Female genital mutilation is a deep rooted tradition that occurs in many parts of the world. Immigration has increased the number of genital mutilation within the country's borders. Genital mutilation can present problems both physically and mentally. The student health department in Linköping municipality actively works to educate schoolchildren about genital mutilation. They need a brochure which will be available to school nurses in their work and in waiting rooms in connection with the school nurses' reception in primary and secondary schools in Linköping. This work is about practicing principles of visual rhetoric and information design, in order to inform about genital mutilation as well and motivate they in need, to seek help. Interviews, tests and theories have resulted in a design proposal for the brochure. / Kvinnlig könsstympning är en djupt rotad tradition som förekommer i flera delar av världen. I och med invandringen har antalet könsstympade inom landets gränser ökat. Könsstympning kan innebära problem både fysiskt och psykiskt. Elevhälsans medicinska del i Linköpings kommun arbetar aktivt med att upplysa skolungdomar om könsstympning. De är i behov av en broschyr som ska vara tillgänglig för skolsköterskor i deras arbete samt i väntrum i anslutning till skolsköterskornas mottagning i grund- och gymnasieskolor i Linköping. Det här arbetet går ut på att praktisera principer för visuell retorik och informationsdesign, i syfte att informera om könsstympning samt mana drabbade att söka hjälp. Intervjuer, utprovningar och teorier har resulterat i ett designförslag till broschyren.

The diploma thesis covers the principles of dashboard or report design. The first part of thesis is focused on introduction to the issue of reporting, based on current literature. There are the definitions of basic terms, position of reporting in corporate structure, history and basic division in this part. Further, this thesis is focused on information design. There are descriptions of basic visualization elements commonly used in reporting, after that the issue of using colours and finally the information about the appropriate distribution of these elements on the surface of the dashboard or report. In the practical part of the thesis, there is primarily created the methodology of comparison of reporting tools. The goal of this methodology is to compare two specific tools for obtaining information about the qualities of compared reporting tools. As a part of this methodology, there is also a list of required functions and also a few user criteria which are assessed based on the practical use of these tools during creation of specific dashboard. Complex design of this sample dashboard is also part of the methodology. Methodology was proved by its application to two compared tools, namely the SAP Crystal Reports 2011 and Tableau Desktop 8.1. Result of this comparison contained a lot of information about the tools which can be used by reader as a basis for creation his or her own opinion on the tools. Author stated his own recommendation which of the compared tools he would choose for future work in dashboard design.

