Thesis (Ph.D. in Nursing) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2008. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 192-203). Free to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;

Introdução: O diabetes melito pós-transplante (DMPT) é uma complicação comum em transplantados renais e está associada a desfechos desfavoráveis. Tanto a adiponectina como a quimiocina ligante 5 (CCL5) têm relação com o metabolismo da glicose, o que permite supor que polimorfismos nesses genes possam levar ao desenvolvimento de DMPT. Objetivo: Verificar a associação dos polimorfismos do gene da adiponectina e da CCL5 com DMPT em transplantados renais caucasianos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo caso-controle aninhado a uma coorte de transplantados renais do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). Duzentos e setenta transplantados renais caucasianos (83 com DMPT e 187 sem DMPT), com pelo menos um ano de transplante, foram incluídos no estudo. Pacientes com diabetes melito pré-transplante e com múltiplos transplantes de órgãos foram excluídos. O diagnóstico de DMPT foi realizado através dos critérios da Associação Americana de Diabetes. Dados sócio-demográficos e clínicos foram coletados. A genotipagem dos polimorfismos 276G/T (rs1501299) do gene da adiponectina e dos polimorfismos rs2280789 e rs3817665 do gene da CCL5 foi realizada pela técnica de discriminação alélica por PCR (polymerase chain reaction) em tempo real. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do HCPA e todos os pacientes assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Resultados: O genótipo TT do polimorfismo 276G/T do gene da adiponectina foi mais frequente nos pacientes com DMPT do que naqueles sem diabetes, em comparação aos genótipos GG/GT (modelo recessivo; p=0,031). O genótipo TT foi identificado como fator de risco independente para o DMPT em transplantados renais caucasianos, no modelo ajustado para as variáveis: idade no momento do transplante, índice de massa corporal pré-transplante e uso de tacrolimus (TT vs. GG/GT, HR=1,88 IC95% 1,03-3,45, p=0,041). Não houve diferença na distribuição dos genótipos e alelos dos polimorfismos rs2280789 e rs3817655 do gene da CCL5 entre os pacientes com e sem DMPT. Conclusões: O polimorfismo 276G/T do gene da adiponectina está associado ao DMPT em transplantados renais caucasianos. / Background: New onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is an increasingly recognized complication of kidney transplantation that is associated with poor outcomes. Both adiponectin and chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) are related to glucose metabolism, allowing hypothesize that genetic variation in their genes can lead to development of NODAT. Objective: To investigate the association between adiponectin and CCL5 genes polymorphisms with NODAT in Caucasian kidney transplant recipients. Methods: This nested case-control study was undertaken within a cohort of kidney transplant recipients from Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil. Two hundred seventy Caucasian kidney transplant recipients (83 with NODAT and 187 without NODAT) with at least one year of transplantation were included in this study. Patients with pretransplant diabetes mellitus and multi-organ transplantation were excluded. NODAT diagnosis was determined by American Diabetes Association criteria. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Subjects were genotyped for 276G/T adiponectin gene polymorphism and rs2280789 and rs3817655 CCL5 gene polymorphisms by real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction). This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and all subjects received adequate information about this study and gave informed consent. Results: The TT genotype of 276G/T adiponectin gene polymorphism was significantly more frequent in NODAT than non-NODAT patients, compared to GG/GT genotypes (recessive model; p=0.031). TT genotype was identified as an independent risk factor for NODAT in Caucasian kidney transplant recipients, after adjusting for age at transplantation, pretransplant BMI and tacrolimus usage (TT vs. GG/GT, HR=1.88 95%CI 1.03-3.45, p=0.041). There were no differences in genotype and allele distributions of rs2280789 and rs3817655 CCL5 gene polymorphisms between NODAT and non-NODAT groups. Conclusions: The 276G/T adiponectin gene polymorphism is associated with NODAT in Caucasian kidney transplant recipients.

