiárida, ante as vicissitudes climáticas e o interesse regional de promover o desenvolvimento socioambiental. Demonstra a importância do Estado desde seu surgimento na modernidade e realça a institucionalização do Poder a partir de então, contribuindo para o aperfeiçoamento desse ambiente institucional em todo o seu território. A ideia central desenvolvida é que sendo o Estado dotado de Poder, competindo-lhe o disciplinamento dos assuntos de interesse da coletividade, dentre eles a água ou recursos hídricos, compete-lhe atentar para as diferenças regionais existentes em seu território, em particular o semiárido, promovendo ações governamentais que beneficiem a todos indistintamente. A metodologia utilizada se deu por meio de levantamento bibliográfico sobre o Estado e o ambiente institucional brasileiro, bem como do arcabouço jurídico devotado ao regime das águas ou recursos hídricos e bacias hidrográficas, confrontando essas informações com os registros históricos em torno da abordagem das políticas públicas realizadas nos períodos de estiagens e com os critérios socioeconômicos orientadores dessas políticas ou das políticas de governo nesses espaços geográficos. Tais registros demonstram que, no Ceará, cujo território é abrangido pelo semiárido em quase totalidade, onde a água possui significativo valor econômico e social, como se observa com o Rio Jaguaribe, e seu percurso permite verificar algumas dimensões conceituais desses espaços geográficos, dentre eles a territorialidade, a bacia hidrográfica é ignorada como parâmetro territorial para seu desenvolvimento socioambiental. De sorte que, sendo o Estado do Ceará localizado no semiárido e sazonalmente exposto às estiagens, a bacia hidrográfica deveria ser a unidade territorial preponderante para implementação do planejamento territorial, conciliando o desiderato legal de ser a unidade territorial para a política de recursos hídricos e inter-relacionando com outras unidades administrativa.

The Master Thesis deals with the evaluation of the development of territorial plans documentation in the cadastral territory of the town Trebon. The main objective is the evaluation and comparison of the spatial arrangement of the individual functional areas in the territorial plans from the years 1959, 1976, 1993 and 2012; and the contribution of the plans to the development, accouterment, and protection of the examined territory. Another part of the thesis is an own proposal of changes to the current territorial plan. The theoretical part deals with the basic concepts, the history of the legal regulation of spatial planning in the Czech Republic, forms, subjects and processes in spatial planning, the geography of the city and suburbanization. The methodological part describes the database with the issue of its acquisition; the methodical procedure of unifying the legends of the individual spatial plans; and the characteristics of the examined territory. In the analytical part, there is evaluated the historical development of the building composition in Trebon, the conclusions regarding the representation of the individual functional areas in the spatial plans and the comparison of their development. An important component of the thesis is the map outputs presenting the spatial arrangement of functional areas in the territory of Trebon in the analyzed territorial plans.

O peso crescente do agronegócio na economia brasileira e as discussões em torno do modelo de desenvolvimento ideal para as áreas de expansão da fronteira agrícola têm sido um dos focos de debate relevantes para o futuro do País. Em um mundo ditado por um sistema econômico cada vez mais complexo, que exige respostas rápidas e adequadas à sua lógica, torna-se um imperativo distribuir a produção com eficiência, otimizando custos e valorizando os lugares circunscritos pela atuação das grandes empresas. A expansão dessas zonas, a partir da década de 1950, proporcionou uma complexidade territorial susceptível à análise geográfica, configurando um subsistema de circulação que estreita o vínculo de fluxos de partes das regiões Centro-Oeste e Norte ao restante do País. A proposta deste trabalho, então, parte da hipótese de que uma rede estruturadora de fluxos materiais, composta pelo entrelaçamento de vetores hidroviários e rodoviários em pontos nodais estratégicos, está se configurando para atender aos anseios da inserção e do crescimento de relevantes circuitos produtivos (principalmente soja, madeira, recursos minerais e pecuária bovina) nessas áreas, tidas até recentemente como desprovidas de movimento. À luz da teoria do espaço geográfico, procuramos direcionar o foco de nosso objeto de estudo para a fluidez territorial nessas \"porções\" do território nacional e analisamos a constituição das redes técnicas mediante uma periodização condizente com as transformações do meio geográfico. Por trás da instalação do meio técnico-científicoinformacional no período atual, desenha-se um quadro composto por elementos relacionados ao binômio psicosfera - tecnosfera que tenta justificar os eventos portadores de racionalidades exógenas ao lugar. Além de tentarmos demonstrar e explicar a configuração da rede supracitada (\"quadrilátero\" Manaus - Belém - DF/Goiânia - Porto Velho), como preocupação analítica paralela pretendemos refletir sobre a emergência de uma coesão territorial que possa fortalecer o ainda tênue perfil do mercado nacional. Assim, cabe perguntarmos de que maneira o avanço da fronteira agrícola está se desenvolvendo e a quem realmente beneficiará. / The