Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-06-28T13:41:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSANA ARAÚJO ROSENDO - TESE (PPGCEMat) 2016.pdf: 6730629 bytes, checksum: c33c7810f9b205ef693b160c3fbaa042 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-28T13:41:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSANA ARAÚJO ROSENDO - TESE (PPGCEMat) 2016.pdf: 6730629 bytes, checksum: c33c7810f9b205ef693b160c3fbaa042 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / Os sistemas de liberação controlada de fármaco apresentam inúmeras vantagens quando comparados a outros de dosagem convencional e, dentre os polissacarídeos mais empregados no desenvolvimento desses sistemas destaca-se a quitosana que, por ser biocompatível e biodegradável, tem despertado o interesse na comunidade científica para sua utilização no desenvolvimento de estruturas onde possam ser incorporados fármacos. A espécie vegetal Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E. Jarvis é conhecida popularmente como insulina e, diversos estudos farmacológicos têm indicado a sua ação hipoglicemiante, justificando-se assim sua aplicabilidade na terapia de pacientes com diabetes. Sendo assim, este trabalho objetivou desenvolver e caracterizar scaffolds de quitosana com diferentes concentrações de Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E. Jarvis, a fim de avaliar sua possível utilização em pacientes portadores de diabetes melito tipo 2. O método consistiu na solubilização da quitosana em ácido acético, adição da droga vegetal, e obtenção dos scaffods através da técnica de freeze drying. As amostras foram caracterizadas através das técnicas de Espectroscopia na Região de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR), Difração de Raios X (DRX), Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), Espectroscopia de Energia Dispersiva (EDS), Microscopia Ótica (MO), Teste de Molhabilidade, Teste de Compressão, Análise Termogravimétrica (TG) e de Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial (DSC), Grau de Intumescimento com PBS e saliva artificial e Ensaio de Biodegradação Enzimática. O estudo químico realizado através do FTIR identificou todas as bandas características dos materiais estudados e o estudo morfológico revelou, nos scaffolds, a formação de uma estrutura tridimensional com poros interconectados. A técnica de EDS indicou a presença dos elementos químicos Carbono, Oxigênio e Nitrogênio, além de Magnésio, Silício e Cálcio presentes na droga vegetal. O grau de intumescimento demonstrou que as médias das massas foram correspondentemente mais elevadas na forma intumescida do que na condição seca, sendo esse intumescimento maior quando as amostras foram imersas na saliva artificial, quando comparado com a solução de Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS). O teste de molhabilidade demonstrou que os scaffolds tiveram sua hidrofilicidade aumentada com a incorporação da droga vegetal e, o teste de compressão, confirmou uma maior resistência à deformação dos mesmos. As análises de TG/DTG demonstraram que a droga vegetal diminuiu a estabilidade térmica dos scaffolds. A partir do ensaio de biodegradação, constatou-se que os scaffolds sofreram uma maior degradação em contato com a solução de PBS do que em PBS/Lisozima; e que, nos períodos de avaliação, a saliva artificial não promoveu biodegradação às estruturas. A incorporação da droga vegetal aos scaffolds foi confirmada por meio dos resultados obtidos nos ensaios de FTIR, DRX, MEV, MO, Grau de intumescimento, testes de molhabilidade e de compressão, TG/DTG e DSC. Desta forma, pode-se concluir que houve a formação de scaffolds com propriedades morfológicas e físico-químicas favoráveis para a obtenção de um sistema para liberação controlada de fármacos. / The systems of controlled clearance of pharmaco present several advantages when compared to others of conventional dosages and, among the most used polysaccharides in the development of these systems can be highlighted the chitosan which, due to being biocompatible and biodegradable, has aroused the interest of the scientific community for its use in the development of structures where pharmaco may be incorporated. The plant species Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E. Jarvis is popularly known as insulin and, several pharmacological studies have indicated its hypoglycemic action, thereby justifying its applicability in the care of patients with diabetes. Thus, this work aimed to develop and characterize chitosan scaffolds with different concentrations of Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E. Jarvis, in order to access its possible use in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The method consisted in the solubilization of the chitosan in acetic acid, addition of the vegetal drug, and obtaining of the scaffolds by means of the freeze drying technique. The samples were characterized by the analysis of Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Difractometry (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS), Optical Microscopy (OM), Wettability