Introdução: O transtorno bipolar (TB) é um problema crônico, de evolução cíclica, altamente prevalente na população geral e está associado a importante incapacitação dos pacientes e a déficits cognitivos e funcionais, constituindo, assim, um importante problema de saúde pública. A etiologia do TB parece ser multifatorial, resultante da interação entre fatores genéticos e ambientais; estudos apontam que a predisposição para manifestação de episódios pode advir da exposição a maus-tratos na infância (MTI), que comprometem o desenvolvimento emocional, cerebral e cognitivo das crianças e estão presentes em 30% a 60% dos portadores de TB. No TB, os MTI vem sendo associados com idade de início mais precoce, pior evolução clínica, maior incidência de comorbidades, apesar da literatura ser escassa e não conclusiva, tem sido associado também a alterações do funcionamento cognitivo e da morfologia cerebral. Objetivo: Investigar se o perfil cognitivo e a morfometria cerebral de portadores de TBI eutímicos diferencia-se com a exposição ou não a maus-tratos sofridos na infância. Método: 75 portadores de TBI eutímicos, com idades entre 18 e 45 anos, atendidos no ambulatório do Programa de Transtornos Afetivos (GRUDA) IPq-HC-FMUSP, sendo 32 sem história de MTI e 43 com história de MTI, de acordo com o ponto de corte do Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) e 46 voluntários sadios do ponto de vista físico e mental, com idades entre 18 e 45 anos, sem história de MTI de acordo com o CTQ e sem parentes de primeiro grau com transtornos psiquiátricos foram submetidos a uma bateria de testes neuropsicológicos que avaliou as funções atencionais, mnêmicas, executivas e cognição social e a um estudo de imagem por ressonância magnética. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram para uma diferença de desempenho cognitivo entre os grupos em uma das medidas de flexibilidade mental (p=0,04), em uma de raciocínio matricial (p=0,035) e na capacidade de reconhecimento de emoções faciais de tristeza (REF, p=0,022). Em relação à morfometria cerebral, pôde-se observar que o volume do Núcleo Caudado apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os três grupos, tanto no hemisfério direito (p=0,002) como no esquerdo (0,008). No hemisfério esquerdo, a área do Órbito Frontal Medial (p=0,0466), a área do Pré-cuneo (p=0,0193) e a área do Parietal Superior (p=0,0063) apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas. No hemisfério direito, a área do Órbito Frontal Medial (p=0,0200), a área do Pré-cuneo (p=0,0337), a área do Parietal Superior (p=0,0007), a espessura da Parte Triangular do Córtex Frontal (p=0,0013), a espessura do Pré-central (p=0,0307) e a espessura do Frontal Superior (p=0,0425) apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas. Por fim, a partir de uma análise exploratória, pôde-se observar que no grupo de portadores de TB com MTI os resultados apontam para possíveis associações entre regiões cerebrais e desempenhos cognitivos, sendo elas: volume do Hipocampo Direito e o TMT-B (pinteração= 0,002, r = -0,40, pr=0,013), área do Giro Superior Frontal Direito e o SCWT-I (pinteração= 0,0008, r = -0,36, pr=0,0185), área do Órbito Frontal Medial Esquerdo e o FCR-cópia (pinteração= 0,004, r = 0,49, pr=0,014), espessura do Órbito Frontal Medial Direito e COWAT-total (pinteração= 0,004, r = 0,46, pr=0,003), espessura do Frontal Medial Rostral Esquerdo e WCST-erros (pinteração= 0,007, r = -0,42, pr=0,007). Conclusões: Apesar da limitação do tamanho amostral e do número de comparações estatísticas realizadas, este é o primeiro estudo a avaliar a associação entre MTI, funcionamento cognitivo e morfometria cerebral. Os resultados foram sugestivos de que a magnitude das correlações entre as características morfométricas e cognitivas podem ser moduladas pela exposição a MTI e pelo status de caso (portador de TB) / Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic, cyclically-evolving problem that is highly prevalent in the general population and is associated with significant disability of the patients and cognitive and functional deficits, thus constituting an important public health problem. The etiology of BD seems to be multifactorial, resulting from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors, and studies