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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
451

Contrôler les lieux, organiser l'espace : pouvoir et domination dans l'Auvergne du premier Moyen Age / Control places, organize space : power and domination in Auvergne during the Early Middle ages

Bayard, Adrien 06 October 2016 (has links)
L’analyse des lieux de pouvoir ou des sites élitaires permet une compréhension des différentes stratégies de construction et d’organisation des territoires par les pouvoirs médiévaux. Ces lieux étaient en effet les points nodaux d’où les élites produisaient des discours visant à justifier, exprimer et pérenniser leur pouvoir, tant matériel que symbolique. Le premier ou haut Moyen Âge constitue une période charnière pour l’étude de ces phénomènes. Il s’agit en effet d’un moment d’intense recomposition sociale, entraînant une concurrence accrue entre les élites, qui tentent àce moment précis de se définir comme groupe. Leurs caractéristiques communes invitent à une étude comparative des lieux de pouvoir présents en Auvergne (c’est-à-dire le ressort de la cité de Clermont), en lesresituant dans le contexte des changements politiques, économiques et sociaux en cours entre la fin du Ve et les premières décennies du Xe siècle. Une telle étude nécessite toutefois une approche interdisciplinaire mêlant l’archéologie, la géographie, l’anthropologie et s’appuyant sur un large éventail de sources, à la fois matérielles ettextuelles. Son objectif est de comprendre les interactions entre les groupes élitaires et les lieux de pouvoir, en fonction de la localisation, mais également des activités et des marqueurs de distinction présents sur ces sites. Elle vise ainsi à mettre en lumière les réseaux dans lesquels les lieux s’inscrivent, en prenant en compte les différents jeuxd’échelle. / Analysis of places of power or “elite sites” helps understand the various strategies of construction and organization of territories by medieval magnates. These places served as vantage points from which they could construct and communicate discourses aimed at justifying, expressing and perpetuating their power, both material and symbolic. The early medieval period is of great importance for these phenomena, because it witnessed intense social recombining, resulting in heightened competition between the elites, which were then trying to define themselves as a coherent group.Thanks to their common characteristics, we can compare places of power in Auvergne (province of the ancient city of Clermont), in the context of the political, economic and social changes of the 6th-10th centuries. To carry out this study, aninterdisciplinary approach is necessary, and it has to rest on a wide range of sources, both written and archaeological ones, and methodological tools, notably from archaeology, geography, anthropology. Its goal is to analyze interactions between elite groups and sites of power, as regards localisation, functions and wealth present on these sites. This study aims to highlight the spatial and social networks these places are part of, on various scales.
452

Les icônes hagiographiques post-byzantines (XVe-XVIIe siècles) : le cas des ateliers crétois / The postbyzantine vita icons (15-17th century) : the case of cretan workshops