Submitted by Rafael Santana (rafael.silvasantana@ufpe.br) on 2017-07-17T18:18:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) TESEcompleta-DIGITAL-compressed.pdf: 13066672 bytes, checksum: 03ca5aa1870c43fac19ce51d25495345 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-17T18:18:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) TESEcompleta-DIGITAL-compressed.pdf: 13066672 bytes, checksum: 03ca5aa1870c43fac19ce51d25495345 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-13 / CAPES / O intuito da presente pesquisa foi demonstrar a importância do Design da Informação (DI) no âmbito da habilidade de compreensão infantil de representações simbólicas, por meio da observação da capacidade infantil em entender a variável sequencialidade exposta em receitas culinárias ilustradas (RCIs). A partir do método de estudos de recepção em comunicação, desenvolvido pelo Laboratorio de Analisis Instrumental de la Comunicación (LAICOM), foram avaliados os efeitos de idade, experiência visual e dificuldades de interpretação em crianças brasileiras na faixa etária de 4 a 10 anos. Um único procedimento culinário foi apresentado em três diferentes composições a 187 crianças, divididas por faixa etária e por composição, com o intuito de buscar informações sobre o processo de recepção infantil. Supõe-se, de início, diferenças interpretativas entre níveis de desenvolvimento e, que independente da idade, as crianças percebam melhor e com mais facilidade a sequencialidade quando ela é reiterada e enfatizada. A organização do material utilizado nos estudos de recepção baseou-se em autores do DI com foco no estudo da linguagem gráfica e da representação processual, do desenvolvimento infantil, e em alguns estudos prévios de recepção. A observação estatística dos dados apresentou dois resultados principais: primeiramente, que a diferença interpretativa referente a cada composição - apresentadas separadamente - foi estatisticamente anódina; e em segundo lugar, que a visível diferença da frequência de acertos entre as faixas etárias confirma uma disparidade significativa de capacidade de interpretação de acordo com os diferentes níveis de desenvolvimento. Em termos qualitativos, observa-se que a variação de combinações e de elementos dentro de uma determinada composição define diferentes caminhos de leitura e diferentes interpretações. A análise qualitativa acusou que crianças entre 8 e 10 anos tem maior experiência visual, maior capacidade interpretativa e menores dificuldades de interpretação das representações simbólicas que determinam a compreensão da sequencialidade em procedimentos ilustrados. Uma pequena diferença de acertos entre as composições sugere que a partir de uma determinada etapa de desenvolvimento, as representações simbólicas são mais facilmente compreendidas, ainda que exijam atenção cuidadosa no quesito ambiguidade. Assim, pode-se concluir que, independentemente da idade, mensagens visuais de procedimento, sobretudo para crianças, devem ser claras, precisas, bem definidas e o mais diretas possível. / The aim of this study was to demonstrate the importance of Information Design (ID) in the context of the children's ability to comprehend symbolic representations, through the observation of their ability to understand ‘sequentiality’ in the exposed “Illustrated Recipes” (IRs). By means of the communication reception studies method, developed by the Laboratorio de Analisis Instrumental de la Comunicación (LAICOM), we evaluated the effects of age, visual experience and interpretation difficulties in brazilian children between 4 and10 years old. One single culinary procedure was presented in three different forms to 187 children, divided by age and composition, whit the intention of searching information about children’s reception process. Outright, the existence of interpretative differences between levels of development was assumed and also that, regardless of age, children perceive sequentiality better and easier when it is reiterated and emphasized. The design and organization of the material used in the reception studies was based on ID authors, focused on the study of graphic language and procedural representation and children development and it was also based on previous reception studies conducted within this research. The statistical observation data presented two main results: firstly, that the interpretive difference for each composition - presented to the children separately - was statistically anodyne; and secondly, that the visible difference in the frequency of hits between the ages confirms a statistically significant disparity concerning their capacity of interpreting the recipes, according to the different levels of development. Qualitatively, it could be observed that the variation and the combination of elements within a given composition define different paths of reading and of interpreting. The qualitative analysis indicated that children between 8 and 10 years old have greater visual experience, greater interpretative capacity and lower difficulties to understand symbolic representations, which is determinant to the understanding of sequential illustrated procedures. The slight difference in between the arrangements of the different compositions suggests that from a certain stage of development, the symbolic representations are more easily understood, even if it still requires careful attention in order to identify ambiguity. Thus, it could be concluded that, regardless of age, visual messages representing procedures, especially targeted at children, must always be clear, precise and well defined and should be as straightforward as possible.

La diabetes tipo 2 es una enfermedad crónica; padecida mayormente por personas adultas. En el Perú, Lima es la región con mayor porcentaje de pacientes con diabetes, donde se refleja la carencia de conocimiento sobre su enfermedad, influenciada por el nivel de educación, manejo de información cuestionable, complicaciones cognitivas, costumbres erróneas, entre otros causantes asociados a un autocontrol no eficaz de la diabetes. Asimismo, el diseño de la información es una herramienta que sintetiza y estructura el conocimiento en esquemas fáciles de comprender. Esta investigación propone evaluar el impacto del diseño de información en el conocimiento eficiente del autocontrol de diabetes tipo. Se hipotetiza que un correcto desarrollo del diseño de información configurará información compleja de esta enfermedad hacia los pacientes, haciendo uso correcto de los elementos, estructura, composición y correcta jerarquía visual en los medios informativos frecuentes de los pacientes. Esta investigación es cuasiexperimental y de diseño mixto, se desarrolla un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo. Los resultados revelaron que la fuente más concurrida por los pacientes es el internet en un 42.86%. El 40% no realiza ejercicios y el 60% a veces hace ejercicio. Asimismo, las infografías digitales concurridas por los pacientes presentan información relevante pero no específica sobre la DM2. Desarrollan más información textual que pictórica y no desarrollan estética consistente (unidad) a diferencia de las infografías de instituciones de diabetes. Existen ausencia de grillas en la tercera infografía y el tamaño de la tipografía no es la correcta para personas con DM2, quienes pueden presentar complicaciones oculares. / Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease; mostly adults suffer from it. In Peru, Lima is the region with the highest percentage of patients with diabetes, where attention to knowledge about their disease is reflected, influenced by the level of education, questionable information management, cognitive complications due to the disease, erroneous customs, among other causes associated with an ineffective self-control of diabetes. Likewise, information design is a tool that synthesizes and structures knowledge in easily understood schemes. This research proposes to evaluate the impact of information design on the efficient knowledge of type diabetes self-control. It is hypothesized that a correct development of the information design will configure complex information of this disease towards the patients, making correct use of the elements, structure, composition and correct visual hierarchy in the frequent informative media of the patients. This research is quasi-experimental and mixed design, develops a qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results revealed that the most popular source for patients is the internet at 42.86%. 40% do not exercise and 60% sometimes exercise. Likewise, digital infographics attended by patients present relevant but not specific information about DM2. Develop more textual information than consistent pictorial and non-dynamic aesthetic (unit) unlike the infographics of diabetes institutions. There are no grids in the third infographic and the typography size is not correct for people with DM2, who may have ocular complications. / Trabajo de investigación

