Ett område kan skapa en större tillväxtpotential för samhällets olika aktiviteter genom tillgängliga transportsystem. I arbetet med att tillgänglighetsanpassa transportsystemen är tågstationsområden en viktig faktor. En del i arbetet med att göra tågstationsområden tillgängliga för alla är att personer med nedsatt rörelseförmåga inte ska exkluderas. Att bedöma tillgänglighetsanpassningen för rörelsehindrade på ett tågstationsområde är viktigt för att alla ska kunna nyttja området på samma villkor. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur tillgängligheten i tågstationsområden är för rörelsehindrade. Detta genom att uppfylla målet att skapa en användbar bedömningsmodell på tillgänglighetsanpassningen för rörelsehindrade i denna typ av område. Studien genomfördes i samarbete med Älvkarleby kommun för att skapa ett underlag till hur deras tågstationsområden kan bli mer tillgänglighetsanpassade. Därför är studien avgränsad till Marma, Älvkarleby och Skutskär. För att uppnå målet och svara på forskningsfrågorna har en inventering utförts på de tre tågstationsområdena. Detta har sedan följts upp av en avståndsanalys samt en friktionsanalys. Avståndsanalysen och friktionsanalysen användes i bedömningen av tågstationsområdena samt att friktionsanalysen bidrog med förståelsen över vilka vägalternativ som finns på platserna. Slutligen skapades en bedömningsmodell innehållande olika typer av faktorer på ett tågstationsområde. Modellen bygger på tidigare utförda metoder i studien. Studien visar att den utformade rampen inte alltid är den optimala vägen för att ta sig mellan perrongerna på ett tågstationsområde på grund av avstånd och lutning. Resultatet från bedömningsmodellen visar att tillgängligheten på de tre tågstationsområdena skiljer sig från varandra. Därtill visas vilket som är det mest tillgänglighetsanpassade tågstationsområdet för rörelsehindrade. / An area that is accessible to society’s various activities creates a greater potential for growth. Global goals of accessibility have been designed to achieve a sustainable city, so that public places and sustainable transport systems are accessible to everyone. Train station areas are an important factor in the process of adapting accessibility to transport systems. Part of the work of making train station areas accessible to everyone is that people with reduced mobility should not be excluded. To estimate the accessibility adaptation for people with reduced mobility in a train station area is important for everyone to be able to use the area on the same terms. The purpose of the study is to investigate how accessibility in train station areas is for people with reduced mobility. This is achieved by fulfill the goal of creating a useful estimation model on the accessibility adaptation for people with reduced mobility in this type of area. The study is performed in collaboration with the Municipality of Älvkarleby, Sweden, to create a basis for how their train station areas can become more accessible. Therefore, the study is delimited to Marma, Älvkarleby and Skutskär. In order to achieve the goal and answer the research questions, an inventory was performed on the three train station areas. This has been followed up by a distance analysis as well as a friction analysis. The distance analysis and the friction analysis were used in the estimation of the train station areas and that the friction analysis also contributed to the understanding of the road options available at the locations. In the end, an estimation model was created containing different types of factors in a train station area. The model is based on previously performed methods in the study. The study shows that the designed ramp is not always the optimal route for moving between the platforms in a train station area due to distance and slope. The results from the estimation model shows that accessibility in the three train station areas is separating from each other. In addition, the most accessible train station area for people with reduced mobility is shown.

The object of this project is to dissect the filmic elements in Train to Busan (2016) to analyze how the film represents the Sewol Ferry incident, a national disaster occurred in South Korea, and how the audience is able to engage with the trauma. As the first zombie blockbuster created in South Korea, Train to Busan adapted the elements of the zombie genre that has been delineated repeatedly. The film inherited the traits of zombies, representation of government and media, and feature of human characters from the genre created in Hollywood. Additionally, national characteristics had been added through reflecting the Sewol Ferry incident. Based on the ideas of genre studies, not only the components that construct the zombie genre, but also how the spectators confront the trauma while viewing the movie can be examined. Cinematography, narrative, character settings resemble the tragic event, which consequently trigger the audience to engage with the national trauma. Thus, while adapting the genre constructed in the Hollywood, Train to Busan reveals how Korean adaptation of the zombie media has been made.

