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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Determinación del perfil de sensibilidad in vitro frente a antifúngicos en Candida spp. aisladas de flujo vaginal

Carlos Ríos, Jhon Emerson, Rodriguez Saavedra, Magaly January 2006 (has links)
Aisla, identifica y determina el perfil de sensibilidad in vitro frente a antifúngicos de especies del género Candida aisladas de flujo vaginal. Se aislaron 60 cepas de Candida de 300 pacientes con vulvovaginitis atendidos por consulta externa en el servicio de ginecología del Hospital “Dos de Mayo” de la ciudad de Lima – Perú. Los estudios de aislamiento, identificación y determinación de la Concentración Mínima Inhibitoria (CMI) fueron realizados en el Instituto de Investigación de Química Biológica, Microbiología y Biotecnología “Marco Antonio Garrido Malo” de la facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Las especies aisladas fueron Candida albicans 45 (75%), Candida glabrata 7 (11,6%), Candida tropicalis 6 (10%), Candida krusei 1 (1,7%) y Candida parapsilosis 1 (1,7%). Dichas especies se identificaron según procedimientos estándares, se utilizó CHROMagar Candida® y se realizó la prueba del tubo germinal para la identificación presuntiva; la identificación definitiva se realizó mediante asimilación (Auxonograma) y fermentación de carbohidratos (Zimograma). Los valores de CMI obtenidos in vitro mediante la técnica de microdilución en caldo, estandarizada por el National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, M27-A2), oscilaron en el rango de 0.5 a 16 µg/mL para fluconazol, de 0.03 a 0.125 µg/mL para ketoconazol y de 0.03 a 0.25 µg/mL para la anfotericina B. Estos resultados indican que las especies de Candida estudiadas, son significativamente sensibles frente a los azoles (fluconazol y ketoconazol) y a la anfotericina B. / Tesis
2

Avaliação da eficácia do fitoterápico a base de Cymbopogon citratus Stapf em candidiase vaginal : estudo controlado, cego e randomizado / Evaluation of the efficacy of a Cymbopogon citratus Stapf. phytotherapeutic medicine in vaginal candidiasis : a controled, blind and randomized study