Koutsikou, Chryssavgi 27 January 2018 (has links)
La présente thèse a comme sujet les icônes hagiographiques exécutées du début du XVe à la fin du XVIIe siècle dans l'île de Crète qui était sous domination vénitienne depuis 1210. La prise de Constantinople par les Ottomans en 1453 a privé l'empire byzantin de son centre et la Crète, où plusieurs peintres constantinopolitains se sont réfugiés, a développé, sous leur influence, l'art du chevalet dans des ateliers organisés sur le modèle des ateliers occidentaux. La présente étude inclut 74 icônes de 26 saints. Dans l'introduction, la présentation du sujet est suivie de l'intégration des œuvres dans leur contexte historique et artistique, de la présentation de l'état de la recherche et de J'approche méthodologique. Le texte s'articule en quatre chapitres. Le premier inclut une présentation de la fréquence de l'illustration des saints sur les icônes, de la répartition des œuvres par siècle, de la localisation des peintres connus et des commanditaires d'après des inscriptions dédicatoires. Le deuxième aborde l'évolution de la typologie quant à la disposition du cycle hagiographique du saint par rapport à la représentation centrale, au nombre des compartiments et le rapport avec celui des épisodes illustrés, les modes de délimitation des compartiments et la mise en place des épisodes illustrés. Le troisième chapitre étudie en détail l'évolution de l'iconographie des scènes, de la constitution des cycles et de la diffusion des formules iconographiques, avec comme point de départ les cycles des saints Georges et Nicolas. L'étude de l'évolution iconographique des cycles des toutes les icônes, suivant l'ordre chronologique des œuvres, est abordée dans le quatrième chapitre. / The present thesis is about vita icons executed from the beginning of the 15th to the end of the 17th c. on the island of Crete which was under Venetian rule since 1210. The capture of Constantinople by the Ottomans in 1453 deprived the Byzantine empire of its center and Crete, where several Constantinopolitan painters have taken refuge, has developed, under their influence, the art of the icons painting in workshops organized on the mode] of Western workshops. This study includes 74 icons of 26 saints. ln the Introduction, the presentation of the subject is followed by the integration of the works in their historical and artistic context, the presentation of the state of the research and the methodological approach. The text is divided into 4 chapters. The 1st includes a presentation of the frequency of illustration of saints on icons, the distribution of works by century, the location of known painters and sponsors based on dedicatory inscriptions. The 2nd deals with the evolution of the typology as to the disposition of the hagiographic cycle of the saint in relation to the central representation, the number of compartments and the relationship with that of the illustrated episodes, the modes of delimitation of the compartments and the establishment of the illustrated episodes. The 3d chapter studies in detail the evolution of the iconography of the scenes, the constitution of the cycles and the diffusion of the iconographic formulas, with as starting point the cycles of saints Georges and Nicolas. The study of the evolution of the iconography of the cycles of ail the icons, according to the chronological order of the works, is addressed in the 4th chapter.
453

Legitimidade social da biotecnologia na agricultura : o caso da soja transgênica no sul do Brasil

Lima, Dejoel de Barros January 2007 (has links)
Esta tese focaliza os conflitos pela disputa da legitimidade social dos organismos geneticamente modificados na agricultura e, particularmente, a semente de soja transgênica Roundup Ready. Agentes sociais, de um lado, defendem o uso dos transgênicos e, do outro, se colocam contrários, evidenciando uma polaridade na disputa. O objetivo da tese foi analisar essa disputa circunscrita em uma arena biotecnológica, identificando os principais agentes sociais, seus argumentos e representações na construção da (i)legitimidade dos transgênicos no sul do Brasil, especificamente, nos estados do Rio Grande do Sul e Paraná. Para nortear teoricamente o estudo, partiu-se de uma abordagem construcionista e de uma abordagem retórica e dos processos de dominação para proceder à interpretação. Os resultados mostraram dois grupos de agentes sociais e dois silogismos que sintetizam os esquemas argumentativos. No primeiro grupo, os agentes do otimismo tecnológico defendem não apenas os transgênicos, mas o modelo de desenvolvimento ecotecnocrático. No segundo grupo, os agentes ecossociais contestam a legitimidade e propõem outro modelo, o desenvolvimento ecossocial. Defender um modelo de desenvolvimento revela uma contenda ainda maior, uma disputa ideológica e de poder. Significa também a valorização e a defesa dos pressupostos desse modelo, representando ao mesmo tempo uma filiação dos agentes sociais a um determinado sistema de crenças, valores, visão de mundo, ideologia e habitus, e uma tentativa de impor legitimamente o seu modelo, que pode ser a salvação da humanidade. Os agentes do otimismo tecnológico visam manter ou reforçar o status quo do modelo dominante, e os agentes ecossociais, visam subverter a legitimidade desse modelo, apresentando o modelo de “um outro mundo possível”. / The thesis focuses its attention on struggles that appeared with the disagreement about the social legitimacy of genetically modified organisms in agriculture, and, specifically, the transgenic Soya seed which is known as Roundup Ready. Social agents, from one side, defend the use of transgenic organisms, and of the other side, they are against, pointing out a polarity in this dispute. This thesis aimed to analyse that dispute which is inside a biotechnology arena, identifying the main social agents, their arguments and representations in the construction of the (i) legitimacy of transgenic organisms at the south of Brazil, specifically the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Paraná. The starting points for guiding this research in terms of theories were the constructionist and the rhetoric approach and the processes of domination in order to proceed to interpretations. The results demonstrate two groups of social agents and two syllogisms that synthesized the following argumentative schemes. In the first group, the technological optimism agents defend not only transgenic organisms but also the ecotechnocratic development model. In the second group, the ecosocial agents show to be adverse to legitimacy and propose another model, the ecosocial development. Defending a development model reveals an even major debate that deals with ideology and power. It also means valorisation and defence of the premises of models, and at the same time, an affiliation of social agents to a determinate system of beliefs, values, world visions, ideologies and habitus, and an attempt to impose their model that could be the salvation for humanity. The technological optimism agents aim to keep or to strengthen the status quo of the dominant model, while the ecosocial agents try to subvert the legitimacy of this model, showing an “another world is possible” model.
454

