在探討委員會制度的理論之中，「形式理論」（formal theory）、「新制度論」（new institutionalism）與「資訊理論」（information theory）等三個理論為學者所廣泛討論。有別於「新制度論」中多以「理性選擇制度主義」（rational choice institutionalism）為主的論述，本文以「歷史制度主義」（historical institutionalism）為導引、新制度應用架構為基礎，建立以「人員組成方式」、「選舉制度」與「輔助立法機構」做為全國人民代表大會專門委員會的三項制約因素。各專門委員會的職權主要可以分為「審議權」、「提案權」、「調查研究權」等三個部分，而研究發現，全國人民代表大會專門委員會確實受到「委員會組成」、「選舉制度」與「輔助立法機構」等三項因素所制約。就制度功能而言，全國人民代表大會專門委員會在發展上的確面臨到三大挑戰：「委員會組成層級偏低」、「間接選舉制度降低選舉效率，導致選區難以與委員會做連結」、「委員會與其他立法輔助機構功能重疊」。

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [263]-274).

Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 94-105).

Text in German / The present work deals with the historical and theological foundations of radical evangelicalism and places it within the context of theologies which influenced it and are similar to it. Radical evangelicalism integrates insights from various theological roots into a evangelical basal concept. Radical theology succeeded, through its contextual outworking, in overcoming the narrow focus of European evangelical theology and yet it remains genuinely evangelical. It is in the position of breaking through the sterility of academic theology and the dualistic worldview which is peculiar to wide parts of the evangelical movement by a world view that is turned towards the world. Thus it is proving itself to be a highly relevant theology for the needs of a divided world. The work develops in three steps. First of all the historical development of radical evangelicalism will be traced, from its beginning at the Congress for world evangelism in Lausanne in 1974 to the present day. Thus it will become clear that in the 30 years since Lausanne radical theology has entered the mainstream of evangelicalism. There follows in a detailed section a setting out of the theology of radical evangelicalism by means of several chosen themes. It will deal with radical hermeneutics, eschatology, salvation, the meaning of mission and evangelism and the relationship between Gospel and culture. Finally the social action of radical evangelicalism will be set out and it will be demonstrated that its energetic theology is at its basic level in fact a driving sprituality. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / D.Th. (Missiology)

Le Congrès Eucharistique International est l’un des événements de masse les plus significatifs du catholicisme contemporain. À mi-chemin entre la modernité et la tradition, il s’agit d’un phénomène de mobilisation des fidèles comparable à des événements de masse laïcs, tels que l´Exposition Universelle, les congrès scientifiques et politiques, et même les Jeux Olympiques. Notre travail fait une étude comparative de deux des trois Congrès Internationaux qui ont eu lieu en Espagne (Madrid 1911 et Barcelone 1952). Ces assemblées catholiques sont un vaste et riche champ pour la recherche du point de vue des études transdisciplinaires, et en particulier de la perspective de l’histoire culturelle, car chaque célébration implique une convergence particulière d’intérêts multiples (religieux, politiques, économiques, spatiaux, symboliques, etc.). Tandis que pour la première partie de la thèse nous avons fait une contextualisation historique approfondie de chaque congrès (locale, nationale et internationale), pour la deuxième partie, nous avons opté pour une perspective comparative et diachronique autour de deux thématiques essentielles pour l´étude des faits religieux contemporains : catholicisme espagnol et modernité (chapitre 5), et catholicisme espagnol et espace urbain (chapitre 6). La perspective spatiale de notre sixième chapitre est très importante, car, dans le cadre espagnol, il n’existe à ce jour que très peu d’études approfondies sur la religion comme un facteur de transformation de la ville, et inversement, de la ville comme un élément de modernisation du catholicisme contemporain. / The International Eucharistic Congress is one of the most striking mega events organized by the Catholic Church in late modernity. Its hybrid nature (both traditional and modern, secular and spiritual), the fact that it has been celebrated since the end of the XIXth century in all five continents, and the imposing multitudes it gathers, make it an extraordinary object of study for the field of Religion and History. Despite its being mainly conservative in nature, its celebration has also allowed for restricted, but fundamental, religious innovation, gradually allowing the Church to creatively face the challenges of an increasingly less observant modern society. Spain has celebrated the IEC on three occasions: Madrid 1911, Barcelona 1952 and Seville 1993. Our work wishes to establish a rich comparison between the first two. We will first situate the 1911 and 1952 celebrations in their local, national and international historical contexts. Then, in the second part of our work, we will study both celebrations from a diachronic and thematic perspective, namely, the relation of Spanish Catholicism both to Modernity (to the emergence of mass culture and society) and to Urban Space. Taking a postsecular point of view, we will emphasize the fact that the place, role, meaning, and identity of religion in Spain have changed in tandem with modernity’s social, economic, political and cultural transformations. Ultimately, inspired by both by S. Juliá´s revision of the historical metanarrative that considered Spain as Modernity´s failure/“anomaly”, and by F. Montero´s call to develop a Cultural History of Spanish Catholicism, our study wishes to critically reevaluate the role that History has traditionally ascribed to Catholicism in Contemporary Spain.