Test, Compression Test, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Degree of swelling with PBS and artificial saliva and Enzymatic Biodegradation Test. The chemical study was carried out by the FTIR identified all the bands characteristic of the studied materials and the morphological study revealed, in the scaffolds, the formation of a tridimensional structure with interconnected pores. The EDS technique revealed the presence of the chemical elements Carbon, Oxygen and Nitrogen, in addition to Magnesium, Silicon and Calcium present in the vegetable drug. The degree of swelling demonstrated that the averages of the masses were correspondingly higher in the swollen form than in the dry condition, being this swelling greater when the samples were immersed in artificial saliva, when compared to the PBS solution. The wettability test demonstrated that the scaffolds had their hydrophilicity increased with the incorporation of the vegetal drug and, the compression test, confirmed their greater resistance to deformation. The TG/DTG analysis demonstrated that the vegetal drug reduced the thermal stability of the scaffolds. From the biodegradation test, was found that the scaffolds suffered a greater degradation in contact with the PBS solution than in PBS/Lysozyme; and that, in the assessment periods, the artificial saliva did not promote biodegradation to the structures. The incorporation of the vegetable drug to the scaffolds was confirmed by means of the results obtained in the de FTIR, DRX, MEV, OM, Degree of swelling, wettability and compression tests, TG/DTG and DSC tests. Therefore, it can be concluded that there was the formation of scaffolds with favorable morphological and physicochemical properties for obtaining a system of controlled clearance of pharmaco.

Submitted by Socorro Pontes (socorrop@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-01-26T13:46:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ThulianneLS_DISSERT.pdf: 3299799 bytes, checksum: cd0a2a0b29c69ca43f04d3473f094d74 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-26T13:46:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ThulianneLS_DISSERT.pdf: 3299799 bytes, checksum: cd0a2a0b29c69ca43f04d3473f094d74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-25 / Ethnoveterinary research is defined as the science that involves the opinion and knowledge of popular practices, used for the treatment and prevention of diseases that affect animals. Among the branches of this science is herbal medicine consisting in the treatment of diseases using medicinal plants, this practice is becoming more widespread, and it is evident in fact, because of the valuable lessons of past generations and the future treatment of humans and animals may replace or reduce the use of synthetic drugs, allowing the existence of a means balancing at room. With this research attempts to revive the popular knowledge about the use of medicinal plants in goats in rural settlements, located in the municipality of Mossoró/RN, Northeastern Brazil, and to achieve this goal have been made visits to settlements, applying questionnaires to producers of goats that live in these places on therapeutic indications and ways of using plants to treat diseases that these animals.Simultaneously were collected copies of the said plants, whichthey were identified and deposited in the herbarium MOSS, Federal Rural University of the Semiarid.The medicinal uses have been described 38 species belonging to 23 botanical families, reported by 106 respondents aged over 18 years. The families of plants with the largest representation in the consultation were Fabaceae (7 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (4 spp.), Lamiaceae (3 spp.). The most frequent species were Heliotropium indicum L. (Fedegoso), Ximenia americana L. (Ameixa- brava) e Aloe vera(babosa). The bark and the leaves were predominantly the parties mentioned. The data collected by this research showed that farmers goats, have access and knowledge to a wide variety of medicinal plants responsible for supplying different diseases that affect goats. And it can be seen that even with today's technological advances the groupin this study has interest in the use of plants for medicinal purposes / A pesquisa etnoveterinária é definida comoa ciência que envolve a opinião e o conhecimento das práticas populares, utilizadas para o tratamento e prevenção de doenças, que acometem os animais. Dentre os ramos dessa ciência está a fitoterapia que consiste no tratamento das doenças utilizando plantas medicinais, esta prática está cada vez mais difundida, e evidencia-se de fato, devido aos valiosos ensinamentos das gerações passadas, e no futuro o tratamento de humanos e animais poderá substituir ou reduzir a utilização dos fármacos sintéticos, possibilitando a existência de um meio ambiente em equilíbrio. Com isso a pesquisa busca resgatar o conhecimento popular sobre o uso de plantas medicinais em caprinos nos assentamentos rurais, situados no município de Mossoró/RN, região Nordeste do Brasil. E para atingir este objetivo foram