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la eficiencia comunicativa en la presentación de la información sobre educación sexual y planificación familiar en los materiales didácticos que se utilizan para poder contribuir a reducir el riesgo de embarazo adolescente en la ciudad de Iquitos. Es por ello que se planteó como hipótesis que los materiales didácticos sobre educación sexual no generan un impacto en los adolescentes, lo cual es perjudicial debido a que no pueden comprender las causas y efectos del embarazo. El tipo de investigación es descriptiva, la cual tiene como finalidad examinar los elementos visuales y materiales que utilizan los centros de salud de la ciudad de Loreto. Además, se busca analizar si son adecuados y si generan un impacto en la población adolescente. Asimismo, el diseño de la investigación es mixta, contando con un trabajo de campo el cual tuvo como finalidad obtener información directa de los mismos profesionales y especialistas en los temas de la investigación. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que no existe materiales didácticos propios de la región. Además, que la información que brindan a las adolescentes es desactualizada, explícita y descargada de internet. También, se evidencia una falta de inversión económica por parte del Estado en el sector salud de la ciudad. Finalmente, se pudo determinar que los materiales didácticos sobre educación sexual que se emplean en los centros de salud no son herramientas adecuadas ni de gran impacto para las adolescentes. / This research aims to determine the communicative efficiency in the presentation of information on sexual education and family planning in the teaching materials that are used to help reduce the risk of teenage pregnancy in the city of Iquitos. That is why it was hypothesized that teaching materials on sexual education do not generate an impact on adolescents, which is harmful because they cannot understand the causes and effects of pregnancy. The type of research is descriptive, which aims to examine the visual and material elements used by health centers in the city of Loreto. In addition, it seeks to analyze if they are adequate and if they generate an impact on the adolescent population. Also, the design of the research is mixed, with a field work which was aimed at obtaining direct information from the same professionals and specialists in the research topics. The results obtained show that there are no teaching materials typical of the region. In addition, that the information they provide to adolescents is outdated, explicit and downloaded from the internet. Also, there is a lack of economic investment by the State in the health sector of the city. Finally, it was determined that the teaching materials on sexual education used in health centers are not adequate tools or of great impact for adolescent girls. / Trabajo de investigación

Bachelor thesis in information design, field of study: spatial design.  Calix and Preciform are companies that manufacture products for the car industry. They have both factory and office spaces on their premises and many of their customer meetings occur on site. The employees are displeased with their workplace since they feel that it is disorganised, and they desire a workplace that has a coherent spatial design.  This study will explore how hierarchies and storytelling can be used to create a workplace that communicates the company’s identity whilst helping first time visitors with wayfinding. Literature studies about legibility, corporate storytelling, spatial experience, colour and form together with methods of observation and a survey have been the foundation for a design proposal that is presented through sketches and 3D pictures. Keywords: information design, spatial design, legibility, corporate identity, wayshowing / Examensarbete på grundnivå, informationsdesign med inriktning rumslig gestaltning. Calix och Preciform är företag som arbetar med att skapa produkter till fordonsindustrin. I deras lokaler finns kontor och fabrik och kundmöten sker på plats i deras konferensrum och fikarum. Medarbetarna är missnöjda med miljön i lokalerna då det känns rörigt och de önskar en röd tråd och uppfräschning i utformningen. I den här studien undersöks hur hierarkier och berättande kan skapa en miljö som kommunicerar företagets identitet och samtidigt skapa en vägledning för förstagångsbesökare. Litteraturstudier om legibility, corporate storytelling, rumsupplevelse, färg och form i samband med observationer och frågeformulär har varit till grund för ett gestaltningsförslag som presenteras genom 3D bilder. Nyckelord: informationsdesign, rumslig gestaltning, legibility, företagsidentitet, vägledning

