Submitted by Renata Andreoni Barboza (renatabarboza@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-14T20:12:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE FINAL RENATA ANDREONI.pdf: 2531843 bytes, checksum: 632b5dfe6d64bd3519d96bdd95c7216c (MD5) / Rejected by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br), reason: Bom dia Renata, Para que possamos aceitar seu trabalho é necessário fazer apenas uma mudança. Não pode aparecer a numeração de pagina até a lista de figuras. Apos as alterações fazer novamente a postagem. Qualquer duvida estamos a disposição, Att Pâmela Tonsa on 2017-03-16T15:15:54Z (GMT) / Submitted by Renata Andreoni Barboza (renatabarboza@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-16T18:02:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE FINAL RENATA ANDREONI BARBOZA.pdf: 2509323 bytes, checksum: 79af9e44c09e5c3940fcedd53d4cd77a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2017-03-16T18:11:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE FINAL RENATA ANDREONI BARBOZA.pdf: 2509323 bytes, checksum: 79af9e44c09e5c3940fcedd53d4cd77a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-17T13:13:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE FINAL RENATA ANDREONI BARBOZA.pdf: 2509323 bytes, checksum: 79af9e44c09e5c3940fcedd53d4cd77a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-23 / Esta tese tem como objetivo oferecer uma melhor compreensão do movimento social de consumidores vegetarianos e veganos, e sintetiza os resultados de três estudos que, juntos, cumprem o duplo objetivo de analisar a revolução na videografia e a exclusão de mercado. No primeiro estudo, discute-se o papel central da exclusão de mercado no movimento social vegetariano na cidade de São Paulo e descreve o compromisso dos vegetarianos com base em suas formas individualizadas de participação e seu foco na mudança cultural. O segundo estudo desta tese apresenta o método videográfico e discute sua aplicação à prática da pesquisa acadêmica e de mercado, apresentando um protocolo que resume a compreensão rica e detalhada deste método na prática. O terceiro estudo é uma videografia já publicada, que utiliza a realistic conflict theory para observar como diferentes tipos de pessoas ligadas ao universo do vegetarianismo e veganismo lidam com conflitos dentro e fora do movimento e como esses conflitos afetam a dinâmica do mercado. Os dados baseiam-se em 12 meses de trabalho de imersão etnográfica, com visitas a 18 eventos vegetarianos, cinco demonstrações públicas nas ruas e visitas regulares a cinco restaurantes veganos, para observar e conversar com vegetarianos e veganos no local. Foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com 6 ovo-lacto-vegetarianos e 27 veganos. O artigo conclui com uma discussão das principais contribuições teóricas, implicações gerenciais, implicações para as políticas públicas, assim como com indicações de limitações e sugestões para pesquisas futuras. / This dissertation aims to provide an improved understanding of the social consumer movement of vegetarians and vegans, while it summarizes the results of three studies that, taken together, fulfill the twin objectives of analyzing the revolution in videography and analyzing marketplace exclusion. In the first study, the central role of marketplace exclusion in the social consumer movement of vegetarianism in the city of São Paulo is discussed, and the commitment of vegetarians based on their individualized forms of participation and their focus on cultural change is described. The second study of this dissertation discusses the technique of videography and its application to the practice of academic and market research, presenting a protocol that summarizes the rich and detailed understanding of this method in practice. The third study is an example of a published videography that uses realistic conflict theory to observe how different types of people connected with vegetarianism and veganism deal with conflicts within and outside the movement and how these conflicts affects market dynamics. The data are based on 12 months of ethnographic immersion fieldwork that involved visits to 18 vegetarian events, five public demonstrations on the street, and regular visits to five different vegan restaurants, in order to observe and talk to vegetarians and vegans on-site. Extended interviews were conducted with 6 ovo-lacto vegetarians and 27 vegans. The paper concludes with a discussion of the main theoretical contributions, managerial implications, implications for public policy, and limitations and suggestions for further research.

