<p>Much language planning and policy in recent years in South Africa tends to overlook linguistic situations and practices, and focuses on notions of top-down language policy and implementation. This does not fit easily with the current multilingualism dynamics of late post-modern societies, which are increasingly characterized by a culture of consumerism and politics of aspiration. Taking its point of departure from a critical analysis of linguistic practices, in the form of visual literacies (billboards) in a township in South Africa, this thesis aims to draw forth alternative approaches that focus on the notion of sociolinguistic consumption, politics of aspiration and stylization of self, as a means of addressing the linguistic situation, and highlighting implications for language planning and multilingualism.</p>

This thesis investigates in which ways Samuel R. Delany’s novel Hogg challenge the discourse of normality as stipulated, supported and maintained by the capitalist Oedipal repression of desire. Drawing from Deleuze and Guattari’s theory of the Anti-Oedipus, this thesis explores how Deleuze and Guattari’s notion of desire as a free and productive force can be seen as a disruptive element in a society that relies on repression of the subject for its stability. Furthermore, this thesis explores how the novel questions the understanding of civilisation being dependent on the individual’s submission to the Oedipus triangulation and in extension the Oedipal capitalist separation between the public and the private sphere. Ultimately, the main argument claims that Oedipal repression of desire only allows desire to invest in a restricted number of representations, making other identities than the heteronormative suspicious or invisible.  Hogg depicts a society where capitalism commodifies everything, and need the Oedipal subject to ensure its stability. The characters in the novel that do not subject themselves to the capitalist discourse escape the subjection to the Oedipal triangulation, and are thus free to invest their desire in any way they choose, primarily in non-heterosexual and salirophiliac activities. These characters can be seen as schizoid subjects that are constantly threatening to expose the fragility of the social structure by embodying a contrast to the hegemonic discourse and therefore constantly question its authority as main creator of reason and reality.

Magister Artium - MA / Much language planning and policy in recent years in South Africa tends to overlook linguistic situations and practices, and focuses on notions of top-down language policy and implementation. This does not fit easily with the current multilingualism dynamics of late post-modern societies, which are increasingly characterized by a culture of consumerism and politics of aspiration. Taking its point of departure from a critical analysis of linguistic practices, in the form of visual literacies (billboards) in a township in South Africa, this thesis aims to draw forth alternative approaches that focus on the notion of sociolinguistic consumption, politics of aspiration and stylization of self, as a means of addressing the linguistic situation, and highlighting implications for language planning and multilingualism. / South Africa

Magister Artium - MA / This study explores the linguistic landscape of Metrorail in the Western Cape, South Africa. The Western Cape is a diverse, multicultural society with a history of colonialism and imperialism. For this reason, the language/s on signage was explored to reveal differences/similarities between the various groups and cultures within society.This kind of investigation entailed consideration of the signage displayed on trains,stations and other railway infrastructure. Thus, data was collected over a three-month period during 2010 which coincided with the FIFA Soccer World Cup, hosted by South Africa. A combined quantitative and qualitative approach for the analysis of data was supplemented with a multimodal, multi-semiotic approach. In addition, interviews were conducted of a cross-section of commuters as a way to give meaning to the analysis of the quantitative and qualitative data. The analysis explored the extent to which multilingualism and multiculturalism are reflected in the linguistic landscape of Metrorail.The focus of the study was on the degree of visibility of the official and non-official languages on signage, as faced by Metrorail commuters. The findings of the study reveal that the interplay between power relations, prestige, symbolic value, identity and vitality in the linguistic landscape of Metrorail results in a somewhat limited display of multilingualism. The findings also reflect the changed language attitudes and perceptions, the maintenance of power relations, the expression of identity, and the desire to be perceived in a certain way, in a broader South African context. Furthermore,the data reveals that the actual linguistic reality does not accurately reflect the aims of the Western Cape language policy in terms of promoting multilingualism. Moreover, it reveals that English is the preferred language of wider communication and it is also the dominant language on the official and non-official signage in the public space. Although the indigenous African languages, along with Afrikaans, are generally neglected in the public space, these languages are widely spoken by Metrorail commuters. The linguistic landscape of Metrorail therefore does not accurately reflect the linguistic reality of the various speech communities in the Western Cape. The linguistic landscape of Metrorail serves to index the broader social developments of the transformed sociolinguistic South African identity.