realizadas visitas aos assentamentos, aplicando-se questionários aos produtores de caprinos que residem nestes locais, buscando indicações terapêuticas e formas de utilização de plantas no tratamento de enfermidades que acomentem esses animais. Simultaneamente foram coletados exemplares das plantas citadas, as quais foram identificadas e depositadas no herbário MOSS, da Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido.Foram descritos os usos medicinais de 38 espécies, pertencentes a 23 famílias botânicas, reportadas por 106 informantes com idade acima de 18 anos. As famílias de plantas com maior representatividade na consulta foram Fabaceae (7 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (4 spp.)e Lamiaceae (3 spp.).As espécies mais citadas foram Heliotropium indicum L(Fedegoso), Ximenia americana L(Ameixa- brava) e Aloe vera(Babosa). As cascas e as folhas foram as partes predominantemente citadas. Os dados levantados por esta pesquisa evidenciaram que produtores rurais de caprinos têm acesso e conhecimento a uma ampla variedade de plantas medicinais responsáveis por suprir diferentes enfermidades que acometem caprinos. E percebeu-se que mesmo com os avanços tecnológicos atuais o grupo em estudo apresenta interesse na utilização de plantas com a finalidade medicinal / 2017-01-25

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-08T19:27:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) cibele_lima_santos.pdf: 1218952 bytes, checksum: 03cd087ac0502ce45a8d70ed5ee937a2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-14T14:55:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) cibele_lima_santos.pdf: 1218952 bytes, checksum: 03cd087ac0502ce45a8d70ed5ee937a2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-14T14:55:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) cibele_lima_santos.pdf: 1218952 bytes, checksum: 03cd087ac0502ce45a8d70ed5ee937a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Esta pesquisa surge do interesse de investigar as formas de tratamentos alternativos e complementares conhecidos como Pr?ticas Integrativas de Sa?de incentivadas pela Organiza??o Mundial da Sa?de (OMS), bem como, aproximar de culturas e pr?ticas pouco valorizadas socialmente, frente ao mundo globalizado que se sobrep?e aos modos de vida, costumes e que, imprudentemente, se sobrep?e ?s pessoas. Assim, buscar saber quais foram as contribui??es das benzedeiras para o Programa Farm?cia Viva, desenvolvido no Distrito de S?o Sebasti?o das ?guas Claras ? Nova Lima/MG, e se seus saberes e pr?ticas tradicionais e populares acerca da medicina desenvolvida atrav?s das plantas medicinais formaram os objetivos dessa pesquisa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e explorat?ria, que se ancorou na hist?ria oral como forma de traduzir o sentimento singular guardado na mem?ria dos participantes, em especial das benzedeiras. Os dados foram coletados a partir de um question?rio com quest?es semiestruturadas, cujas entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas em igual teor. Os dados analisados, portanto, partiram da sensibilidade de cada entrevistado. Assim, foi poss?vel transformar os retalhos em ricos relatos que nortearam as reflex?es na tentativa de alcan?ar os objetivos da pesquisa. Como em toda pesquisa, os resultados alcan?ados nem sempre respondem prontamente ?s expectativas. Todavia, mesmo tendo alcan?ado resultados animadores e satisfat?rios, algumas frestas ainda permeiam o universo velado da ci?ncia e da cultura. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Ensino em Sa?de, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / This study originates from the intend to investigate the alternative therapeutic options known as Integrative Health Practices encouraged by the World Health Organization (WHO), as well as to come closer to cultures and practices underappreciated by the society in the globalized world that prevails over lifestyle, traditions and recklessly over people. Thus, the main purpose of this research was try to find out what the contributions of the faith healers were to the program Farmacia Viva, carried out in the district of Sao Sebasti?o das ?guas Claras ? Nova Lima/MG, if their knowledge and traditional folk practices regarding the medical science developed through medicinal plants were respected. This is a qualitative and exploratory research anchored in oral history as a means to express the singular feeling kept in the contributors memory, particularly the faith healers. The data were collected through a survey with semi-structured questions and had the interviews recorded and reproduced in equal content. Therefore, the analysed data stemmed from the sensitivity of each interviewed, making it possible to transform the fragments into a full reports that guided the reflections in the attempt to achieve the research goals. However, as in any research, the results achieved not necessarily respond to the question promptly. Given that, although encouraging and satisfactory results have been reached, some gaps still permeate the veiled universe of science and culture.