This dissertation examines how political institutions shape incentives for the transmission of policy-relevant private information. The first two chapters present theoretical frameworks to examine strategic information transmission to political candidates by a biased adviser. The third explores the causal impact of gender representation on municipal outcomes in the United States. In Chapter One, I examine a model of "cheap talk" lobbying with no commitment. A biased adviser seeks to influence the policy outcome of a Downsian election by sending messages to the two candidates before they announce their policy platforms. I show that the adviser may credibly reveal some information on voter preferences, but only privately to one candidate. Political competition has a disciplining effect; the adviser prefers extreme policies, but instead recommends a pragmatic policy --- one that is just close enough to voters' preference. In some situations, the presence of the biased adviser benefits the median voter. The second chapter presents a model of informational lobbying with full commitment. The biased adviser strategically designs informative signals on voter preferences that will be observed by each of the two candidates. In contrast to the cheap talk context, the optimal signal structure is shown to involve only public signals that are observed by both candidates. In particular, candidates receive precise information about how extreme voter preferences are, but not whether voters lean right or left. Consequently, both candidates choose the same biased policy, as a result of which the median voter is always worse off. Chapter Three investigates the effect of gender representation on municipal outcomes in the United States between 2008 and 2016. Using novel data, the analysis exploits close elections between male and female candidates to measure the impact of an exogenous increase in the number of female council members. Consistent with the existing literature, we find evidence of decreased per capita expenditure, which, we argue, is not driven by revenue constraints but by increased disagreement or "gridlock" within the council. We also find no significant effect of gender representation on the composition of municipal spending or on other women's political aspirations.

As Stockholm grows, Region Stockholm have begun the extensive work on expanding the subway for increased opportunities to commute. The construction process will take several years to complete and will cause complications such as noise and vibration that are likely to affect people and businesses in the immediate area. Region Stockholm are therefore keen to reach out with relevant information to those affected using audience adapted communication. In this thesis in Information Design with Specialization in Informative Illustration at Mälardalen University, a design proposal in the form of an animated film has been produced to inform about the construction process for pre-schoolers at the age of four who are affected in their school environment. The purpose of the film is to use it with the support of a teacher or educator who can use the material as a basis for dialogue with the children. The study examines the approaches that can be used to visually guide and maintain the user's attention, as well as how sounds and vibrations can be visualized in an animated film. Based on theory and empirical data, the study results in several suggestions on how to improve visual guidance, such as the importance of reducing the number of competing visual elements. It was also shown that visual metaphors can be used to visualize things that are not otherwise visible, such as sound or time. Finally, the study resulted in a design proposal in the form of an animated film that benefits from these suggested approaches. / Med anledning av att Stockholm växer har Region Stockholm påbörjat arbetet med att bygga ut tunnelbanan för ökade kommunikationsmöjligheter. Detta omfattande arbete kommer att ta ett flertal år att genomföra, samt orsaka komplikationer såsom buller och vibrationer som kommer påverka människor och verksamheter i närområdet. Region Stockholm är därför angelägna om att i god tid nå ut med relevant information till de som påverkas genom målgruppsanpassad kommunikation i sina olika kanaler. I detta examensarbete i informationsdesign med inriktning Informativ illustration på Mälardalens högskola har ett gestaltningsförslag i form av en animerad film tagits fram för att informera om byggprocessen för förskolebarn i fyraårsåldern som berörs av utbyggnationen i sin skolmiljö. Syftet med filmen är att väcka intresse hos målgruppen samt att den i skolmiljön ska kunna användas tillsammans med stöd från lärare eller pedagog som ska kunna använda materialet som underlag för dialog med barnen. Studien undersöker vilka tillvägagångssätt som kan användas för att visuellt vägleda och upprätthålla användarens uppmärksamhet i ett rörligt medium, samt hur ljud och vibrationer kan visualiseras i en animerad film. Utifrån insamlad data från teori och empiri, som bland annat innefattar barns perceptionsförmåga, resulterar studien i ett flertal förslag på hur den visuella vägledningen kan effektiviseras, exempelvis vikten av att reducera antalet konkurrerande bildelement. Det framkom även att visuella metaforer kan användas för att visualisera sådant som inte syns för blotta ögat, såsom ljud och tid. Slutligen resulterade studien i ett gestaltningsförslag i form av en animerad film som drar nytta av dessa tillvägagångssätt.