La mucoviscidose est à ce jour une maladie malheureusement incurable. Malgré les nombreux progrès réalisés dans la recherche à ce sujet, il reste indispensable d’avoir davantage une meilleure connaissance de la maladie afin de proposer des traitements encore plus adaptés aux patients. La majorité des traitements actuels visent principalement à réduire les symptômes de la maladie sans toutefois la guérir. A ce jour, la transplantation pulmonaire reste le moyen le plus adéquat pour améliorer la qualité de vie et prolonger la vie des patients dont l’état respiratoire s’est considérablement dégradé. Cependant les critères d’identification des patients éligibles à la transplantation pulmonaire sont assez variés. Il est donc nécessaire de fournir aux cliniciens des outils d’aide à la décision pour mieux identifier les patients nécessitant une transplantation pulmonaire. Pour ce faire, il est indispensable de connaitre d’une part, les facteurs pronostics de transplantation pulmonaire et d’autre part, de savoir convenablement pronostiquer la survenue de cet événement chez les sujets atteints de mucoviscidose. L’objectif de ce travail de thèse est de développer des outils pronostiques utiles à l’évaluation des choix thérapeutiques liés à la transplantation pulmonaire. Dans la première partie de ce travail, nous avons réévalué les facteurs pronostiques de la transplantation pulmonaire ou du décès chez les adultes atteints de mucoviscidose. Suite aux progrès thérapeutiques qui ont conduit à l’amélioration du pronostic au cours des dernières années, ce travail a permis d’identifier des facteurs pronostiques en adéquation avec l’état actuel de la recherche. Un deuxième travail a consisté à développer un modèle conjoint à classes latentes fournissant des prédictions dynamiques pour la transplantation pulmonaire ou le décès. Ce modèle a permis d’identifier trois profils d’évolution de la maladie et également d’actualiser le risque de survenue de la transplantation pulmonaire ou du décès à partir des données longitudinales du marqueur VEMS. Ces modèles pronostiques ont été développés à partir des données du registre français de la mucoviscidose et ont fourni de bonnes capacités prédictives en termes de discrimination et de calibration. / Cystic Fibrosis is unfortunately an incurable inherited disorder. Despite real progress in research, it is essential to always have a better understanding of the disease in order to provide suitable treatments to patients. Current treatments mostly aim to reduce the disease symptoms without curing it. Lung transplantation is proposed to cystic fibrosis patients with terminal respiratory failure with the aim of improving life expectancy and quality of life. However, criteria for referring patients for lung transplantation still vary widely among transplant centers. It is necessary to guide clinicians in identifying in a good way patients requiring an evaluation for lung transplantation. It is thus important to clearly identify prognostic factors related to lung transplantation and to predict in a good way the occurrence of this event in patients with cystic fibrosis. The aim of this work was to develop prognostic tools to assist clinicians in the evaluation of different therapeutic options related to lung transplantation. First, we reevaluated prognostic factors of lung transplantation or death in adult with cystic fibrosis. indeed, therapeutic progress in patients with cystic fibrosis has resulted in improved prognosis over the past decades. We identified prognostic factors related to the current state of research in the cystic fibrosis field. We further developed a joint model with latent classes which provided dynamic predictions for lung transplantation or death. This model identified three profile of the evolution of the disease and was able to update the risk of lung transplantation or death taking into account the evolution of the longitudinal marker FEV1 which describes the lung function. These prognostic models were developed using the French cystic fibrosis registry and provided good predictive accuracies in terms of discrimination and calibration.