The aim of this Thesis was find out if adult population has experience with the use of medicinal plants, if people prefer local herbs to exotic plants, what is their knowledge in the preparation of herbal products and if they ever know what the herbs are and what is the meaning of the term Phytotherapy. Another aim was the creation of electronic manual of the most used herbs, which would include information on sellected medicinal plants and their effects on human body. In this thesis there are comprehensively summarized the theroetical and practical knowledge, which should be beneficial for general population. Research survey in the form of a questionnaire was focused on experience and utilization of herbal therapy in adult population. That was realized in South Bohemian and Pilsen Regions. Results of this work point out, that respondents still consider herbal medicine as an important supplement to classical medical treatment. On the basis of the research there were conclusion written and made the recommendation for practise.

1 Abstract Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy Student: Olga Krupová Supervisor: PharmDr. Tomáš Siatka, CSc. Title of diploma thesis: Modern phytotherapy - revision of usage of medicinal plants according to clinical trials Key words: phytotherapy, medicinal plants, liver diseases, painful joints, nervousness and insomnia, clinical trials The aim of diploma thesis was to review the said effects of the herbs, to make a list of herbs used in popular traditional medicine of selected diseases and to verify their use by giving documented evidence. This thesis addresses in detail three ranges of problems in which the use of herbal therapy could be considered. Following three ranges of problems were selected: liver diseases, painful joints, nervousness and insomnia. Clinical studies were explored to substantiate the effects of individual herbs or their substances. Preclinical studies were used in case of deficiency in clinical studies. The outcome of this thesis was to approve or - on the contrary - to disapprove the effects quoted by the use of folk medicine herbs. From the result of this thesis it emerges, that not all popular quoted herbal indications are verified by sufficient evidence. However, for a considerable part of the quoted herbs their effects were...

The diploma thesis concentrates on medicinal plants, their use and effects in the treatment of diseases. The thesis summarizes some effects of medicinal substances contained in plants and herbs. They are suitable for use in selected diseases. The research part of diploma thesis deals with the mapping of methods of treatment and production of herbal products among university students. The thesis also examines whether students are inclined to use more herbal therapy over conventional pharmaceutical drugs. It investigated whether information on herbs in schools sufficient. KEY WORDS medicinal plants, plant's medicinal substances, herbs, products, phytotherapy

Submitted by GUILHERME RODRIGUES TEODORO null (guilhermerte@uol.com.br) on 2016-03-18T16:38:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese versao final guilherme em pdf.pdf: 1687373 bytes, checksum: 7ecfd9e5312d17f5c4885c915efc1671 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-03-21T20:00:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 teodoro_gr_dr_sjc.pdf: 1687373 bytes, checksum: 7ecfd9e5312d17f5c4885c915efc1671 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-21T20:00:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 teodoro_gr_dr_sjc.pdf: 1687373 bytes, checksum: 7ecfd9e5312d17f5c4885c915efc1671 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a efetividade frente a Candida albicans da fração enriquecida em fenólicos (FE) das folhas de Buchenavia tomentosa além das substâncias ácido gálico (AG), corilagina, kaempferol e vitexina, substâncias fenólicas que foram previamente detectadas no extrato aquoso de B. tomentosa livres ou encapsuladas em ciclodextrinas. Para tal, foi realizado teste de microdiluição com cepas padrão e isolados clínicos e análise química da FE por espectrometria de massa (ESI-MS). Detectou-se que o extrato acetônico foi a FE e AG foi a substância fenólica mais eficiente contra C. albicans. O efeito de FE e AG contra os fatores de virulência