CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O Concretismo foi um movimento vanguardista importante para a literatura brasileira. Surgiu nos anos 50 e opÃs-se, principalmente, à poesia tradicionalista da âGeraÃÃo de 45â, rompendo com o uso de formas fixas e com a predominÃncia do verso e passando a valorizar a utilizaÃÃo do espaÃo grÃfico-visual, o carÃter sintÃtico da construÃÃo e outros artifÃcios que possibilitassem a criaÃÃo de uma poesia dotada de objetividade. Nesta pesquisa, analisam-se as manifestaÃÃes da poesia concreta no contexto da literatura cearense. Depois de SÃo Paulo e do Rio de Janeiro, o Cearà foi o estado que mais contribuiu para a atuaÃÃo do Concretismo no paÃs, ressaltando-se que ocorreram duas Mostras de Arte Concreta no estado, a primeira jà em 1957, apenas um ano depois do lanÃamento oficial do movimento em SÃo Paulo e a segunda em 1959. Os poetas AntÃnio GirÃo Barroso, Josà Alcides Pinto, HorÃcio DÃdimo e Pedro Henrique Saraiva LeÃo participaram do movimento no estado e sÃo os poetas que compÃem o corpus desta pesquisa. O CearÃ, assim como SÃo Paulo e Rio de Janeiro, participou dos anseios desenvolvimentistas da dÃcada de 50, o que favoreceu, na esfera cultural, a abertura para uma proposta de renovaÃÃo como a poesia concreta. A partir da anÃlise dos poemas dos concretistas cearenses, tanto nos anos que antecederam o movimento, como durante e depois do Concretismo, traÃou-se um panorama de como se deu a manifestaÃÃo dessa vanguarda no estado, bem como de suas particularidades locais. Destacaram-se as tendÃncias desses poetas de combinar poemas modernistas e poemas concretistas, a inquietaÃÃo com o que se passava na sociedade, sobretudo na dÃcada de 60, e, a partir dos anos 80, a maior heterogeneidade do estilo e dos recursos utilizados pelos mesmos poetas. Para entender o sentido dessa heterogeneidade, foram discutidas as visÃes de âpoesia pÃs-utÃpicaâ, de Haroldo de Campos, e de âretradicionalizaÃÃo frÃvolaâ, de Iumna Simon. Para finalizar, ressalta-se que, apesar das particularidades do movimento concretista cearense em relaÃÃo ao Concretismo ortodoxo de SÃo Paulo, fica notÃrio que os cearenses tenderam a manter liÃÃes formais importantes para esse movimento, como a valorizaÃÃo da sÃntese e da concisÃo vocabular que incorporaram aos poemas. / The Concretism was an important avant-garde movement for the Brazilian literature. Emerged in the 50s and opposed mainly traditionalist poetry of "GeraÃÃo de 45", breaking with the use of fixed forms and with the predominance of the verse and valuing the use of graphic visual space, the synthetic character of construction and other devices that enable the creation of a poetry endowed with objectivity. In this study, we analyze the manifestations of concrete poetry in the context of literature of CearÃ. After Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Cearà was the state that contributed most to the performance of the Concrete movement in the country, emphasizing that there were two Exhibition of Concrete Art in the state, the first in 1957, just one year after official launch of the movement in SÃo Paulo and the second in 1959. The poets AntÃnio GirÃo Barroso, Josà Alcides Pinto, HorÃcio Didimo and Pedro Henrique Saraiva LeÃo participated in the movement in the state and they are the poets who make up the corpus of this research. CearÃ, as well as Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, participated in the developmental aspirations of the 50s, which favored, in the cultural sphere, the opening to a proposal for renewal as concrete poetry. From the analysis of the poems of the concrete poets of CearÃ, both in the years before the movement, during and after the Concretism, we drew up an overview of how was the manifestation of that avant-garde in the state, as well as their local. The highlights were the trends of these poets to combine modernist poems and Concrete poems, the concern about what was happening in society, especially in the 60s, and, from the 80s, the greater heterogeneity of the style and of the resources used by them. To understand the meaning of this heterogeneity, were discussed the views of "post-utopian poetry," of Haroldo de Campos, and "re-traditionalisation frivolous" by Iumna Simon. Finally, it is noteworthy that, despite the particularities of the concrete movement of Cearà in relation to Orthodox Concretism of SÃo Paulo, is known that the poets of Cearà tended to keep important formal lessons to this movement, as the appreciation of the synthesis and concise vocabulary that incorporated to the poems.