emerging importance of agribusiness in the Brazilian economy and the discussions of the ideal development model for the expansion areas in the agricultural frontier has been one of the main topics of debate for the future of the country. In a world ruled by an economic system each time more complex which demands fast and adequate answers to its logic, it is imperative the efficient distribution of the production, optimizing costs and valuing the places circumscribed by the performance of the big companies. The expansion of these areas, which began in the 50\'s, has provided a territorial complexity susceptible to geographic analysis, configuring a circulation subsystem that narrows the bond of flows in parts of the Middle-West and North regions to the rest of the country. The proposal of this work starts from the hypothesis that a settling net of the material flows, composed by the interlacement of roads and river roads vectors in strategical points, is being set up to attend the insertion willings and the growth of productive circuits (mainly soy, wood, mineral resources and bovine cattle) in these areas, yet known as unprovided of movement. Based on the geographic space theory, we set the focus of our study object on the territorial fluidity in these \"portions\" of the national territory and analyze the constitution of the technical nets which faces a frequent schedule related with the transformations in the geographic environment. Behind this technician-scientific-informacional installation in the current period, a picture composed by elements related to the psycosphere - technosphere duality is drawn, wich try to justify the outside rationality events to the place. Besides trying to demonstrate and explain the configuration of the so mentioned net (\"quadrilateral\" Manaus - Belém - DF/Goiânia - Porto Velho), as a parallel analytical concern we intend to make a reflection on the emergence of a possible territorial cohesion that still fortifies the tenuous profile of the national market. Thus, it is suitable to ask how the advance of the agricultural frontier is being developed and who will it really benefit.

Territorial Asylum The aim of this thesis is to analyse the topic of territorial asylum as an ancient and withstanding institute of international law. The main research questions are as follows: What constitutes territorial asylum? Can it be considered a basic human right from the viewpoint of each individual? Does this right include asylum or only the opportunity to seek it? Does the state of origin have a right to respond in some way to the granting of asylum? Can it be considered an unfriendly act? This thesis is divided into six main chapters, each of which attempts to view this institute from a different perspective and answer the given questions. The first chapter separates asylum and refugee status, institutes that are often mistaken, and defines the fundamental differences between them. It also describes the historical development of asylum and the differentiation between religious, territorial, political and diplomatic asylum. The following chapter focuses on the definition of territorial asylum and how it is described by various law dictionaries. From these definitions, society's view on territorial asylum is conveyed. The third chapter examines the three parts of territorial asylum, which theoretically come into consideration under this institute. The three parts include: the right of the state...

La thèse a comme objectif fournir des informations pour une évaluation critique du processus de décentralisation au Brésil, se basant sur l'analyse du système de planification du développement régional dans l'État de Santa Catarina entre 2003 et 2010, période de laquelle a vu création des Secrétariats et des Conseils de Développement Régional. Pour mettre en place ce processus innovant de gestion décentralisée, le gouvernement a modifié la structure politique et administrative de l'Etat, grâce au vote d'une loi complémentaire. Contextuellement, en 2003, le gouvernement a créé les Secrétariats de Développement Régional (SDRs) conjointement avec les Conseils de Développement Régional (CDRs). L'État de Santa Catarina a été divisé en 29 régions, dotée chacune d'un SDR et d'un CDR. Leur nombre a été étendu à 30 en 2005 et 36 en 2007. Selon le gouvernement, ce découpage devait permettre de modifier le système de planification du développement en vigueur, grâce à la décentralisation administrative que cette réforme provoquait. Dans le cadre de ce processus de décentralisation, l´État a ainsi mené trois expériences de planification du développement, les deux premières en 2004 et la troisième en 2006, quand a été mis en pratique le « Plan Catarinense de Développement », établi pendant la réforme administrative de 2005. Du point de vue du développement territorial, la thèse a révélé un certain nombre d'obstacles à la mise en œuvre d'un changement efficace dans la genèse, à Santa Catarina, d'un modèle innovant de développement (terme utilisé ici principalement pour exprimer des niveaux élevés de développement humain). L'état de l'art sur lequel se base la thèse suit une approche pluridisciplinaire, entre la sociologie politique la géographie appliquées au territoire. Par la suite, a été effectué une analyse descriptive du système de planification du développement à Santa Catarina, dans le but de comprendre la perspective dans laquelle ce dernier a été structuré, en mettant en avant les mécanismes de décentralisation et de développement territorial