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Abstract The Swedish railway has during many years received low customer satisfaction scores. Reasons for this are reliability, service and information concerns. The focus of this master thesis lies on the railway platform. The platform is an important part to the factors above as its information and facilities, which constitute a part of the service before the trip, could contribute in causing delays and reliability issues. This study investigates the behaviour of passengers on railway platforms and the effect that information, seats and entrances along the platform has on that behaviour. The goal is to find advantages and disadvantages and propose improvements in a Swedish setting. Platforms and trains that have been studied are in Stockholm, Sweden and Tokyo, Japan. Platform distributions and individual behaviour on the platforms are recorded with three different and relatively easy methods. Results of the Swedish study show aggregate trends where passengers tend to cluster around entrances and seats. Many Swedish passengers do not believe themselves to have enough information to know where their car will stop. These passengers do mostly not know that information exist and on average stand much further away from their closest door, when the train arrives, compared to passengers that believe themselves to know where their car will stop along the platform. The results of the Japanese study show that almost all passengers stand close to their door. From the findings in not only this, but also other studies, four aggregate properties in order to get better railway platforms are finally presented. These properties are reliability, clarity and availability of information and good location of seats and other facilities. Suggestions for tangible improvements for the Swedish railway platforms are finally given. Among these improvements are new information screens and standardized information and stopping position of trains.

High-speed corridor is the future of travellibg. Many Eauropian states have begun with building it a few years ago and it works well. The Czech Republic still does not have this form of transport, but due to the location it will be necessary to build high quality railways even here for the future connection across Europe. This thesis deals with the construction of high-speed train stop (the HST) nearby the airport Brno Turany. The service follows the previous semestral work - Brno main railway station. The HST station building is drafted as a bridge over the rail and the platforms, it works not only as a check-in and waiting area but also like a pedestrian crossing over the corridor. The solid responds to the airport nearby and used bridge construction to smartly takes roof up. Public parts are at ground level, technical background and maintenance are located along the platforms below the ground level.

The purpose of the urban design is to solve the traffic problems of the area and design new parts of the Main Railway Station, with a program of accompanying functions connected with the use of the water element of the Morava River. The proposal involves join the train and bus stations to one separate building located at the historic train station. Nearby is the proposed modular marketplace, train museum and café.

