Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2017-11-23T18:05:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcia Cruz.pdf: 1367481 bytes, checksum: 113ec1645b31e2c7b76dcca4cda1ca47 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-23T18:05:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcia Cruz.pdf: 1367481 bytes, checksum: 113ec1645b31e2c7b76dcca4cda1ca47 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-07 / The present dissertation addresses a historical, perverse and persistent problem, whose combat is part of the global international agenda, that is, contemporary slavery in rural areas. Considering the broad scenario in which the theme is inserted, the research hereby presented aims to characterize the particularities of the of slave labor currently occurring in the tocantina region in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. The aim is to assess the extent to which the actions perpetrated by the 16th region Brazilian Government Agency for Labor Law Enforcement (MPT in Portuguese) are effective. In order to do so, the first chapter systematizes the different normative formulations and the international and national juridical framework destined to describe, regulate and curb this historical modality of human being exploitation, in order to identify the normative and legal elements conducive to the investigation that the study aims to proceed. From the identification of these elements, the second chapter proposes to characterize the particularities of slave labor that occurs in the context of the tocantina region, one of the regions with the highest incidence of slave labor, not only in the State of Maranhão, but also in Brazil. Based on this characterization, which dialogues with historical, economic, social and cultural variables, the study analyzes, in the third chapter, the 16th region MPT performance and to what extent this performance is effective in repressing contemporary slavery in rural area that occurs in the tocantina region. In this regard, the approach given to the Public Civil Action instrument is justified since it is the one that has the greatest coercive force among the legal instruments used by the body. The main conclusions are that the municipalities that make up the tocantina region, despite having activities focused on economic development, continue with a high rate of poverty, marginalization and illiteracy, which contributes to the significant incidence of slavery labor in the region, especially in activities like livestock, with a predominance of degrading work and debt bondage. It also notes that the MPT's performance is not in itself capable of reducing slavery in this region, since, based on the Public Civil Actions filed, it is observed that the reality of the workers rescued from the slavery regime is not modified by the MPT´s action, maintaining a high recurrence rate. / A presente dissertação aborda problemática histórica, perversa e persistente, cujo combate faz parte da agenda internacional global, qual seja, o trabalho escravo rural contemporâneo. Diante do amplo cenário no qual o tema se insere, a investigação ora apresentada objetiva caracterizar as particularidades da incidência do trabalho escravo que ocorre atualmente na região tocantina maranhense, a fim de avaliar em que medida as ações de combate promovidas pelo Ministério Público do Trabalho - MPT da 16ª região são eficazes. Para tanto, no primeiro capítulo, o estudo sistematiza as diferentes formulações normativas e o arcabouço jurídico internacional e nacional destinado a descrever, regular e coibir essa modalidade histórica de exploração do ser humano, no intuito de identificar os elementos normativos e jurídicos propícios à investigação que se quer proceder. A partir da identificação destes elementos, o segundo capítulo se propõe a caracterizar as particularidades do trabalho escravo que ocorre no contexto da região tocantina, uma das regiões de maior incidência de trabalho escravo não só do Estado do Maranhão, mas também do Brasil. Com base nesta caracterização, que dialoga com variáveis históricas, econômicas, sociais e culturais, o estudo analisa, no terceiro capítulo, a atuação do MPT da 16ª região e em que medida essa atuação é eficaz na repressão ao trabalho escravo rural contemporâneo que ocorre na região. Neste particular, o enfoque dado ao instrumento Ação Civil Pública se justifica uma vez que é o que possui maior força coercitiva dentre os instrumentos jurídicos utilizados pelo órgão. O estudo traz como principais conclusões que os municípios que compõe a região tocantina maranhense, apesar de contarem com atividades voltadas ao desenvolvimento econômico, prosseguem com elevado índice de pobreza, marginalização e analfabetismo, o que contribui para a expressiva incidência de trabalho escravo na região, sobretudo na atividade pecuária, com predominância de trabalho degradante e servidão por dívida. Constata ainda que a atuação do MPT não é capaz, por si só, de reduzir a escravidão nessa região, pois, com base nas Ações Civis Públicas ajuizadas, observa-se que a realidade dos trabalhadores resgatados do regime de escravidão não é modificada pela atuação do órgão, mantendo-se elevado a reincidência.