Interakční dominance / Interactional dominance

Pařízek, Pavel January 2018 (has links)
The thesis describes a biosocial model of status stratification in face to face groups. The model is based on the belief that human status behavior is evolutionary extension of animal status behavior (especially primates). Each person of a group is equipped with a signaling mechanism that signals the status of domination or submision (or the status he ought to have). Status communication is among humans very subtle and primarily occurs at a nonverbal level. Status stratification often takes place automatically without the knowledge of the subjects. The biosocial model criticizes classical authors of social stratification, who explain the mechanism primarily at the cognitive level. In the practical part, the thesis attempts to use new methodology to verify the main assumption of an implicit stratification mechanism that is able to function without the involvement of cognition. The research works with a group of people with 6 probands. To indicate status in a group, playing cards were used. In each group, individuals were artificially assigned positions by playing cards. Subsequently, it was recorded how these artificial positions were reflected in the real position of member of the group. In the second part, the influence of personality trait on the position was measured. The main assumption could...
455

Mulher e sociedade: de corpo dominado a corpo dominante em contos de Lygia Fagundes Telles / Woman and society: from dominated body to dominant body in tales of Lygia Fagundes Telles

Martins, Maria Sárvia da Silva January 2015 (has links)
MARTINS, Maria Sárvia da Silva. Mulher e sociedade: de corpo dominado a corpo dominante em contos de Lygia Fagundes Telles. 2015. 108f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Letras, Fortaleza (CE), 2015. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-08-27T13:58:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_mssmartins.pdf: 978172 bytes, checksum: ef602e5f9620403628eb40f34bd4c983 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-08-28T13:28:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_mssmartins.pdf: 978172 bytes, checksum: ef602e5f9620403628eb40f34bd4c983 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-28T13:28:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_mssmartins.pdf: 978172 bytes, checksum: ef602e5f9620403628eb40f34bd4c983 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Woman, as the society – adopting as reference the Western world – has been facing transformations for a long time. It is exactly the discussion about the directions taken by the relation woman and society along years of History that this work focuses on. Defined as a literary production that reveals a profusion of female profiles, fiction written by Lygia Fagundes Telles presents, in many of its characters, the reality experienced by a group of women. Considering not only History of the Western world, but also the consequences of changes in women’s social position, in the other words, the existence of women’s History, in this dissertation, we seek to demonstrate how the writer designs female representatives who show us some courses of women’s trajectory. To examine the constructions of female identities within the literary discourse – bearing in mind the concept of social gender and the Feminist Literary Theory and Cristicism – is the main reading key of the short stories “A Confissão de Leontina”, “O Espartilho”, “Venha Ver o Pôr do Sol” e “Eu Era Mudo e Só”, objects of analysis in this research. To develop this work we appealed to the studies accomplished by Paul Ricoeur (2010), Pierre Bourdieu (2009), Lúcia Osana Zolin (2009), Elódia Xavier (1994, 2007), among other theorists. With the contributions of these studies and from the perspective of a woman liberation movement, we observe how the sign of domination manifests in literary discourse. For this, we consider the writer’s creation process and reflect about Lygia’s characters constitution as social constructs affected by ideologies, power relations, at last, a set of circumstances to which each epoch is exposed to. As a result we hope to evidence the dialog between Literature and History. / A mulher, assim como a sociedade – adotando aqui, como referência, o mundo ocidental –, há muito tempo vem passando por transformações. É exatamente a discussão dos rumos tomados pela relação entre mulher e sociedade ao longo de anos de história que o presente trabalho põe em foco. Definindo-se como uma obra reveladora de uma profusão de perfis femininos, a produção literária da escritora Lygia Fagundes Telles apresenta-nos, em muitas de suas personagens, a realidade vivenciada por uma coletividade de mulheres. Considerando não só a história do mundo ocidental, mas também a repercussão das transformações dessa sociedade sobre a posição social feminina, ou seja, a existência de uma história da mulher; nesta dissertação, procuramos demonstrar como a ficcionista concebe representantes femininas que revelam alguns percursos da trajetória da mulher. Examinar a construção de identidades femininas dentro do discurso literário, tendo em vista o conceito de gênero social e as orientações da Teoria e Crítica Literária Feminista, consiste na principal chave de leitura dos contos “A Confissão de Leontina”, “O Espartilho”, “Venha Ver o Pôr do Sol” e “Eu Era Mudo e Só”, objetos de análise desta pesquisa. Para o desenvolvimento de nosso trabalho, recorremos aos estudos realizados por Paul Ricoeur (2010), Pierre Bourdieu (2009), Lúcia Osana Zolin (2009), Elódia Xavier (1994, 2007), dentre outros teóricos. Com as contribuições de tais estudos e sob a perspectiva de um movimento de liberação da mulher, observamos como o signo da dominação se manifesta no discurso literário. Para isso, consideramos o processo de criação da escritora e pensamos na constituição das personagens lygianas como constructos sociais afetados por ideologias, relações de poder, enfim, um conjunto de circunstâncias a que estão expostas em cada época. Dessa forma, esperamos evidenciar o diálogo entre Literatura e História.
456