à l'œuvre à Santa Catarina. Les résultats obtenus par la thèse ont renforcé l'hypothèse selon laquelle la dynamique de la décentralisation administrative dans le but officiel de la promotion d'un « développement territorial durable » selon les critères de gouvernance territoriale a finalement été surtout au service d'une culture politique conservatrice, clientéliste et inspirée par l'idéologie libérale, allant à l'encontre des idées centrales du pacte fédératif garanti par la Constitution fédérale du Brésil de 1998. Du point de vue du développement territorial, l'analyse n'a pas trouvé les preuves de changements importants dans le réaménagement du développement de Santa Catarina, du fait de la faiblesse de l'application d'un modèle de développement favorisant la gouvernance territoriale. Toutefois, il convient de prendre en considération les aspects innovants du processus mis en œuvre à Santa Catarina dans la période étudiée, en termes de systèmes de planification du développement territorial. On ne peut nier également le potentiel de ce processus, dont l'examen ouvre sur une analyse plus approfondie de la société civile, moins imprégnée par les arrangements politiques partisanes et ayant intériorisé une vision plus large de l'environnement. / The thesis has the objective to provide information for the critical evaluation of the decentralization process in Brazil, based on the systemic analysis of regional development planning in the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina between 2003 and 2010, a period during which the Secretariats and Regional Development Councils were created. To implement this innovative process of decentralized management, the government changed the political and administrative structure of the state, by passing a complementary law. Contextually, in 2003, the government created the Secretariats of Regional Development (SRDs) in conjunction with the Regional Development Councils (RDCs). The state of Santa Catarina was then divided into 29 regions, each with both its SRD and its RDC. Their number was expanded to 30 in 2005 and 36 in 2007. According to the Government, this division was meant to change the system of development planning in place, through the administrative decentralization that the reform authorized. As part of this decentralization process, the State has conducted three experiments in development planning, the first two in 2004 and the third in 2006, when the "Plan Catarinense Development" was enacted (after having being designed during the administrative reform of 2005). From the perspective of territorial development, the thesis has revealed a number of obstacles to the implementation of effective change in the genesis, in Santa Catarina, of an innovative model of development (the term is used here mainly to express high levels of human development). The state of the art on which the dissertation is based follows a multidisciplinary approach, both in political sociology and geography, always with a territorial focus. Subsequently, a descriptive analysis of the planning system development in Santa Catarina was performed, in order to understand the perspective from which it was structured, highlighting the mechanisms of decentralization and territorial development an work in this Brazilian state. The results of the dissertation have strengthened the hypothesis that the dynamics of administrative decentralization at work at far from its official purpose which was the promotion of "sustainable territorial development" according to criteria of territorial governance. It appears that the reform was finally put at the service of a conservative, clientelistic political culture, inspired by liberal ideology, going against the central ideas of the federative pact guaranteed by the Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1998. From the perspective of territorial development, the analysis found no evidence of significant changes in the structure of the development of Santa Catarina, due to weak implementation of a development model favouring territorial governance. However, it should consider the innovative aspects of the process implemented in Santa Catarina in the studied period, in terms of systems of territorial development planning. However, one cannot deny the potentials of this process: a deeper analysis of civil society revels that it is less steeped into partisan political arrangements and has internalized a broader view of the environment. / A tese tem o objetivo de fornecer subsídios para uma avaliação crítica do processo de descentralização no Brasil, com base na análise do sistema de planejamento do desenvolvimento regional no Estado de Santa Catarina entre 2003 e 2010, período em que houve a criação das Secretarias e dos Conselhos de Desenvolvimento Regional. Para implementar esse processo inovador de gestão descentralizada, o governo modificou a estrutura político-administrativa do Estado, por meio de Lei Complementar. Contextualmente, em 2003, foram criadas as Secretarias de Desenvolvimento Regional (SDRs) em conjunto com os Conselhos de Desenvolvimento Regional (CDRs). O Estado de Santa Catarina foi dividido em 29 regiões, cada uma com sua SDR e um CDR. Em 2005, o número de SDRs foi ampliado para 30 e, em 2007, para 36 Secretarias. Segundo o governo, em tese, esse recorte territorial romperia com o sistema de planejamento do desenvolvimento em vigor, por meio de uma proposta de descentralização político-administrativa. Como parte deste processo de descentralização, o Estado realizou