Orientador: Osvaldo Magro Filho / Banca: Élio Hitoshi Shinohara / Banca: Idelmo Rangel Garcia Júnior / Banca: Fábio Yoshio Tanaka / Banca: André Caroli Rocha / Resumo: Proposição: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de três meios de armazenamento temporário no processo de reparo de enxertos ósseos retirados de calota craniana e fixados em mandíbula de coelhos. Material e Método: Foram removidos dois blocos ósseos de 9mm da calota craniana de 40 coelhos machos e colocados no ângulo mandibular direito e esquerdo. O enxerto ósseo foi fixado ao leito receptor imediatamente após a sua remoção (G1), fixado 2 horas após armazenamento em meio seco (G2), 2 horas imerso em solução fisiológica (G3) e 2 horas imerso em solução de Euro Collins® (G4), todos a temperatura ambiente. Os animais foram sacrificados aos 7, 15, 30 e 60 dias pós-operatórios. Uma medida macroscópica padronizada da espessura do enxerto posicionado no leito receptor foi aferida no transoperatório e após o sacrifício de cada grupo. Os cortes histológicos foram corados pela hematoxilina e eosina e pela técnica de imunoistoquímica, através da expressão das proteínas osteocalcina (OC) e fosfatase ácida tartarato-resistente (TRAP). Resultado: A espessura do enxerto e rebordo evidenciou um comportamento uniforme entre os grupos, quando comparados no mesmo período, não havendo diferença estatisticamente significativa. A análise histométrica do percentual de osso neoformado na interface entre o leito receptor e o enxerto demonstrou não haver diferença estatística entre os grupos, no período de 7 e 15 dias pós-operatórios, exceto o grupo G1 que mostrou-se estatisticamente superior em relação ao grupo G4 (p=0,0227) aos 15 dias. Houve uma maior imunomarcação para TRAP e OC verificada no grupo G1, porém sem diferença significante entre os grupos do mesmo período. Conclusão: A solução fisiológica e de Euro Collins® utilizadas como meio de armazenamento temporário, demonstraram influenciar de forma semelhante na biocompatibilidade... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of three temporary storage environments in the repair process of bone grafts removed from the calvaria and fixed in rabbits' mandible. Materials and Methods: Two bone blocks with 9 mm were removed from the calvaria of 40 male rabbits and placed on their right and left mandible angles. Bone graft was placed at the receptor site immediately after its removal (G1), placed 2 hours after storage in dry environment (G2), 2 hours immersed in physiological solution (G3) and 2 hours immersed in Euro Collins® solution (G4), all of them at room temperature. The animals were euthanized at 7, 15, 30 and 60 post-operative days. A standard macroscopic measurement of the graft thickness positioned at the receptor site was done at the trans-operative period and after the euthanasia of each group. Histological sections were stained by hematoxylin and eosin and by immunohistochemical technique, through the expression of the proteins osteocalcin (OC) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Results: Ridge and graft thicknesses evidenced an uniform behavior among the groups, when the same periods were compared, and there was no statistically significant difference. Histometric analysis of the newly formed bone percentage at the interface between the receptor site and the graft showed no statistical difference among the groups in the post-operative periods of 7 and 15 days, except G1 group, which showed to be statistically higher when compared to G4 group (p=0,0227), at 15 days. There was a higher immunomarking for TRAP and OC, verified at G1 group, however without significant difference between the groups of the same period. Conclusion: Physiological and Euro Collins® solutions used as temporary storage environments showed to influence, similarly, the biocompatibility process of the autogenous bone graft, presenting a repair process dynamics close to immediate grafting procedure. / Doutor

Introdução: O diabetes melito pós-transplante (DMPT) é uma complicação comum em transplantados renais e está associada a desfechos desfavoráveis. Tanto a adiponectina como a quimiocina ligante 5 (CCL5) têm relação com o metabolismo da glicose, o que permite supor que polimorfismos nesses genes possam levar ao desenvolvimento de DMPT. Objetivo: Verificar a associação dos polimorfismos do gene da adiponectina e da CCL5 com DMPT em transplantados renais caucasianos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo caso-controle aninhado a uma coorte de transplantados renais do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). Duzentos e setenta transplantados renais caucasianos (83 com DMPT e 187 sem DMPT), com pelo menos um ano de transplante, foram incluídos no estudo. Pacientes com diabetes melito pré-transplante e com múltiplos transplantes de órgãos foram excluídos. O diagnóstico de DMPT foi realizado através dos critérios da Associação Americana de Diabetes. Dados sócio-demográficos e clínicos foram coletados. A genotipagem dos polimorfismos 276G/T (rs1501299) do gene da adiponectina e dos polimorfismos rs2280789 e rs3817665 do gene da CCL5 foi realizada pela técnica de discriminação alélica por PCR (polymerase chain reaction) em tempo real. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do HCPA e todos os pacientes assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Resultados: O genótipo TT do polimorfismo 276G/T do gene da adiponectina foi mais frequente nos pacientes com DMPT do que naqueles sem diabetes, em comparação aos genótipos GG/GT (modelo recessivo; p=0,031). O genótipo TT foi identificado como fator de risco independente para o DMPT em transplantados renais caucasianos, no modelo ajustado para as variáveis: idade no momento do transplante, índice de massa corporal pré-transplante e uso de tacrolimus (TT vs. GG/GT, HR=1,88 IC95% 1,03-3,45, p=0,041). Não houve diferença na distribuição dos genótipos e alelos dos polimorfismos rs2280789 e rs3817655 do gene da CCL5 entre os pacientes com e sem DMPT. Conclusões: O polimorfismo 276G/T do gene da adiponectina está associado ao DMPT em transplantados renais caucasianos. / Background: New onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is an increasingly recognized complication of kidney transplantation that is associated with poor outcomes. Both adiponectin and chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) are related to glucose metabolism, allowing hypothesize that genetic variation in their genes can lead to development of NODAT. Objective: To investigate the association between adiponectin and CCL5 genes polymorphisms with NODAT in Caucasian kidney transplant recipients. Methods: This nested case-control study was undertaken within a cohort of kidney transplant recipients from Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil. Two hundred seventy Caucasian kidney transplant recipients (83 with NODAT and 187 without NODAT) with at least one year of transplantation were included in this study. Patients with pretransplant diabetes mellitus and multi-organ transplantation were excluded. NODAT diagnosis was determined by American Diabetes Association criteria. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Subjects were genotyped for 276G/T adiponectin gene polymorphism and rs2280789 and rs3817655 CCL5 gene polymorphisms by real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction). This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and all subjects received adequate information about this study and gave informed consent. Results: The TT genotype of 276G/T adiponectin gene polymorphism was significantly more frequent in NODAT than non-NODAT patients, compared to GG/GT genotypes (recessive model; p=0.031). TT genotype was identified as an independent risk factor for NODAT in Caucasian kidney transplant recipients, after adjusting for age at transplantation, pretransplant BMI and tacrolimus usage (TT vs. GG/GT, HR=1.88 95%CI 1.03-3.45, p=0.041). There were no differences in genotype and allele distributions of rs2280789 and rs3817655 CCL5 gene polymorphisms between NODAT and non-NODAT groups. Conclusions: The 276G/T adiponectin gene polymorphism is associated with NODAT in Caucasian kidney transplant recipients.

Les données cliniques supportent le concept et offrent l’espoir que la thérapie cellulaire trouvera sa place parmi les stratégies thérapeutiques des pathologies hépatiques. Cependant deux obstacles majeurs limitent l'étendue de son application clinique: la faible disponibilité d’hépatocytes humains de qualité et en quantité importante, et une faible efficacité de greffe conduisant à une survie et une fonctionnalité seulement à court terme. L’objectif de ce travail était de développer des modèles animaux d’insuffisance hépatique après hépatectomie et d’analyser la réponse régénérative après transplantation de progéniteurs hépatiques humains isolés et caractérisés dans 2 laboratoires de recherche (INSERM U1040 Montpellier et laboratoire PEDI UCL Bruxelles), en comparaison à des hépatocytes fraichement isolés.Le premier modèle consistait à réaliser une hépatectomie de 30% chez des souris NOD SCID, associée à l’injection préalable de rétrorsine (blocage de la prolifération cellulaire endogène) et d’injecter dans le même temps directement dans le parenchyme 1 million de cellules progénitrices exprimant constitutivement le gène rapporteur Luciférase. Les résultats ont montré la bonne implantation des cellules jusqu’à 1 mois après l’injection avec une différenciation fonctionnelle des cellules mise en évidence par la sécrétion d’albumine humaine dans le sang circulant des animaux.Le deuxième modèle consistait à réaliser une hépatectomie large de 70% chez des souris immunodéprimées RAG 2-/- γ-/- pour augmenter la souffrance hépatocellulaire et à comparer deux timing d’injection (voie intrasplénique) des cellules progénitrices génétiquement marquées avec la Green Fluorescent Protein. Les résultats ont montré une meilleure tolérance clinique (moins de mortalité) et une plus grande