Dias, Oswaldo José Queiroz January 2014 (has links)
DIAS, Oswaldo José Queiroz. Avaliação da eficácia do fitoterápico a base de Cymbopogon citratus Stapf em candidiase vaginal : estudo controlado, cego e randomizado. 2014. 69 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Farmacologia) - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2014. / Submitted by denise santos (denise.santos@ufc.br) on 2015-05-22T13:44:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_ojqdias.pdf: 1330498 bytes, checksum: 3d0449abb01565001bdc832d78f733af (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by denise santos(denise.santos@ufc.br) on 2015-05-22T13:57:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_ojqdias.pdf: 1330498 bytes, checksum: 3d0449abb01565001bdc832d78f733af (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-22T13:57:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_ojqdias.pdf: 1330498 bytes, checksum: 3d0449abb01565001bdc832d78f733af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Candidiasis is one of the most common causes of infection of the female genital tract . Its clinical diagnosis is suggested by the presence of the classic symptoms : vulvovaginal pain, itching and burning , i nflammation , thick, lumpy and malodoro us leucorrhea, vulvar and vaginal hyperemia, swollen and cracked v aginal mucosa with white plates . Those finding s should be confirmed by laboratory diagnosis . M ycological examination should confirm the presence of bla stoconi dia structures , associated or not with pseudohyphae in the vaginal exudate . Cymbopogon citratus ( DC. ) Stapf , known as lemon grass is a tall, thick grass with a strong citrus scent . It is used in folk medicine to treat various diseases and studie s have proven its antidepressant, antioxidant, antiseptic, astringent, bactericidal , fungicidal , sedative and calming effects . Its action against microorganisms of the genus Candida spp has been proven in vitro . The objective of this study was to evaluat e the therapeutic efficacy of the intravaginal herbal medicine made with the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus Stapf ( OEC c ) in the t reatment of vaginal candidiasis . At the Maternity Hospital in Assis Chateubriant , 32 female patients aged 18 - 49 years wit h positive clinical and laboratory diagnosis for vaginal candidiasis were randomly assigned for two treatment groups to receive study drug or control drug blind treatment daily for 7 days as clinical protocol approved by the Research Ethics and conducted a ccording to the Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice . 25 patients completed treatment and participation in the study, 12 in the grou p using the Miconazole (control ) and 13 in the group that used the cream base OEC c ( test) . The results of the clinical ex amination before and after treatment were analyzed by Fisher's exact test , which showed no statistically significant difference between the groups OEC c and Miconazole in the proportion of patients who progressed to the absence of characteristic findings o f candidiasis ( P = 0 , 59) . This result was also obtained when comparing mycological examination ( P = 0.32 ) . With regard to adverse events , the data were analyzed by Fisher's exact test , which showed no statistically significant difference between M iconazole and OEC c groups regarding the proportion of patients reporting any adverse event during the study ( P = 1.00 ) . The treatment outcome of patients who used OEC c in the test group was not statistically different from the results obtained from the use of miconazole in the control group , either in its clinical efficacy , or in the presence of adverse events , showing that the use of the vaginal cream with OEC c can be an effective and safe tr eatment for vaginal candidiasis . / A candidíase é uma das causas mais comuns de infecção do trato genital feminino. Seu diagnóstico clínico é sugerido pela presença dos sintomas clássicos, como dor vulvovaginal, prurido e ardor, inflamação, leucorréia espessa, grumosa e com mau odor, vulva e vagina hiperemiadas, edemaciadas e com fissuras, mucosa vaginal com placas brancas. Esta constatação deve ser confirmada pelo diagnóstico laboratorial, o exame micológico deve confirmar a presença de estruturas blastoconidiadas, associadas ou não a pseudohifas no exudato vaginal. O Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, conhecido como capim-limão é uma grama alta e grossa com um forte aroma cítrico. É utilizado na medicina popular no tratamento de várias enfermidades e estudos já comprovaram seus efeitos antidepressivo, antioxidante, antiséptico, adstringente, bactericida, fungicida, calmante e sedativo. Sua ação contra microorganismos do gênero Candida spp já foi comprovada in vitro. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia terapêutica do medicamento fitoterápico de uso intravaginal a base do óleo essencial das folhas de Cymbopogon citratus Stapf (OECc) no tratamento da candidíase vaginal. Na Maternidade Escola Assis Chateubriant, 32 pacientes do sexo feminino com idade entre 18-49 anos com diagnóstico clínico e laboratorial positivo para candidíase vaginal foram randomicamente designadas para os grupos de tratamento, para receber o medicamento em estudo ou o medicamento controle, em tratamento cego, diariamente, durante 7 dias, conforme protocolo clínico aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa e realizado de acordo com as Normas de Boas Práticas Clínicas. Destas, 25 concluíram o tratamento e a participação no estudo, sendo 12 no grupo que utilizou o Miconazol (controle) e 13 no grupo que utilizou o creme a base de OECc (teste). Os resultados do exame clínico pré e pós-tratamento foram analisados pelo teste exato de Fisher, que não evidenciou diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos OECc e Miconazol em relação à proporção de pacientes que evoluíram com ausência de achados característicos de candidíase (P = 0,59). Tal resultado também foi obtido na comparação dos exames micológicos ( P = 0,32). Com relação aos eventos adversos, os dados foram analisados pelo teste exato de Fisher, que não evidenciou diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos OECc e Miconazol em relação à proporção de pacientes que relataram algum evento adverso ao longo do estudo (P = 1,00). O resultado do tratamento das pacientes que utilizaram o OECc no grupo teste não foi estatisticamente diferente do resultado obtido com a utilização do miconazol no grupo controle, seja na questão da sua eficácia clínica, seja na presença de eventos adversos, mostrando que o uso do creme a base de OECc pode ser uma forma eficaz e segura de tratamento para a candidíase vaginal.
3

Investigação micológica do fluido vaginal de mulheres adultas da região de São José do Rio Preto