de C. albicans foram analisados. FE e AG foram encapsulados em 2-hidroxipropil-beta-ciclodextrina e tiveram sua análise química realizada. As CIMs e CFMs dos encapsulados foram determinadas, porém apenas o AG encapsulado teve sua ação anti-biofilme e in vivo verificadas. A citotoxicidade de AG e FE livres e encapsulados foi determinada. As CIMs variaram de 5,0 e 0,625 mg/ml para o ácido gálico e 2,5 e 0,019 mg/ml para FE. AG e as outras moléculas foram encontradas na FE. Não foram encontrados CFMs. Os fenólicos estudados também foram encontrados em FE por ESI/MS. Tanto FE quanto AG tiveram efeito direto nos fatores de virulência de C. albicans, exceto sobre a secreção de exoenzimas. Não houve diferença na CIM entre as substâncias livres e encapsuladas. AG encapsulado teve melhor ação anti-biofilme do sua forma livre. Foi verificada melhora clínica de lesões eritematosas no palato de ratos, porém não foi possível. A citotoxicidade das substâncias livres ou encapsuladas variou de moderava a leve para FE e foi moderada para AG. Após as análises, observou-se o efeito anti-C. albicans de FE e AG. AG encapsulado apresentou promissor efeito anti-biofilme e aparente melhora clínica nas lesões sugestivas de candidose eritematosa na mucosa palatar dos ratos. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness against Candida albicans of fraction enriched in phenolic (FE) of Buchenavia leaves tomentosa beyond substances gallic acid (GA), corilagin, kaempferol and vitexin, phenolic substances previously detected in the aqueous extract of B. tomentosa, free or encapsulated in cyclodextrins. Microdilution test with standard strains and clinical isolates besides the chemical analysis of FE by mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) were carried out. The acetone extract was the FE and AG was the most efficient phenolic substance against C. albicans. The effect of FE and AG against the virulence factors of C. albicans was also analyzed. FE and AG were encapsulated into 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and had their chemical analyses made. MICs and MFCs of encapsulated have been determined. Solely the GA encapsulated had its anti-biofilm and in vivo action verified. Cytotoxicity of free and encapsulated GA and FE were determined. The MIC ranged from 5,0 to 0,625 mg/ml for GA and 2,5 and 0,019 mg/ml for FE. MFCs values were not found. All phenolics molecules were found in FE by ESI/MS. AG and FE had a direct effect on virulence factors of C. albicans, except on the secretion of exoenzymes. There was no difference in the CIM between free and encapsulated substances. The anti-biofilm effect was better in GA encapsuladed than its free form. A clinical improvement of sugestives erythematous lesions on the palate of rats was observed, although the hyphaes were not found in the palatar mucosa. The cytotoxicity for all substances was moderated. After the analysis, we observed the anti-C. albicans effect of GA and FE. AG encapsulated showed promising anti-biofilm effect and apparent clinical improvement in lesions suggestive of erythematous candidiasis in palatar mucosa of rats. / FAPESP: 2012/16805-5 / FAPESP: 2013/00037-1 / CAPES - PDSE: 99999.000217/2014-00

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Twenty four Holstein calves and heifers naturally infected were used to evaluate the effect of garlic supply on helminth control. The preparation consisted to triturated garlic, 50%, plus water or alcohol 92º, 50%, orally-administrable on the animals. Treatments (T) consisted of a negative control (T1), garlic at 60 (T2) and 120g on alcoholic extract (T3); 60 (T4) and 120g on aqueous extract/100kg of life weight (T5) and the positive control with Albendasole at 10% (T6). The phitotherapic treatments were repeated after 14th day if the infection was superior to 400 eggs per gram of faeces (EPG). The quantitative and qualitative coproculture technique was performed to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of the treatments. During all experimental period (54 days) the mean efficacy of EPG were 43 (T2), 50 (T3), 41 (T4), 61 (T5) and 85% (T6). Differences between treated and control groups was observed in EPG and in relative percentage of infective larvae and the larval development. Partial control was found with