The following essay is a thesis in information design with orientation on informative illustration. The purpose of this study is to investigate, based on a given graphic assignment, how to shape an event that is a response to the great big and world-wide event, the bombing in Hiroshima. The purpose of the thesis is to explore how, in an ethical way, the way radiation can be seen on people who was on the scene. The aim of the work is to design a visualization that is ethical and at the same time easily understandable and interesting. This study is done after a graphic assignment assigned from the TT news agency. This graphic shows the effects of the radiation from the atomic bomb in Hiroshima on the population of the city and the magnitude of the consequential damage. The final design was formed by data collection and theories in visual rhetoric and cognition. Methods that have been used are a survey as well as a method for creating ethical visualization described by Katherine Hepworth, a professor of visual journalism. The results of the survey show that in order to create an ethical visualization, one must work close to one's target group. Find out what they have for past experiences and knowledge in the subject you are working on. The choice of manners also affects the feeling of images and how to interpret them. / Följande undersökning är ett examensarbete i informationsdesign med inriktning informativ illustration. Denna studie syftar till att utifrån ett givet grafikuppdrag undersöka hur man kan gestalta en händelse som är ett svar på den väldigt stora och världsomställande händelsen, bombningen i Hiroshima. Syftet med examensarbetet är att utforska hur man, på ett etiskt sätt, kan gestalta hur strålningen påverkade människorna på platsen. Målet med arbetet är att utforma en visualisering som är etiskt och samtidigt lätt förståelig och intresseväckande. Denna studie är utförd efter ett grafikuppdrag som är tilldelat från TT nyhetsbyrån. Denna grafik ska redogöra för de effekter som strålningen från atombomben i Hiroshima drabbade befolkningen i staden och hur stora följdskadorna har blivit. Genom datainsamling och teorier inom visuell retorik samt kognition utformades den slutgiltiga gestaltningen. Metoder som har används är enkät samt en metod för att skapa etisk visualisering som är beskriven av Katherine Hepworth. Hepworth är professor inom visuell journalistik. Resultatet av undersökningen påvisar att för att skapa en etisk visualisering måste man jobba nära sin målgrupp. Ta reda på vad de har för tidigare erfarenheter och kunskaper inom det ämnet man jobbar med. Valet av manér påverkar också känslan av bilder och hur man tolkar dem.

La gentrificación es un proceso urbano que se está presentando en distintas ciudades y barrios populares del mundo. El barrio conocido actualmente como Monumental Callao viene sufriendo cambios desde el año 2015 debido al Proyecto Fugaz, el cual ha traído consigo consecuencias tanto positivas como negativas. Sin embargo, los vecinos de la localidad no tienen conocimiento del término gentrificación, no saben en qué consiste el proceso y no han sido informados previamente por algún medio de la realización del Proyecto Fugaz, lo cual es perjudicial ya que sin la información necesaria no pueden tener una visión clara de lo que está ocurriendo. El objetivo de este proyecto se enfoca en utilizar el diseño de la información para explicarles a los vecinos de la zona de una manera fácil y efectiva las causas y efectos que puede tener este proceso urbanístico. Debido a la naturaleza del tema elegido, esta investigación será de campo y cualitativa, ya que es necesario conocer los avances y el impacto que esta podría tener en el público objeto de estudio. Así mismo, las técnicas a emplear serán observación no estructurada y entrevistas semi-estructuradas, utilizando como instrumentos guías de entrevistas y grabadoras audiovisuales. Finalmente, se propondrá un prototipo de solución el cual responda al problema identificado, este será un brochure que explique fácilmente la definición, causas, etapas y consecuencias de la gentrificación. Se hará un seguimiento en los testeos para medir su evolución y los resultados principales. / Gentrification is an urban process that is being presented in different cities and popular neighborhoods of the world. The neighborhood known today as Monumental Callao has been undergoing changes since 2015 due to Proyecto Fugaz, which has received the same negative consequences. However, the residents of the locality have no knowledge of the term gentrification, we do not know what the process consists of and they have not been informed in the future. Have a clear vision of what is happening. The objective of this project focuses on using information design to explain the neighbors of the area in an easy and effective way the causes and effects that this urban process can have. This information will be based on the subject of the study. Likewise, the techniques are used as interview guides and audiovisual recorders. Finally, a prototype solution is presented in which the problem is answered, it is a booklet that easily explores the definition, causes, stages and consequences of gentrification. Monitoring will be done in the tests to measure their evolution and the main results. / Trabajo de investigación