På Swerea Sicomp AB i Piteå bedrivs forskning inom materialområdet polymera fiberkompositer. Just nu bedrivs ett projekt mot bilindustrin där de undersöker möjligheten att använda fiberkompositer för att få ner vikt och således minska miljöpåverkan för bilkomponenter samtidigt som krav på ökad produktion och kortare ledtider även finns. I framtiden ska det byggas en ny pressanläggning på Sicomp där det ska finnas möjlighet att testa denna typ av konstruktion och produktionsprocess. Detta examensarbete har till största del syftat till att utveckla en simuleringsmiljö som kan visualisera den nya pressanläggningen. Simuleringen har gjorts i Siemens Tecnomatix Process Simulate. Resultatet av detta arbete är en processimuleringsmodell och mall som ger möjlighet att testa produktion av olika typer av komponenter och även utföra test av verktyg i en säker miljö. När en simulering genererats för en önskad produkt och önskade verktyg så finns det möjlighet att exportera programkoden som vid ett senare skede kommer att kunna användas i den riktiga anläggningen. Det finns även möjlighet att undersöka och ta fram process och cykeltider för de projekt som testas i simuleringsmodellen. Genom att använda offlineprogrammering på detta sätt kan upp till 40-60% i tidsåtgång sparas i jämförelse med onlineprogrammering. / At Swerea Sicomp AB in Piteå research in the field of polymer fibre composites is performed. The possibility of using fiber composites to reduce the weight and therefore also reduce the environmental impact on vehicle components is investigated together with the automotive industry. This along with increased production and shorter lead times. In the future a press facility will be built at Sicomp to test the construction of the new product and its production processes. This master thesis was done to develop a simulation environment that can visualize the press facility. The simulation model has been done in the program Siemens Tecnomatix Process Simulate. The result of this master thesis is a simulation model and a template that enable production testing of different products and tools in a safe environment. It is possible to export data and robot programs from the simulation model for different projects. The data exported from the program can in the future be used in the real press facility. From the simulation model process and cycle times can be developed and investigated. By using this sort of offline programming up to 40-60% of the time can be saved compared to online programming.

Steelform Scandinavia AB is a company that manufactures fittings for reversible windows. This study has examined the stops that occur at a robot line which accounts for a large part of the company’s assembly. The company’s previous values of the robot lines overall equipment efficiency, OEE, has varied between 45-75%. Today, OEE calculations are no longer made due to the company having problems seeing the reliable ones as it is difficult to get a clear picture of availability. The purpose of this study is to identify which stops that occur at the robot line, how much impact the downtime has on the OEE value and how the stops can be remedied. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, the following questions has been formulated: [1] Which overall equipment efficiency, OEE, has the robot line? [2] What type of stops occurs at the robot line? [3] How can the stop downtimes be remedied and thereby increase the overall equipment efficiency by the robot line? The result of the observations that has been done shows that it is a big amount of stops that occur at the robot line that contributes to a high downtime. This downtime also contributes to the low OEE value that the study estimates that the robot line currently has. If the downtime is divided into necessary and other unplanned stops shows that 62% of the total downtime is time that goes to the other unplanned stops, thus stops that do not have to arise if the reasons for these are remedied. If this time instead can be converted into production time the efficiency and capacity of the robot line will increase. In this study this gives an increase of the OEE value with 13,7%. Proposed actions that are given is that the company should get a better knowledge about OEE and what its values means. Also, be able to use this to know where improvements are needed. The most frequent stops are explained and the reasons why these stops occur turns out to be based on several different things. A number of factors are important for the robot line's function. On the one hand, knowledge and awareness among both operators and management. The way of working in the current situation regarding routines and maintenance work as well as the working environment is also proving to be important.

Uppsatsen Förändringsledande riktlinjer i en omfattande organisationsförändring är baserad på en stor organisation som genomgår ett omfattande förändringsarbete som berör samtliga delar i organisationen, kultur, kommunikation och arbetssätt. På uppdrag av organisationen är syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur förändringsarbetet Framgång uppfattas på alla nivåer i organisationen och vart man befinner sig i förändringsprocessen. Målsättningen är med hjälp av denna studie, att ta fram förändringsledande riktlinjer för hur organisationen ska gå vidare i sitt förändringsarbete. Det empiriska materialet samlades in via semistrukturerade individuella intervjuer på distans. I kombination med tidigare teorier och forskning har den data som samlats in under studienan alyserats. Resultatet visar en engagerad organisation på alla nivåer med en generellt positiv inställning för förändringsarbetet, däremot har studien identifierat vissa svagheter i organisationen som i sin tur påverkar förändringsarbetet Framgång. Utifrån dessa svagheter föreslår vi olika utvecklingsmöjligheter för hur man kan gå vidare i Framgång.