the garlic solutions on gastrointestinal nematodes. Better results were found with 120g aqueous extract solution. / Para avaliar a atividade anti-helmíntica do alho suplementado, foram utilizadas 24 bezerras e novilhas da raça Holandesa, naturalmente infectadas. As soluções foram preparadas triturando-se o alho, 50%, mais água ou álcool 92º, 50%, administrando-se oralmente aos animais. Os tratamentos (T) foram constituídos pelo grupo controle negativo (T1); alho a 60 (T2) e 120g em extração alcoólica (T3); 60 (T4) e 120g em extrato aquoso/100kg de peso vivo (T5); e o grupo controle positivo com Albendasole a 10% (T6). Os tratamentos fitoterápicos foram repetidos a cada 14 dias, caso a infecção fosse superior a 400 ovos por grama de fezes (OPG). A técnica de coprocultura quantitativa e qualitativa foi empregada para avaliar a eficácia anti-helmíntica dos tratamentos. Durante todo o período experimental (54 dias), a eficácia média de OPG foi de 43 (T2), 50 (T3), 41(T4), 61 (T5) e 85% (T6). Foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos controle e tratados para OPG e na porcentagem relativa de larvas infectantes e desenvolvimento larval. O uso das soluções de alho demonstraram controle parcial de nematódeos gastrintestinais. Os melhores resultados foram encontrados com a solução de 120g de extrato aquoso.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-02-22Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:55:48Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 nader_tt_me_jabo.pdf: 599172 bytes, checksum: 763899c02a69274b2e4175a8a9dc4707 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial de atividade antimicrobiana in vitro dos extratos de algumas plantas endêmicas do Cerrado, tais como Baccharis dracunculifolia, Cochlospermum regium, Croton antisyphiliticus, Eugenia dysenterica e Lippia sidoides, frente a estirpes de Staphylococcus aureus isoladas de leite de vacas com mastite e de fontes de contaminação envolvidas na epidemiologia da mastite bovina. Os extratos foram preparados a partir das partes aéreas e sistema radicular das plantas, utilizando os solventes metanol, hexano e clorofórmio, por processo de maceração estática. Para avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana foram aplicadas as técnicas de difusão em disco, microdiluição em caldo para determinação da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e Concentração Bactericida Mínima (MBC). Dentre os extratos que apresentaram atividade bacteriostática, o extrato hexânico de Baccharis dracunculifolia destacou-se com CIM de 10 mg/mL sobre 45% das estirpes. Enquanto o extrato clorofórmico de Croton antisyphiliticus, com atividade bactericida, inibiu a multiplicação de 100% das estirpes de Staphylococcus aureus, com CIM variando entre 1,03mg/mL e 4,15 mg/mL. O estudo demonstra ainda, que tais extratos vegetais apresentaram resultados superiores aos obtidos com a gentamicina, princípio ativo muito utilizado no combate à mastite bovina, reforçando a importância das plantas medicinais como recurso terapêutico. / The purpose of this study was to assess the potential of in vitro antimicrobial activity of the extracts of certain endemic plants in the Brazilian Cerrado, such as Baccharis dracunculifolia, Cochlospermum regium, Croton antisyphiliticus, Eugenia dysenterica and Lippia sidoides, against strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the milk of cows with mastitis and sources of contamination involved in the epidemiology of bovine mastitis. The extracts were prepared by using aerial parts and radicular systems of the plants, using methanol, hexane and chloroform as solvents, extracted with static maceration. Techniques of disc diffusion, broth microdillution for the determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were used for the assessment of antimicrobial activity. Among the extracts with bacteriostatic activity, the hexanic extract of Baccharis dracunculifolia had a 10 mg/mL MIC against 45% of the strains, whereas the chloroformic extract of Croton antisyphiliticus, with bactericidal activity, inhibited the multiplication of 100% of the Staphylococcus aureus strains, whose MIC varied between 1.03mg/mL and 4.15 mg/mL. The study also demonstrated that the results of these plant extracts are superior to the results obtained with gentamicin, an active principle commonly used against bovine mastitis, reinforcing the importance of medicinal plants as a therapeutic resource.