Corrêa, Paula dos Reis [UNESP] 10 February 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:56:01Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 correa_pr_me_sjrp.pdf: 763319 bytes, checksum: 1d1304fe60a8bc1f5f7c29d67c166679 (MD5) / A candidíase vulvovaginal (CVV) é uma inflamação da mucosa genital decorrente de infecção por leveduras. Os principais sintomas são disúria, hiperemia, ardência, corrimento, prurido, dispareunia, fissuras. Aproximadamente 75% das mulheres sofrem ao menos um episódio de candidíase vulvovaginal, 40% apresentam mais de um episódio e menos de 5% tornam-se recorrentes (CVVR). A CVV tem como principal etiologia, Candida albicans, no entanto, episódios devido às espécies “não albicans” estão aumentando. O manejo das vaginites vem sendo realizado de modo empírico, levando a problemas quanto à terapêutica. Assim, este projeto teve como objetivos caracterizar fenotipicamente leveduras isoladas do conteúdo vaginal de 223 mulheres adultas, sintomáticas (S) e assintomáticas (A), atendidas pelo Serviço de Ginecologia do Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto e determinar os indicadores clínicos. Para tal, foi realizada análise micológica dos 223 isolados clínicos, sendo que, 87 amostras apresentaram cultura positiva. C. albicans foi a espécie mais prevalente nos dois grupos (A/S), seguida de Candida glabrata. A maior parte das mulheres era casada com média de idade de 30 a 40 anos, referiu uso de anticoncepcionais e ciclo menstrual regular. Em relação a práticas sexuais houve, para parte das pacientes, concomitância entre os hábitos, anal, oral e vaginal. Quando avaliado o tratamento prévio, não houve evidência de associação com sintomas particulares. A suscetibilidade a antifúngicos, realizada pelos dois métodos de referência disco-difusão e microdiluição, mostrou concordância, estatisticamente comprovada, apenas para o itraconazol. Em relação à produção de fator de virulência, apenas C. albicans produziu fosfolipase. Diferentemente, proteinase foi detectada em C. albicans, C. glabrata e Candida parapsilosis. Esse último fator de virulência... / Vulvovaginal candidiasis (CVV) is an inflammation of genital mucosa caused by infection by yeasts. The main symptoms are dysuria, hyperemia, burning, corrimento, pruritus, dyspareunia, cracks. Approximately 75% of women suffer at least one episode of vulvovaginal candidiasis, 40% have more than one episode and less than 5% become recurrent (CVVR). The main cause is to candidiasis is Candida albicans, however, episodes due to the species non albicans are increasing. The management of vaginitis has been done so empirically, leading to problems with therapy. Thus, this project aimed to phenotypically characterize yeasts isolated from vaginal content of 223 adult women, symptomatic (S) and asymptomatic (A), attended by the Service of Gynecology, Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto and determine the clinical indicators. This has mycological analysis of 223 clinical isolates, of which 87 samples showed positive culture. C. albicans was the species most prevalent in both groups (A / S), followed by Candida glabrata. Most women were married with an average age of 30 to 40 years, said use of contraceptives and menstrual cycle regularly. In relation to sexual practices was for the part of patients, concomitance between habits, anal, oral and vaginal. When assessing the previous treatment, there was no evidence of association with particular symptoms. The susceptibility to antifungal held by the two methods of reference disc-diffusion and microdilution, showed agreement, statistically proven, only to itraconazole. For the production of virulence factor, only C. albicans produced phospholipase. Conversely, proteinase was detected in C. albicans, C. glabrata and Candida parapsilosis. The latter factor was associated with virulence, mainly in isolates from symptomatic patients. Data from this study helped reveal association between virulence factors with clinical signs... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
4

Avaliação do potencial in vitro e in vivo de tiossemicarbazida, tiossemicarbazida em nanopartícula de quitosana e tiossemicarbazida derivada do canfeno como antifúngico sobre Candida albicans / Thiosemicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide in nanoparticle chitosan and thiosemicarbazide derived from camphene as antifungal over Candida albicans

Araújo, Deize Evangelista 06 May 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2018-07-04T16:56:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Deize Evangelista Araújo - 2016.pdf: 3131730 bytes, checksum: 8e60767c3408e2e5dff1bb07362a2c80 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-07-05T10:40:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Deize Evangelista Araújo - 2016.pdf: 3131730 bytes, checksum: 8e60767c3408e2e5dff1bb07362a2c80 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-05T10:40:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Deize Evangelista Araújo - 2016.pdf: 3131730 bytes, checksum: 8e60767c3408e2e5dff1bb07362a2c80 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-06 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Candidiasis is a serious health problem that affects a large number of people arround the world. The treatment of this disease is carried out with antifungals, which do not provide an effective cure, besides having resistance reports and high toxicity. In this context, it is necessary to study new antifungal compounds. In addition, the delivery form of the compounds in the living organism is also target of research, since the controlled release of compounds in biological systems can improve the mode of action of many drugs. Therefore, nanostructured systems, such as nanoparticles of chitosan, have been widely studied as controlled delivery of drugs. Then, this study aimed to evaluate the antifungal potential against Candida albicans of thiosemicarbazide (TSC), thiosemicarbazide-camphene (TSC-C) and chitosan nanoparticles incorporated with thiosemicarbazide (nanoTSC). In in vitro assays, the compounds were effective to inhibit nearly 100% of the fungus in concentrations of 1,37 mM to TSC, 0,02 mM to TSC-C and 0,27 mM to nanoTSC, and the most effective compound was TSC-C. NanoTSC and empty nanoparticles were also evaluated as to cell toxicity, and the concentration able to inhibit the fungus showed no cytotoxic activity. To confirm the values observed in in vitro assays, experiments were conducted using an animal model for vulvovaginal candidiasis. The results showed that TSC-C was more efficient in inhibiting C. albicans compared with TSC and nanoTSC, but was less effective than miconazole. However, histopathological analysis showed that the groups treated with the compounds under study, showed less intensity of damage to the vaginal epithelium and inflammatory infiltrates, compared with the positive control and the group treated with miconazole. Thus, the results suggest that TSC, nanoTSC and TSC-C are promising compounds in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis. / A candidíase constitui um sério problema de saúde, pois é uma doença que atinge uma grande parcela da população mundial. O tratamento dessa doença é realizado com antifúngicos, que, muitas vezes, não garantem uma cura efetiva, além de apresentarem relatos de resistência e alta toxicidade. Nesse âmbito, faz-se necessário o estudo de novos compostos antifúngicos. Aliado a isso, a forma de liberação de fármacos no organismo vivo é também alvo de pesquisas, uma vez que a liberação controlada de fármacos em sistemas biológicos pode melhorar a forma de ação dos mesmos. Para tanto, os sistemas nanoestruturados, como as nanopartículas de quitosana, têm sido amplamente estudados como meios de liberação controlada de princípios ativos. Sendo assim, esse trabalho teve como objetivo a avaliação do potencial antifúngico de tiossemicarbazida (TSC), tiossemicarbazida-canfeno (TSC-C) e de nanopartículas de quitosana incorporadas com tiossemicarbazida (nanoTSC) contra Candida albicans. Nos ensaios in vitro, os compostos foram eficientes em inibir quase 100% do crescimento do fungo em concentrações de 1,37 mM para TSC, 0,02 mM para TSC-C e 0,27 mM para nanoTSC, sendo que o composto mais eficiente foi TSC-C. NanoTSC e nanopartículas vazias também foram avaliadas quanto a toxicidade celular, sendo que não foi observada atividade citotóxica na concentração capaz de inibir o crescimento do fungo. Para avaliar a atuação dos compostos in vivo, foram realizados experimentos utilizando um modelo animal para candidíase vulvovaginal. Os resultados mostraram que TSC-C apresentou maior eficiência no tratamento de candidíase vulvovaginal em comparação com TSC e nanoTSC, porém foi menos eficiente do que miconazol. No entanto, a análise histopatológica mostrou que os grupos tratados com os compostos em estudo, apresentaram menor intensidade de danos ao epitélio vaginal e infiltrados inflamatórios, se comparados com o controle positivo e com o grupo tratado com miconazol. Dessa maneira, os resultados apresentados sugerem que TSC, nanoTSC e TSC-C são compostos promissores para o tratamento da candidíase vulvovaginal.
5

Desenvolvimento e caracterização de sistema nanoestruturado contendo miconazol e farnesol para o tratamento de candidíase vulvovaginal / Development and characterization of a nanostructured system containing myco-nazole and farnesol for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis

Costa, Adelaide Fernandes 15 April 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2018-07-09T16:47:39Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adelaide Fernandes Costa - 2016.pdf: 3380283 bytes, checksum: 49241b96662ff74e75301658a9c75bf2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-07-10T11:12:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adelaide Fernandes Costa - 2016.pdf: 3380283 bytes, checksum: 49241b96662ff74e75301658a9c75bf2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-10T11:12:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adelaide Fernandes Costa - 2016.pdf: 3380283 bytes, checksum: 49241b96662ff74e75301658a9c75bf2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-15 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is caused mainly by opportunistic fungus Candida albicans and its yeast to hyphae transition is considered the major virulence factor of this pathogen. The increased incidence of VVC has highlighted the importance of developing new therapeutic strategies. The objective of this study was to develop a mucoadhesive nanostructured system comprising miconazole, and farnesol within chitosan for the treatment of VVC. The drug showed the antifungal miconazole expected efficacy with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1 μg/mL. The farnesol quorum-sensing molecule was capable of inhibiting hypha-transition yeast at levels greater or equal to 300 μM. When tested together, farnesol has no effect compared to the MIC obtained for miconazole. Nanoparticles of chitosan-containing miconazole and farnesol were prepared by ionic gelation and showed favorable characteristics for use on mucous membranes, such as diameter less than 300 nanometers (nm), polydispersion index (PDI) less than 0.3, positive zeta potential and acid pH. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) of the nanoparticles was on average 81.1% for miconazole, 31.9% farnesol and 32.7% and 70.0% for miconazole and farnesol when co-encapsulated, respectively. The nanoparticles showed instability as the diameter and PDI, but were stable compared to the EE. Regarding toxicity in cultured fibroblasts (Balb/ c 3T3) were considered non-toxic. The nanoparticles showed antifungal activity against C. albicans strain used, with MIC of 2.5 μg/mL and 2 μg/mL for nanoparticles with miconazole and miconazole/ farnesol, respectively. Nanoparticles containing farnesol inhibit yeast-hyphae transition at concentrations greater than or equal to 240 uM. The antifungal activity in vivo was assessed in the murine model for VVC. Although there is no statistically significant difference between treatments in relation to the counting of colony forming units (CFU), the results suggest that chitosan nanoparticles containing miconazole and farnesol were effective for inhibiting fungal proliferation and chitosan nanoparticles containing farnesol were capable of decreasing the pathogenicity of infection demonstrated by the absence of inflammation. / A candidíase vulvovaginal (CVV) é causada principalmente pelo fungo oportunista Candida albicans. A transição de leveduras para hifas é considerada como um dos principais fatores de virulência deste patógeno. O aumento da incidência de CVV tem destacado a importância do desenvolvimento de novas estratégias terapêuticas. O objetivo do presente estudo foi o desenvolvimento de um sistema nanoestruturado muco-adesivo composto por miconazol e farnesol em quitosana para o tratamento de CVV. O fármaco miconazol apresentou eficácia antifúngica com concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) de 1 μg/mL. A molécula quorum sensing farnesol foi capaz de inibir a transição levedura-hifa em concentrações maiores ou iguais a 300 μM. Quando avaliados em conjunto, o farnesol não apresentou nenhum efeito em relação à CIM obtida para o miconazol. Nanopartículas de quitosana contendo miconazol e farnesol foram preparadas por gelificação iônica e apresentaram características favoráveis para utilização em mucosas, como diâmetro menor que 300 nanômetros (nm), índice de polidispersão (PDI) menor que 0.3, potencial zeta positivo e pH ácido. A eficiência de encapsulação (EE) das nanopartículas foram em média 81,1% para miconazol, 31,9% para o farnesol e 32,7% e 70,0% para o miconazol e farnesol quando co-encapsulados, respectivamente. As nanopartículas demonstraram instabilidade quanto ao diâmetro e PDI, porém foram estáveis em relação à EE. Quanto à toxicidade em culturas de fibroblastos (Balb/c 3T3) foram consideradas não tóxicas. As nanopartículas demonstraram ação antifúngica contra a cepa de C. albicans utilizada, apresentando CIM de 2,5 μg/mL e 2 μg/mL para nanopartículas com miconazol e miconazol/farnesol, respectivamente. Nanopartículas contendo farnesol inibiram a transição levedura-hifa em concentrações maiores ou iguais a 240 μM. A ação antifúngica in vivo foi avaliada no modelo murino para CVV. Apesar de não existir diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os tratamentos em relação à contagem de unidades formadoras de colônias (UFC), os resultados sugerem que nanopartículas de quitosana contendo miconazol e farnesol são eficazes, pois inibem a proliferação fúngica e que nanopartículas de quitosana contendo farnesol são capazes de diminuir a patogenicidade da infecção, demonstrada pela ausência de inflamação.
6

Caracterização e quantificação por citometria de fluxo dos leucócitos presentes nos lavados vaginais de mulheres com vulvovaginites e flora vaginal normal / Characterization and quantification by flow cytometry of leukocytes present in vaginal lavages from women with vulvovaginitis and normal microflora

Ferreira, Joziani Beghini Junqueira de Carvalho, 1980- 18 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Paulo César Giraldo, Fernando Guimarães / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T17:52:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ferreira_JozianiBeghiniJunqueiradeCarvalho_M.pdf: 1296627 bytes, checksum: ecb2857b529cc3c0e322efcb11c882e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Introdução: As vulvovaginites (VV) são consideradas como agravos importantes à saúde da mulher, pois afetam suas vidas no âmbito sexual, afetivo, social, e psíquico. Muitos aspectos da fisiopatogênese destas afecções ainda precisam ser esclarecidos, entre eles os mecanismos imunes relacionados à instalação e propagação da infecção. Objetivos: Identificar e quantificar por citometria de fluxo (CF) os leucócitos presentes no conteúdo vaginal de mulheres com flora normal e VV. Avaliar a expressão do CD16 nos neutrófilos do conteúdo vaginal destas mulheres. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo de corte transversal, no período de junho de 2009 a outubro de 2010. O estudo incluiu 152 mulheres no menacme diagnosticadas com: flora vaginal normal (n=51), vaginose bacteriana (VB) (n=34), candidíase vulvovaginal (CV) (n=43) e VB associada a CV (VB+CV) (n=14). As mulheres foram submetidas a exame especular para medida de pH vaginal, teste de Whiff, coleta de material para bacterioscopia e cultura para fungos. A VB foi detectada pelos critérios de Amsel e/ou escore de Nugent ?7. A CV, pela presença de hifas ou esporos no conteúdo vaginal. VB+CV foi diagnosticada quando estas duas VV estavam presentes na mesma mulher segundo critérios já descritos. Foram consideradas com flora vaginal normal, as mulheres que apresentaram flora do tipo 1 e ausência de patógenos nos exames laboratoriais. Ao final do exame ginecológico, foi realizado um lavado da cavidade vaginal, o qual foi enviado ao laboratório para processamento. Os leucócitos foram marcados com anticorpos monoclonais conjugados a fluoróforos (anti-CD3, anti-CD4, anti-CD8, anti-CD14, anti-CD15, anti-CD16, anti-CD19, anti-CD24 e anti-CD56) e analisados por CF. Resultados: Os granulócitos neutrófilos foram as células predominantes em todos os grupos estudados. A média da porcentagem de granulócitos neutrófilos foi significativamente maior (p<0,05) na CV comparado à flora normal e VB. A média da porcentagem de granulócitos neutrófilos foi significativamente menor (p<0,05) na VB comparado à flora normal e a CV. Macrófagos e linfócitos foram detectados em percentuais bem menores que os granulócitos neutrófilos. Houve significância estatística (p<0,05) para os linfócitos TCD4 que apresentaram média da porcentagem maior na CV e VB em comparação à flora normal. Considerando-se a intensidade da expressão do CD16 nos neutrófilos, houve maior expressão nas VV (VB, CV, VB+CV) quando comparado à flora normal (p<0,05). Entre as VV, esta ocorrência foi maior na VB comparado à CV (p<0,05). Conclusões: Os granulócitos neutrófilos foram as células predominantes nos lavados vaginais e suas quantidades foram decrescentes considerando-se CV, flora normal e VB. Estes dados sugerem que, como em outros tecidos, na vagina, os neutrófilos são as principais células efetoras da resposta imune apresentando-se em maiores ou menores concentrações conforme o estímulo imunológico causado pelo micro-organismo. A maior intensidade da expressão do CD16 nos neutrófilos das mulheres com VV indica um atraso na apoptose dos neutrófilos envolvidos nestas infecções, predominando na VB / Abstract: Introduction: Vulvovaginitis (VV) is a serious health problem in women. This disease affects their lives in all aspects, be it, sexual, affective, social, and psychological. Many aspects of the pathophysiology of these infections have yet to be elucidated, including the immune mechanisms related to proliferation of microorganisms and maintenance of the infectious process. Objectives: One aim of this study was to identify and to quantify the immune cells present in the vaginal lumen of women with normal flora and VV by flow cytometry (FC). Another aim was to evaluate the expression of CD16 on neutrophils from the vaginal lumen of these women. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional study was performed from June 2009 to October 2010. The study included 152 women of childbearing age diagnosed with: normal vaginal flora (n=51), bacterial vaginosis (BV) (n=34), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VC) (n=43) and BV associated with VC (BV+VC) (n=14). The women underwent speculum examination for performing vaginal pH, Whiff test, Gram stain and culture for fungi. BV was diagnosed by the Amsel criteria and/or Nugent score ?7. VC was diagnosed by the presence of yeast or hyphae in the vaginal discharge. A diagnosis of BV+VC was made when both criteria were present in the same woman. Normal vaginal microflora was defined by the presence of type 1 flora and absence of pathogens in laboratorial exams. During gynecological examination, a lavage of the vaginal cavity was performed and sent to the laboratory for processing. Immune cells were labeled with fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal-antibodies (anti-CD3, anti-CD4, anti-CD8, anti-CD14, anti-CD15, anti-CD16, anti-CD19, anti-CD24 e anti-CD56) and analyzed by FC. Results: The neutrophil granulocytes were the predominant cells in all groups. The mean of the percentage of neutrophil granulocytes was significantly higher (p <0.05) in VC compared to the normal flora and BV. On the other hand, the mean of the percentage of neutrophil granulocytes was significantly lower (p <0.05) in BV compared to the normal flora and VC. Macrophages and lymphocytes were detected in percentages far lower than the neutrophil granulocytes. The mean percentage of CD4 lymphocytes was significantly higher (p <0.05) in BV and VC compared to the normal flora. The expression of CD16 on neutrophils was higher in VV (BV, VC, BV+VC) compared to the normal flora (p <0.05). Among the VV, it was higher in BV compared to VC (p <0.05). Conclusions: Neutrophil granulocytes were the predominant cells in the vaginal lavages. Higher amount of neutrophil granulocytes was observed in VC, normal flora and BV respectively. These data suggest that neutrophils are presented in higher or lower concentrations as the immune stimulation caused by the pathogen. The highest intensity of CD16 expression on neutrophils in women with VV indicates a delay in neutrophil apoptosis in these infections, predominantly in BV / Mestrado / Fisiopatologia Ginecológica / Mestre em Ciências da Saúde
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Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (citronela) : prospecção química-biológica do óleo essencial com destaque no estudo de biofilme e controle da candidíase vulvovaginal /

Toledo, Luciani Gaspar de January 2020 (has links)
Orientador: Taís Maria Bauab / Resumo: A candidíase vulvovaginal (CVV) é uma infecção fúngica oportunista que ocasiona relevante problema à saúde da mulher, visto os desagradáveis sintomas desta afecção, somada às dificuldades terapêuticas dos fármacos da prática clínica e ao surgimento de cepas resistentes. Neste sentido, as plantas medicinais associadas a alternativas que melhorem o potencial antifúngico, como o emprego da nanotecnologia, despontam como uma importante fonte no controle e erradicação de infecções fúngicas. Deste modo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade antifúngica do óleo essencial (OE) de Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, em forma livre e incorporado em microemulsão lipídica (ME+OE) frente cepas ATCC e clínicas de C. albicans, C. glabrata e C. krusei. O OE foi obtido por hidrodestilação. A análise química do OE foi realizada por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrofotômetro de massas (CG-EM). As microemulsões lípidicas (ME) foram desenvolvidas e um diagrama de fases foi construído. A ME e ME+OE foram caracterizados por dispersão de luz dinâmica, análise do potencial zeta, microscopia de luz polarizada, ensaios reológicos, força mucoadesiva e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET). A potencialidade antifúngica do OE e ME+OE foi avaliada pela determinação da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM), concentração fungicida mínima (CFM) por microdiluição, ensaio de interação sorbitol e ergosterol. O ensaio de inibição da formação de hifas de C. albicans em presença de probiótico e p... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is an opportunistic fungal infection that causes relevant problem to woman’s health, due to unpleasant symptoms, difficulties of the therapy and the emergence of resistant strains. In this context, the medicinal plants associated to alternatives that improve the antifungal potential, such as the nanotechnology, is an important source in the eradication and control of fungal infections. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of the essential oil (EO) of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, free form and loaded into a lipid microemulsion (ME+EO) against ATCC and clinical strains of C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. krusei. The EO was obtained by hydrodistillation. The chemical analysis of the EO was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The lipid microemulsions (ME) were developed and a phase diagram was constructed. The ME and ME+EO were characterized by scattering, zeta potential, polarized light microscopy, rheological assays, bioadhesiveness and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). The antifungal activity of the EO and ME+EO were evaluated by determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) by microdilution, sorbitol and ergosterol assay. The inhibition of C. albicans hyphae formation in presence of probiotic and vaginal pathogen was carried out by transwells® system. Moreover, the coated and clean surfaces were characterized by contact angle... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor
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Extraction and Partial Characterization of a Lipophilic, Fungicidal Molecule Associated with Serum Albumins

Ericson, Brett Richard 26 August 2007 (has links)
"Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a mucosal infection caused by Candida species and represents one of the most common clinical problems in women of reproductive age (68,71). Annually in the United States there are approximately 13 million cases of VVC, resulting in 10 million gynecologic office visits per year (38). It is estimated that 75% of women will experience at least one episode in their lifetime, with a projected 50% of all women experiencing multiple episodes (23). Candida albicans is a dimorphic commensal organism of the urogenital and gastrointestinal tracts and has been identified as the main pathogenic agent in VVC, accounting for approximately 85-90% of patients with positive cultures (52). Despite extensive research, the invasive mechanism of vaginal yeast infections is not well understood. Traditionally it has been assumed that changes in the host vaginal environment promote the dimorphic transition from blastospore to hyphae, resulting in a shift from asymptomatic colonization to symptomatic vaginitis (28). In contrast to the normal, systemic immune response, which confers an aseptic environment for tissue and organs, immune responses at the mucosal level are designed to prevent tissue invasion and local disease while maintaining an indigenous flora that could be both beneficial and pathogenic (28). Since fungi are eukaryotic, the vital cellular mechanisms that are usually targeted by modern pharmacologic agents, such as DNA replication and protein translation, are either conserved or have a strong homology to their human orthologs. Obtaining a better understanding of natural fungal suppression mechanisms and molecules at the mucosal level may pave the way for the development of more efficacious drugs or preventative regiments. The mechanism by which the human immune system is able to resist fungal invasion at the vaginal mucosa is unknown. Our research was aimed at finding any host factors that might play a role in the suppression of or prevention of a fungal infection at the vaginal mucosa. In order to screen candidate molecules that might be important in this type of vaginal defense, we chose a pathogenic C. albicans strain, SC5314, to test fungal cell viability upon introduction of the candidate molecules. We have identified a host factor that exhibits strong fungicidal activity when organically extracted from both human and bovine serum albumins. Characterization of this factor through organic extractions and acetone separations reveal that this molecule is a non-polar lipid. Serum samples that have been thoroughly stripped of fatty acids and other lipophilic molecules show no apparent fungicidal activity in cell viability assays. Since the factor is extractable from both human and bovine serum albumins, it may be conserved among mammals. Identification and characterization of this molecule may play a pivotal role in understanding host-Candida interactions at the mucosal membrane interface. Due to its human origin, the use of this factor as an antifungal would be extremely advantageous in regards to FDA (Food and Drug Administration) guidelines and ADMET (Adsorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, Toxicology) properties. "
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Aspects on chronic stress and glucose metabolism in women with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and in women with localized provoked vulvodynia /

Ehrström, Sophia, January 2007 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.
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Atividade imunoestimulante da ?-1,3 glucana em candid?ase vulvovaginal experimental / Immunostimulant activity of ? 1-3, glucana in experimental vulvovaginal candidiasis

Lima, Aleida Maria da Silva 27 February 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-12-04T20:39:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AleidaMariaDaSilvaLima_DISSERT.pdf: 1394996 bytes, checksum: b7dfff2dc66acf246836f373fbcdae6b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-12-06T23:54:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AleidaMariaDaSilvaLima_DISSERT.pdf: 1394996 bytes, checksum: b7dfff2dc66acf246836f373fbcdae6b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-06T23:54:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AleidaMariaDaSilvaLima_DISSERT.pdf: 1394996 bytes, checksum: b7dfff2dc66acf246836f373fbcdae6b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A candis?ase vulvovaginal (CVV) ? uma doen?a inflamat?ria, no tecido vaginal, causada principalmente por leveduras patog?nicas de Candida albicans. E atualmente CVV ? um problema significativo na sa?de da mulher. As ? glucanas s?o polissacar?deos estruturais da parede celular da levedura Saccharomyces cerevisiae e existem v?rios relatos que demonstram o efeito imunomodulador desta estrutura em infec??es bacterianas, virais, f?ngicas e parasit?rias. Sabendo disso, o presente estudo avaliou se a ?-glucana tem atividade imunomoduladora em camundongos com candid?ase vulvovaginal sob a influ?ncia do estr?geno. Os animais foram inoculados com C. albicans, por via intravaginal, e tratados com glucana, vaginal e intraperitonealmente, e os animais do grupo de controle receberam por via intraperitoneal, solu??o salina. Os animais tratados com glucana intraperitoneal e vaginal mostraram menor n?mero de UFC, no fluido vaginal, em compara??o com animais controles. No entanto, os resultados mais marcantes foram do intraperitoneal, confirmando com o histopatol?gico, por?m sem diferen?a estatisticamente significante. Em rela??o ao influxo dos neutr?filos polimorfonucleares (PMNs), os grupos tratados com glucana mostraram maior infiltra??o desses. Al?m disso, observou-se que os animais tratados com glucana apresentaram uma maior quantidade de IFN-?, no lavado vaginal, em compara??o com o controle. Os dados sugerem que glucana pode ter uma atividade importante na prote??o contra C. albicans. / Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is an inflammatory disease, on vaginal tissue, caused mainly by pathogenic yeasts of Candida albicans. And actually, VVC is currently a significant problem in women's health. The ?-glucans are structural polysaccharides of the cell wall of the fungi Saccharomyces cerevisiae and there are several reports that demonstrate the immunomodulatory effect this structure in infections of bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic. Knowing this, the present study evaluated whether ?- glucan has immunomodulatory activity in mice with vulvovaginal candidiasis under the influence of estrogen. The animals were inoculated with C. albicans, intravaginally, and treated with glucan, vaginally and intraperitoneally, and the control group animals received saline, intraperitoneally. The animals treated with intraperitoneal and vaginal glucan showed smaller number of the CFU, in the vaginal fluid, compared with control animals. However the results more marked was of the intraperitonel, confirmed with histopathological, but in neither case the results were statistically significant. Relative to influx of the polymorphonuclear neutrophilis (PMNs), the groups treated with glucan showed greater infiltration. Moreover, it was observed that animals treated with glucan showed a higher quantity of IFN-?, in vaginal washed, compared with the control. The data suggest that glucan may have an important activity in protection against C. albicans.

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