In order to work with continuous improvements and be competitive on the market, it is important that companies identify where their losses are [1]. A suitable way to identify losses is by using measurements [2] and with today’s information technology, it is easier than ever to collect data [3]. The problem is not that companies do not measure performance at all, they measure too much [4]. The study has been made at a producing company who stated that they do not reach their desired amount of availability in the production. There is no information on what their biggest losses are today and there is a lack of a systematic approach to reduce them. There is either any information on how much time that is used on maintenance activities or the distribution between operator maintenance or specialist maintenance. The study’s questions are following:  [1]   What can be determined and what conclusions can be drawn from existing data from the company’s industrial system and maintenance system?  [2]   Can a suggestion on a systemized working method be identified for working with availability losses for the case company?  Theories about operational reliability, maintenance technology, PDCA and the cornerstone model has been used to answer the study’s questions. Quantitative and qualitative data collections has been used to analyze the results from the company’s industry- and maintenance systems. Qualitative interviews have been made with affected personnel.  The cause of the company’s losses in the industry system cannot be identified as the data does not reflect the reality. The reason for that is the lack of standardized way of working when availability losses are registered. In the maintenance system, the structure of how cases are registered is lacking and the sectioning between operator maintenance and specialist maintenance is unclear.  The study’s proposed action is to create conditions for the case company to make their data more reliable and how they can reduce their availability losses. This is done by standardizing the work method in the industrial system, introducing a new structure for how the maintenance system is used and structured working methods between operators and maintenance personnel. The entire study results in a model on how to be able to identify losses and how they systematically can be reduced.

A seemingly increasing trend in the automotive industry is the prevalence of hybrid and electric vehicles. For Lear Corporation, a global automotive supplier of seating and electronic systems, this has caused a decrease in quantity of their products as these types of vehicles are manufactured at lower rates of volumes. An essential element of the electronic system provided by Lear is the wire harness. The wire harness is fastened and protected through plastic components called channels or brackets. These channels are fabricated through injection molding, one of the most common plastic manufacturing processes which offer many benefits. However, injection molding entails high upfront costs which are not suitable for the lower scales of production Lear expect. This prompted the company to seek other alternative processes and thus the idea of this thesis arose.The purpose of the thesis was to identify, evaluate and present alternative manufacturing processes that could potentially replace the current process. Furthermore, the possibility of decreasing the costs of the current process and making it viable for low volume production was explored.The study presented a total of nine common plastic manufacturing processes and subsequently performed a screening where processes deemed incompatible, in terms of aspects such as part complexity, size, volume and cost, were dismissed and processes deemed compatible in relation to the desired application were evaluated further. The processes kept for further examination were injection molding and additive manufacturing.Injection molding and additive manufacturing were evaluated further and ultimately cost estimates for each process were requested to manufacturers in order to make a cost analysis and further study the feasibility of respective process.The cost estimates and subsequent cost analysis indicated that the ideal and most cost-effective option for Lear would be changing the injection molding tool to MUD, aluminum or steel grade 738. This allows Lear to utilize the benefits of injection molding while decreasing the mold cost and upfront costs for the injection molding process substantially. Another proposal presented was to merge injection molding and additive manufacturing in a method called bridge production. This would allow Lear to increase flexibility and reduce lead time.

In an ever changing market that expands continuously and where innovations cycles become shorter, there is an important increase of the renewal frequency of the electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) and vehicles. This makes the manufacture of EEE and vehicles a fast-growing source of waste in terms of used products. The immense amount of information generated by all these technological products which are currently in the market must be managed throughout the whole life cycle of the products. The problem is to provide information about the technological product’s reusability in the recycling process given the colossal complexity of many products and the lifespan of operation. This includes instructions about the components qualifications as elements in a new product. Technologies such as augmented reality (AR) combined with product lifecycle management (PLM) systems can provide the platform for an information system that provides the necessary information and support for the decommissioning process of EEE and vehicles at the end of their life cycle. The present project describes the framework of integration between AR and PLM with the purpose of recycling a technological product at the end of its life cycle. The proposed method of integration could be considered to constitute both an innovation and a possible improvement if compared with the current approach. It is believed that the development of a method that addresses the issue of integration between AR and PLM could provide with a secure, efficient management of stored data related to various products and their properties related to the recycling process at the end-of-life of the product. The result of this approach is an AR-PLM system architecture which assists the circular economy’s recycling process by the use of visual information superimposed on the physical technological equipment.

