Les élections politiques dans la République de Venise provoquaient des tensions entre normes républicaines, légales, sociales et religieuses. En conséquence, les patriciens développèrent une culture informelle constituée de diverses pratiques appelée “broglio” pour concilier ces normes. Cette culture se déroulait en parallèle aux élections et pouvait à la fois les dévier de leur objectif principal que les rendre plus fluide. Cette étude a pour objectif de mettre en lumière comment une culture pré-électorale de la campagne politique a réussi à s’imposer alors qu’elle était interdite.1500 patriciens prenaient place dans le Grand Conseil chaque dimanche et pendant les jours fériés pour élire les candidats. Le système électoral était strict : à travers une procédure complexe, seul le meilleur, le plus compétent et le plus loyal envers la patrie devait être élu sans prendre en considération les liens familiaux et clientélaires. Les patriciens appelaient ce principe “justice distributive” en référence au concept d’Aristote. Or, les patriciens devaient également soutenir les intérêts de leur famille. De plus, ils étaient intégrés dans un réseau clientélaire où les obligations mutuelles devaient être respectées. Si un patricien ne les honorait pas, il était exclu de la vie politique. Afin de réconcilier les normes républicaines avec les enjeux familiaux ou les intérêts de leurs amis et clients, les patriciens ont développé une culture informelle parallèle aux élections : le broglio. Certaines pratiques étaient illégales mais elles étaient tolérées de fait. D’autres, telle la corruption par l’argent, n’étaient ni légales ni légitimes. / Political elections in the early modern Republic of Venice used to generate tension between republican, legal, social and religious behavioral norms. As a result, Venetians developed a culture of informal practices called broglio to harmonize these norms. This culture ran parallel to elections and could both thwart and smooth them. The analysis aims to highlight how a pre-election culture of political campaign managed to establish itself though it was forbidden. 1500 Patricians sat in the Great Council every Sunday and even on public holidays to elect candidates. The electoral system was strict: through a complex procedure, only the best, the most competent, and those most loyal to the motherland were to be elected, without any consideration of familial and friendship ties. Patricians called it distributive justice, a concept dating back to Aristotle. Patricians had to favour the interests of the family. Besides, they were integrated in clientele networks, where mutual obligations had to be honoured. Whoever did not respect his social duties was excluded from political life. To reconcile republican norms with familial and friendship’s issues, they established an informal culture that existed in parallel with the elections: the broglio. Some practices were legally not permitted, yet tolerated to a certain extent. Others, such as monetary bribery were inacceptable at all levels.

La présente thèse de doctorat étudie les apports réciproques entre l’expérience juridique et l’expérience littéraire de Carlo Goldoni. En fait, avant de se consacrer entièrement à sa carrière de dramaturge, à l’âge de quarante et un an, l’auteur a exercé les métiers de greffier et d’avocat, après avoir suivi des études dans le domaine du droit. Cette recherche se compose de trois parties. Dans la première partie, on a restitué le contexte juridique et social dans lequel a œuvré le dramaturge : pour ce faire, on s’est attardé dans un premier temps sur le parcours juridique de Goldoni, étudiant d’abord et professionnel du droit après. Ensuite, on a traité de la singularité du système juridique vénitien, élément indispensable pour mesurer la compétence dont l’auteur fait preuve en la matière dans ses comédies. Dans la seconde partie, on a analysé les thèmes juridiques et sociaux formant une constante de l’œuvre de l’auteur. On a ainsi constaté une présence marquée du droit du commerce et des successions, ainsi que du mariage et des problèmes qui l’accompagnent. Dans chaque chapitre, on a étudié la question de droit concernée, en la replaçant dans le contexte juridique vénitien de l’époque et en mettant en évidence le lien direct existant avec les comédies choisies comme base de notre analyse. La troisième partie, enfin, est consacrée aux éléments de rhétorique judiciaire qu’on retrouve dans les répliques de certains personnages des comédies de l’auteur. Les deux chapitres, qui composent cette dernière section, proposent des exemples de représentants de la société civile, qui se servent de la loi pour revendiquer ou défendre leurs droits.L’hypothèse d’un engagement politique de Goldoni au moyen du droit, posée comme fondement de cette recherche, se trouve confirmée par l’utilisation que fait l’auteur de ses compétences dans le domaine juridique pour soumettre à ses contemporains des problèmes d’actualité, sur lesquels le dramaturge se prononce au moyen de sa création artistique. / This graduation thesis examines the mutual contribution between the legal experience and the literary experience of Carlo Goldoni. Before devoting his entire career as a playwright, when he was 41 years old, the author worked as a clerk and lawyer, after having undertaken law studies. This study consists of three parts. In the first part, the legal and social environments in which the author worked were recreated and to that end, the focus was in the first instance on Goldoni’s legal career, first as a student and later as an expert of law. Subsequently, an in-depth analysis was made on the peculiarities of the Venetian legal system, essential element necessary in order to value the abilities that the author showed on the matter in his comedies. In the second part, we examined the legal and social themes that represented a permanent feature in the work of the author. Thus, an important presence of commercial and inheritance laws were found, as well as those of marriage and related problems. In each chapter, the related legal problem was examined, setting it back in the Venetian legal context of the time and by highlighting the direct existing link with the comedies chosen as a basis of our analysis. The third part is finally focused on the elements of judicial rhetoric that can be found in the lines of certain characters of the author’s comedies. The two chapters that make up this last section suggest examples of representatives from the civil society who make use of law in order to claim or defend their rights. The hypothesis of a political commitment by Goldoni by means of the use of law, laid down as a basis of this research, can be confirmed by the use the author’s use of his abilities in the legal field in order to submit to his Contemporaries current problems over which the playwright expresses himself by means of his artistic creation.