Hållbara transporter är en viktig faktor för att minska koldioxidutsläppen och bidra till en mer hållbar framtid. Den svenska järnvägen är en viktig del av infrastrukturen och transporterar dagligen hundratusentals människor och stora mängder varor. Transportsektorn förbrukar nu cirka en tredjedel av den totala energin i världen. Därför är det allt viktigare för alla transportslag, inklusive järnvägstransporter, att förbättra sin energieffektivitet och minska sina CO2-utsläpp. För att bidra till en hållbar utveckling av järnvägstransporter krävs smartare och mer innovativa lösningar än vad som finns tillgängligt idag. Denna rapport är kopplad till ett studentprojekt på KTH som syftar till att i framtiden ställa upp i tävlingen Delsbo Electric. Tävlingen går ut på att konstruera ett spårgående batteridrivet fordon med så låg energiförbrukning som möjligt. Syftet med tävlingen är bland annat att stimulera innovation inom området transportlösningar. Hjulprofilen hos ett spårfordon har stor inverkan på dess körbeteende och påverkar hjulslitage, stabilitet och kontaktspänningar. I detta arbete studeras hjulprofilen hos tåg genom en förstudie av nuvarande forskning följt av ett antal datasimuleringar i programmet Simpack. Data från simuleringarna jämförs mellan de olika hjulprofilerna och med standarder för tågindustrin. Fordonets säkerhet och komfort påverkas av hjulprofilen och dess konicitet. I rapporten jämförs olika grad konicitets inverkan på dessa genom industristandarder. Resultatet presenteras i grafer och tabeller med data från simuleringarna. Sju grader konicitet gav bäst resultat i simuleringarna för både säkerhet och komfort. / Sustainable transportation is an important factor in reducing carbon dioxide emissions and contributing to a more sustainable future. The Swedish railway is an important part of the infrastructure and transports hundreds of thousands of people and large quantities of goods every day. The transport sector today consumes about a third of the total energy in the world. Therefore, it is increasingly important for all modes of transport, including rail transport, to improve their energy efficiency and reduce their CO2 emissions. To contribute to the sustainable development of rail transport, smarter and more innovative solutions are required than what is available today. This report is connected to a student project at KTH which aims to enter the Delsbo Electric competition in the future. The purpose of the competition is to construct a track-going battery-powered vehicle with as low energy consumption as possible. The purpose of the competition is, among other things, to stimulate innovation in the field of transport solutions. The wheel profile of a tracked vehicle has a major impact on its driving behavior and affects wheel wear, stability and contact stresses. In this work, the wheel profile of trains is studied through a preliminary study of current research followed by several computer simulations in the program Simpack. The data from the simulations are compared between the different wheel profiles and with standards for the train industry. The safety and comfort of the vehicle is affected by the wheel profile and its conicity. The report compares the impact of different degrees of conicity on these through industry standards. The result is presented through graphs and tables with the data from the simulations. Seven degrees of conicity gave the best results in the simulations for both safety and comfort.

The objective of this thesis is to enhance the TC1500 LAB converter, which is anelectrical train converter to be waterproof up to a height of 650 [mm] from raillevel, addressing a pressing need in railway systems. The critical components ofthe converter have been identified for consideration. Using Freddy Olsson'smethod and the concept screening method, various designs were generated, withone alternative design chosen for each critical part identified. The result of thisproject includes innovative designs that fulfill both the company's requirementsand the functional needs identified during the project. Each design's resilienceunder various loads and environmental conditions was assessed using simulationsconducted in SimSolid, all of which successfully met the defined requirements.An actual experiment was done to validate the simulation model used in SimSolid.This work not only advances our understanding of converter design andwaterproofing, but also provides practical solutions for enhancing the durability ofrailway systems. The insights from this thesis serve as valuable resources forfuture research and the improvement of similar components in other railwaysystems.

While passenger rail service has significantly grown in some parts of the United States, as evidenced by the new Brightline / Virgin Rail USA service in Florida and the expansion of passenger rail service in the State of Virginia, there has been significant resistance to the growth of passenger rail service in Texas, as evidenced by the demise of the Lone Star Rail District (LSRD) in 2016. Why the resistance? This exploratory research provides insights that address that question by identifying the contributing factors that led to the LSRD’s failure. A political economy framework incorporated a stakeholders’ perspective in an analysis of LSRD’s termination. An archival document study was used to identify key stakeholders and to then inform the design of, and the questions used in, an interview study of those key stakeholders. This research identified eight factors that contributed to the demise of the LSRD; 1) prior rail / transit failures in Texas; 2) structure of the Texas legislation; 3) inadequate political support; 4) organizational paralysis; 5) resistance from the Texas Department of Transportation; 6) flawed strategy; 7) disruptive technology; and 8) the Bexar County (Texas) Judge and the president of the Union Pacific Railroad. Although hundreds of individuals were involved during the LSRD’s nineteen-year history, in the end, three key decision makers and one key staff person were attributed with ending the organization’s existence. By identifying and analyzing the constellation of forces that were at play in the Lone Star Rail District, lessons were learned that could be applied (or avoided) across an array of similar rail initiatives, not only in Texas, but throughout the United States. A clear and identifiable political champion; adequate funding; competent project management; a clear project design and budget; a cooperating Class-1 freight railroad partner; adequate property ownership or right-of-way access; and an economically competitive alternative to automated highway vehicle technology; should all be considered necessary elements for the success of future passenger rail expansion projects. / Business Administration/Interdisciplinary