Examensarbetet har genomförts på Parker Hannifin Manufacturing Sweden AB i Trollhättan. Arbetet behandlar konceptframtagning för en arbetsplats i en tillverkningsgrupp. I tillverkningsgruppen behandlas detaljer med en maximal vikt på 13 kg som förflyttas mellan vagnar och fleroperationsfräsen Heckert 4, allt arbete utförs på ett höj- och sänkbart golv för att ge operatören rätt förutsättningar för arbete i Heckert 4. Den berörda arbetsytan är i nuläget inte ergonomiskt anpassad för operatörerna då belastningsergonomiska risker i form av manuella lyft, vridningar och böjda arbetsställningar förekommer i det dagliga arbetet. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att förbättra arbetsytan vid fleroperationsfräsen Heckert 4 på ett sådant sätt att den blir mer ergonomisk och riskfri för operatörerna. Målet var att generera ett koncept för en mer ergonomisk arbetsyta samt förebygga risken för belastningsskador hos operatörerna. Arbetet inleddes med att information samlades in i form av observationer och intervjuer. Genom detta kunde en nulägesbeskrivning fastställas samt en behov- och kravlista sammanställas. En riskanalys genomfördes över nuläget och bidrog till ytterligare krav i listan. Därefter genererades idéer på lösningar för de problem som uppmärksammades i nulägesbeskrivningen. Dessa kombinerades sedan till koncept som innehöll lösningar för de belastningsergonomiska risker som identifierades. Med en konceptsållningsmatris sållades koncepten ned och bedömdes mot nuläget. De högst rankade konceptenutvärderades vidare i en konceptvalsmatris som slutligen gav ett vinnande koncept. Det vinnande konceptet modellerades och förbättrades ytterligare. Det resulterande konceptet som redovisas till Parker för fortsatt arbete är koncept I+.Koncept I+ består av två rörliga avlastningsytor placerade på det höj- och sänkbara golvet vid vardera sida om Heckert 4. Även två avlastningsbänkar är placerade på golvet för att underlätta arbetet för operatörerna. Den ena avlastningsbänken är utrustad med ett verktygsställ med plats för de verktygsbrickor som ska användas för att satsa fram nödvändiga verktyg. Konceptet I+ minskar de belastningsergonomiska riskerna genom att tillåta skjuvning av detaljerna istället för manuella lyft i kombination med vridningar. Då detaljerna kan följa med när golvet höjs upp elimineras det böjmoment som operatörerna tidigare utförde. Om Parker väljer att fortsätta utvecklingen av detta koncept kommer de att erhålla en mer riskfri arbetsyta med förbättrad ergonomi och minskad risk för belastningsskador. / This bachelor´s thesis has been carried out at Parker Hannifin Manufacturing Sweden AB in Trollhattan. The thesis presents concept development for a workspace in a manufacturing group that processes details with a maximum weight of 13 kg. The details are moved between trolleys and the milling machine center Heckert 4, all work is performed on a height-adjustable floor to give the operator the right conditions for working with the machine. The affected workspace is currently not ergonomically adapted for the operators when ergonomic risks in the form of manual lifting, rotations and bent working positions occur in the daily work. The purpose of this thesis is therefore to improve the workspace of the milling machine center Heckert 4 in such a way that it becomes more ergonomic and risk-free for the operators. The goal of this thesis was to generate a concept for a more ergonomic workspace and to prevent the risk of injuries forthe operators. The work began with information being collected in the form of observations and interviews. Through this, a description of the current situation could be established, and a list of needs and requirements was put together. A risk analysis was carried out on the current situation and contributed to additional requirements in the list. Subsequently, ideas were generated for solutions to the problems that were highlighted in the current situation description. These were then combined into concepts that contained solutions for the ergonomic risks that were earlier identified. With a concept screening matrix, the concepts were screened down and assessed against the current situation. The highest ranked concepts were further evaluated in a concept scoring matrix that ultimately resulted in a winning concept. The winning concept was further modeled and improved. The resulting concept that is presented to Parker for continued work is concept I+. Concept I+ consists of two movable surfaces located on the height-adjustable floor at each side of Heckert 4. Two counters are located on either side of the floor to ease the work for the operators. One counter is equipped with a tool stand with space for the tool kittingtrays to be used to kit the necessary tools. The concept I+ reduces ergonomic risks by allowing the parts to be pushed instead of manual lifting in combination with turning of the torso. As the details can be placed on the benches when the floor is raised, the bending act that the operators previously performed is eliminated. If Parker decides to continue developing this concept, they will have a more risk-free workspace with improved ergonomics and reduced risk of injuries.

No description available.