três experimentos em planejamento do desenvolvimento: as duas primeiras em 2004 e terceira em 2006, quando foi posto em prática o “Plano Catarinense de Desenvolvimento”, estabelecido durante o reforma administrativa de 2005. Do ponto de vista do desenvolvimento territorial, a tese revelou uma série de obstáculos para a concretização de uma efetiva mudança na gênese do modelo catarinense de desenvolvimento (termo usado para expressar os altos níveis de desenvolvimento humano em Santa Catarina). O estado da arte em que a tese se baseia segue uma abordagem interdisciplinar entre a geografia e a sociologia política, com o foco de análise voltado às dinâmicas territoriais. Posteriormente, foi realizada uma análise descritiva do sistema de planejamento do desenvolvimento em Santa Catarina, a fim de compreender a perspectiva na qual foi estruturada e colocada em prática os mecanismos do processo de descentralização e territorialização do desenvolvimento em Santa Catarina. Os resultados encontrados reforçam a hipótese segundo a qual a dinâmica de descentralização administrativa visando, supostamente, a promoção de um “desenvolvimento territorial sustentável”, levando em conta os critérios de governança territorial, vem atendendo, fundamentalmente, aos interesses de uma cultura política conservadora, elitista e clientelista, indo na contra-mão das idéias centrais do pacto federativo garantido pela Constituição Federal Brasileira de 1998. Do ponto de vista do desenvolvimento territorial, a análise não encontrou evidências de mudanças significativas na reconversão do modelo de desenvolvimento catarinense, devido à frágil implementação de um processo de governança territorial. No entanto, deve-se considerar os aspectos inovadores do processo ocorrido em Santa Catarina, no período estudado, em termos de implementação de um sistema de planejamento do desenvolvimento territorial.Também não há como negar o potencial deste processo, que se abre para uma análise mais profunda sobre o papel da sociedade civil no planejamento dos territórios, menos permeada por arranjos políticos partidários e mais internalizada por uma visão mais ampla da dimensão socioambiental.

Depuis les années 1970, le développement territorial est mis en exergue en aménagement et en sciences économiques dans une perspective qui est celle de la création d’activités et d’emplois liés. La valorisation des ressources territoriales devient dès lors cruciale. Toutefois, la littérature n’interroge pas l’identité des acteurs alors que ceux-ci constituent la ressource territoriale centrale. La thèse qui est défendue est que ce ne sont pas les mêmes types d’acteurs qui sont mobilisés par les proximités dans les différentes étapes du développement territorial. Plusieurs hypothèses sont émises au sujet des modes de mobilisation des acteurs, de leur nature et de leurs interdépendances. Le raisonnement est structuré en trois parties. La première est consacrée à l’étude du Système Productif Local (SPL) Mecanic Vallée. L’objectif est de comprendre comment le développement local a été structuré dans cet espace physique, social et productif. Une deuxième partie est consacrée à l’étude, dans la littérature, du mode de mobilisation et de coordination des acteurs ; particulièrement dans le cadre territorial (proximités, gouvernance, développement territorial). Plusieurs faits stylisés sont construits pour faire le lien entre systèmes d’acteurs, proximités et étapes du développement. Ces faits sont appliqués au SPL Mecanic Vallée afin de produire une relecture de sa dynamique de développement. Ces faits portent sur deux projets productifs particuliers : les relations d’affaires et le financement des activités. Une troisième partie est consacrée aux résultats de la recherche. Ces résultats confirment une très forte interdépendance des acteurs ainsi que la particularité des modes de mobilisation dans la construction de la dynamique territoriale. / Since the 1970s, territorial development has been highlighted in planning and economic sciences from the perspective of the creation of related activities and jobs. The development of territorial resources therefore becomes crucial. However, the literature does not question the identity of the actors even though they constitute a central territorial resource. The thesis argues that the proximity in the different stages of territorial development does not mobilize the same types of actors.Several hypotheses are put forward about the modes of mobilization of actors, their nature and their interdependencies. The reasoning is structured in three parts. The first is devoted to the study of the Mecanic Valley Local Production System (SPL). The objective is to understand how local development has been structured in this physical, social and productive space. A second part is devoted to the study, in the literature, of the way actors are mobilized and coordinated; particularly in the territorial framework (proximity, governance, territorial development). Several stylized facts are constructed to make the link between systems of actors, proximity and stages of development. These facts are applied to the SPL Mecanic Vallée in order to produce a re-reading of its development dynamics. These facts relate to two specific productive projects: business relations and activity financing. A third part is devoted to research results. These results confirm a very strong interdependence of the actors as well as the particularity of the modes of mobilization in the construction of territorial dynamics.