Online distance learning is an essential element in the continuing education of law enforcement officers across the nation. However, little research has been conducted into the use of learning management systems by law enforcement agencies as a tool for professional development. This study attempts to assess the attitudes, preferences, and influences that impact distance learning for professional development work for state law enforcement officers and their agencies. Law enforcement agencies and law enforcement training centers have failed to utilize or embrace distance-learning technologies, or they have adopted distance-learning technology without knowing the effectiveness of the training or learning. For adult learning to be active, the learner must embrace the subject and the training delivery method. The law enforcement profession has historically used traditional classroom lectures for education and hands-on demonstration for training. This study focuses on the attitudes, preferences and other factors that influence the use of distance learning for professional development by state law enforcement officers. This study incorporated an online survey of 496 Florida state law enforcement personnel employed by the Florida Highway Patrol and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission, Division of Law Enforcement. The survey consisted of 64 questions that were analyzed and results into categories of descriptive demographics, work-related, reading and writing skills, technology use, software use, self-belief, self-management, ease of use, and learning preference for a review of factors that influence the attitudes and perceptions of state law law enforcement personnel on the use of learning management systems for profession development learning. This quantitative study revealed wireless connectivity variations between metropolitan and rural counties does not influence the perception or attitude of state law enforcement personnel on the use of a learning management system. The research also revealed the learning management system does not influence their perception of online, classroom or blended learning for professional development. This research also revealed little correlation to age, race or national origin, sex, and years of experience to the preference for a learning management system for distance learning. The research suggests that level of education does not influence the attitude or perception of users on the use of a learning management system but personnel who are certified instructors do have a stronger preference towards the use of a learning management system for professional development learning. The duty assignment of patrol, investigations, supervisory and administrative, or other duties does not influence the attitude or perception of users of a learning management system.

The public focus on domestic violence has been one of the most successful campaigns of the modern women's movement. This success was achieved in part through the creation of strategic alliances among agencies and organizations responding to partner violence. One of the most contested of these alliances involved partnering with the criminal justice system. While representing an advance in holding police accountable in protecting all citizens (Coker, 2006), this alliance has had problematic consequences, particularly as it has extended state power into the lives of women of color (e.g. Richie, 2005). This problem is exacerbated by new collaborations between law enforcement and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). Federal mandates like the Secure Communities program bring together local law enforcement and ICE throughout the United States, to increase deportation rates (Immigration and Customs Enforcement, 2009). As a result, many recommendations by domestic violence advocates to survivors now potentially include the presence of ICE in that referral. This dissertation explores how domestic violence advocates within the tri-county area of Portland, Oregon are responding to law enforcement-ICE partnerships. Advocates remain understudied in the domestic violence literature, in spite of the complexity of their roles. This dissertation fills this research gap in examining the processes advocates employ in responding to dilemmas faced by marginalized survivors. A total of twenty-five advocates from three separate agencies participated in the study, which centered on focus groups carried out in the agency settings. The dissertation pursues three research questions: 1) How do advocates work through a key dilemma that has emerged in their practice? 2) What are the discursive strategies enlisted by advocates in addressing a dilemma at the border of domestic violence and immigration politics? 3) What is the relationship between each group's proximity to working with undocumented survivors and their decision-making process? A case study methodology was used to evaluate proximity to work with undocumented survivors and the organizations' general orientation to domestic violence work. Transcripts of the focus groups were analyzed using a discursive method centered on identifying how the groups worked through a set of dilemmas presented in the focus groups, which involved a crisis call scenario involving an undocumented woman and an agency practice common to many domestic violence service providers. In the analysis of discursive strategies of the groups, a key finding centered on the groups' use of a decision-tree heuristic to work through dilemmas of practice presented in the two scenarios. This discursive strategy facilitated the process of group decision-making at points where the actions required were clear and concrete. However, as more complexity, ambiguity or ambivalence were introduced, the limitations of the decision-tree strategy become more apparent. Findings related to the agency's proximity to undocumented workers suggest that this affinity was less important than was the agency's working relationship to the Criminal Justice System (CJS). Closeness to the CJS was associated with reliance on a discourse that places the police at the center of services for all survivors of domestic violence, regardless of documentation status, and a heightened focus on the risk of lethality to rationalize the risks associated with referrals involving law enforcement-ICE collaborations.

The advent of democracy in South Africa brought hope for freedom and prosperity for millions of South Africans. The country also experienced an increase in violent crime during those early years of democracy. In order to deal with the threat of crime the government had to develop policing strategies which would eradicate crime and fear of crime. As a young democracy South Africa had to look for policing models which has successfully decreased the high crime rate in developed countries. Fortunately the western democracies like the United Kingdom, United States of America and Australia had some of these answers. Firstly it was community policing, then sector policing, and finally intelligence led policing. This research focuses on the intelligence led policing model by discussing its building blocks in chronological order as follows. Firstly is the historical background of intelligence; Secondly, is information collection; Thirdly is crime analysis; and Fourthly is the Intelligence-cycle, with specific focus on the implementation process in England in the United Kingdom; New Jersey in the United States of America, South Australia State in Australia; and in the Republic of South Africa. A questionnaire was used to collect data on the implementation of intelligence led policing by the South African Police Service / Police Practice / D. Litt. et Phil. (Police Science)

The combination of analytical sensitivity and selectivity provided by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), with advanced statistical interrogation by principal component analysis (PCA), has allowed a significant advancement in the forensic discrimination of pen, pencil and glass materials based on trace characterisation.

Schweiz, Univ., Diss. u.d.T.: Riedo-Emmenegger, Christoph: Das Römische Imperium - Expansion, Machterhaltung und der Umgang mit Provokateuren--Freiburg, 2003.

Thesis (Master of Military Studies)-Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 2008. / Title from title page of PDF document (viewed on: Jan 12, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.