show that the predisposition to the manifestation of episodes of BD may result from exposure to childhood maltreatment (CM), which compromises the emotional, cerebral and cognitive development and seems to be present in between 30 and 60% of BD patients. In BD, CM have been associated with earlier onset age, worse clinical course, higher incidence of comorbidities and, although the literature is scarce and not conclusive, it has also been associated with changes in cognitive function and brain morphology. Objective: To investigate whether the cognitive profile and the brain morphometry of patients with euthymic BD differ between those exposed or non-exposed to CM. Method: 75 euthymic BD patients, aged between 18 and 45 years, attended at the ambulatory of the Affective Disorders Program (GRUDA) IPq-HC-FMUSP, 32 of which had no history of CM and 43 with a positive history of CM according to the cut-off of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and 46 physically and mentally healthy volunteers, aged 18-45 years, with no history of CM according to the CTQ and no first-degree relatives with psychiatric disorders were submitted to a battery of neuropsychological tests that evaluated attentional, mnemonic, executive, and social cognition functions and a study of magnetic resonance imaging. Results: The results point to a difference in cognitive performance between groups in one of the measures of mental flexibility (p = 0.04), in one of matrix reasoning (p = 0.035) and in the ability to recognize facial emotions of sadness FER, p = 0.022). Regarding cerebral morphometry, it can be observed that the volume of the Caudate Nucleus showed a statistically significant difference between the three groups, both in the right hemisphere (p = 0.002) and in the left hemisphere (0.008). In the left hemisphere, the area of Medial Orbital Frontal (p = 0.0466), the area of Precuneus (p = 0.0193) and the area of Superior Parietal (p = 0.0063) presented statistically significant differences. In the right temisphere, the area of Medial Orbital Frontal (p = 0.0200), the area of Precuneus (p = 0.0337), the area of Superior Parietal (p = 0.0007), the thickness of Pars Triangularis (p = 0.0013), the thickness of Precentral (p = 0.0307) and the thickness of Superior Frontal (p = 0.0425) presented statistically significant differences. Finally, from this exploratory analysis, it is possible to observe that in the group of BD with CM the results point to possible associations between brain regions and cognitive performance, specifically: Right Hippocampus Volume and TMT-B (pinteraction = 0,002, r = -0,40, pr=0,013), Right Superior Frontal Area and SCWT-I (pinteraction = 0.0008, r = -0.36, pr = 0.0185), Left Medial Orbital Frontal area and FCR-copy (pinteraction= 0,004, r = 0,49, pr=0,014), Right Medial Orbital Frontal Thickness and COWAT-total (pinteraction = 0.004, r = 0.46, pr= 0.003), Left Rostral Medial Frontal Thickness and WCST-errors (pinteraction = 0.007, r = -0.42, pr = 0.007). Conclusions: Despite the limitation of the sample size and the number of statistical comparisons performed, this is the first study to evaluate the association between CM, cognitive functioning and brain morphometry. The results are suggestive of the magnitude of the correlations between the characteristics morphometric and cognitive variables can be modulated by exposure to CM and by case status (BD patients)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T12:51:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 elyseusicoli_tese.pdf: 2441826 bytes, checksum: 674fd5e0ef6362d6b45b1ebf11e5cfd9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-18 / The Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTD) hás been common in various professions that require repeating the same movement several times thoughout the day. The professionals more affected by this problem, are: workers in production lines, cash drawers operators, homemakers, dentists, and others. Also called by work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMD) or Musculoskeletal Disorders Related to Working (MDRW), these lesions are caused by the repetitive or forced use of the muscles groups or inadequate posture. The most common symptoms are ache, tingling feelings, mysterious numbness, muscle