This research focuses on the controversy surrounding the exhibition and media publication of Brett Murray’s painting, The Spear of the Nation (May 2012). It takes the form of a qualitative Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), underpinned by Fairclough’s (1995) three-dimensional approach, to investigate how the contesting discourses articulated by the ruling political party (the ANC) and the news media have been negotiated in the City Press coverage in response to the painting. While the contestation was fought ostensibly on constitutional grounds, it arguably serves as an illustrative moment of the deeply ideological debate occurring in South Africa between the government and the national media industry regarding media diversity, transformation and democracy. It points to the lines of fracture in the broader political and social space. Informed by Foucault’s conceptualisation of discourse and the role of power in the production of knowledge and ‘truth’, this study aims to expose the discourses articulated and contested in order to make inferences about the various ‘truths’ the ANC and the media make of the democratic role of the press in a contemporary South Africa. The sample consists of five reports intended to represent the media’s responses and four articles that prominently articulate the ANC’s responses. The analysis, which draws on strategies from within critical linguists and media studies, is confined to these nine purposively sampled from the City Press online newspaper texts published between 13 May 2012 and 13 June 2012. Findings suggest the ANC legitimise expectations for the media to engage in a collaborative role in order to serve the ‘national interest’. Conversely, the media advocate for a monitorial press to justify serving the ‘public interest’. This research is envisioned to be valuable for both sets of stakeholders in developing richer understandings relevant to issues of any regulation to be debated. It forms part of a larger project on Media Policy and Democracy which seeks to contribute to media diversity and transformation, and to develop the quality of democracy in South Africa.

The ongoing urgency of addressing AIDS in South Africa has kept academics and activists focussed primarily on the immediate crises of AIDS ‘in the present’. This thesis, covering the period 1980 – 1995, examines narratives about, and responses to, AIDS ‘in the past’ and explores the interplay between these narratives and elites in medical and political communities trying to address AIDS during a period of political transition. The thesis begins by examining the hegemonic medico-scientific narratives about AIDS that featured in the South African Medical Journal, an important site of enquiry as AIDS was primarily conceived of as a ‘medical issue’. The SAMJ narratives, which often relied on constructed ‘AIDS avatars’, framed understandings of the syndrome and influenced responses to it by medical and political communities. The first community that the thesis explores is the African National Congress (ANC) in exile, which had to address AIDS in exile communities and prepare health strategies for ‘the new South Africa’. Secondly, the thesis analyses government responses to AIDS and argues that four phases of response can be identified. These phases were characterised by minimum concerns about obtaining information and providing health advice; efforts to gather infection data while exploiting political and public fear; attempts to extend health education and (belatedly) encourage broader engagement; and finally, consultative, democratic ideals. The thesis then examines the National Medical and Dental Association (NAMDA) a progressive medical organisation that worked with the ANC on influential health (and AIDS) strategies. NAMDA members ‘crossed over’ between various medical and political communities and both reinforced and challenged hegemonic AIDS narratives. Finally, the thesis moves from the abstract, via the practical, to the personal and concludes with a detailed account of the experiences of two sexuality activists at the intersections of these communities and narratives. By focussing on these medical and political communities, and analysing the relationships between these communities, the existing AIDS narratives, and individuals, the thesis also reveals the constructions of morality, ‘race’, gender, and sexuality that infused them. In doing this it shows how polemic and politics combined to influence practical responses to, and personal experiences of, AIDS.

Diploma work "Entrepreneurship and innovation in congress tourism" is dedicated to analysis of today´s and future economic state of a tennis centre. The tennis centre is part of a capital business company owned by an Austrian having a majority share. Theoretical part defines the term of innovation, characterises tourism and describes its demands, offer and marketing. Practical part analyses concrete economic data of accounting statements by means of horizontal and vertical analyses. Based upon results of this analysis it suggests solution to improving economic prosperity. Investments into enlargement of a hotel part with creating new product packages in the sphere of congress tourism show a solution to this issue.