O presente estudo tem por objetivo fornecer uma maior compreensão acerca do que motiva o comportamento de compra de coleção, utilizando como objeto de estudo, os colecionadores de discos de vinil da cidade de Porto Alegre. A questão central de pesquisa pode ser definida como: quais as causas motivadoras do consumo de discos vinil? A importância do estudo se justifica devido ao fato da existência de lacunas nos estudos sobre comportamento de consumo de coleção e sobre a tendência nostálgica influenciando o consumo. Acima de tudo, um colecionador é um consumidor, é baseado nessa premissa que se desenvolve este estudo. Tal escolha se deve ao fato de que esse tipo de produto é um produto de especialidade, que se difere de um produto comum por uma série de características (HOYER E MACINNIS, 1997) e também ao “significado pessoal” (SCHIFFMAN E KANUK, 2000) que o consumidor muitas vezes atribui a esse tipo de produto, tornando-o um objeto de estudo mais pertinente e rico em informações. O tipo de coleção escolhida permite que também se aborde o tema do comportamento de compra com tendência nostálgica. Acredita-se que o resultado alcançado com esta pesquisa seja pertinente por ter utilizado ao longo de seu desenvolvimento heavy-users e comerciantes peritos de um bem de especialidade como objetos de estudos, além de ter utilizado uma pesquisa multimetodológica, que permite que o conjunto de resultados alcançados seja mais compreensivo (ELALI, 1997). As diferentes etapas realizadas: observação simples, realização de entrevistas em profundidade filmadas, incluindo a utilização da técnica do incidente crítico e por fim, análise dos resultados, montagem e finalização da vídeo-etnografia permitem que se façam inferências sobre a amostra estudada. Os resultados alcançados indicam que alguns dos colecionadores parecem verdadeiramente estar deslocados no tempo e fora da realidade em que estão inseridos. Não vivem a correria do mundo moderno, mas sim aproveitam para se dedicar aos seus discos favoritos. A maioria dos colecionadores analisados possui um sentimento de nostalgia para com seus discos, mas, acima de tudo, o sentimento de envolvimento que se cria ao longo dos anos entre o colecionador e a coleção é algo indissolúvel. Em qualquer momento da vida, a coleção funciona como um porto-seguro para o colecionador, que talvez não possa ser representado por nenhum outro objeto ou até mesmo pessoa. Enfim, são pessoas que amam seus objetos demasiadamente, e tendo-os como uma extensão de sua personalidade. / The present study aims at gathering a higher comprehension about the motivation of collector behavior, using as study subjects the vinyl record collectors of Porto Alegre. The central question of this research can be defined as: What are the causes that motivate vinyl record consumption? The study importance is justified due to the fact that there are gaps to be filled in the studies of collector behavior as well as in nostalgic tendencies influencing consumption. Above all, a collector is a consumer, is based on this premise this study was developed. Such choice is due to the fact that this product is a specialty product, which differs itself from a common product by a series of characteristics (HOYER E MACINNIS, 1997) and also due to the “personal meaning” (SCHIFFMAN E KANUK, 2000) that the consumer attributes to this kind of product, creating an object of study more pertinent and richer in information. The kind of collection chosen allows also the approach of studies on nostalgic consumer behavior. It is believed that the results of this research are pertinent due to the subjects interviewed: heavy-users and expert dealers, besides the use of a multimethodological approach, which allows that the joint results gathered to be more comprehensive (ELALI, 1997). The different stages accomplished: simple observation, recorded in-depth interviews, including the usage of critical incident technique, editing and finishing of the videography allows to develop inferences on the sample analyzed. The results indicate that some collectors really seem to be out of the time and the reality which surrounds them. They do not live the daily rush of the modern world, instead, they enjoy their spare time to dedicate to their favorite records. Most collectors posses a nostalgic feeling to their records, but, above all, the felling of involvement created with the passage of the years between the collectors and the collection is something unsolvable. In any moment of their lives the collection can be seen as a safe harbor, which perhaps cannot be found in any other object or even in a person. Moreover, they are persons whom love this objects with fervor and that found in them an extension of their personality.

O presente estudo tem por objetivo fornecer uma maior compreensão acerca do que motiva o comportamento de compra de coleção, utilizando como objeto de estudo, os colecionadores de discos de vinil da cidade de Porto Alegre. A questão central de pesquisa pode ser definida como: quais as causas motivadoras do consumo de discos vinil? A importância do estudo se justifica devido ao fato da existência de lacunas nos estudos sobre comportamento de consumo de coleção e sobre a tendência nostálgica influenciando o consumo. Acima de tudo, um colecionador é um consumidor, é baseado nessa premissa que se desenvolve este estudo. Tal escolha se deve ao fato de que esse tipo de produto é um produto de especialidade, que se difere de um produto comum por uma série de características (HOYER E MACINNIS, 1997) e também ao “significado pessoal” (SCHIFFMAN E KANUK, 2000) que o consumidor muitas vezes atribui a esse tipo de produto, tornando-o um objeto de estudo mais pertinente e rico em informações. O tipo de coleção escolhida permite que também se aborde o tema do comportamento de compra com tendência nostálgica. Acredita-se que o resultado alcançado com esta pesquisa seja pertinente por ter utilizado ao longo de seu desenvolvimento heavy-users e comerciantes peritos de um bem de especialidade como objetos de estudos, além de ter utilizado uma pesquisa multimetodológica, que permite que o conjunto de resultados alcançados seja mais compreensivo (ELALI, 1997). As diferentes etapas realizadas: observação simples, realização de entrevistas em profundidade filmadas, incluindo a utilização da técnica do incidente crítico e por fim, análise dos resultados, montagem e finalização da vídeo-etnografia permitem que se façam inferências sobre a amostra estudada. Os resultados alcançados indicam que alguns dos colecionadores parecem verdadeiramente estar deslocados no tempo e fora da realidade em que estão inseridos. Não vivem a correria do mundo moderno, mas sim aproveitam para se dedicar aos seus discos favoritos. A maioria dos colecionadores analisados possui um sentimento de nostalgia para com seus discos, mas, acima de tudo, o sentimento de envolvimento que se cria ao longo dos anos entre o colecionador e a coleção é algo indissolúvel. Em qualquer momento da vida, a coleção funciona como um porto-seguro para o colecionador, que talvez não possa ser representado por nenhum outro objeto ou até mesmo pessoa. Enfim, são pessoas que amam seus objetos demasiadamente, e tendo-os como uma extensão de sua personalidade. / The present study aims at gathering a higher comprehension about the motivation of collector behavior, using as study subjects the vinyl record collectors of Porto Alegre. The central question of this research can be defined as: What are the causes that motivate vinyl record consumption? The study importance is justified due to the fact that there are gaps to be filled in the studies of collector behavior as well as in nostalgic tendencies influencing consumption. Above all, a collector is a consumer, is based on this premise this study was developed. Such choice is due to the fact that this product is a specialty product, which differs itself from a common product by a series of characteristics (HOYER E MACINNIS, 1997) and also due to the “personal meaning” (SCHIFFMAN E KANUK, 2000) that the consumer attributes to this kind of product, creating an object of study more pertinent and richer in information. The kind of collection chosen allows also the approach of studies on nostalgic consumer behavior. It is believed that the results of this research are pertinent due to the subjects interviewed: heavy-users and expert dealers, besides the use of a multimethodological approach, which allows that the joint results gathered to be more comprehensive (ELALI, 1997). The different stages accomplished: simple observation, recorded in-depth interviews, including the usage of critical incident technique, editing and finishing of the videography allows to develop inferences on the sample analyzed. The results indicate that some collectors really seem to be out of the time and the reality which surrounds them. They do not live the daily rush of the modern world, instead, they enjoy their spare time to dedicate to their favorite records. Most collectors posses a nostalgic feeling to their records, but, above all, the felling of involvement created with the passage of the years between the collectors and the collection is something unsolvable. In any moment of their lives the collection can be seen as a safe harbor, which perhaps cannot be found in any other object or even in a person. Moreover, they are persons whom love this objects with fervor and that found in them an extension of their personality.

A referida pesquisa tem como finalidade usar ferramentas de geotecnologias para mapear a distribuição espacial do campo térmico da cidade de Piracicaba, SP e comparar os diferentes tipos de superfícies urbanas. Foram feitas coletas de temperatura em 3 áreas distintas, em determinados horários, na estação do verão e inverno. Nesses pontos de coleta de temperatura foram criados polígonos circulares e por meio desses polígonos circulares foram retirados das imagens de alta resolução da videografia aérea multiespectral, utilizando a técnica de classificação supervisionada foram separados as porcentagens dos diferentes tipos das superfícies urbanas. Foram feitas comparações com imagens térmicas, e correlacionadas com pixels retirados do NDVI (Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada) das imagens multiespectrais da videografia aérea multiespectral, os resultados obtidos do R2=0,68. Outras comparações foram realizadas com as temperaturas coletadas e com cenas da banda 6 do Satélite Landsat 5. Para transformação das cenas, foi utilizado o algoritmo de transformação do software IDRISI 3.2. Foi possível obter mapas temáticos com valores da temperatura radiante da superfície urbana da cidade de Piracicaba. Os resultados obtidos pela comparação entre as classes de cobertura, copa de árvore e a temperatura foram satisfatórios obtendo-se um R2 de 0,56 para polígonos circulares de 50 metros, outros resultados como lago/lagoa o R2 foi 0,72 e para sombra 0,24. Com a evolução dos recursos de geotecnologia, sensoriamento remoto, sistema de informações geográficas, informações mais detalhadas serão obtidas do tecido urbano. / This research aims to use tools to map the geo-spatial distribution of thermal field in Piracicaba, SP, and compare the different types of urban surfaces. Samples were performed in temperature in 3 different areas, at certain times, in the summer season and winter. These collection points were set up temperature circular polygons and polygons through these circulars were derived from images of high resolution multispectral aerial videography, using the technique of supervised classification were separated from the percentages of different types of urban surfaces. Comparisons were made with thermal imaging and correlated with pixels taken from NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) the multispectral images of multispectral aerial videography, the results of R2 = 0,68. Other comparisons were made with the temperatures collected and scenes of the band 6 of Landsat 5 (TM). For processing the scenes, we used the algorithm processing software IDRISI 3.2. It was possible to obtain thematic maps with radiant values temperature of the surface of the town of Piracicaba. The results obtained by comparing the classes of coverage, and canopy temperature were adequate to yield an R2 of 0,56 for circular polygons of 50 meters, other results such as lake/pond R2 was 0,72 and for shade 0,24. With the development of resources of geotechnology, remote sensing, geographic information system, more detailed information will be obtained from the urban fabric.

A presente tese propõe uma metodologia de vídeo-mapeamento móvel georreferenciado a partir do desenvolvimento de protótipos que utilizam uma Interface de Geovisualização Multimídia para sincronizar o registro (em vídeo) de um local ou evento de interesse com a rota percorrida pelo veículo de inspeção (sobre mapa ou imagem), através da coleta de dados por sensores móveis: câmera digital, microfone, receptor GNSS e bússola digital. A interface permite a integração desses sensores com os atuais serviços de mapas digitais disponíveis na web. Sistemas como esse melhoram significativamente as análises temporais, a gestão e a tomada de decisão. A interface proposta e desenvolvida no presente trabalho é útil para muitas aplicações como ferramenta de monitoramento e inventário. Esta interface pode ser entendida como o componente visual de um sistema de mapeamento móvel ou como um sistema cartográfico alternativo ou complementar, para aplicações em que a precisão geométrica do receptor GNSS, na modalidade de navegação, é suficiente e sua acessibilidade, um fator competitivo. As aplicações desenvolvidas no presente trabalho foram duas: um sistema de monitoramento e inventário de placas de sinalização viária e um sistema de monitoramento de cheias/secas e inventário de propriedades na borda de reservatórios de hidroelétricas, ambos em pleno funcionamento. / This thesis proposes a methodology of geo-referenced mobile video-mapping from the development of prototypes that use a Geovisualization Multimedia Interface to synchronize the record (on video) of a place or event of interest to the route traveled by the inspection vehicle (on map or image), by collecting data from mobile sensors: digital camera, microphone, GNSS receiver and digital compass. The interface allows the integration of these sensors with existing digital maps available in web services. Systems such as this significantly improves the temporal analysis, management and decision making. The interface proposed and developed in this study is useful for many applications such as monitoring and inventory tool. This interface can be understood as the visual component of a mobile mapping system or mapping system as an alternative or complement, for applications in which the geometric precision of the GNSS navigation receiver is sufficient and its accessibility, a competitive factor. Applications developed in this study were twofold: a monitoring system and inventory road sign posts and a monitoring system of flood / drought and inventory of properties on the edge of hydroelectric reservoirs, both in full operation.

Die Einleitung beschreibt das Konzept des Symposions und des Buchs zusammen mit Grundlinien der Situation der Musikdidaktik bzw. Musikpädagogik in Deutschland. Ein zweiter Abschnitt gibt Zusammenfassungen der Beiträge und zeigt Querverbindungen, ein dritter Abschnitt skizziert die Themen und Struktur der drei Diskussionsrunden („Fishbowls“) zwischen jeweils 3-4 Autoren des Buchs und der letzte Abschnitt gibt Anregungen für die Arbeit mit dem Material, insbesondere den DVDs (die jede Stunde aus drei Kamerawinkeln zeigen). / The introduction describes the concept of the symposion and the book together with some baselines of the situation of music didactics in germany. A second part gives summaries of the articles and connections between them, a third part is about the three discussions (“fishbowls”) between the authors of the book and the last part offers suggestions how to work with the material, specially the DVDs (which show each lesson with three camera-angles).

In der soziologischen, philosophischen, kulturwissenschaftlichen und erziehungswissenschaftlichen Forschung ist in den letzten Jahrzehnten ein starkes Interesse für Aufmerksamkeit zu verzeichnen, eine gestiegene Aufmerksamkeit für Aufmerksamkeit, die sich nicht zuletzt in einer steigenden Zahl von empirischen Studien, insbesondere im Schulunterricht, niederschlägt. Mithilfe der pädagogisch-phänomenologischen Videographie geht die vorliegende Arbeit mit ihrem Anspruch allerdings über eine empirisch-videographische Studie zur Aufmerksamkeit hinaus. Sie bietet zudem eine Reflexion darauf, wie unterrichtliche Aufmerksamkeit als nicht unmittelbar sichtbare pädagogische Erfahrung und Praxis sowie als pädagogisches Phänomen methodisch angemessen und gehaltvoll beschrieben, tentativ angenähert und zugänglich gemacht, produktiv interpretiert und analysiert werden kann, ohne diese auf Verhalten zu reduzieren; denn die pädagogisch-phänomenologische Videographie setzt die pädagogische Erfahrung, genauer gesagt die leibliche, intersubjektive, vor-sprachliche, vor-reflexive, vor-prädikative Aufmerksamkeitserfahrung der Lernenden und Lehrenden in den Mittelpunkt. Außerdem bietet diese Arbeit in Anlehnung an die Theorien der Aufmerksamkeit von Waldenfels und Meyer-Drawe eine phänomenologische Theorie der Aufmerksamkeit, die sich historisch orientiert, mit unterschiedlichen Diskursen auseinandersetzt und diese pädagogisch konkretisiert. Diese Theorie geht über die kognitive Perspektive heraus und bezeichnet Aufmerksamkeit als ein Zwischengeschehen, das weder eindeutig auf das Subjekt noch eindeutig auf das Objekt zurückgeführt. Nicht zuletzt liefert die Arbeit noch eine interkulturelle Perspektive auf chinesischen und deutschen Schulunterricht, mit der Aufmerksamkeit interkulturell beschrieben und in unterschiedlichen Praxen verglichen werden. / In sociological, philosophical, cultural studies, and educational research, the topic of attention has received a great deal of interest and attention in recent decades, which is reflected in an increasing number of empirical studies, especially in the school classroom. however, with pedagogical-phenomenological videography, which focuses on the pedagogical experience, more precisely on the bodily, intersubjective, pre-linguistic, pre-reflexive, pre-predicative attentional experience of the students and teachers, this dissertation goes beyond an empirical videographic study of attention. It also offers a reflection on how attention as a not directly visible pedagogical experience and practice as well as a pedagogical phenomenon can be methodologically appropriately described, tentatively approached and made accessible, productively interpreted and analyzed. Furthermore, following the attention theories of Waldenfels and Meyer-Drawe, this thesis offers a phenomenological theory of attention that is historically oriented, engages with different discourses, and concretizes them pedagogically. According to this theory, this paper will go beyond the cognitive conception of attention and consider attention as an 'in-between event' that cannot be unambiguously attributed to neither the subject nor the object. Last but not least, the paper provides an intercultural perspective on school teaching in China and Germany. With this perspective, attention is described interculturally and compared in different practices.

Eine Stunde im Licht verschiedener Theorien: Musikdidaktiker aus deutschen Hochschulen bzw. Universitäten betrachten eine exemplarische Musikstunde und machen mit deren Hilfe ihre Positionen deutlich. Dabei wird ein Kreis musikdidaktischer Perspektiven sichtbar, die über das gemeinsame Beispiel aufeinander bezogen werden können, sodass eine Kartierung gegenwärtiger Musikdidaktik entsteht. Das war die Ausgangsidee. Im Zentrum der Leipziger Tagung standen drei vielfältig dokumentierte Musikstunden aus verschiedenen Bundesländern, auf die sich zwölf Didaktiker bezogen. Sie konnten jede Stunde aus drei Kameraperspektiven betrachten, dazu hatten sie Leitfadeninterviews mit den Lehr-Lern-Akteuren. Nach jeweils vier Vorträgen trafen die Referierenden in Fishbowl-Diskussionen aufeinander, in denen das Publikum einen eigenen Platz hatte. Diese Diskussionen liegen, auf die zentralen Aussagen gekürzt, zusammen mit den Beiträgen vor. Die Stunden-DVDs, Beispielausschnitte der Autoren und Interview-Transkriptionen liegen der Printausgabe des Bandes bei. Die von den Autoren detailliert besprochenen Video-Ausschnitte sind in der hier vorliegenden elektronischen Ausgabe mit dem Text verlinkt. / A lesson in the light of different theories: experts on music education from German universities observe a typical music lesson and use it to explain their positions. This shows us a range of perspectives on music education which can be related to one another through the shared example, thus creating a map of current musical education theories. That was the original idea. At the centre of the Leipzig conference were three well-documented music lessons from different parts of Germany, which twelve educationalists referred to. They were able to observe each lesson from three different camera perspectives, and there were also guiding interviews with both teachers and learners. After every four presentations the speakers met in fishbowl discussions which were open to the audience. Abridged versions of these discussions are included alongside the essays. The DVDs of the lessons, sample excerpts from the speakers, and transcriptions of the interviews accompany the volume.

Die Dissertation untersucht Leistungserwartungen von Lehrkräften. Teilstudie 1 und 2 gehen der Frage nach, welche Merkmale von Schüler*innen Lehrkräfte in ihre Erwartungen an die Leistungen von Lernenden einbeziehen. Teilstudie 3 untersucht, welche Bedeutung inakkurat hohe oder niedrige Leistungserwartungen von Lehrkräften für ihr unterrichtliches Handeln und für die Leistungsentwicklungen der Lernenden haben. Die Analysen basieren auf Daten der Längsschnittstudie „Kompetenzerwerb und Lernvoraussetzungen“, an der im Schuljahr 2013/2014 insgesamt 1065 Schüler*innen aus 64 ersten Grundschulklassen teilgenommen haben. Teilstudie 1 ergab, dass Erwartungen von Lehrkräften an die sprachlichen und mathematischen Leistungen von Erstklässler*innen in Abhängigkeit vom ethnischen Hintergrund, sozialen Hintergrund und Geschlecht der Lernenden variieren. Diese Unterschiede blieben zum Teil auch nach Kontrolle der Ausgangsfähigkeiten und selbsteingeschätzten Motivation der Schüler*innen bestehen und kennzeichnen daher Verzerrungen. Den Ergebnissen von Teilstudie 2 zufolge gehen solche sozialen und geschlechtsbezogenen Verzerrungen zum Teil auf Lehrkrafteinschätzungen der Motivation und des Arbeitsverhaltens zurück. Ethnische Verzerrungen bestanden hingegen unabhängig von diesen Lehrkrafteinschätzungen. Dass inakkurat hohe oder niedrige Leistungserwartungen die Leistungsentwicklung von Lernenden bereits im ersten Grundschuljahr beeinflussen können, zeigten die Ergebnisse der Teilstudie 3. Die zugehörige Videostudie ergab, dass sich inakkurate Leistungserwartungen von Lehrkräften in ihrem Feedbackverhalten niederschlagen. Eine bedeutsame Mediation der Erwartungseffekte durch das Feedback ließ sich aber nicht nachweisen. Die Befunde der Dissertation sind für die pädagogische Praxis sehr relevant. Sie sprechen einerseits für den Vorteil hoher Erwartungen und sensibilisieren andererseits für das Risiko verzerrender Einflüsse von Hintergrundmerkmalen der Schüler*innen. / The dissertation deals with teacher expectations for student achievement. The first two studies investigate student characteristics teachers rely on when forming their achievement expectations. Study 3 investigates the associations of inaccurately high or low teacher expectations with their teaching behavior and students’ subsequent achievement development. The analyses are based on data from the longitudinal research project “competence acquisition and learning preconditions” in which 1065 students from 64 first grade classes participated in the school year 2013/2014. Study 1 revealed that teachers’ expectations for students’ language and mathematics achievement differed depending on students’ ethnic background, social background and gender. These differences partly persisted even after controlling for students’ actual achievement, general cognitive abilities and motivation, and therefore indicate biased expectations. The results of study 2 showed that social bias and gender bias in teacher expectations were partly due to differences in teachers’ perceptions of students’ motivation and learning behavior. Ethnic bias, however, appeared independent of these teacher perceptions. The results of study 3 support the assumption that inaccurately high or low teacher expectations may result in self-fulfilling prophecies and influence students’ achievement development as early as in the first school grade. The video study of study 3 further revealed that inaccurately high or low teacher expectations may result in different teacher feedback for the students. Teacher feedback, however, did not substantially mediate teacher expectancy effects on student achievement. The results of the present dissertation are of great relevance for educational practice. First, they highlight the advantages of high expectations and, second, they sensitize for biasing influences of student background characteristics.

Eine Stunde im Licht verschiedener Theorien: Musikdidaktiker aus deutschen Hochschulen bzw. Universitäten betrachten eine exemplarische Musikstunde und machen mit deren Hilfe ihre Positionen deutlich. Dabei wird ein Kreis musikdidaktischer Perspektiven sichtbar, die über das gemeinsame Beispiel aufeinander bezogen werden können, sodass eine Kartierung gegenwärtiger Musikdidaktik entsteht. Das war die Ausgangsidee. Im Zentrum der Leipziger Tagung standen drei vielfältig dokumentierte Musikstunden aus verschiedenen Bundesländern, auf die sich zwölf Didaktiker bezogen. Sie konnten jede Stunde aus drei Kameraperspektiven betrachten, dazu hatten sie Leitfadeninterviews mit den Lehr-Lern-Akteuren. Nach jeweils vier Vorträgen trafen die Referierenden in Fishbowl-Diskussionen aufeinander, in denen das Publikum einen eigenen Platz hatte. Diese Diskussionen liegen, auf die zentralen Aussagen gekürzt, zusammen mit den Beiträgen vor. Die Stunden-DVDs, Beispielausschnitte der Autoren und Interview-Transkriptionen liegen der Printausgabe des Bandes bei. Die von den Autoren detailliert besprochenen Video-Ausschnitte sind in der hier vorliegenden elektronischen Ausgabe mit dem Text verlinkt. / A lesson in the light of different theories: experts on music education from German universities observe a typical music lesson and use it to explain their positions. This shows us a range of perspectives on music education which can be related to one another through the shared example, thus creating a map of current musical education theories. That was the original idea. At the centre of the Leipzig conference were three well-documented music lessons from different parts of Germany, which twelve educationalists referred to. They were able to observe each lesson from three different camera perspectives, and there were also guiding interviews with both teachers and learners. After every four presentations the speakers met in fishbowl discussions which were open to the audience. Abridged versions of these discussions are included alongside the essays. The DVDs of the lessons, sample excerpts from the speakers, and transcriptions of the interviews accompany the volume.