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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
71

Du péché à l'ordre civil, les unions hors mariage au regard du droit (XVIe-XXe siècle) / From sin to the civil order, unions outside of marriage under the law (XVI-XX century)

Duvillet, Amandine 25 November 2011 (has links)
Cette thèse vise à appréhender la condition juridique des couples non mariés, à travers près de cinq siècles. Le droit canonique du mariage relégua le concubinage à un état permanent de péché, et, au XVIe siècle, le concile de Trente prescrivit des sanctions sévères à l'encontre des concubinaires. Les pères du concile édictèrent des règles encadrant la célébration du mariage. Puis, l'autorité séculière s'arrogea peu à peu la compétence en matière matrimoniale, par les lois et par la jurisprudence. La frontière entre mariage et concubinage était dorénavant strictement établie. Si l'ancien droit ne regarda pas le concubinage comme un délit, il fustigea les bâtards en les soumettant à un statut d'infériorité. Sous la Révolution, la sécularisation du mariage ne remit pas en cause la forme traditionnelle de l'union conjugale, toutefois, les législateurs accordèrent des droits aux enfants naturels reconnus. En 1804, le Code civil ignora absolument le concubinage. Le fondement de la famille était le mariage ; et, les enfants naturels furent, de nouveau, les victimes de la prééminence de l'union légitime. Dés le milieu du XIXe siècle, la rigueur du Code envers la famille naturelle fut atténuée grâce à un courant d'idées progressistes. Puis, au début du XXe siècle, la reconnaissance officielle du concubinage fut opérée par une série de mesures législatives lui conférant des effets juridiques, et la voie vers un pluralisme juridique des modèles familiaux se trouva ouverte. / The aim of this thesis is to understand the legal status of unmarried couples, over a period of time extending for nearly five centuries. The canon law of marriage relegated cohabitation to a permanent state of sin, and in the sixteenth century, the council of Trent prescribed severe penalties to punish cohabitation. The fathers of the council enacted rules governing the celebration of marriage. Secular authority then gradually arrogated jurisdiction in matrimonial matters by means of laws and jurisprudence. The line between marriage and cohabitation was now strictly drawn. Although the old law did not consider cohabitation as a crime, it castigated children born outside of wedlock by subjecting them to an inferior status. During the Revolution, the secularization of marriage did not call into question the traditional form of the marital union; however, legislators granted rights to recognized natural children. In 1804, the question of cohabitation was totally absent from the civil Code. Marriage represented the foundation of the family, and illegitimate children were once again the victims of the rule of lawful union. By the mid-nineteenth century, the rigor of the Code toward the natural family was mitigated by a current of progressive ideas. Then, in the early twentieth century, official recognition of cohabitation was brought about by a series of legally-binding legislative measures, and the path to legal pluralism in family matters found an opening.
72

Rendre les armes : le sort des vaincus XVIe-XVIIe siècles / Surrender : the Fate of the Defeated XVIth-XVIIth cent.

Vo-Ha, Paul 30 November 2015 (has links)
Le XVIe siècle est souvent perçu comme un temps de massacres motivés par les haines confessionnelles, une litanie de carnages et d’exactions à laquelle succéderait, à partir des années 1650 une culture de la reddition honorable, une guerre réglée et limitée caractérisée par une nette amélioration du sort des vaincus. Une humanisation de la guerre se donnerait à lire au travers d’une codification des procédures de capitulation et de reddition des places. Ce travail, suivant les pistes ouvertes par l’anthropologie historique, questionne cette vision caractéristique d’une déréalisation de la guerre pour montrer que la reddition honorable émerge précocement et ne constitue jamais qu’un idéal toujours soumis aux intérêts des belligérants. Mobile de la clémence, l’intérêt est également celui de la rigueur. Tout au long des XVIe et XVIIe siècles, la reddition reste un risque pour l’honneur et la vie des vaincus. Cette histoire de la reddition entend déconstruire le mythe déréalisant de la «guerre en dentelles» pour rappeler que les guerres du règne de Louis XIV ne sont pas le théâtre d’une limitation de la violence. / The XVIth century is often perceived as an era of religious driven massacres, a litany of carnage and exactions directly followed, from 1650 onward, by reversing habits of honourable capitulation, a closely regulated and restricted warfare characterized by a great improvement in the fate of the defeated. A humanization of the war would show through a codification of the surrending procedures and the transfer of forteresses. This essay investigates this derealizing vision of warfare, based on historical anthropology’s theoretical leads. It shows that honourable capitulation come about earlier on as an ideal led by the interest of belligerent parties. These interests appear as a major motive for both leniency and rigorousness. All along the XVIth and XVIIth cent., capitulation stands as a risk for the honor and life of the losers. This history of capitulation intends to deconstruct the derealizing myth of chivalrous and limited warfare, to recall the fact that wars under the reign of Louis XIV often led to repeated acts of unleashed violence.
73

The Ugly Side of the Beautiful Game - Hooliganism in French Football

Amado, Carlos Josue 11 November 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Football violence was a rare phenomenon in France until the nineteen eighties. Harsh economic times coupled with the challenges of unemployment brought a different type of fanatic to football stadia. To vent their frustration about the economic difficulties of their time, some fans found an easy scapegoat: the increasing number of African immigrants in France. These fans, known as hooligans, have become organized and can be found supporting most major French football clubs, disrupting what once was a relatively tranquil national pastime. This thesis traces their development in France, looks at what they borrowed from Italian and English fan groups, and suggests how their organization is now uniquely French.

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