This thesis explores the politics of community in five Shakespearean comedies: The Comedy of Errors (1594), The Merchant of Venice (1596-8), Measure for Measure (1603-4), The Tempest (1611) and The Two Noble Kinsmen (1613). The idea of community addresses many issues usually thought to belong to 'high politics'. Thinking about this topic therefore enables us to articulate a notion of the political firmly grounded within the functioning of the commonwealth at a local level and as a state of interpersonal relations. This thesis has three key aims. Firstly, it argues that the plays highlight the responsibility of all community members, no matter their gender or status, in shaping and contributing to their political environment by displaying civic virtue, working to obtain justice and influencing their ruler's behaviour. By so doing, it focuses on the processes of civic engagement and the political implications of everyday life within a community which have often been neglected in readings of Shakespeare's work thus far. Secondly, this thesis illustrates the inseparability of ethics and politics. It demonstrates throughout that relationships between individuals within a community can have widereaching implications, whether that be in terms of the existence of trust between friends, family members or fellow citizens; the importance of consent existing between subjects and ruler; or the ability of fellow-feeling to confer a sense of agency upon subjects. Lastly, it contends that Shakespeare's assessment of the commonwealth in his comedies, with its emphasis on civic values and on the relationship between the community and the individual, remains attuned to Aristotelian and Ciceronian thought, in contrast to the Tacitean influences critics have detected in the darkness and scepticism of his tragedies and histories. Shakespeare's comedies therefore question the commonly accepted paradigm in early modern intellectual history that Tacitus' prominence increased greatly in the intellectual climate of the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, while Aristotle's and Cicero's diminished. Moving away from the predominant focus on the tragedies and histories in analyses of Shakespeare's political thought, this thesis foregrounds the significance of citizenship, the household and friendship and reassesses the role of the comedies in Shakespeare's thinking about politics.

Orientador: Milton Jose de Almeida / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2019-01-04T15:17:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigues_UbirajaraAlencar_M.pdf: 90714835 bytes, checksum: 3a881fbca943a7ba06c7c2e7fcb234a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Esse texto é uma introdução ao livro "Hypnerotomachia Poliphili", de autoria do dominicano Francesco Colonna, publicado em 1499 pelo editor Aldo Manuzio. É também uma introdução às técnicas da impressão xilográfica utilizadas nas ilustrações desse livro, e à história da tipografia veneziana em fins do século XV. A concepção gráfica e visual desse livro famoso são modelares e persistem até hoje / Abstract: This is an introduction to the book "Hypnerotomachia Poliphili", from dominican Francesco Colonna, and published by Aldo Manuzio, in 1499. It's also na introduction to the techniques of xylography printing used to illustrate this book, and the history of venetian typography at the end of the 15th century. The graphic tradition and visual approach of this remarkable book persist as model up to now / Mestrado / Educação, Conhecimento, Linguagem e Arte / Mestre em Educação

Trata-se de estudo e análise sobre o processo criativo no ensino e aprendizagem da moda, com vistas à compreensão de sua importância e de seu desenvolvimento nessa complexa especialidade do design. Visamos assim nossos esforços ao desenvolvimento da didática criadora na moda brasileira em nível superior. Como referência consideramos a história, a experiência e a qualidade reconhecida do processo de ensino e aprendizagem desenvolvido do curso de design de moda da universidade Iuav de Venezia na Itália, destacando-se a qualidade e modernidade do caso de Veneza. Com os resultados obtidos de análise, reiteramos o caráter fundamental do processo criativo na concepção e no de desenvolvimento de produtos e serviços da moda, mas sobretudo na importância da consideração do educando como sujeito em processo de ensino e aprendizagem e em sua relação coletiva em ambiente favorável para a troca e para a construções culturais. Em particular, destacamos também os aspectos sensíveis relacionados à expressão e à identidade em obra, que qualificam decisivamente o desenvolvimento especializado da linguagem da moda em seu contexto histórico e cultural / This work addresses the study and analysis of the creative process in fashion teaching and learning. It aims to understanding its importance and its development in this complex specialty design. So we direct our efforts to the development of creative teaching in Brazilian fashion at the higher education. As reference we consider the history, experience and recognized quality of teaching and learning process developed in the course of fashion design of IUAV - University of Venice in Italy, highlighting the quality and modernity of the case of Venice. With the results from the analysis, we reiterate the fundamental character of the creative process in the design and development of products and fashion services, but especially in the importance of considering the student as a subject in teaching and learning process and his collective relationship in environment favorable for the exchange and for the cultural constructions. In particular, we also highlight the sensitive issues related to the expression and identity in work, which decisively qualify the specialized development of the language of fashion in their historical and cultural context