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-03-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:17:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 cala_ac_me_jabo.pdf: 748222 bytes, checksum: cf47c5334ff6a1f2e9b54a930c87bc27 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Em virtude da importância que os pequenos ruminantes desempenham no setor agropecuário e da necessidade de se encontrar alternativas de baixo custo para o controle das helmintoses, este trabalho objetivou avaliar a atividade anti-helmíntica dos extratos de Artemisia annua, Melia azedarach e Trichilia claussenii. Os extratos, aquoso, bicarbonato de sódio, diclorometano, etanólico de A. annua, hexânico de M. azedarach e o metanólico de T. claussenii, foram avaliados em testes in vitro de eclodibilidade larvar (TEL) e de desenvolvimento larvar (TDL) sobre nematódeos gastrintestinais de ovinos. O extrato de bicarbonato de sódio de A. annua e artemisinina (bioativo purificado) foram avaliados in vivo em ovinos Santa Inês infectados por nematódeos gastrintestinais com base na avaliação do hematócrito, na contagem de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) e coprocultura. Os princípios ativos dos extratos foram quantificados com base na cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência - índice de refração (CLAE-IR), ultravioleta (CLAE- UV) e líquido-líquido (CLAE- LL). A capacidade antioxidante do extrato de bicarbonato de sódio foi determinada pelo método ORAC (capacidade de absorção do radical oxigênio) e a artemisinina eliminada foi quantificada pela CLAE-UV. Analisados pelos testes probit e de Tukey. O extrato de bicarbonato de sódio de A. annua foi o mais eficiente in vitro com CL50(concentração letal) de 0, 0677 μg/mL e CL99 de 1,27 μg/mL no TEL e no TDL a CL50 foi de 1,67 μg/mL e a CL99 de 23,8 μg/mL. No teste in vivo, a redução máxima do OPG foi de 31,97% no 14º dia nos animais tratados com o extrato de bicarbonato de sódio de A. annua (2 g/kg pv) e de 41,37% no 15º nos animais que receberam artemisinina (100 mg/kg pv). Na coprocultura obteve-se 91,2% de H. contortus, 8,4% de Tricostrongylus sp. e 0,3% de Oesophagostomum sp. Os... / Given the importance that small ruminant plays in the livestock and the need to find alternatives of low-costs for the control of helminthes, the objectives of this study was to evaluate the anthelmintic activities of extracts from Artemisia annua, Melia azedarach and Trichilia claussenii. The extracts, aqueous, sodium bicarbonate, dichloromethane, ethanol of A. annua, hexane of M. azedarach and methanol of T. claussenii, were evaluated in vitro tests of larval hatchability (TEL) and larval development (TDL) on gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep. The extract of sodium bicarbonate A. annua and artemisinin (bioactive purified) were evaluated in vivo in Santa Ines sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes based on the assessment of hematocrit, egg count per gram of feces (OPG) and stool culture. The active ingredients of the extracts were quantified based on liquid chromatography with high efficiency - an index of refraction (HPLC-IR), ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) and liquid-liquid (HPLC-LL). The antioxidant activity of sodium bicarbonate extract was determined by ORAC method (absorption capacity of the radical oxygen) and artemisinin in the feces was quantified by HPLC-UV. The results were analyzed by SAS probit and Tukey test. The extract of sodium bicarbonate A. annua, in vitro, was the most effective with LC50 of 0,0677 μg/mL and 1,27 μg/mL of CL99 in TEL, and in the TDL LC50 was 1,67μg/mL and CL99 of 23,8μg/mL. In vivo test, the maximum reduction in EPG was 31,97% on day 14 in animals treated with the extract of sodium bicarbonate A. annua (2g/ kg body weight) and 41.37% on day 15 in animals received artemisinin (100 mg/kg bw). In stool culture was obtained 91, 2% of H. contortus, 8, 4% Tricostrongylus sp. and 0, 3% of Oesophagostomum sp. The results show the need for more studies with higher doses of extracts, other alternatives of... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)