fatigue and peripheral nerves. Several factors have been making that the personal and Professional life is much affected: intense and chronic sumptoms, lack of prevention and rehabilitation policies by the companies, late diagnosis and treatment, among other. Objective: The purpose of this work was to asses the knowledge degree of the professionals ins São José do Rio Preto among the occupational diseases and improve education in the graduation about these occupational illnesses so that students in future can prevent the same problem. Methods: The learners participating in this project went to the dental clinics of São José do Rio Preto, and explained the objectives as well as the Term of Free and Informed Consent. They made the interview with the professional using a questionnaire, avoiding the interference or reading of the data by others. The listing of clinics was obtained through the Regional Council of Dentistry Station of São José do Rio Preto. The questionnaire addressed questions since the knowledge of the diseases through what the professionals do to avoid them. The questionnaire also had the objective of selecting samples. Interesting results were obtained through research, such that 42.85% of participants already had some joint pain manifestation, which may be signs of repetitive strain injury and that nearly 99% of workers had some basic ergonomics in your graduation, but only 63.63% implemented in your office. The project was submitted by the Ethical Committee, and the volunteers that agreed in participating on the study signed a free and informed consent, as resolution 196/96 of the National Council of Ethics and the search of the Health Ministry. / As L.E.R. (Lesões por Esforços Repetitivos) têm se mostrado comuns em diversas profissões que exigem a repetição do mesmo movimento diversas vezes ao longo do dia. Os profissionais mais afetados por esse mal são: operários em linhas de produção, operadores de caixas, donas de casa, Cirurgiões-Dentistas, entre outros. Também chamadas de DORT (Doenças Osteomusculares Relacionadas ao Trabalho) ou AMERT (Afecções Musculo-Esqueléticas Relacionadas ao Trabalho), estas lesões são causadas pelo uso repetitivo ou forçado de grupos musculares, ou postura inadequada. Os sintomas mais comuns são dores, sensação de formigamento, dormência, fadiga muscular, perda da força muscular em conseqüência de alteraçãoes nos tendões, musculaturas e nervos periféricos. Vários fatores acabam fazendo com que a vida pessoal e profissional seja muito afetada: sintomas intensos e crônicos, falta de uma política de prevenção e reabilitação por parte das empresas, diagnóstico tardio e tratamento inadequado, entre outros. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o grau de conhecimento dos Cirurgiões Dentistas de São José do Rio Preto acerca das doenças ocupacionais e melhorar o ensino na Graduação sobre enfermidades, de forma que os alunos futuramente previnam as mesmas. Casuística e Metodos: Os pesquisadores participantes do projeto foram aos consultórios odontológicos de São José do Rio Preto, e explicaram os objetivos da pesquisa, bem como o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Fizeram a entrevista com o Cirurgião Dentista, através de um questionário, evitando assim que houvesse interferências ou leitura dos dados coletados por outras pessoas. A listagem dos consultórios foi obtida através do Conselho Regional de Odontologia Delegacia de São José do Rio Preto. O questionário abordou questões desde o conhecimento das enfermidades até o que o profissional faz para evitá-las. O questionário também teve por objetivo selecionar a amostra, identificando os dados necessários para a pesquisa. Resultados interessantes foram obtidos através da pesquisa, 42,85% dos participantes já tiveram alguma manifestação dolorosa nas articulações, o que pode ser indícios de lesão por esforço repetitivo e que quase 99% desses profissionais tiveram noções básicas de ergonomia na sua graduação, mas apenas 63,63% aplicaram em seu consultório. O projeto foi submetido ao Comitê de Ética, e os voluntários que concordaram em participar do estudo assinaram um termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido, conforme a resolução 196/96 do Conselho Nacional em Ética e Pesquisa do Ministério da Saúde.