Abstract Until now, there has not been a performance history of The Merchant of Venice that focuses on Portia, the main character of the play. Although she has the most lines, the most stage time, and represents the nexus of the action, Portia has often been hidden in Shylock's shadow, and this dissertation seeks to bring her into the spotlight. The Portia Project is a contribution to literary and theatrical history; its primary goal is to provide a tool for scholars and teachers. Moreover, because of Merchant's notoriously problematic nature, the play invites different perspectives. By presenting the diverse ways that actors and directors have approached the play and resolved the cruxes associated with Portia, I aim to demonstrate that there are multiple valid ways in which to interpret the text. Chapter one explores the literary criticism of The Merchant of Venice, centering on the treatment of the play's female protagonist. The early twentieth century produced wide-ranging interpretations of Portia, and the last fifty years have seen her analyzed through the lenses of feminism, cultural materialism, psychoanalytic criticism, and queer theory. Having analyzed the literary criticism, I next concentrate on the performance history of The Merchant of Venice, with particular attention to Portia. I then turn to those who have performed the role in a wide-range of theatrical venues. Chapter three features the input of Seana McKenna--star of the Canadian stage and a mainstay of the Stratford Festival in Ontario--who played Portia in a 1989 production. Michael Langham directed in an atmosphere of trepidation over the play's reception and its portrayal of Shylock's forced conversion. For chapter four I interviewed Marni Penning, a veteran of the smaller repertory companies that are sprinkled about the United States. For chapter five I talked to Edward Hall, artistic director of the all-male Propeller Theatre Company, and Kelsey Brookfield, a young black actor who played Portia for the group's 2009 production. By dressing all of the "male" characters alike, Hall de-emphasized the differences between the Christians and the Jews, while Portia, Nerissa, and Jessica were presented not as women, but as men, who have feminized themselves to survive in their harsh environment. Lily Rabe played Portia for the 2010 production of Merchant in Central Park, opposite Al Pacino's Shylock. The production was so successful that it moved to Broadway in October of that year, and Rabe's intelligent portrayal won universal accolades. The Portia Project explores the perceptions of literary critics, theatrical reviewers, actors, and directors, in order to ascertain how representations and expectations of Shakespeare's most learned heroine have changed over the years and to rescue her from Shylock's shadow. By combining the disciplines of literary criticism, theatre, and film, an evolving picture of Portia emerges, revealing Portia's complexity and her centrality to The Merchant of Venice.

In 17th century Italy, the trend toward small sacred concertato forms precipitated the publication of a number of volumes devoted exclusively to sacred solo vocal music. Several of these, including the Ghirlanda sacra (Gardano, 1625) and Motetti a voce sola (Gardano, 1645) contain sacred solo motets by some of the best Italian composers of the period. Venetian composers were at the forefront of the move toward the smaller concertato forms and, to fulfill various needs of church musicians, wrote in an increasingly virtuoso style intended to highlight the solo voice. This study traces the development of the solo motet in the sacred works of Venetian composers from the time of Monteverdi to Vivaldi. It revolves around sacred solo motets composed at Saint Marks and the Venetian ospedali (orphanages). It includes works of Alessandro Grandi, Claudio Monteverdi, Francesco Cavalli, and Antonio Vivaldi. It also deals with solo motets of lesser composers whose works are available in modern critical and performing editions or in recently published facsimiles. In addition to providing a more detailed survey of the genre than has been previously available, this study provides an overview of highly performable (but largely neglected) repertoire.

In its introduction and four chapters, this project demonstrates that Shakespeare responded to—and powerfully shaped—the early modern English literary marketplace. Against the longstanding critical limitation of the category “Literature” that restricts it to the printed book, this dissertation argues that the literary is not so much a quality of texts as a mode of exchange encompassing not merely printed books but many other forms of representation. Whether writing for the stage, the page, or both, Shakespeare borrowed from and influenced other writers, and it is these specifically formal transactions that make his works literary. Thus, we can understand Shakespeare’s literariness only by scrutinizing the formal features of his works and showing how they circulated in an economy of imaginative writing. Shakespeare self-consciously refashioned words, styles, metrical forms, and figures of speech even as he traded in them, quickly cornering the literary market between 1595 and 1600. Shakespeare’s practice as a writer thus preceded and made possible his reputation both in the theater and in print. / text

Orientadores: Paulo Mugayar Kuhl, Mônica Isabel Lucas / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T01:07:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tettamanti_GiuliadaRocha_M.pdf: 42172103 bytes, checksum: f502c487c17a7304737c2e7b6623a378 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Este trabalho consiste no estudo e tradução da Obra Intitulada Fontegara de Silvestro Ganassi dal Fontego, tocador da Ilustríssima Senhoria de Veneza. A obra, que consiste no primeiro tratado completo e detalhado sobre a flauta doce e sobre a arte da diminuição, foi impressa pelo próprio autor em 1535 e dedicada ao Doge Andrea Gritti. Para uma compreensão abrangente do assunto, viu-se necessário levantar dados da biografia do autor, ainda escassos e dispersos, a fim de compreender melhor sua participação dentro do ambiente cultural veneziano da primeira metade do século XVI. A este respeito descobriu-se uma importante contribuição do autor como auctoritas músico-pintor da preceptiva pictórica veneziana quinhentista. Além disso, a dedicatória ao Doge, assim como os elementos especulativos inseridos no tratado coligam a Fontegara ao programa político cultural instaurado por Gritti e destinado ao resgate do Mito de Veneza após as derrotas sofridas durante as guerras contra a Liga de Cambrai. Após a tradução, viu-se necessário também a inclusão de um capítulo destinado a esclarecer os diversos pontos duvidosos do texto, assim como fornecer o repertório adequado para a compreensão da terminologia utilizada pelo autor e dos elementos da Musica Prattica do século XVI contidos na obra / Abstract: This work consists in a study and a translation of the treatise Opera Intitulata Fontegara, written by Silvestro Ganassi dal Fontego, player of the Most Illustrious Signoria of Venice. This treatise is the first complete and detailed work about recorder technique and the art of diminution. It was printed by the author himself in 1535 and dedicated to Andrea Gritti, doge of Venice at the time. For a comprehensive understanding of this subject, it was made necessary to gather data about the author's biography, still scarce and diffuse, for a better understanding of his contribution to the cultural environment in the first half of Venetian 16th century. To this respect, I found in my research an important contribution of Ganassi as both musician and painter auctoritas from the Venetian painting preceptive in the 16th century. Furthermore, the dedicatory to the Doge, as well as the speculative elements inside the treatise, associate Fontegara to the political and cultural program created by Gritti and designated to recover the Mith of Venice, after the wars of the League of Cambrai. After the translation, it was also made necessary to insert a chapter aimed at clarifying the various unreliable points in the original text, as well as providing the adequate repertory to understand the author's terminology and the elements from the 16th Century Musica Prattica inside the book / Mestrado / Fundamentos Teoricos / Mestre em Música

Trata-se de estudo e análise sobre o processo criativo no ensino e aprendizagem da moda, com vistas à compreensão de sua importância e de seu desenvolvimento nessa complexa especialidade do design. Visamos assim nossos esforços ao desenvolvimento da didática criadora na moda brasileira em nível superior. Como referência consideramos a história, a experiência e a qualidade reconhecida do processo de ensino e aprendizagem desenvolvido do curso de design de moda da universidade Iuav de Venezia na Itália, destacando-se a qualidade e modernidade do caso de Veneza. Com os resultados obtidos de análise, reiteramos o caráter fundamental do processo criativo na concepção e no de desenvolvimento de produtos e serviços da moda, mas sobretudo na importância da consideração do educando como sujeito em processo de ensino e aprendizagem e em sua relação coletiva em ambiente favorável para a troca e para a construções culturais. Em particular, destacamos também os aspectos sensíveis relacionados à expressão e à identidade em obra, que qualificam decisivamente o desenvolvimento especializado da linguagem da moda em seu contexto histórico e cultural / This work addresses the study and analysis of the creative process in fashion teaching and learning. It aims to understanding its importance and its development in this complex specialty design. So we direct our efforts to the development of creative teaching in Brazilian fashion at the higher education. As reference we consider the history, experience and recognized quality of teaching and learning process developed in the course of fashion design of IUAV - University of Venice in Italy, highlighting the quality and modernity of the case of Venice. With the results from the analysis, we reiterate the fundamental character of the creative process in the design and development of products and fashion services, but especially in the importance of considering the student as a subject in teaching and learning process and his collective relationship in environment favorable for the exchange and for the cultural constructions. In particular, we also highlight the sensitive issues related to the expression and identity in work, which decisively qualify the specialized development of the language of fashion in their historical and cultural context