Submitted by Carolina Ferreira (carolinacutrupi@gmail.com) on 2011-12-07T13:14:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FERREIRA,Carolina.Legislar pela exclusão social.pdf: 2655358 bytes, checksum: 44c93fa7a23a789bed923974507de5df (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Gisele Isaura Hannickel (gisele.hannickel@fgv.br) on 2011-12-07T13:25:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FERREIRA,Carolina.Legislar pela exclusão social.pdf: 2655358 bytes, checksum: 44c93fa7a23a789bed923974507de5df (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-12-07T15:22:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FERREIRA,Carolina.Legislar pela exclusão social.pdf: 2655358 bytes, checksum: 44c93fa7a23a789bed923974507de5df (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-07 / The main objective of this dissertation is to understand the Legislative activities and your interaction among Judiciary and Executive in terms of enforcement of criminal sanction. The considered assumption is that the process of creation of laws about sanction management in Brazil is recurrent the selection of prisons sentences, and the management way created by LEP (Law of Penal Execution) is subject of few proposals of legislative reform. This study includes an empirical research of legislative proposals presented to National Congress between 1984 and 2011 related to the enforcement of criminal sanction. The second chapter of the dissertation contains a quantitative analysis of these proposals, through the systematization of general data (type of proposition, length of the procedure for approval, federal state of origin and author) to identify, when possible, the increase or decrease trend of social exclusion through the use of more or less frequence of imprisonment. The qualitative analysis focus on the concepts of management of criminal sanction and individualization of punishment. The third chapter introduces the concept of management of criminal sanction, review of legislative historical creation of legal degree to accomplishment of sanction until the creation of LEP in 1984, and reinforces a qualitative study of task divisions about accomplishment of sanction from an empirical material. The fourth chapter introduces the idea of individualization of sanction, as approached in a judicial activity, which interacts in a dynamic and constant way with legislative and administrative activities, especially while the accomplishment of prison sentencing. From this concept, new legislative proposals present a new arrangement of distribution of tasks among the three powers regarding enforcement of criminal sanction. The conclusion of this dissertation is that the creation process of criminal laws in Brazil recognizes the use of freedom private sanction, considering the extension of minimum prison quorum or the extinction of subjective rights, in a situation that the judge has no many possibilities to actuate in case. / A presente dissertação tem por objetivo compreender a atividade legislativa e a articulação entre os Poderes Legislativo, Judiciário e Executivo no momento de cumprimento da pena pelo condenado. Parte-se da hipótese de que no processo de criação de leis sobre gestão da sanção no Brasil é recorrente a seleção de penas prisionais e que a atividade de determinação da quantidade e da qualidade da pena no caso concreto é objeto de disputa entre legislador, juiz e administrador penitenciário. Para investigar esta hipótese, a pesquisa comporta um levantamento empírico de proposições legislativas apresentadas no Congresso Nacional entre 1984 e 2011 relacionadas ao cumprimento da sanção criminal. O segundo capítulo da dissertação contém uma análise quantitativa destas proposições, por meio da sistematização dos dados gerais (tipo de proposição, tramitação, estado de origem e autor) e identifica, quando possível, as medidas tendentes a ampliar ou reduzir a exclusão social por meio do uso mais ou menos frequente da pena de prisão. O terceiro capítulo introduz o conceito de gestão da sanção, revisa o histórico legislativo de criação de um diploma legal voltado ao cumprimento da pena até a criação da LEP (1984) e empreende um estudo qualitativo sobre a divisão de tarefas sobre cumprimento da pena a partir do material empírico. O quarto capítulo apresenta a ideia de individualização da pena, conceito abordado da perspectiva de uma atividade judicial que interage de forma dinâmica e constante com as atividades legislativas e administrativas, especialmente durante o cumprimento da pena de prisão. A partir deste conceito são retomadas proposições legislativas que, em alguma medida, abordam o arranjo ou o rearranjo da divisão de tarefas entre os três poderes. Ao final, conclui-se que o processo de elaboração de normas penais no Brasil valoriza o uso da pena de privativa de liberdade, por meio da ampliação das frações mínimas prisionais ou da vedação de direitos subjetivos, situação na qual o juiz tem pouco espaço para atuar no caso concreto.

This topic, "Some Mission Societies Since Lausanne 1974" is an examination of the impact of Lausanne 1974 on the Global Church through ParaChurch organizations. There is a Focus on DAWN as a Movement. The topic was chosen due to the fact that mission organization scholars from agencies such as the International Mission Board of the Southern Baptist Convention, Dawn Ministries, YWAM, and A.D. 2000 consider Lausanne 1974 to be a watershed event in evangelical missions. Lausanne 1974 renewed evangelical vision of missions and gave new direction to mission organizations. This dissertation explores those claims. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M. Th (Missiology) Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology