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The focus of this study is revelation at the limits of communication. It considers the way in which (biblical) apocalyptic literature prominently figures the interconnection between liminality, revelation, and representation. The methodology asserts an indissoluble association between theology, philosophy and literature. As such it is interdisciplinary. A preliminary theory (and theology) of liminality interweaves the theological and philosophical contributions of, amongst others, Karl Barth, Graham Ward, Jürgen Moltmann and Jacques Derrida, thereby initiating a revised perspective on the constitution of literary apocalyptic text production and interpretation. Theorising the limen begins to describe the Trinitarian economy at work in Christian apocalyptic processing of scripture. I begin with the idea that revelation (apokalypsis) is the experience of the limen itself (in a coincidence of opposites). Thus the limen (as an actively divine space) incorporates that which stands on both sides, in vertical and horizontal, linear and cyclical, spatial and temporal movements. I then propose that apocalyptic literature re-presents this complex economy in which the end is rehearsed simultaneously as limit, threshold, and rupture. Theologically, this complicates inter-relational notions of ‘apocalyptic’ and eschatology, and stimulates a debate on a metaphysics of violence in communication (between God, man and Creation). I conclude that, at the extreme limit of human understanding (where words fail), those with faith in God’s love are opened out to revelation in the apocalyptic textual performance of the liminal economy, and thus to hope and forgiveness. Stressing the importance of reading apocalyptically, I begin to demonstrate the relationship between Christian-canonical narratives and the broader western literary canon, the critical process having invited an exploration of those literary characteristics (of tone, mode and genre) shared by (biblical, modern and postmodern) texts. An important principle in the literary analyses is the association between apocalyptic text production and hermeneutics. Christopher Rowland’s description of a ‘visionary mode’ explains how this process works. Thus the preliminary theory leads into a close reading of recent Russian and American works by Mikhail Bulgakov and Thomas Pynchon. These are compared to, and worked through, Mark’s and John’s gospels and the Book of Revelation. The interpretative approach widens the often self-limiting study of apocalyptic literature, and broadens theological debate on revelation. Thus it begins to show how the rhetoric of apocalyptic makes belief compelling.

The main aim of the study was to investigate how the Vhavenḓa royal kingdom’s communicative functions and positions of royalty and settlement pattern were disempowered by the British colonists, the apartheid government, the Homeland system and the new democratic government which came into power in 1994. The arrival of the British colonists disempowered the Vhavenḓa Kingdom by reducing the title of the King to that of a mere chief. This was, among others, a leading cause for the fall and the end of the Vhavenḓa Kingdom. The Apartheid regime (1949-1994) also had a negative impact on the Vhavenda royal kingdom as the regime put a large number of people who were not of the royal families into chieftainship. This resulted in chieftaincy becoming an appointment rather than a birth right. The Homeland system, a creation of Apartheid, also caused confusion and disagreements among the Vhavenḓa. Some of those who were born of royal descent were removed from chieftainship positions and more educated Vhavenḓa citizens who were just mere commoners were put in those positions. The new democratic government (1994) tried to bring back the chieftaincy titles that were taken by former governments but this was complicated by the appointment of ward representatives, councilors and civic organisations. The democratic government split areas into wards, and, as a result, the system failed to work in unison with the Vhavenḓa Kingdom. Chiefs were reduced to ceremonial monarchs, and decision-making powers were the preserve of the politicians, and not the chiefs. This study utilized the theory of Ethnopragmatics. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed to collect data. Data were collected from the youth, royals, non-royal adults and chiefs by means of questionnaires and interviews. Data were then transcribed by the researcher and the coding system was used to analyse it. Coding methods used included open, axial and selective coding methods. Data were viii then presented, discussed and conclusions drawn. Results revealed that chiefs and their subjects have many concerns. Recommendations were also made to address the concerns raised by participants. / Anthropology and Archaeology

Aim: The overall aim is to examine how a patient perspective, grounded in caring science, can be preserved and developed in the context of hospital care. Methods: The first study examines attitudes towards caring science in a clinical practice. Data were collected through focus group interviews with seven nurses, three head nurses and four senior preceptors. An interpretive approach guided the study. The results called for collaboration between clinical praxis and the academy, according to how caring science can be preserved and developed. Study II–III functioned in accordance with this goal and were conducted in collaboration with a hospital ward for people over seventyfive years of age. In an attempt to develop care the patients were invited to attend a team meeting. The data in these studies were collected using interviews and observations. Fifteen patients (study II) and nine nurses (study III) who had experienced patient participation in a team meeting participated. In these studies, a reflective lifeworld approach guided the research process. Study IV is presented as a general structure and philosophical examination in the light of Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty’s philosophies. Main Findings: To preserve and develop a patient perspective is strongly connected to existential issues, such as lived time, intersubjectivity and a meaningful existence. For the patients, vulnerability is exposed and increased when the need for hospital care arises. The team meeting is experienced as an emotional situation where existential dimensions need to be recognized. The nurses desire to develop caring is challenged by organizational and economic demands. Time presents both a possibility for an encounter as well as a threat to excellent care. Conclusions: There is a need to challenge narrow processes in modern health care that value the staffs’ work and the patients’ vulnerability in quantifiable measures of efficiency. The challenge is to take into account something that is invaluable - human existence. / <p>Akademisk avhandling som för avläggande av filosofie doktorsexamen vid Linnéuniversitetet försvaras vid offentlig disputation, 15 september 2014, klockan 10.30 i sal Myrdal, Hus K, Växjö</p>

An inadequate music education program should give rise to some thought and action on the part of any serious-minded progressive teacher in that field, It is not enough to suspect or to discover faults, but a way to improve the situation should be attempted. Best practices should be evaluated and objectives formulated for future procedure through cooperative planning.

The work of nurses in the outpatient department belongs between discussed topics. The interplay and cooperation of all members of the medical team are especially important. Correct communication between all team members and communication with children and their accompaniment are also a matter of course. The aim of this diploma thesis is to map the work of a nurse in a comprehensive view in the outpatient area of the children's ward, the satisfaction of children and parents in the outpatient area of the children's ward and to suggest possible improvements for the outpatient sphere of the children's ward of České Budějovice a.s. The diploma thesis is processed by qualitatively quantitative investigation using semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and observations. The research group consisted of nurses, doctors, paediatric patients and their accompaniment at the children's ward, paramedics and the general public as well. The interviews were categorized and processed by the method of pencil and paper. Questionnaires were processed statistically. The hidden participating observation was focused on the collaboration and communication of nurses from outpatient department with other nurses, doctors, paramedics, children and their accompaniment; and it was also focused on the satisfaction of the children or their accompaniment at the outpatient department. The results of the work showed that the view of the work of the paediatric nurse is distorted both from the health care professionals and the general public, which means that the nurse is seen mainly as a nursing care provider. The results also showed the necessity of proper communication and knowledge of foreign languages. At the same time, the thesis was used to identify shortcomings or suggestions for changes in the paediatric outpatient department of the České Budějovice Hospital, including the satisfaction of patients and their accompaniment during visiting the department that depends on the time spent in the waiting room. Suggestions for improvement were drawn up, drafted and handed over to the children's ward management.

L’abandon d’enfants a existé de tout temps. Des travaux d’historiens portent sur ce phénomène, et sur les enfants concernés. Ils s’intéressent principalement au Moyen-Âge, à l’époque moderne et au XIXe siècle. Peu, par contre, est dit sur les mères qui abandonnent. Des clichés et la littérature les présentent souvent comme des femmes de mauvaise vie, des marâtres, ou des miséreuses. Cette thèse a pour objet d’appréhender qui elles sont réellement : leur âge, leur situation matrimoniale et professionnelle, leur origine géographique… Elle vise aussi à mieux cerner les raisons qui conduisent ces mères à cette décision, et ce qu’elles transmettent à leur enfant. Ces travaux apportent également un éclairage sur leurs demandes ultérieures de nouvelles et de reprise, ainsi que sur les démarches de leurs enfants pour les retrouver. La recherche se situe en France métropolitaine, pendant le XXe et le début du XXIe siècle. Elle met en lumière qu'une majorité de ces mères singulières ont une vingtaine d'années, sont célibataires, et ont pour une partie d'entre elles déjà un enfant. Leur situation est souvent précaire. Mais ce qui les caractérise encore plus, c'est la solitude dans laquelle elles se trouvent pendant leur grossesse. Au-delà de ces traits communs, des évolutions se dessinent au cours des années. Ces femmes sont pour beaucoup des mères courages qui ont souhaité protéger leur enfant. / Child abandonment has always existed. There are historian’s works on this phenomenon, and on the children concerned. They are mainly on the Middle-Ages, the modern era and the nineteenth century. Few, on the other hand, are said about the mothers who abandon. Stereotype and literature often represent them as loose women, bad mothers, or destitute. This doctoral thesis aims to understand who they really are: their age, their marital and professional situation, their geographical origin ... It also aims to better understand the reasons that lead these mothers to this decision, and what they transmit to their children. The work also sheds light on their subsequent demands for news and for tacking back their children, as well as on the actions that their offspring undertake to find them. The research lies in metropolitan France, during the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty-first century. It highlights that a majority of these singular mothers are in their twenties, are single, and some of them already have a child. Their situation is often precarious. But what characterizes them even more is the loneliness in which they find themselves during their pregnancy. Beyond these common features, evolutions are emerging over the years. These women are for many courageous mothers who wished to protect their child.

Bakgrund: Utskrivning från en intensivvårdsavdelning (IVA) till vårdavdelning kan vara ett kritiskt moment för patienten och involverad personal då det är mycket som kan gå fel i utskrivningsprocessen. Att bibehålla patientsäkerheten i samband med utskrivning ses idag som en utmaning då det är flera olika aktörer som är med i vårdkedjan, vilket ställer höga krav på samarbetet sinsemellan. Brister i utskrivningsprocessen ökar risken för återinläggningar till intensivvården vilket är förknippat med ökad mortalitet. Syfte: Att undersöka vårdpersonalens upplevelse kring vad som påverkarpatientsäkerheten i utskrivningsprocessen från IVA till vårdavdelning. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie baserad på analys av kvalitativ data utifrån Bettany-Saltikov och McSherry metod (2016). Resultat: Vårdpersonalen upplevde en skillnad i vårdnivå mellan IVA och vårdavdelning, vilket påverkade patientsäkerheten då det orsakade glapp ivårdkedjan vid utskrivning. En nivå mellan IVA och vårdavdelning upplevdes som fördelaktigt - men existerade sällan. Vårdavdelningen kunde upplevas som en sårbar destination på grund av mindre resurser och kompetens. Brister i informationsöverföringen i samband med utskrivning upplevdes äventyra patientsäkerheten. Planering och uppföljning i samband med utskrivningsprocessen upplevdes betydelsefullt för att minska glappet i vårdkedjan. Slutsats: Utskrivning från IVA till vårdavdelning innefattar ett glapp i vårdkedjan vilket upplevs äventyra patientsäkerheten då det kan leda till vårdskador i samband med utskrivning. Utifrån systemteorin så hade mycket kunnat undvikas genom att se över den organisatoriska strukturen i sjukvården. Utskrivningsprocessen är komplex och alla delar i systemet påverkar varandra cirkulärt. Ingen (vård)kedja är starkare än sin svagaste länk. / Background: Discharge from intensive care unit (ICU) to a general ward might be a critical moment for both the patients and staff involved and there’s a lot that can go wrong in the discharge process. To maintain patient safety in the connection of discharge is a great challenge because the numbers of actors involved. This requires a high ability to cooperate. Deficiencies in the discharge process increases the risk for readmissions which is associated with increased mortality. Aim: To investigate healthcare personnel experience about what affects patient safety in the discharge process from ICU to ward. Method: A systematic review based on analysis of qualitative data after Bettany-Saltikov and McSherry (2016) method. Result: The ward personnel experienced a difference in the level of care between ICU and ward, which caused a gap that affected patient safety in the discharge process. An in-between level of care could reduce the gap, but seldom existing. The ward could be experienced as vulnerable, because lack of resources and competence. Shortcomings in the information transfer occurred during the discharge process, which was experienced to jeopardize patient safety. Planning and follow-upservice were experienced as important to avoid a gap in the care of chain. Conclusion: Discharge from ICU to ward comprises a gap in the care of chain which is experienced to jeopardize patient safety. This could lead to adverse events.The framework of system theory shows that much could be avoided by overlooking the organizational structures in healthcare, which often is the underlying cause to failure in patient safety. The discharge process is complex and all the parts affects each other circularly. No care of chain is stronger than the weakest link.

Hurricane Katrina made landfall 60 miles east of New Orleans, Louisiana, on August 29, 2005. The storm revealed the reality of the socio-economic state of tens of thousands of African Americans living in the city of New Orleans, especially African-American women. This study examines the state of development of African-American women who lived in the Lower 9th Ward area of New Orleans prior to, during, and after Hurricane Katrina. This study was based on the premise that African-American women who lived in the Lower 9th Ward were significantly more affected by Hurricane Katrina than any other group in the area because of their race, class, gender, and state of development. A narrative analysis was chosen as the method for this study. The data were collected from interviews was analyzed to explore how Hurricane Katrina impacted these women’s state of development, or the lack thereof. The researcher found that Lower 9th Ward African-American women were impacted by Hurricane Katrina more than any other group because of their underdeveloped state. The conclusions drawn from the findings suggest that the African-American women from the Lower 9th Ward area lived a life comparable to that of women in developing countries, while living in a First World country. The reality of their underdeveloped state allowed for Hurricane Katrina to impact them more negatively than any other group by leaving them unable to regain normalcy in some areas of their lives, especially those areas influenced by their race, class, and gender.

Patienter som är inlagda på vårdavdelningar på sjukhus har olika upplevelser av rummets utformning och inredning. Vår erfarenhet är att patientrum har vita väggar, textilier med diskreta färger och inga tavlor. Vad kännetecknar en utformning och inredning som är hälsobringande för patienten? En omgivning som människor är tillfreds med skapar balans i tillvaron och stärker det psykiska välbefinnandet och den fysiska hälsan. En viss form av arkitektur kan också bidra till uppkomsten av stress. Syftet med studien är att beskriva hur rummets utformning och inredning kan inverka på patientens välbefinnande och tillfrisknande när de vårdas på sjukhus.Studien är en forskningsöversikt baserad på tio vetenskapliga artiklar. Artiklar med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ metod ingår. I resultatet presenteras patienters upplevelse av patientrummets utformning och inredning i sex teman; fördelar och nackdelar med enkelrum jämfört med flerbäddsrum, solljusets påverkan på patienten, patientens upplevelse av fönster och utsikt, färgen och luktens betydelse för patienten, konstens betydelse för patienten och säkerheten i rummets utformning och inredning. I diskussionen framkommer att rummets utformning och inredning kan främja patientens välbefinnande och tillfrisknande. Patienter mår ofta bättre av att vårdas i ett enkelrum, ha ett fönster med utsikt mot naturen och att solen lyser in i rummet. / <p>Program: Sjuksköterskeutbildning</p><p>Uppsatsnivå: C</p>