本論文採以「復元」概念，試圖瞭解原住民在經歷到生涯發展中的阻礙與創傷後，如何進行調適與重新得力的經驗。研究設計採取敘事研究法對四位布農族原住民的生涯故事進行蒐集與分析，並有四點發現：首先，原住民的生涯發展可區分為「家庭生活」與「自我實現」兩條軸線，且均呈現螺旋攀升的形式發展；其次，原住民在生涯故事中的敘說風格採以「開拓家」、「悲劇英雄」、「幸運份子」與「被犧牲者」四種建構位置的交替，並在單一生涯主題上，會隨時間與情境而有位置的改變，或因為不同的生涯主題，而同時擁有複數的位置；第三，原住民生涯故事中的創傷主題具有族群的特殊性，共包括「貧窮」、「父係社會下的角色規範」、「學校與部落價值觀的脫節」、「原漢關係的衝突」、「酗酒問題」、「家庭暴力」，以及「其他生涯議題」等七項；最後，促進原住民從生涯創傷中復元的因子，則可歸納出「個人優勢」、「人際關係」、「環境資源」與「文化與靈性」四類，而類別當中的個別復元促進因子會隨情境而被激發或發揮不同功能，且單一因子即可能觸發不同類別間因子的連鎖反應。作者根據研究結果，對原住民族助人工作提出實務上和政策上的建議。 / This research takes “Recovery” concept to describe and understand experiences of Taiwanese indigenous people who made a recovery from career barriers and traumas. Research design takes narrative research to collect and analyze four indigenous Bunun persons’ career development stories. And main findings are as follows. First, axes of indigenous persons’ career development stories could be generalized to “Family life” and “self-fulfillment” two topics, and both development forms tend to spiral upward. Second, interviewees take four narrative positions to construct self in their stories, including “Pioneer”, “Tragedy hero”, “Lucky guy” and “Scapegoat”, but these positions are often shifted because of the time or situations changes, and one person could have plural positions on different topics at the same time. Third, career traumas in stories include “Poverty”, “Role norms under the patriarchal society ”, “Values disconnection between the schools and the tribes”, “Relationship conflict between the Hans and indigenous peoples”, “Alcoholism”, “Domestic violence” and “Other issues”, the specific effects from ethic group background are appeared on all of these trauma issues. Fourth, the conducive factors to recovery from career traumas are widely distributed over “Personal strengths”, “Interpersonal relationships”, “Environmental resources” and “Culture and Spirituality” areas, each factor could be aroused or created by situations, and every single factor can leads others to make chain reaction. Base on above findings, author gives advice on policy making and practice work for indigenous people’ career development.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-07-08T12:54:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 2979040 bytes, checksum: 4acd717dc9b89063f1cd436d8ecb1d6d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-08T12:54:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 2979040 bytes, checksum: 4acd717dc9b89063f1cd436d8ecb1d6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This project seeks to contribute to the historiography concerning the Peasant Leagues of Paraiba, especially by rescuing this story through the memories of the ones from below. Our approach is through the work we developed at the State Commission of Truth and Memory Preservation of Paraiba (CEVPM/PB), through the taking of testimony of former rural workers, leaders of the movement and family members persecuted by the civil-military regime. Through the testmony of the latter, we also gave special attention to the effects of the coup and the civil-military regime for some persecuted politicians linked to the peasant leagues and their families. In most of the analyzed interviews, however, we highlight the struggles and battles fought by organized rural workers and landowners and their agents. Configuring antagonistic social forces, we also analyze how the power relations were given, noting that there was not an absolute domination of the ones on top towards the ones from below. Organized in Peasant Leagues, the peasants amounted forces that reacted in relatively balanced proportions to the arbitrariness of large landowners. This encounter often resulted in bloody battles that ended with casualties on both sides. It was in the light of historiographical aspects of social history, particularly the English tradition, and the New Political History, which we approach our object of study by understanding that power relations also permeate social dynamics. / Este trabalho busca contribuir com a historiografia referente às Ligas Camponesas da Paraíba, sobretudo ao resgatar essa história através das memórias dos de baixo. As abordamos por intermédio do trabalho que desenvolvemos na Comissão Estadual da Verdade e da Preservação da Memória na Paraíba (CEVPM/PB), mediante a colheita de depoimentos de antigos trabalhadores rurais, de lideranças do movimento e de familiares de perseguidos pelo regime civil-militar. Através dos depoimentos destes últimos, também tivemos especial atenção aos efeitos do golpe e do regime civil-militar para alguns perseguidos políticos vinculados às Ligas Camponesas e suas respectivas famílias. Na maior parte dos depoimentos analisados, entretanto, demos destaque às lutas e embates travados por trabalhadores rurais organizados e latifundiários e seus prepostos. Configurando forças sociais antagônicas, analisamos também a forma como se davam as relações de poder, observando que não havia uma dominação absoluta dos de cima em relação aos de baixo. Organizados em Ligas Camponesas, os camponeses somavam forças que reagiam em proporções relativamente equilibradas às arbitrariedades dos grandes proprietários de terra. Desse embate resultavam, não raro, lutas sangrentas que terminavam com baixas dos dois lados. Foi à luz das vertentes historiográficas da História Social, em especial a tradição inglesa, e da Nova História Política que abordamos nosso objeto de estudo, por compreendermos que a dinâmica social é também permeada por relações de poder.

