This thesis explores memory performance for smartphone workloads. We design a Video Conference Workload (VCW) to model typical smartphone usage. We describe a trace-based methodology which uses a software implementation to mimic the behaviour of specialised hardware accelerators. Our methodology stores dataflow information from the original application to maintain the relationships between requests. We first study seven address mapping schemes with our VCW, using a first-ready, first-come-first-served (FR-FCFS) memory scheduler. Our results show the best performing scheme is up to 82% faster than the worst. The VCW is memory intensive, with up to 86.8% bandwidth utilisation using the best performing scheme. We also test a Web Browsing and a set of computer vision workloads. Most are not memory intensive, with utilisation under 15%. Finally, we compare four schedulers and find that the FR-FCFS scheduler using the Write Drain mode [8] performed the best, outperforming the worst scheduler by 6.3%.

The current trend of ever larger clusters and data centers has coincided with a dramatic increase in the cost and power of these installations. While many efficiency improvements have focused on processor power and cooling costs, reducing the cost and power consumption of high-performance memory has mostly been overlooked. This thesis proposes a new address translation model called Dynamic Partitioned Global Address Space (DPGAS) that extends the ideas of NUMA and software-based approaches to create a high-performance hardware model that can be used to reduce the overall cost and power of memory in larger server installations. A memory model and hardware implementation of DPGAS is developed, and simulations of memory-intensive workloads are used to show potential cost and power reductions when DPGAS is integrated into a server environment.

A partir du constat fait auprès des étudiants d’espagnol langue étrangère qui ont beaucoup de difficultés à maîtriser l’utilisation des termes d’adresse, ce travail tente d’en élucider les raisons et propose des réflexions pour parvenir à régler le problème. Les termes d’adresse en tant que déictiques personnels et sociaux sont les marqueurs de la relation interpersonnelle que tout locuteur construit avec son interlocuteur. En espagnol, le système de l’adresse est complexe de par ses variations diatopiques ainsi que par les spécificités de son système, notamment du pronom usted, qui tout en désignant un allocutaire a une morphologie de troisième personne. De plus, il faut tenir compte de la situation de communication, qui est variable selon les cultures et les sociétés. A partir d’un corpus de données provoquées composé d’interactions orales d’étudiants français universitaires, nous faisons une analyse interactionnelle et pragmalinguistique qui permet de dégager les difficultés majeures que pose l’apprentissage et la maîtrise en contexte des termes d’adresse, pronoms de deuxième personne et formes nominales. Il est démontré que les erreurs présentes dans les discours des étudiants ne sont pas uniquement d’origine linguistique, mais sont aussi induites par un manque d’adéquation à la situation de communication. Ainsi, les termes d’adresse sont l’un des éléments dont l’utilisation ne dépend pas uniquement du niveau d’interlangue mais aussi de la compétence socioculturelle des locuteurs. / From the observation made with the spanish foreign language students have great difficulty in mastering the use of terms of address, this work tries to elucidate the reasons which offers reflections to the problem. Terms of address as a personal and social deictic are markers of the interpersonal relationship that all speakers built with his interlocutor. In spanish, the address system is complex variations diatopiques as well as the specific features of its system, including the pronoun usted, which designated an allocutaire has a morphology of third person. Furthermore, it must take into account the situation of communication, which is variable depending on the cultures and societies. From a corpus of data consisting of oral interactions of french university students, we make an interactional and pragmalinguistic analysis which allows to identify the major difficulties posed by learning and mastery in context of the terms of address, second-person pronouns and nominal forms. It is shown that these errors in the speech of the students are not only of linguistic origin, but are also induced by a lack of fitness for the communication situation. Thus, the address terms are one of the elements whose use depends not only on the level of interlanguage, but also of socio-cultural competence of the speakers.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka retorik i synnerhet språkets kommunikativa egenskaper och textförfattarnas intentioner genom att fokusera på tilltal och modalhjälpverb i sverigefinska jobbannonser. Materialet består av finsk- och svenskspråkiga jobbannonser, där arbetsgivaren vill anställa en finsktalande person. Materialet har publicerats på den svenska arbetsförmedlingens hemsida och på två svenska rekryteringsbyråers hemsidor. På både svenska och finska har det offentliga språket blivit informellt. Resultatet visar att det är vanligt även i de sverigefinska jobbannonserna och att de finska jobbannonserna delvis är översättningar. Olika sätt att tilltala en annan person användes frekvent på båda språk, men eftersom konstruktionerna i den ursprungliga texten alltid delvis översätts till måltexten och svenska texter innehåller sådana former, kan översättningen leda till en generös användning av tilltalets olika former i översatta finska texter. Jobbannonser har också blivit mer krävande, vilket kan bevisas genom att användningen av modala hjälpverb ökat, men även andra sätt användes. / The purpose of the study is to explore the rhetorics of Sweden-Finnish job advertisements, the communicative features of the language and the intentions of the text producer, by concentrating on addressing and modal auxiliaries. The data consists of job advertisements written in Finnish and Swedish, where the employer was looking for a Finnish-speaking employee. These were published on the Swedish employment agency’s homepage and on two Swedish recruitment agencies’ homepages. Both Swedish and Finnish public language has become informal. It is common to address another person using the 2nd person singular pronouns. The study shows that this is usual also in Sweden Finnish job advertisements and that the Finnish job advertisements partly are translations. Different addressing forms were used frequently in both languages but because the constructions of the original text often are translated and Swedish texts include more informal addressing forms, the translation may cause a generous use of different addressing forms in the Finnish language. Job announcements have become more demanding, which can be seen in the increasing use of modal auxiliaries, even though other ways were also used.