This research paper has examined the validity of the Forensic Assessment Interview Technique (FAINT). FAINT is a specific interview process - accepted and in current use - integrating the works of this researcher with the works of John Reid, Richard Arther, and Avinoam Sapir. The FAINT technique involves the evaluation of nonverbal behavior, projective analysis of unwitting verbal cues, and statement analysis. The fundamental hypothesis of FAINT is that truthful and deceptive criminal suspects differ demonstrably in their nonverbal, verbal and written communication, when asked to respond to a structured format of interview questions. FAINT maintains that these differences are observable and can be quantified to allow forensic interviewers to make accurate determinations of a suspect's involvement in a crime. This research has examined the validity of the technique as measured by a traditional, unweighted 3 point scale and a weighted scoring system (an issue being researched in this paper) comparatively used for determining truth or deception. This dissertation reports the results of both scoring systems, as well as a comparison between them and the historically used Behavioral Analysis Interview (BAI) that was developed by John E. Reid. / Criminology and Security Science / MA (Criminology)

Police officers provide emergency services to the public, while being simultaneously exposed to various organisational and social stressors over which they have little or no control. The outcome of this may be that highly committed and loyal police officers become psychologically and physically burned-out. Adversely, others may accept the same conditions and situations as a challenge and live an energetic and proactive life while experiencing a positive affective state (vigour) toward their duties. Officers who are burned-out may fail to meet their goal to protect the public, but eventually may suffer. The general objective of this study was to investigate vigour and burnout as obliquely related outcomes of the stress and coping process in terms of its dynamic relationship with challenges or threats, and the mediating role of personal factors, social resources and coping resources in the police context. The research is a qualitative explication of theoretical concepts and constructs, followed by a quantitative empirical survey design. The survey led to a Structural Equation Model (SEM) fit between empirical data and the Moos (1994) hypothesised stress and coping model. Seven measuring instruments were used to collect data. Job demands, work overload and uncertainty were identified as causes of work stress originating within the work situation. Respondents indicated that family members play a role in social support, although it decreases when stress increases. The SEM procedure revealed that social support and personality has a limited and direct effect on well-being when experiencing a positive affective state (vigour), with coping strategies deleted from the experimental model. Adversely, stress has a direct effect on well-being (and eventually burnout) with no moderating effects by the hypothesised variables. The study proposes a new Police Vigour and Burnout Model (PVBM) as an alignment to the Moos (1994) model. It is recommended that vigour and burnout, as outcomes of the stress and coping process, be included in future studies as obliquely related variables in other spheres of society. An additional proposal is that stress inducing features within the police organisation should be scrutinized and critically addressed to prevent negative psychological affects. / Industrial Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Industrial and Organisational Psyschology)

Cette thèse vise à étudier les rapports professionnels noués par les policiers et les gendarmes en matière de police judiciaire et de maintien de l'ordre durant la période 1870-1914, dans l’ensemble de la France, y compris le département de la Seine. Les relations envisagées concernent donc les policiers de la Sûreté générale – police spéciale des chemins de fer et brigades mobiles de police judiciaire, ainsi que les policiers municipaux – notamment ceux de la préfecture de police à Paris – avec les gendarmes des brigades départementales – dont ceux de la compagnie de la Seine – ainsi que les gardes républicains.La compréhension de ces relations, en termes de complémentarité ou de rivalité, passe par la mise en perspective des profils sociaux des gendarmes et des policiers observés pour tenter d’analyser les éléments individuels qui peuvent influencer leurs rapports professionnels. La description des pratiques entre policiers et gendarmes implique de remonter aux représentations mutuelles traversant leurs institutions respectives. Les images des gendarmes sur la police et les policiers, et réciproquement, doivent permettre d’apporter des éléments d’explication de la coopération réussie ou, au contraire, de l’échec des collaborations nouées sur le terrain en matière de police judiciaire ou de maintien de l'ordre. Ces représentations sont, notamment, tirées de la lecture des policiers mémorialistes ou des gendarmes pamphlétaires s’exprimant dans leurs presses corporatives respectives. / This doctoral thesis aims at studying the professional relationships established between the police forces and the gendarmes in terms of both judicial police and law enforcement during the 1870-1914 period in France, including the Paris area.The relationships at stake relate to the Sûreté Générale officers-special railway police and judicial police mobile squads as well as municipal police-officers especially those from the Paris Prefecture de Police (main areas police headquarters), with the Department brigade gendarmes, including those of the Seine company, and also the Republican Guard.Understanding this relationship, in terms of both complementing and opposing, may only result from putting in perspective the social profiles of the gendarmes and police-officers we have focused on, so as to try to single out the individual elements that may influence their professional relationships. Describing the different ways the police-officers and gendarmes worked impels us to go back to the ways those two institutions perceived each other during various periods. Taking into account the way gendarmes perceived police-officers, and vice versa, enables one to explain why the relationship established in the field either succeeded or failed, as far as judicial policing or law enforcement were concerned. The information relating to the way they pictured one another mainly comes from the reading of memoirs written by some police-officers as well as pamphlets written by some gendarmes as expressed in their respective presses.