In today’s industry, the competitiveness between companies is continuously increasing and thus it is important to continue utilizing new technologies to make the operation more efficient and it is vital to strive towards continuous improvement. At this moment it is getting more and more vital to utilize the 4th industrial revolution in the production industry but to utilize this new wave of technology it is crucial to understand what in-efficiencies exist in a production plant and how to work with Lean production as well as implementing the new technologies such as Artificial intelligence and machine learning. These technologies are relatively new to the industrial industry and naturally, with new technologies, there are challenges, benefits but also risks involving new technology implementation. This must be done for companies to stay competitive within the sector even though it is not easy to implement, hence this thesis focuses on realizing these challenges and risks as well as understanding the benefits that can be gained when implementing artificial intelligence in production. When working with this kind of implementation it is important to consider all aspects that are affected by the change, this includes humans as well as the production itself in addition to that also the environment. It is important to understand that when working with this type of implementation it is important to realise what the lean wastes are and by understanding this it will be easier to know what AI can do to minimize or eliminate these wastes and thus making the operation more efficient. This study focuses on the challenges that this type of implementation might have as well as what benefits and risks that AI aided scheduling will have when its implemented. In this study, the findings are connected to a case study made at a focal company in the wood industry as well as an extensive literature study within the field. This thesis provided information in the analysis chapter about how these subjects are linked to the industry and how it's linked to the four main fields of this study. By combining the literature search with the findings from the case study at the focal company, vital information could be gathered and analysed. The areas of this study that was analysed and later discussed when answering the three research questions. The result of this thesis was later used as a base for suggestions for possible future implementations within the field. In addition to that, this study also acts as a framework for how AI implementations can benefit a company’s operation within the industrial sector

Examensarbetet fokuserar på analysering och utveckling av ett materialflöde på ett stenbrott, som tillhör företaget Scandinavian Stone. Ett materialflöde som är beroende av tunga fordon, som orsakar höga kostnader och koldioxidutsläpp. Företaget strävar efter en utveckling som fokuserar på koldioxidutsläpp – och kostnadsreducering. Processen undersöktes vid flera aktiviteter, som studiebesök, intervjuer och observationer. En undersökning är grunden till en processanalys som tar till ytan utvecklingsbehoven och bristfaktorer. Analysen grundades på Lean-filosofin, för att särskilja mellan värdehöjande och icke värdehöjande parametrar ur ett kundperspektiv. Resultatet av analysen visade att sträckan mellan lägsta punkten i stenbrottet (hålet) till bearbetningsstation, är den delen som bidrar med högst energiförbrukning. En beräkningsmodell har skapats för att kunna räkna på energiåtgången som är resulterad av produkttransporter inom processen. Beräkningen gjordes på en förenklad körcykel med varierade produktvikter. Resultatet från beräkningsmodellen visade att en ökning på produktvikten medför små energiökningar. Detta var grunden till ett koncept som fokuserar på en minskning av antal körningar längs den identifierade sträckan. För att bibehålla processproduktivitet, krävs det att transportera flera produkter och tyngre skrotmaterial åt gången. Det förslagna konceptet ändrar layouten på processen, då bearbetningsstation flyttas ned till hålet, istället för sin nuvarande plats utanför hålet. Det möjliggör transport av flera produkter åt gången, då produkterna förlorar ca 50 % av sin vikt efter bearbetning. Restmaterialet förvaras tillfälligt i en behållare och sedan transporteras upp när vikten har nått en maximalnivå. Denna maximalvikt observeras med hjälp av en våg som behållaren är placerad på. Vågen indikerar när den gränsen är uppnådd och det är dags för tömning. Konceptet visade en lönsamhet i energiförbrukningen i upp till 40%. / The thesis focuses on analysis and development of a material flow on a quarry, which belongs to the company Scandinavian Stone. A material flow that is dependent on heavy vehicles, which causes high costs and carbon dioxide emissions. The company strives for a development that focuses on carbon dioxide emissions - and cost reduction. The process was examined in several activities, such as study visits, interviews and observations. A survey is the basis for a process analysis that takes to the surface development needs and shortage factors. The analysis was based on the Lean philosophy, to distinguish between value-adding and non-value-adding parameters from a customer perspective. The results of the analysis showed that the distance between the lowest point in the hole to the processing station, is the part that contributes the highest energy consumption. A calculation model has been created to be able to calculate the energy consumption that is resulted from product transports within the process. The calculation was made on a simplified driving cycle with varied product weights. The results from the calculation model showed that an increase in product weight leads to small energy increases. This was the basis for a concept that focuses on a reduction in the number of runs along the identified route. To maintain process productivity, it is necessary to transport several products and heavier waste materials at a time. The proposed concept changes the layout of the process, as the processing station is moved down to the hole, instead of its current location outside the hole. It enables the transport of several products at a time, as the products lose about 50% of their weight after processing. The waste material is temporarily stored in a container and then transported up when the weight has reached a maximum level. This maximum weight is observed by means of a scale on which the container is placed. The scale indicates when that limit has been reached and it is time for emptying. The concept showed a profitability in energy consumption of up to 40%.