quantité de cellules implantées lorsque l’injection était réalisée 48h après l’hépatectomie. La régénération hépatique endogène était plus importante et plus rapide chez les souris injectées avec les progéniteurs qu’avec les hépatocytes primaires, suggérant un effet paracrine bénéfique de ces cellules.Ces travaux ont mis en évidence la possibilité d’utiliser ces cellules progénitrices comme alternative aux hépatocytes avec des propriétés régénératrices certaines mais soulèvent les problèmes d’implantation de ces cellules qui reste faible dans des foies hépatectomisés remaniés. Définir le meilleur environnement pour favoriser la survie, la fonctionnalité et éventuellement l’intégration effective des cellules transplantées reste une question clé pour avancer dans cette voie.En parallèle de ces travaux de recherche, un projet de recherche clinique de biothérapie a été développé et accepté pour transplanter des hépatocytes frais humains en intrahépatique chez des patients ayant une insuffisance hépatocellulaire terminale (hépatite alcoolique aigue, cirrhose grave, après résection hépatique large). Il devrait débuter fin 2013. / Clinical data support the concept and offer the hope that cell therapy will find its place among the therapeutic strategies in liver diseases. However, two major obstacles limit the scope of its clinical application: the limited availability of human hepatocytes quality and in large quantities, and low efficiency leading to graft survival and only a short-term functionality. The objective of this work was to develop animal models of liver failure after hepatectomy and analyze the regenerative response after transplantation of human hepatic progenitors isolated and characterized in two research laboratories (INSERM U1040 Montpellier laboratory PEDI UCL Brussels) compared to freshly isolated hepatocytes.The first model was to achieve a 30% hepatectomy in mice NOD SCID associated with prior injection retrorsine (blocking of endogenous cellular proliferation) and injected at the same time directly into the parenchyma 1 million progenitor cells constitutively expressing the luciferase reporter gene. The results showed good cell implantation until 1 month after injection with a functional differentiation as evidenced by secretion of human albumin in the circulating blood cells of animals.The second model was to achieve a wide 70% hepatectomy in mice immunocompromised RAG 2 - / - γ-/ - to increase the suffering hepatocellular comparing two injection timing (channel intrasplenically) progenitor cells genetically marked with the Green Fluorescent Protein. The results showed better clinical tolerance (less mortality) and a greater amount of implanted when the injection was performed 48 hours after hepatectomy cells. Endogenous hepatic regeneration was greater and faster in mice injected with the progenitors with primary hepatocytes, suggesting a beneficial paracrine effect of these cells.These studies have highlighted the possibility of using these progenitor cells as an alternative to hepatocytes with regenerative properties but raise some problems implementing these cells remains low in hepatectomized livers reworked. Define the Define the best environment to promote the survival, function and possibly the effective integration of transplanted cells remains a key issue for progress in this direction.In parallel with this research, a clinical research project biotherapy was developed and agreed to transplant human hepatocytes in intrahepatic costs in patients with terminal liver failure (acute alcoholic hepatitis, severe cirrhosis, after extensive liver resection). It should begin in late 2013.

Introdução: O diabetes melito pós-transplante (DMPT) é uma complicação comum em transplantados renais e está associada a desfechos desfavoráveis. Tanto a adiponectina como a quimiocina ligante 5 (CCL5) têm relação com o metabolismo da glicose, o que permite supor que polimorfismos nesses genes possam levar ao desenvolvimento de DMPT. Objetivo: Verificar a associação dos polimorfismos do gene da adiponectina e da CCL5 com DMPT em transplantados renais caucasianos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo caso-controle aninhado a uma coorte de transplantados renais do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). Duzentos e setenta transplantados renais caucasianos (83 com DMPT e 187 sem DMPT), com pelo menos um ano de transplante, foram incluídos no estudo. Pacientes com diabetes melito pré-transplante e com múltiplos transplantes de órgãos foram excluídos. O diagnóstico de DMPT foi realizado através dos critérios da Associação Americana de Diabetes. Dados sócio-demográficos e clínicos foram coletados. A genotipagem dos polimorfismos 276G/T (rs1501299) do gene da adiponectina e dos polimorfismos rs2280789 e rs3817665 do gene da CCL5 foi realizada pela técnica de discriminação alélica por PCR (polymerase chain reaction) em tempo real. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do HCPA e todos os pacientes assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Resultados: O genótipo TT do polimorfismo 276G/T do gene da adiponectina foi mais frequente nos pacientes com DMPT do que naqueles sem diabetes, em comparação aos genótipos GG/GT (modelo recessivo; p=0,031). O genótipo TT foi identificado como fator de risco independente para o DMPT em transplantados renais caucasianos, no modelo ajustado para as variáveis: idade no momento do transplante, índice de massa corporal pré-transplante e uso de tacrolimus (TT vs. GG/GT, HR=1,88 IC95% 1,03-3,45, p=0,041). Não houve diferença na distribuição dos genótipos e alelos dos polimorfismos rs2280789 e rs3817655 do gene da CCL5 entre os pacientes com e sem DMPT. Conclusões: O polimorfismo 276G/T do gene da adiponectina está associado ao DMPT em transplantados renais caucasianos. / Background: New onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is an increasingly recognized complication of kidney transplantation that is associated with poor outcomes. Both adiponectin and chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) are related to glucose metabolism, allowing hypothesize that genetic variation in their genes can lead to development of NODAT. Objective: To investigate the association between adiponectin and CCL5 genes polymorphisms with NODAT in Caucasian kidney transplant recipients. Methods: This nested case-control study was undertaken within a cohort of kidney transplant recipients from Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil. Two hundred seventy Caucasian kidney transplant recipients (83 with NODAT and 187 without NODAT) with at least one year of transplantation were included in this study. Patients with pretransplant diabetes mellitus and multi-organ transplantation were excluded. NODAT diagnosis was determined by American Diabetes Association criteria. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Subjects were genotyped for 276G/T adiponectin gene polymorphism and rs2280789 and rs3817655 CCL5 gene polymorphisms by real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction). This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and all subjects received adequate information about this study and gave informed consent. Results: The TT genotype of 276G/T adiponectin gene polymorphism was significantly more frequent in NODAT than non-NODAT patients, compared to GG/GT genotypes (recessive model; p=0.031). TT genotype was identified as an independent risk factor for NODAT in Caucasian kidney transplant recipients, after adjusting for age at transplantation, pretransplant BMI and tacrolimus usage (TT vs. GG/GT, HR=1.88 95%CI 1.03-3.45, p=0.041). There were no differences in genotype and allele distributions of rs2280789 and rs3817655 CCL5 gene polymorphisms between NODAT and non-NODAT groups. Conclusions: The 276G/T adiponectin gene polymorphism is associated with NODAT in Caucasian kidney transplant recipients.

A inflamação é um evento intrínseco ao transplante que é desencadeado após o dano causado pela cirurgia. No presente trabalho realizou-se a caracterização fenotípica e funcional das células inflamatórias presentes no enxerto, após o transplante alogênico ou singênico de pele em camundongos. Os resultados obtidos mostraram diferenças significativas na produção de citocinas pró e anti-inflamatórias entre o transplante alogênico e singênico, diferenças já detectáveis nas primeiras 24 horas pós-transplante. Mostrou-se que existe produção aumentada de IL-10 no transplante singênico em relação ao transplante alogênico indicando que a produção de IL-10 no enxerto possui um importante papel para o aceite de transplantes de pele. Além disso, na ausência de IL-10, a rejeição de enxertos alogênicos apresentou-se acelerada e surpreendentemente uma grande parcela dos enxertos singênicos não foi aceita e apresentava aspecto de fibrose com grande deposição de colágeno. O conjunto dos dados indica que a IL-10 possui um importante papel regulatório na inflamação local do enxerto. / Inflammation is an intrinsic event of transplantation that occurs due to to damage caused by surgery. In this study, phenotypic and functional characterization of inflammatory cells present in the graft was performed, after allogeneic or syngeneic skin transplantation in mice. Our results show significant differences in the production of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines between the syngeneic and allogeneic grafts, detectable as early as 24 hours after transplantation. Higher production of IL-10 was shown in the syngeneic grafts in comparison to allogeneic grafts, indicating that production of IL-10 in the graft is important for acceptance. This is reinforced by data that shows that in the absence of IL-10, rejection of allografts is accelerated and that, surprisingly, a high percentage of the syngeneic grafts is not accepted as well, or shows fibrosis with high deposition of collagen. Taken together, this data indicates that IL-10 has an important regulatory function in the local inflammation of the graft.

