Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:15:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese com imagens.pdf: 4434476 bytes, checksum: 3031a31a9b49b9a3a1bcd5c8ed8c1593 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-04-06 / This work stars from a corpus of popular stories collected in the João Preguiçoso and Pedro Malasartes´s cycle chosen in the State of Bahia. It approaches the strength and consistent themes as the cunning and laziness which persists inside Brazilian culture. These themes follow principles identities that make them stronger. Not only looking forward contributing to studies of oral tradiction, describing the mechanisms of text production, but also more widely observing the Brazilian culture. The theorical basis of this thesis was built beginning by on one side in Paul Zumthor and Jerusa Pires Ferreira´s writings, and also cultural semiotics in Iuri Lotman. On the other hand, we also read cultural anthropologists works as in Roberto DaMatta, Georges Balandier´s and François Laplantine´s. Otherwise, it was based in cultural studies in Stuart Hall and Homi Bhabha also, elements of communication theories as in Muniz Sodré and Lucrécia D Aléssio Ferrara and others. This thesis is compounded by three issues: The lazyness and the cunning: myths and stereotypes in Brazilian culture . It makes a historical approach, presenting the very beginner texts and the stereotyped built in narratives from colonial times. They were related to utopic literature and also to the medieval imaginary brought to América. In the Oral and the mestice of races , cultural identities and identification ways that comes from the communication processes of popular literature (statements and stories), as expression of civilizatory destinations originaly based on mixed process, underlining afro-brasilian culture. In For a cunning hero tipology , it tracks a panoramic view of the more common cunning types, pointing out and characterizing the cunnings, the fools and also lazy ones, all from popular stories in their relations with others cultural texts, from cartoons to written literature. / Partindo de um corpus de contos populares do ciclo de João Pregui-çoso e de Pedro Malasartes, recolhidos no Estado da Bahia, abordam-se a força e a permanência dos temas malandragem e preguiça na cultura brasileira, acompanhando os princípios identitários que os fortalecem. Com o objetivo de contribuir para o estudo da tradição oral, descrevendo os mecanismos de produção do texto, e para uma compreensão mais ampla da cultura brasileira, o aporte teórico se constrói a partir da obra de Paul Zumthor e Jerusa Pires Ferreira e da semiótica da cultura de Iuri Lotman; com os trabalhos de antropologia cultural de Roberto DaMatta, Georges Balandier, François Laplantine, e ainda com os estudos culturais de Stuart Hall e Homi Bhabha e elementos da teoria da comunicação de Muniz Sodré e Lucrécia D Aléssio Ferrara, entre outros. A tese se compõe de três ensaios: Preguiça e malandragem: mitos e estereótipos na cultura brasileira faz uma abordagem histórica, apresentando os textos fundadores e as construções estereotipadas em relatos do período colonial, relacionando-os à literatura de utopia e ao imaginário medieval transposto para a América. Oralidade e mestiçagem discute identidades culturais e formas de identificação, a partir de processos comunicativos da literatura popular (depoimentos e contos), como expressão de rumos civilizatórios de base mestiça, enfatizando a cultura afro-brasileira. Por uma tipologia do herói malandro traça um panorama dos tipos malandros mais recorrentes, destacando e caracterizando malandros, bestas e preguiçosos, a partir dos contos populares em suas relações com outros textos de cultura, da história em quadrinhos à literatura escrita.

The thesis attempts at providing a critical evaluation of the city as the mythological site of modernity. For that purpose, highlighting such special nature of the urban context as it finds expression by the cinematic medium, what is aimed at is the analysis of, first, the mythical dimensions of modern urban life as the prime site of enthusiasm and spirit with its fleeting impressions and changing images, secondly, the (re)creation of the city myth through cinema as an elaborate perceptive vehicle for a specific way of picturing and enframing the cityscape and, lastly the representation of the destruction of such myth. In this way, it will also be possible to point out concretely that the city experience of the modern individual simultaneously embodies fascination and horror, hope and despair. In order to explain the situation of the modern individual in the big city, Odysseus&rsquo / s encounter with mythological forces in ancient world are taken as a parable in the footsteps of Adorno and Horkheimer&rsquo / s allegoric interpretation of Homer&rsquo / s Odyssey. Specifically speaking, the cinematic representation of Istanbul-myth and the destruction of this myth in Turkish cinema of the nineties will be examined through three prominent examples in the light of the above theoretical considerations.