No description available.

L’errance cet être phénomène qui s’émeut et parcours la diégèse d’une production littéraire transgressive. Cette révolution du langage textuel dont le but premier est de mettre à mort la tradition de la littérature. Ici encore le genre représentatif des lettres, le roman, est bousculé jusqu’à son dernier retranchement, tant la transformation est évidente et perceptible dans la pensée moderne, postmoderne et postcoloniale. L’hybridation se convoque si bien que, le lecteur est une fois de plus aliéné, médusé d’un maillage scriptural qui le pousse à la transcendance de l’analyse basique. L’auteur s’érige ainsi en tant que héraut qui tue l’ancien et subvertit le caché avec une totale liberté. Alors, genres littéraires, personnages, temporalité et espace se reconfigurent inlassablement par le motif de l’errance à l’intérieur du texte. Par conséquent, l’errance devient un actant singulier et central qui anime l’actualité de manière générale du monde de l’art et en particulier de la littérature. Cette thèse unie les voix de trois écrivains : Glissant, Coetzee et Murakami, ces derniers respectivement mettent en relief une identité recherchée, une anomie qui affecte le logos, le pathos et l’éthos et un personnage tant singulier qu’hybride. / The wandering this being phenomenon which is moved and travel (browse) the diégèse of a transgressive literary production. This revolution of the textual language, the first purpose of which is to put to death the tradition of literature. Here still the representative kind (genre) of letters, novel, is pushed aside (knocked down) up to its last cutting off, so much the transformation (processing) is obvious and perceptible in the modern, postmodern thought and postcolonial. The hybridization summons (convenes) so that, the reader is alienated, dumbfounded one more time by a scriptural meshing which pushes him (it) to the transcendence of the basic (basal) analysis. The author so sets up himself as herald who kills the former (old) and subverts the mask with a total freedom. Then, literary genres, characters, temporality and space re-configure indefatigably by the motive for the wandering becomes a singular and central agent which livens up (leads) the current events in a general way of the world of the art and in particular the literature. This united thesis the voice of three writers: Glissant, Coetzee and Murakami, the later respectively accentuate a sought identity, an anomie which affects (allocates) logos, the pathos and ethos and character so singular as hybrid.

Four modern shoals on the Louisiana continental shelf are proposed to have formed through transgression, marine reworking, and submergence of Mississippi River deltaic lobes. However, one of these shoals, the St. Bernard Shoals, is dissimilar to the other shoals in morphology and stratigraphy. Understanding the processes that lead to these differences resulted in the development of a wholly new model for subaqueous shoal evolution. The results of this study suggest that the St. Bernard Shoals are transgressive remnants of a near shelf-edge delta lobe that was transgressed and truncated by marine processes after fluvial abandonment. Subsequent to truncation, the shoals formed through subaqueous excavation and reworking of coarse grained sediment contained within underlying distributary channels by hurricane related marine currents. As a result the shoals are bound at their base by a ravinement surface and lie directly upon progradational facies associated with previously unrecognized southern progradation of the La Loutre distributary network.

No description available.