Software vulnerabilities in programs and malware deployments have been increasing almost every year since we started measuring them. Information about how to program securely, how malware shall be avoided and technological countermeasures for this are more available than ever. Still, the trend seems to favor the attacker. This thesis tries to visualize the effects of a selection of technological countermeasures that have been proposed by researchers. These countermeasures: non-executable memory, address randomization, system call interception and file integrity monitoring are described along with the attacks they are designed to defend against. The coverage of each countermeasure is then visualized with the help of attack trees. Attack trees are normally used for describing how systems can be attacked but here they instead serve the purpose of showing where in an attack a countermeasure takes effect. Using attack trees for this highlights a couple of important aspects of a security mechanism, such as how early in an attack it is effective and which variants of an attack it potentially defends against. This is done by the use of what we call defensive codes that describe how a defense mechanism counters a sub-goal in an attack. Unfortunately the whole process is not well formalized and depends on many uncertain factors.

La présente thèse s’inscrit dans le champ d’études sur la politesse verbale et se concentre en particulier sur l’emploi des termes d’adresse en polonais et en français. Inspirée par les études sur l’ethos communicatif (Béal, 1993, Kerbrat-Orecchioni, 1992), elle se donne comme objectif d’étudier les besoins des locuteurs natifs concernant l’expression de la relation interpersonnelle et de la politesse verbalisées par les termes d’adresse. Selon l’hypothèse de départ, en polonais l’expression de la relation est plus détaillée et, par conséquent plus précise, qu’en français. Malgré les similarités systémiques (le choix de formes est globalement comparable), la façon dont les termes d’adresse sont employés dans les deux langues n’est pas identique. L’étude prouve que les locuteurs français emploient les termes d’adresse de façon plutôt pragmatique, comme une nécessité communicationnelle, tandis que les locuteurs polonais y trouvent une réelle expression des relations sociales et des attitudes. Cette étude entreprend une approche empirique basée sur l’exploration du corpus. L’analyse des emplois en contexte doit permettre une meilleure compréhension de la valeur réelle de chaque terme d’adresse. Elle propose une évaluation des facteurs contextuels le plus influant sur le choix de la forme ainsi qu’une estimation du degré de politesse ou de familiarité exprimé par chaque terme d’adresse. L’objectif étant d’aider les locuteurs non-natifs à comprendre le fonctionnement des termes d’adresse dans une langue dont ils n’ont pas l’intuition, cette étude propose, comme résultat des analyses, les équivalents « prêt-à-parler » des formules d’adresse dans les deux langues. / This dissertation presents research based on studies in the field of verbal politeness and inspired by the studies on communicative ethos (Béal, 1993; Kerbrat-Orecchioni, 1992). It investigates the use of terms of address in Polish and French. The aim was to analyze the needs of native speakers in terms of expression of interpersonal relation and politeness, as they are verbalized through terms of address. The hypothesis was that in Polish the expression of politeness is more detailed, and thus more precise, than in French. Despite systemic similarities (the choice of forms is similar on the whole), the way of using terms of address in conversation is not the same. This study demonstrates that French speakers use terms of address in a more pragmatic way, as a communicational obligation, whilst Polish speakers tend to use them to express a whole range of different types of social relations and attitudes. The study uses a corpus-based approach. Analyzing uses in context should lead to a better understanding of the real value of each term of address. This dissertation presents an analysis of the contextual factors that influence the choice of the proper form, as well as an estimation of the degree to which each term of address expresses either politeness or familiarity. The main objective being to help non-native speakers to understand how terms of address function in a language for which they have little or no intuition, this study offers, as a result of analysis, “ready-to-speak” equivalent formulas for address exchanges in both languages.

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This Master's thesis is focused on the IPv6 protocol implementation in a business environment. The thesis theoretically describes parts of the protocol which are then used in a real environment with respect to maximal compatibility and security. The thesis deals with hardware components, router configuration on FreeBSD OS, and switch configuration with RouterOS. The thesis also proposes how to monitor the network.

This diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of a security solution that was recently deployed by a British company renting office space. This validation system is based on a database of MAC addresses, a database of clients and active filtering of connected devices. The first part explains the concepts of computer network, VLAN and basic concepts needed to understand the function of dynamic assignment of VLAN and IP addresses. The second part is devoted to measurements based on hypotheses, according to which measures are proposed in the last part to solve these security problems.

This diploma thesis deals with switching components of modern communication networks. A switch architecture focused on the quality of service is described in this paper and there are two switch models designed and simulated in the simulating program MATLAB-SIMULINK. The first model is based on classic switching and the other one is controlled by neural network. A laboratory exercise suitable for communication networks education is created in this paper on the basis of designed models.