La notion de ruse est intrinsèquement liée à celle de pouvoir, puisqu’elle implique de subvertir, par la puissance de l’esprit et non par la force physique, le dispositif stratégique des dominants tout en demeurant dans l’espace social que ces derniers contrôlent. Puisque toutes les relations de pouvoir impliquent un dominant et un dominé, « il y a forcément possibilité de résistance ». Celle-ci peut s’accomplir notamment en recourant à la ruse, cette faculté intellectuelle qui permet de tirer son épingle du jeu en identifiant les failles du système et en saisissant les moments opportuns afin d’agir. Elle se présente alors comme une voie à privilégier pour les dominés qui désirent survivre à cet état de domination ou l’outrepasser. En ce sens, la ruse correspond à la tactique – cette capacité qu’a le dominé de « jouer avec le terrain qui lui est imposé » – concept à ne pas confondre avec celui de stratégie, qui sert plutôt aux dominants. Ainsi, la ruse étant l’arme du faible, elle semble se prêter particulièrement aux femmes, souvent exclues de la sphère décisionnelle et soumises aux hommes qui occupent la position de stratèges dans les sociétés patriarcales. Pourtant, la ruse semble être une aptitude généralement associée au masculin dans le domaine littéraire, bien que le concept de ruse découle du terme de la Grèce antique mètis qui tire son origine de déesses, donc des femmes. En effet, dans l’imaginaire collectif occidental, les premiers personnages rusés qui viennent à l’esprit sont Ulysse, Scapin et la figure du renard. En suivant une approche féministe, la présente recherche tentera de réhabiliter la ruse au féminin et de réfléchir aux tactiques adoptées par ces femmes qui doivent composer avec le pouvoir masculin au quotidien. Ainsi, elle portera sur l’héritage de Pénélope et de Shéhérazade – ces femmes rusées qui ont lutté contre les dominants – dans la littérature contemporaine. La recherche étudiera comment les textes littéraires contemporains travaillent le langage afin de représenter les femmes comme des êtres rusés et d’offrir un espace propice aux voix féminines. Les diverses ruses féminines seront analysées à travers des oeuvres mettant en scène des femmes qui usent de tactiques pour tirer profit d’un système qui les désavantage. Pour ce faire, le projet de mémoire reposera sur l’analyse textuelle des oeuvres, en mobilisant la conception de Foucault du pouvoir et la théorie de la tactique par de Certeau. Les théories de l’agentivité (Gardiner et Butler notamment) et la notion d’empowerment permettront de mettre en lumière les iniquités liées au sexe qui forcent les femmes à recourir à la ruse plutôt qu’à la confrontation, ainsi que le pouvoir qu’elles tirent de leur ruse. Cette recherche vise donc à repérer les multiples formes d’agentivité, à expliquer comment les rapports de forces et la ruse se développent dans chaque oeuvre à l’étude, à définir les conjonctures favorables à l’accomplissement d’une tactique au féminin, à démontrer que la ruse est le moyen à prioriser pour les femmes qui désirent changer leur condition et à souligner la vision désormais positive de la ruse féminine dans la littérature contemporaine. Le corpus sera formé du roman canadien La servante écarlate de Margaret Atwood, où June se soumet en apparence pour mieux frapper par la suite; du roman belge Barbe bleue d’Amélie Nothomb, dont la protagoniste Saturnine retourne le piège de son opposant contre lui; du texte dramaturgique québécois Incendies de Wajdi Mouawad, où Nawal se contraint au silence afin de briser le cycle de la douleur; et du roman graphique français Peau d’Homme de Hubert et Zanzim, dans laquelle Bianca se travestit pour espionner son futur époux. La diversité de ces oeuvres permettra d’observer l’étendue du phénomène de la ruse féminine et d’initier une étude sur le sujet. / The notion of cunning is intrinsically related to the concept of power because it involves subverting, by the strength of the mind rather than the physical strength, the strategic mechanism of the dominant individuals, while remaining within the social space they control. Since all power relations involve a dominant person and a dominated person, “there is necessarily possibility of resistance”. This resistance can be achieved by resorting to trickery, this intellectual faculty which makes it possible to get out of a delicate situation by identifying the flaws in the system and seizing the right moments to act. Cunning becomes one of the best paths for the dominated people who desire to survive to their state of domination or overcome it. In this sense, cunning corresponds to the tactic – this capacity that has the dominated individual to “play with the field imposed on him” – concept to not confuse with the strategy, which rather corresponds to the dominant person. Cunning being the weapon of the weak, it seems to be particularly suitable to women, often excluded of the decision making and submitted to men who are in the position of the strategists in the patriarchal society. Yet, cunning is a general aptitude associated to masculinity in the literary field, although the concept of cunning derives from the ancient Greek term “mètis” which comes from goddesses, therefore women. Indeed, in the western collective imagination, the first shrewd characters that come to mind are, among others, Ulysses, Scapin and the fox figure. By following a feminist approach, this research will try to rehabilitate feminine cunning and to think about the tactics adopted by these women who must deal daily with the masculine power. Thus, it will focus on the legacy of Penelope and Scheherazade – these women who fought against the dominant – in the contemporary literature. This study will therefore explore how the contemporary literary texts work the language to represent the women as cunning individuals and to offer a favorable space for female voices. Various feminine tricks will be analysed through works featuring women who use some tactics to take advantage of a system that disadvantages them. To do so, this research lies on the textual analysis of literary texts, by mobilising Foucault’s vision of power and de Certeau’s theory of the tactic. The theories of agency (Gardiner and Butler in particular) and the notion of empowerment will allow to highlight the inequities related to sex that force women to resort to trickery rather than confrontation, and the power they benefit from their cunning. Hence, this essay aims to identify the multiple forms of agency, to explain how power relations and cunning develop in each book under study, to define favorable circumstances to the accomplishment of a feminine tactic, to demonstrate that cunning is the preferred method for women who wish to change their condition, and to highlight the now positive vision of the feminine cunning in the contemporary French literature. The corpus is formed by the Canadian novel The Handmaid’s Tale from Margaret Atwood, in which June seemingly submits herself to strike better afterwards; the Belgian novel Barbe bleue from Amelie Nothomb, whose protagonist Saturnine reverses the trap of her opponent against him; the Quebec playwright Incendies from Wajdi Mouawad, in which Nawal forces herself into silence to break the cycle of pain; and the French graphic novel Peau d’Homme from Hubert and Zanzim, in which Bianca travesties herself to spy on her future husband. The diversity of these books will allow to observe the extend of the phenomenon of female trickery and to initiate a study on this subject.