Esse trabalho visa estudar as relações entre o teatro tusso de vanguarda e as artes circenses. Para tanto, foram enfatizadas as encenações de Vsévolod Meyerhold, principalmente na montagem do texto A Barraquinha de Feira, de Aleksandr Blok, e nas montagens das peças escritas por Vladímir Maiakóvski: Mistério Bufo, O Percevejo e Os Banhos. Nesses trabalhos, Meyerhold incorporou técnicas dos palhaços circenses na construção de máscaras sociais, resgatando elementos da Commedia dellArte e do teatro de feira, por meio dos quais trabalhou a estética do grotesco. O contato com o teatro de vanguarda, junto aos acontecimentos provocados pela Revolução de Outubro, causou mudanças significativas no circo. Nascem daí os clowns-tribunos, que abandonam as maquiagens e figurinos extravagantes dos clowns do ocidente, mudando também a sua maneira de atuar no picadeiro. Assim, podiam se aproximar mais da realidade do homem soviético. Nasce, então, uma nova escola clownesca na URSS, sob um viés político e existencial profundo, que se perpetuará nas décadas posteriores, com figuras como Karandach e Iúri Nikúlin, entre outros. / This work aims to study the relationship between the Russian avant-garde theater and circus arts. In order to reach its main goal, the scenarios created by Vsevolod Meyerhold are emphasized, mainly the ones for the play Balaganchik, by Aleksandr Blok, and Mystery-Bouffe, The Bedbug and The Bathhouse, written by Vladimir Mayakovsky. In these works, Meyerhold incorporated techniques used by circus clowns to build up social masks, rescuing elements of Commedia dell \'Arte and Théâtre de la foire. Through these influences, he could work upon the aesthetic of the grotesque. The contact with the avant-garde theater, as well as the events caused by the October Revolution, caused significant changes in the circus world. From this period came the tribune-clowns, who left behind the makeup and extravagant costumes of Western clowns and also changed the way of acting in the circus ring. Thus they got closer to the reality of the Soviet man. It had been born then a new clowning school in the USSR, under a deep political and existential bias, which will be perpetuated in the later decades by figures like Karandach, Yuri Nikulin and others.

Agustín Espinosa (1897-1939) fut un auteur célèbre à son époque puis oublié sous le franquisme. Son oeuvre s’adapte à tous les courants culturels de son temps : du modernisme de ses poèmes de jeunesse, aux avant-gardes espagnoles –inspirées par La déshumanisation de l’art d’Ortega y Gasset-, en passant par le surréalisme français et, enfin, par le style d’inspiration fasciste –durant la guerre civile-. Cette Thèse a récupéré toutes les collaborations d’Espinosa aux journaux phalangistes, qui n’avaient jamais été rééditées après sa mort, afin de les analyser au même titre que l’ensemble de ses articles d’avant-guerre, dans le but de démontrer que l’écriture d’Espinosa garde une véritable unicité. Certes, malgré un parcours éclectique, Espinosa fait preuve dans tous ces textes d’une grande inventivité stylistique et d’une érudition sans bornes. L’homogénéité de sa prose découle aussi des mythes qui inspirent Espinosa et des métamorphoses qu’il leur impose, créant ainsi un système littéraire qui véhicule sa vision du monde. L’on a donc étudié les mythes d’Espinosa et leurs métamorphoses par rapport à l’espace –contextes littéraire et géographique-, aux idéologies –« casticisme » et extrémismes politiques- et à la représentation des mythes littéraires –des animaux, des hommes et des femmes-. Ce schéma d’analyse se veut le plus exhaustif possible, tenant compte de la complexité d’Espinosa, un auteur radical et obscur, même si l’on a bien conscience de ne pas avoir pu résoudre toutes les énigmes que son oeuvre continue de poser. / Agustin Espinosa (1897-1939) was a famous author in his lifetime but forgotten under Franco. His work adapts all the main cultural movements of the era: he passes from the modernism of his youthful poems, to Spanish avant-garde movements (inspired by Ortega y Gasset’s Dehumanisation of art), to French surrealism, and, finally, to a style inspired by the Fascism of the Spanish Civil War. This Thesis has brought together all Espinosa’s collaborations with Fascist journals, which were never reedited after his death, and analyses them within the same framework as articles written before the war. The objective is to show how Espinosa’s writing is marked by a real consistency and continuity throughout his career. In spite of what is, to be sure, an eclectic development as a writer, Espinosa reveals a great inventiveness of style and a seemingly limitless erudition in all his texts. The homogeneity of his prose also originates from the myths that inspire him, and the way he transforms them, thus creating a literary system that drives his vision of the world. Espinosa’s myths and their metamorphoses have thus been studied in relation to space (geographical and literary contexts); ideologies (‘caste-systems’ and political extremisms); and the representation of literary myths (animals, men and women). Thus structured, this analysis aims to be the most exhaustive possible; it accounts for Espinosa’s complexity as a radical and obscure author, while recognising fully that not all the enigmas in his work have yet been fully resolved.