Ichtyofauna vybraných toků Šumavy / Ichtyofauna of selected streams of Bohemian Forest

ŠRÁMEK, Jiří January 2012 (has links)
Presented work is directed to summarize the results of ochtyomonitoring of five stream in Bohemian Forest in autumn 2010. The processing status is evaluated fish communities, especially their species composition, diversity, dominance, evenness and other parameters. They have been evaluated also physico-chemical properties of the sites such as air and water temperature, conductivity and turbidity. Last but not least were evaluated the characteristics of flows and in particular morphological characteristics, types of the bottom substrate and its contours etc. The evaluation of all obtained data showed that fish communities surveyed Bohemian flows are balanced, they are not burdened with invasive species and rand indicators correlated with the state of flow, geographic location and natural conditions. It was caught nine fish species in the total number of 963 individuals. Abundance was at all locations in the range 201,6 to 409,7 individuals per kilometer of flow, showed the diversity of communities from 0,372093 to 2,166085 (Shannon and Wiener index) and from 0,301804 to 0,866948 (Simpson index), then evenness of plant 0,372093 to 0,783906. The most dominant species was the brown trout, the second most frequent species was bullhead.
457

Secretariado Sul Americano e Partido Comunista do Brasil (1926-1930) / South American Secretariat and communist party of brazil (1926-1930)