This thesis paper reflects upon the costume design process taken by Mikayla Reid to explore how color choice and application within designs can help create storybook characters off the page and onto the stage. This concept is explored through the costume designs for the opera The Cunning Little Vixen, a production theoretically staged at the Alice Busch Opera Theater for the Glimmerglass Festival in New York. The paper discusses Reid’s attempt to create designs that still feel like watercolor illustrations, even when realized in physical garments. It follows her process as she tests different dye techniques in search for what produces the most effective color application. This paper also breaks down each step taken while constructing the main character, the Vixen, through the build, fittings, and color application.

Les romans libertins à figures se développent de façon remarquable au XVIIIe siècle. Selon les frères Goncourt, c’est « le siècle de la vignette ». L’avènement de cette mode de livres illustrés a modifié aussi bien les sensibilités esthétiques et les conditions matérielles de la lecture d’un récit de rouerie, que notre conception de la littérature libertine comme système de représentation, non plus exclusivement textuel, ou discursif, mais engageant un dialogue avec l’image. Il s’agit d’étudier ce dédoublement de la représentation, à travers les dispositifs qu’il met en œuvre, et en mobilisant ceux-ci comme une nouvelle méthode d’analyse du texte et de l’image dans les récits de rouerie libertine.On pourrait croire que les récits de rouerie libertine sont les plus éloignés de l’image, étant donné que la machination et la ruse nécessitent d’agir sous-main. Or notre analyse de la logique de l’image qui gouverne les dispositifs de la représentation dans le roman libertin des Lumières infirme cette hypothèse. Dans cette perspective, nous tenterons de compléter les études existantes sur la scène érotique ou intime, le regard et la théâtralité de la fiction classique, avec l’idée que, dans les récits de rouerie, la représentation de la machination libertine oscille entre deux stratégies : celle qui donne à voir et celle qui dérobe. / The libertine novels ornated with figures grew dramatically in the eighteenth century. According to Goncourt brothers it is “the century of the vignette”. The development of this genre of illustrated books changed, both aesthetic sensibility of the reader and the material conditions of reading a trick story, for our conception of libertine literature as a system of representation is no more exclusively textual nor discursive but triggers a dialogue with the image. The study of this duplication of representation is at stake, using the text-and-image devices it operates, as a new method to analyse their interconnection in the libertine trick stories. One could imagine such narratives are the most distant from the image, since the machination and trickery need to act covertly, whereas the logic of the image appears to be at the very heart of the operative devices of representation which govern the eighteenth century libertine novel. Following that scientific approach, we’ll try to complete the existing studies on poetics of the erotic or intimate scene, and how gazing and theatricality interact within classical fiction, with the hypothesis that, in the trick stories, the representation of the libertine plot faces two strategies: the one that lures with showing something and the other with concealing.