Particulate matter (PM) is a widespread air pollutant of microscopic particles that are suspended in the atmosphere. There is high concentration of PM in underground train stations and tunnels. The concentration of particulate matter (PM10) measured in Stockholm’s metro varies significantly between day and nighttime traffic of trains. Emission factors are a representative value of a pollutant released into the atmosphere. These factors can be expressed as the weight of pollutant divided by a unit distance, volume, or weight. In this document it is expressed as the amount of energy used to produce a unit weight. Such factor expresses estimation of emissions from train wheel-rail contact and brake. Simulation of particulate matter using IDA tunnel was conducted to evaluate and predict particulate matter (PM10) concentration levels. Previous measured data of PM10 from Mariatorget’s platform (performed by SLB analysis) was used for the validation of the simulation model. These data were collected during winter and summer periods. It was then used as fundamental reference to simulate and calibrate emission factors. Important parameters of the tunnel, platform and trains that were used in traffic were imported. There are ventilation shafts on each end of the platform. These ventilation shafts are open fully during summer and closed during winter periods. Thus, two case scenarios, winter and summer were investigated. The results obtained were later evaluated and analysed. Sensitivity analysis was made to test the effect of ventilation shaft’s openings on emission factors. The results from winter case study showed that emission factors are 0.57 g/kWh from wheel-rail contact and 0.031 g/kWh from brakes. Emission factors from wheel-rail contact give 70% of the measured PM10 concentration whereas brakes give 30% of PM10 concentrations. Results obtained from summer case study showed that emission factors are 0.61 g/kWh and 0.05 g/kWh from wheel-rail contact as well as from brakes, respectively. / Partiklar är en utbredd luftföroreningar av mikroskopiska partiklar som finns i luften. Det finns höga halter av PM (particulate matter) i underjordiska tågstationer och tunnlar. Partikelhalten (PM10) som är uppmätt i Stockholms tunnelbana varierar betydligt mellan dag- och natttågtrafik. Emissionsfaktorn är ett representativt värde för mängden partiklar som släpps ut i atmosfären. Dessa faktorer kan uttryckas som massan av partikel per enhetsavstånd, volym eller vikt. I detta dokument uttrycks detta som den mängd energi som går åt för att producera enhetsviktspartiklar. Faktorn uttrycker en uppskattning av partikelemissioner från hjul-rälskontakt och broms. Simulering har genomfördes i IDA tunnel för att utvärdera och förutsäga partikelhalten på tågplattformar. Tidigare uppmätta data under vinter och sommar från Mariatorgets plattform (utförd av SLB-analys) användes för validering av simuleringsmodellen. Detta användes sedan som grundläggande referens för att simulera och kalibrera emissionsfaktorer. Viktiga parametrar för tunneln, plattformen och tågen som användes i trafiken är inhämtade och evaluerade. Ventilationsschakt finns i varje ände av plattformen. Dessa ventilationsschakt är öppna under sommaren och stängda under vinterperioden. Således undersöktes två scenarier, vinter- och sommarfall. De erhållna resultaten utvärderades och analyserades senare. Känslighetsanalys gjordes för att testa effekten på emissionsfaktorerna av ventilationsschaktens öppningsgrad. Resultaten från vinterfallstudien visade att emissionsfaktorerna är 0,57 g/kWh från hjul-rälkontaktoch 0,03 g/kWh från bromsarna. Emissionsfaktorn från hjul-rälkontakten ger 70 % av den uppmätta PM10 koncentrationen, medan bromsarna ger 30 %. Resultaten från sommarfallstudien visade att emissionsfaktorerna är 0,61 g/kWh och 0,05 g/kWh från hjul-rälkontakten och bromsarna, respektive.