Submitted by Irene Nascimento (irene.kessia@ufpe.br) on 2016-07-13T16:53:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) LUIZ GUSTAVO DE QUADROS TESE.pdf: 9881637 bytes, checksum: d6ffb41dcf9858105a4bb9088ff3fd0f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T16:53:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) LUIZ GUSTAVO DE QUADROS TESE.pdf: 9881637 bytes, checksum: d6ffb41dcf9858105a4bb9088ff3fd0f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-14 / Introdução: Não existe atualmente uma terapia para tratamento de pacientes com Doença de Crohn refratária quando os tratamentos convencionais como antiinflamatórios, esteroides, imunossupressores e agentes biológicos anti-TNF alfa falham. Neste contexto o Transplante Autólogo de Células Tronco Hematopoiéticas (TACTH) pode ser uma alternativa. Objetivos: O objetivo do estudo foi determinar, após o TACTH, os resultados clinicos e endoscópicos e a toxicicidade imediata nos pacientes com Doença de Crohn (DC) refratários na primeira série brasileira de dez (10) casos realizados em uma única instituição. Casuística e Métodos: Foram estudados retrospectivamente dez pacientes com DC refratários submetidos ao TACTH. O critério de inclusão foi um Índice de Atividade da Doença de Crohn (CDAI) maior que 240, Índice Crônico de Gravidade Craig (CSI) maior que 17, Harvey Bradshaw indice maior que quatro, doença comprovada colonoscopicamente e não respondedores a, pelo menos, dois agentes biológicos anti TNF alfa. O tratamento foi feito com ciclofosfamida e timoglobulina, seguido de infusão de células-tronco de sangue periférico não manipuladas e não selecionados, colhidas por leucaférese após condicionamento com Ciclofosfamida. Avaliação do TACTH durante o período de mobilização e condicionamento até os primeiros 30 dias após o procedimento foi feita utilizando os Critérios NCI Common Toxicity Criteria Questionnaire, CDAI e questionário de qualidade de vida (QV) Short Form 36. Avaliação por colonoscopia foi realizada utilizando como parâmetros as classificações de Rutgeerts, Índice de Gravidade Endoscópica da Doença de Chron (CDEIS) e escore endoscópico simples para Crohn (SES-CD), seis meses após o procedimento em sete pacientes. Resultados: A análise foi disponíveis para 10 pacientes (6 femininos e 4 masculinos), a idade média foi de 34 ± 8 anos (24-50), com CDAI no momento do transplante com mediana 311,6 (240 - 450,2), doença grave em quatro (57 , 1%) e três (42,9%) com doença moderada. Classificação Montreal, Idade: A1 28,6%, A2 57,1% e A3 14,3%; principais manifestações extraintestinais doenças autoimunes associadas: 42,9% B1, B2 42,9% e B1P: 14,3%; distúrbio gastrointestinal locais: L1: 14,3%, L3: 71,4%, L4: 14: 3. Apenas a toxicidade hematológica foi observada em todos os pacientes nas fases de mobilização e condicionamento: leucopenia, granulocitopenia, linfocitopenia, trombocitopenia e hipotensão em um paciente. Como toxicidade gastrointestinal, foi comum o surgimento de náuseas durante alguns dias em todo o período de mobilização e condicionamento. Também foram encontrados febre sem infecção em dois pacientes, assim como farmacodermia e infecção fúngica após enxerto, diagnosticada por CT de tórax, em um mesmo paciente. Nos primeiros 30 dias, apenas um paciente parecia ter reativação de CMV mas não confirmada. Qualidade de vida foi melhor em todos os pacientes e, em três domínios, esta melhora foi estatisticamente significativa. Conclusão: O procedimento foi seguro, com baixa toxicidade hematológica e com impacto clínico no CDAI e na QV. / Introduction: Currently no therapy exists to treat refractory Crohn disease when the conventional treatments based in anti-inflammatory, steroids, immunosuppressant and/or a biologic anti-TNF-α failed. In this scenario, Autologous Hematopoietic Stem cell Transplantation (AHSCT) may be an alternative. Goals: The objective of study was to determine, after AHSCT, the clinic and endoscopy outcome, as well as the immediate toxicity of patients with refractory Crohn’s disease in the first Brazilian case series of ten (10) patients from a single institution. Patients and Methods: Were studied ten patients retrospectively. The inclusion criteria were Crohn Disease Activity Index (CDAI) greater than 240, Craig Chronic severity index (CSI) greater than 17, Harvey Bradshaw index greater than four, comproved active disease by endocolonoscopy and lack of response to at least two anti TNFα biologic agents. The treatment was done with Cyclophosphamide and Thymoglobulin followed by infusion of unmanipulated and unselected peripheral blood stem cells, obtained by leukapheresis after Cyclophosphamide conditioning. The evaluation the Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation during mobilization and conditioning period until the first 30 days after the procedure was performed using the NCI Common Toxicity Criteria Questionnaire, Chronic Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and Quality of Live (QoL) Short Form 3 questionnaire and Clinical Outcome Parameters. The evaluation by colonoscopy was dose through parameters Rutgeerts, Crohn’s Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity and Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s six months after the procedure in seven patients. Results: The analysis was available for 10 patients (6 female and 4 male), with median age was 34 ± 8 years (24-50), with median CDAI at time of Transplantation of 311,6 (240 - 450,2) severe disease in four (57,1%) and moderate disease in three (42,9%). Montreal classification, Age: A1 28,6%, A2 57,1% e A3 14,3%; major extra intestinal manifestations associated autoimmune disorders: B1 42,9%, B2 42,9% e B1p:14,3%; gastrointestinal local disorder: L1: 14,3%, L3: 71,4%, L4: 14:3. Only hematologic toxicity was observed in all patients in mobilization and conditioning phases. Leukopenia, granulocytopenia, lymphocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, and hypotension were found in one patient. Concerning gastrointestinal toxicity, nausea was a frequent complaint for several days throughout the period of mobilization and conditioning. Further side-effects were fever without infection in two patients, as well as pharmacodermy and fungal infection after graft, diagnosed by chest CT, in the same patient. In the first 30 days, only one patient appeared to have CMV reactivation but it was not confirmed. Quality of life was better in all patients and the improvement in three domains was statistically significant. Conclusion: The procedure was safe, with low hematologic the toxicity, and has a clinical impact on CDAI and on QoL.

Objetivo: Na maxila anterior em indivíduos com fissuras labiopalatinas, estabelecer medidas quantitativas dos tecidos moles (qualidade e quantidade da mucosa ceratinizada e medida do vestíbulo bucal) antes e após o enxerto ósseo alveolar secundário tardio (EOAS) com e sem a realização de vestíbuloplastia associada ao enxerto gengival autógeno livre (EGL), prévio ao EOAS tardio. Material e Métodos: O grupo A compreendeu 24 indivíduos com fissuras transforame incisivo unilaterais e o grupo B, 14 indivíduos totalizando 20 fissuras (8 com fissuras transforame incisivo unilaterais e 6 bilaterais). Antes da vestibuloplastia e EGL (grupo B), e pré e 2 meses após o EOAS (grupos A e B), foram medidas a espessura e largura da mucosa ceratinizada e a profundidade do vestíbulo bucal. Resultados: Após a vestibuloplastia e EGL, foram obtidas medidas satisfatórias no grupo B para a realização do EOAS, e após o EOAS, ambos os grupos demonstraram redução dessas medidas. Conclusão: A vestibuloplastia e o EGL antes do EOAS tardio produziram melhora em todos os parâmetros clínicos avaliados, sugerindo benefícios de sua realização neste período; entretanto, a decisão clínica, considerando a particularidade anatômica de cada fissura labiopalatina, deve ser o critério primordial para estabelecer a realização ou não destes procedimentos periodontais. / Objective: To establish quantitative measurements of soft tissues (quality and quantity of keratinized mucosa and measurement of buccal vestibule) in the anterior maxilla in individuals with cleft lip and palate before and after late secondary alveolar bone graft (SABG) with or without accomplishment of vestibuloplasty associated with free autogenous gingival graft (FGG), before the late SABG. Material and Methods: Group A was composed of 24 individuals with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate and Group B included 14 individuals adding up to 20 cleft sites (8 with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate and 6 with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate). Before vestibuloplasty and FGG (group B) and before and 2 months after SABG (groups A and B), the thickness and width of keratinized mucosa and depth of buccal vestibule were measured. Results: After vestibuloplasty and FGG satisfactory measurements were obtained for group B, for accomplishment of SABG, and after SABG both groups presented reduction of these measurements. Conclusion: Vestibuloplasty and FGG before late SABG improved all clinical parameters analyzed, suggesting benefits of its accomplishment in this period. However, the clinical decision considering the anatomical particularity of each cleft lip and palate should be the main criterion for indication of these periodontal procedures.