Pour un artiste, prendre la voie de ce qu’on nomme communément « représentation », de la figuration et de la narration, conduit finalement à méconnaître et même manquer l’enjeu véritable de la démarche à laquelle il aspire. C’est choisir la reproduction du monde au détriment de l’invention. L’œuvre esthétique ne précède pas sa concrétisation : son sens tend vers l’indétermination par absence d’une signification prévisible qui est comme retardée, déjouée par l’opacité formelle de l’œuvre.Cet engagement s’exprime de multiples façons dans le projet d’avant-garde. C’est pourquoi le parti pris esthétique et le désir d’avant-garde doivent être clairement définis. S’ils se traduisent par une suspension du contenu (sémantique, idéologique, critique), c’est qu’ils proposent, par le détour de la forme, d’interroger les principes mêmes qui organisent les modes de représentation du monde. L’œuvre d’art devient la scène d’un dispositif à la fois sémantique, biographique et socio-fonctionnel. Ce dispositif est qualifié d’esthétique, plutôt que seulement artistique, parce que ses ramifications et ses enjeux s’étendent bien au delà de ce qu’on appelle « art », jusque dans ce qu’on appelle « philosophie ». Cette étude se situe dans les dispositifs paradigmatiques post-XIXe siècle. Elle prend la forme d’une anthologie sélective de dispositifs esthétiques. Elle en expose les problématiques principales. Comment appréhender une œuvre dont le sens se soustrait activement aux systèmes sémantiques établis ? Pourquoi et par quels procédés la composante formelle peut-elle endosser la légitimité d’une création pertinente ? De quoi ces nouvelles pratiques sont-elles les symptômes du point de vue de notre conception actuelle du monde ? Autrement dit, quelle est la fonction de l’art aujourd’hui ? / As an artist, to choose what is commonly called “representation”, figuration and narration eventually leads to a misconception of the real stake to which he aspires. This means choosing to reproduce rather than creating. The aesthetic work of art does not precede its construction because its meaning tends toward indetermination caused by the lack of a predictable signification which is suspended, obstructed by the formal characteristic of the work of art. This posture is visible in the avant-garde project. It also explains why the aesthetic committed position and the avant-garde desire must be clearly defined. If they don’t suspend the content it is linked to the fact that they suggest the formal characteristics of the work of art, to question the principles which organize our representations. Hence, the work of art becomes at the same time a semantic, biographical and socio-fonctionnal device. It is qualified as aesthetic rather than just artistic because its ramifications and its stake go way beyond what we usually call “art” and reaches what we call “philosophy”. This survey stands in the context of the post-19th century paradigms. It intends to be a selective anthology of aesthetic devices. It exposes their main problematic : how to apprehend a piece of art which meaning escapes an established semantic system? Why and by which processes, the formal characteristics of a work of art can be endowed with the legitimacy of a relevant creation? What can these new practices teach us about our current conceptions of the world? In other words, what function does art serve today?

Arising out of the avant-garde jazz tradition, a particular genre of solo saxophone music has emerged that combines stylistic attributes of avant-garde jazz and improvisation with minimalism, and is dependent on circular breathing, harmonic manipulation, and other techniques. To distinguish the music and the saxophonists and composers associated with it I have referred to this genre as "post avant-garde." With its roots ultimately in avant-garde jazz of the 1960s, this genre arose through the solo improvisation work of Evan Parker from the 1970s to present, and the music has since been an influence on the work of Colin Stetson and other artists, as well as composers including Gordon Fitzell and Alex Mincek. This document examines a previously unacknowledged but distinct genre of solo saxophone music, as well as the music of associated artists and composers.

The thesis deals with early short stories and novellas by Chinese woman writer Can Xue. The first part of the thesis presents the work of Can Xue in the context of author's life and focuses on finding motifs associated with her life experiences. The second part outlines historical development of Chinese literature in the 80s of the 20th century, observes position of Can Xue in the "avant-garde literature", and describes the writers literary sources of inspiration and authors own view on literary-historical context of her works. The third part is based on the analysis of specific stories. In the context of what other critics have discussed the thesis determines two main approaches to the interpretation of Can Xues work - the political and the psychological. The thesis concludes that there is a significant element of personal experience in Can Xues works. It should not, however, be considered a dominant element, as it mainly serves as means of examining general aspects of human psyche. The introspective nature of Can Xues works is also the key reason why this thesis puts the psychological interpretation of her works above the political interpretation.