This thesis examines from theatrical point of view the Janáčkian dramaturgy in German speaking countries within the context of local reception of Czech and Slovak opera and with special consideration of the Bavarian State Opera in Munich. The main referential base of research is German daily critique through which the Author presents an overview of more important productions of Leoš Janáček's operas. The Author then discusses the historical context of these productions, the stage history, German Janáčkian programme and roots of modern-day social-critical expressive staging of Janáček in German speaking area as compared to the more lyrical realistic Czech approach (to simplify). The discussed period is concluded with the year 1998.

Il s’agit, dans ce travail, de trouver le geste qui renouvelle l’identité cicatrisée que le «guerrier » en nous recherche, à travers la pratique martiale définie comme habitation holiste d’un corps-soit, ce que Varela appelle « l’inscription corporelle de l’esprit ».Un être, par l’effet d’un art et par la compréhension de « l’expérience de l’expérience » que constitue la performativité du geste en général, peut-il jamais faire Un avec les choses qui l’entourent et qui l’enveloppent ? Il y a à parier que s’il y arrivait, il lui serait donné de saisir à la fois le caractère mythique des choses en tant qu’il est immanent à leur présence et cette présence en tant qu’oeuvre existentielle. L’art martial ninja constitue une telle réussite. Cette thèse en interroge les effets … / This work consists in finding the gesture that renovates the healed identity, a “worrior” withinus is looking for, through a martial practice defined as a holistic dwelling of a body-being.This is what Varela calls “the corporeal inscription of the spirit”.Is a being able to make one with the things surrounding and covering it, through the effect ofart and the comprehension of “the experience of the experience”, that the performativity of thegesture generally constitutes? It would bet, if possible, that it would be able of creating, at thesame time, the mythic aspect of things, having been inherent to their presence, and creatingthis presence as an existential art-workNinja martial art builds such a success, the effects of which are questioned by this thesis...

This thesis focuses on the significance of blood and the perception of the body in both learned and popular culture in order to investigate problems of identity and social exclusion in early modern Europe. Starting from the view of blood as a liminal matter, manifesting fertile, positive aspects in conjunction with dangerous, negative ones, I show how it was believed to attract supernatural forces within the natural world. It could empower or pollute, restore health or waste corporeal and spiritual existence. While this theme has been studied in a medieval religious context and by anthropologists, its relevance during the early modern period has not been explored. I argue that, considering the impact of the Reformation on people’s mentalities, studying the way in which ideas regarding blood and the body changed from late medieval times to the eighteenth century can provide new insights about patterns of social and religious tensions, such as the witch-trials and persecutions. In this regard the thesis engages with anthropological theories, comparing the dialectic between blood and body with that between identity and society, demonstrating that they both spread from the conflict of life with death, leading to the social embodiment or to the rejection of an individual. A comparative approach is also employed to analyze blood symbolism in Protestant and Catholic countries, and to discuss how beliefs were influenced by both cultural similarities and religious differences. Combining historical sources, such as witches’ confessions, with appropriate examples from anthropology I also examine a corpus of popular ideas, which resisted to theological and learned notions or slowly merged with them. Blood had different meanings for different sections of society, embodying both the physical struggle for life and the spiritual value of the Christian soul. Chapters 2, 3 and 4 develop the dualism of the fluid in late medieval and early modern ritual murder accusations against Jews, European witchcraft and supernatural beliefs and in the medical and philosophical knowledge, while chapters 5 and 6 focus on blood themes in Protestant England and in Counter-Reformation Italy. Through the examination of blood in these contexts I hope to demonstrate that contrasting feelings, fears and beliefs related to dangerous or extraordinary individuals, such as Jews, witches, and Catholic saints, but also superhuman beings such as fairies, vampires and werewolves, were rooted in the perception of the body as an unstable substance, that was at the base of ethnic, religious and gender stereotypes.