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Les blessures de brûlures entrainent des conséquences importantes qui affectent grandement tous les aspects de la vie des personnes qui en sont victime. Par conséquent, le processus de guérison des survivants peut s'avérer long, complexe et particulièrement éprouvant. En ce sens, le soutien par les pairs semble constituer une source d'aide significative pour les personnes victimes de brûlures et participer positivement à plusieurs étapes clés du processus de guérison. À l'Unité des Grands brûlés du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Université de Montréal, ces pairs sont nommés « patients ressources accompagnateurs » et ceux-ci sont amenés à rencontrer des patients ayant récemment vécu un évènement de brûlures afin de répondre à leurs questions et partager avec eux les différents savoirs expérientiels qu'ils ont acquis au fil de leur vécu de survivant. Le but de la présente étude consiste à explorer les perceptions des patients ressources accompagnateurs en interrogeant ceux-ci quant à leurs rôles auprès de patients victimes de brûlures graves. Cette étude a été conduite selon un devis qualitatif en s'inspirant de la méthodologie de théorisation ancrée proposée par Corbin et Strauss (2015). Suivant la constitution d'un échantillon théorique, deux entrevues de groupe ont été réalisées avec les patients ressources accompagnateurs (n=3 et n=7) œuvrant auprès des patients de l'Unité des Grands Brûlés du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Université de Montréal. L'analyse des données a également été réalisée en suivant certaines des étapes de la méthodologie proposées par Corbin et Strauss (2015). L'exploration de la perception de patients ressources accompagnateurs de l'Unité des Grands Brûlés quant à leur rôle au sein de l'unité de soins contribue à la bonification du travail entrepris par une des co-directrices de ce mémoire quant à l’accompagnement des patients hospitalisés. De plus, les résultats de cette étude permettent de préciser plusieurs enjeux vécus par les personnes victimes de brûlures, apportant des éléments de réflexions pertinents quant à la manière dont ceux-ci font l'expérience des différentes étapes de leur trajectoire de soins et des difficultés que certaines de ces étapes peuvent entraîner dans le processus de guérison des survivants. L'ensemble des thématiques captées liées à la perception qu'ont les patients ressources accompagnateurs vis-à-vis leur rôle, permet de saisir la pluralité des enjeux à considérer et la diversité des éléments à intégrer dans les réflexions visant à tendre vers une amélioration des programmes d'interventions patients ressources accompagnateurs existants ou dans le développement de ceux à venir. / Burn injuries lead to major complications and consequences that affect the entire lives of those who are injured. Therefore, the healing process for survivors can be long, complex, and particularly challenging. In this sense, peer support seems to constitute a significant source of help for burn victims and positively participate in several key stages of the healing process. At the Burn Unit of the Université de Montréal Hospital Center, these peers are called "patient resource companions" who are trained and are brought in to meet with patients who have recently experienced a burn injury to answer their questions and share with them the different experiential knowledges they have gained through their experience as survivors. The purpose of this study is to explore the perceptions of patient resource companions on their roles with patients suffering from severe burns. This study was conducted using a qualitative design inspired by the grounded theory methodology proposed by Corbin and Strauss (2015). Following the formation of a theoretical sample, two group interviews were conducted with patient resource companions (n=ti and n=7) working with patients at the Burn Unit of the Université de Montréal Hospital Center. Data analysis was also conducted following some of the different stages of the methodology proposed by Corbin and Strauss (2015). The exploration of the perception of patient resource companions at the Burn Unit regarding their role in the care unit contributes to the documentation and integration of a new dimension in the general framework of reference, of one of the co-supervisor’s research program on patient resource companions. In addition, the results of this study make it possible to specify several issues experienced by burn victims, providing relevant elements of reflection as to the way in which they experience the different stages of their care trajectory and the difficulties that some of these steps can entail in the healing process of survivors. All themes related to the perception that patient resource companions have of their role, makes it possible to grasp the plurality of issues to be considered and the diversity of elements to be integrated into the reflections aimed at tending towards an improvement of existing patient resource support intervention programs or in the development of future ones.