Orientador: José Roberto Zan / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T18:13:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Freire_GuilhermeAraujo_M.pdf: 3785916 bytes, checksum: 7074b9f4c38144853c89de9e6f856bab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: Este trabalho aborda e problematiza as diferentes fases da carreira artística do compositor e intérprete Tom Zé, situadas entre o lançamento do seu primeiro LP em 1968 e o final da década de 1990. Estabelecendo como foco central sua produção musical, concebida com uma postura crítica frente a certos cânones e padrões da canção de massa consolidados no mercado e com práticas criativas experimentais análogas às do repertório das vanguardas do pós-guerra, investigamos a relação tensa estabelecida entre o seu projeto estético experimental e a indústria cultural. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa tentou situar os discursos e quatro discos de Tom Zé nos respectivos contextos históricos e configurações da indústria fonográfica, buscando compreender melhor as especificidades de sua inserção no mercado de música popular, suas estratégias de atuação, o sentido de suas opções estéticas, bem como investigar as transformações ocorridas no seu projeto estético ao longo de sua trajetória / Abstract: This work broaches and problematizes the different phases of the artistic career of the composer and performer Tom Zé, located between the release of his first LP in 1968 and the late 1990¿s. Establishing as central focus his music production, conceived with a critical posture towards certain canons and mass song patterns consolidated in the market and with experimental creative practices analogous to the repertoire of the postwar avant-garde, we investigated the tense relationship established between his experimental aesthetic project and the cultural industry. In this sense, the research tried to position the discourses and four discs of Tom Zé in the respective historical contexts and configurations of the phonographic industry, seeking to better understand the specifics of his insertion in the popular music market, his acting strategies, the sense of his aesthetical options, as well to investigate the transformations occurred in his aesthetical project throughout his career / Mestrado / Música, Teoria, Criação e Prática / Mestre em Música

This study examinates technology's traumatic impact on the male subject in The Atrocity Exhibition by J.G. Ballard. In my analysis I show how the protagonist uses a fetischistic strategy in order to make sense of the trauma that technology embeds. Paradoxically it proves to be the agent of his trauma, but also functions as his shield. The machine is thus in a position of the hinge, the point in a structural system that both enables and deconstruct the system. In the same position we find the woman. She is the very epicentre of the novel and the violence directed towards her is part of a complex problem that I adress. The woman is divided into pieces and fetischized by the male gaze to serve as a solution for his trauma. Hal Foster's notion ”the double logic of prosthesis” constitutes a theoretical base. The model shows how a fetischistic strategy is applied by avant-garde artists to solve the technological trauma that they experience. Both content and composition of The Atrocity Exhibition are inspired by avant-garde practices, I have therefore compared the text with Foster's theory on how the avant-garde problematized the interaction between man and machine. Marshall McLuhan's belief that the human body and technology are inseparable in the era of electronics further helps me to study technology's effect on perception.

1 Stopami Krejčovy divadelní poetiky ve frankofonní Belgii Disertační práce se zaměřuje na české divadlo od první do druhé avantgardy. Především je zaměřená na divadlo Otomara Krejči a jeho vztah s belgickým divadlem v rámci druhého českého avantgardního divadla do doby normalizace (do r. 1982). Hlavní hypotéza je v tom, že Krejčův přínos byl významný pro belgické pojetí dramatického umění. Existuje dnes belgické pokračování divadelní poetiky Krejči ve frankofonní Belgii a pokud ano, proč ? Krejča realizoval důležitou část svého uměleckého života v Belgii. Belgická divadelní činnost Krejči se dělí do dvou odlišných období. První z nich začíná založením Divadla za branou v Praze v roce 1965 a je spojené s působením v belgickém Národním divadle v Bruselu. Tato léta spadají do československé destalinizace a jsou velmi produktivní v umělecké oblasti. V Bruselu Krejča režíruje celkem čtyři hry : v roce 1965 Hamlet, v roce 1966 Racek, v roce 1970 Tři sestry a v roce 1978 Romeo a Julie. Ty tři první hry jsou inscenovány před odjezdem Krejči do jeho polo-exilu a před dobou normalizace. Poslední hra znamená začátek jeho druhého období v Belgii, spojeného s městem Louvain-la-Neuve. Druhé období začíná v době normalizace, kdy bylo zlikvidováno Divadlo za branou, zatímco jsou Krejčovy inscenace již velmi známé v...

Toyen and sexuality is a frequent topic of art history texts written about the artist in the last twenty years. Toyen provoked with her erotic drawings and illustrations, her appearance and mysteriousness shrouded around her. Where did the roots of her desire, depicted in her work, came from? What was the role played by contemporary context? How her contemporaries wrote about sexuality? Were there any interpretations of the artist's work based on the known information about her person or personality? What was the Toyen's position as a woman? The empirical part of my thesis is based on research, where I try to seek for answers to the questions found in the texts published in Czechoslovakia. The research is bounded by years 1922-1947. Years when Toyen entered respectively left the Czech art scene. Her work has therefore been interpreted by persons who lived in the same cultural context, some of them were actually her personal acquaintances. I will also try to answer the question whether the contemporary texts differ from the texts written after 1989, eventually how. Within the examining the reflection of sexuality in the work of Toyen I will also ask myself whether the perspectives of view are different in the eyes of men and women. The question put in this way accompanies, depending on the answer,...