In 1998, the Manhattan Theatre Club’s staging of Terrence McNally’s play Corpus Christi ignited protest and virulent condemnation from various religious and politically conservative groups which eventually led to the cancellation of the play’s production. This led to a barrage of criticism from the national theatre, gay, and civil rights communities and free speech advocates, including the ACLU and PEN, which issued a press releases about the cancellation that decried censorship and acquiescence by the theatre to neo-conservative religiously political groups. As swiftly as the cancellation, the Manhattan Theatre Club reversed its decision and the show resumed its rehearsal schedule. Although the critical reception of the play was mostly negative, the political controversy surrounding its production testifies to the fact that a contemporary play in America dealing with both religious and gay themes is still economically risky, radical politically, and worthy of critical rhetorical analysis. This work aims to fill that gap by providing an in-depth investigation of the tangled rhetorical history of Corpus Christi. First providing an account of the controversy surrounding the 1998 production of Corpus Christi, this work then gives a historical and cultural analysis of McNally’s career and corpus of work leading up to the play’s contentious staging. Second, a full account of the play’s critical reception is given through a close analysis of the rhetorical responses to the work from the Christian Right and the more secular community that supported the play’s production. Third, the American Christian Right’s vitriolic rhetorical response to the play is indicted as homophobic hate speech. Fourth, how McNally’s play repudiates the rhetorical violence perpetrated by the Right against gays is revealed. Finally, the last two chapters examine how the rhetoric of the play speaks directly to its queer audience. Chapter five reveals the rhetorical and meta-theatrical conversion strategies employed by McNally in Corpus Christi to proselytize his expansive message of Christ to his gay audience. Ending the work, chapter six examines McNally’s rhetorical reclamation of the Christ figure from the Right as a means of sacralizing homosexuality as a religious identity and homosexual love and sex as a spiritual act.

Denna studie grundar sig i en förskolas variation angående deras utbud av barnlitteratur. Undersökningen utgår ifrån en kvalitativ samt kvantitativ metodansats, där den kvalitativa delen står för en djupare analys medan den kvantitativa delen står för statistik på ett antal bilderböcker. Det har gjorts en text- och bildanalys där ett normkritiskt perspektiv har intagits där fokus är genus och kulturell mångfald. Syftet är att kritiskt granska utbudet och dess variation i hur genus och kulturell mångfald representeras i förskolans bilderböcker, om det är stereotypiskt eller normöverskridande. För att få svar på detta har en analys gjorts utifrån Nikolajevas (2017) mall om vad som är typiskt kvinnligt respektive manligt inom karaktärsdrag, samt två av Salmsons (2021) mallar som beskriver etnisk tillhörighet samt religion och tro. En egen mall har tagits fram utifrån hur Josefsson (2005) samt Yoldas (2019) beskriver vad som är typiskt kvinnligt respektive manligt i dess utseende. Resultatet visar att stereotypa böcker finns kvar men inte i lika stor utsträckning, att utbudet av normkritiska böcker inom både genus och kulturell mångfald där karaktärerna är normöverskridande börjar bli alltmer vanligt. Det visas en skillnad mellan de äldre respektive de nyare böckerna; som innefattar ett mer normkritiskt perspektiv. Karaktärer deltar numera mer på lika villkor, oavsett könstillhörighet eller kulturellt ursprung. Forskningsfrågorna har blivit besvarade på ett positivt sätt, för att utbudet av normkritiska böcker är stort och att det finns variation när det gäller genus och kulturell mångfald. / This study examines the variety and diversity of children’s literature within preschools. It is based on a methodological approach, focusing on both the quality and quantity of an assortment of picture books. Deeper analysis was used for the qualitative aspect of the books, whilst a statistical approach was taken for the quantitative side. An analysis of both text and imagery was performed, which applied a norm-critical focus on portrayals of gender and culture. In order to gain insight, an analysis based on Nikolajeva's (2017) model of typical gender traits, as well as two of Salmson's (2021) models that describe ethnicity, religion and belief was performed. Furthermore, a model of our own was developed based on how Josefsson (2005) and Yoldas (2019) describe the typical physical appearance of females and males respectively. The result shows that although stereotypical books remain, such books are no longer as prevalent as in previous findings. In addition, it is becoming increasingly common to find diverse characters appearing in the range of norm-critical books including topics of gender and culture. There is a definite distinction between the past and the modern books, revealing that the latter includes a more norm-critical perspective. Characters are now shown to participate on more equal terms, regardless of gender or cultural origin. The research questions have been answered, producing the positive finding that range of norm-critical books is now vast, and that there is good variety depicting gender and cultural diversity.