Carine Neves Alves da Silva 28 July 2011 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A presente dissertação investigou as concepções do Secretariado Sul-Americano (SSA), órgão da Internacional Comunista (IC), com sede na Argentina, e analisou relações entre este órgão e o Partido Comunista do Brasil (PCB). Esta pesquisa foi realizada através do estudo dos textos da revista La Correspondencia Sudamericana, a revista oficial do SSA, publicada entre 1926 e 1930. A partir deste estudo foram identificadas as concepções do SSA no que tange às atividades parlamentar, sindical, de propaganda e agitação revolucionárias, e em relação à tática da frente única proletária. Analisou-se a dominação exercida pelo SSA em relação ao PCB, assim como a reformulação e radicalização que perpassara este órgão entre 1928 e 1930. Investigou-se a crise do SSA que se ligara, diretamente, à crise do Partido Comunista da Argentina (1927) e à atuação do então editor da revista La Correspondencia Sudamericana e vereador de Buenos Aires, Fernando José Penelón. Analisou-se ainda as leituras realizadas pelos comunistas brasileiros acerca da realidade nacional, as questões que envolveram a aprovação da Lei Celerada, que pôs o PCB na ilegalidade em meados de 1927, a tentativa do partido de entabular uma aproximação com a pequena-burguesia radicalizada, a atuação eleitoral e parlamentar do BOC, e as superposições entre este organismo e o PCB. Investigou-se ainda o processo de assimilação por parte dos comunistas brasileiros da linha política radicalizada da IC, e a expectativa da IC e do PCB frente ao vislumbre da revolução democrático burguesa no Brasil no final dos anos 1920, a qual fornecera, internamente, uma lógica para a emergência do obreirismo no PCB. / This dissertation analyzes the views of the South American Secretariat (SSA), organ of the Communist International (IC), based in Argentina, and the relations between this agency and the Communist Party of Brazil (PCB). This research was conducted by studying the texts of the magazine La Correspondencia Sudamericana, the official magazine of the SSA, published between 1926 and 1930. From this study we identified the concepts of SSA with respect to parliamentary activities, trade unions, revolutionary propaganda and agitation, and in relation to the tactics of the proletarian united front. We analyzed the dominance exercised by the SSA in relation to the PCB, as well as the reformulation and radicalization that run through this agency between 1928 and 1930. The crisis of SSA in 1927 is to be linked directly to the crises do Communist Party of Argentina and the actions of the editor of La Correspondencia Sudamericana and councilman of Buenos Aires, Fernando José Penelón. It also analyzes readings taken by the Communists on the Brazilian national reality, the issues surrounding the passing of the scoundrel who put the PCB into lawlessness in mid-1927, the party attempting to engage in a rapprochement with the radicalized petty bourgeoisie, the electoral and parliamentary activity of the BOC, and the overlap between it and the PCB. It also investigates the process of assimilation by the Brazilian Communist radical political line of IC and the expectation of the IC and the PCB opposite the glimpse of the bourgeois democratic revolution in Brazil in late 1920, which provide, internally, the emergence of ?obreirismo? (?workerism?) in PCB.
458

Da superação da monogamia como princípio estruturante do estatuto jurídico da família / On the overcoming of monogamy as structuring principle of juridical status of the family

Marcos Alves da Silva 20 March 2012 (has links)
A tese propõe novos fundamentos para a abordagem da conjugalidade contemporânea, tendo como eixo de referência a superação da monogamia como princípio estruturante do estatuto jurídico da família. Alguns fios condutores perpassam a tese e norteiam o tratamento do tema: (i) o princípio jurídico da monogamia como mecanismo legitimador da dominação masculina; (ii) a preocupação com a construção de lugares de não-direito e de invisibilidade jurídica de determinadas pessoas, mormente, as concubinas, excluídas da condição de sujeito de direito; (iii) o concubinato, campo privilegiado de estudo, é referido e analisado como estatuto de exclusão; (iv) os fatores decisivos para a reconfiguração da conjugalidade contemporânea: a democracia, o pluralismo cultural e a laicização do Direito; (v) a perspectiva do Direito Civil constitucionalizado é tomada como referência para a problematização da questão central da tese, e os princípios constitucionais da dignidade humana, solidariedade, igualdade, liberdade e democracia prestam-se ao estabelecimento de um banco de provas a que é submetida a assertiva que constitui o enunciado da própria tese: a superação da monogamia como princípio estruturante do estatuto jurídico das famílias contemporâneas. O tratamento dado à matéria é necessariamente interdisciplinar, tendo-se mostrado indispensável a interlocução, ainda que pontual, com historiadores, antropólogos, e sociólogos e mesmo com autores das ciências naturais. O princípio da monogamia consolidado no Ocidente, por força do monopólio da regulação das relações familiares pelo Direito Canônico, especialmente, pelos decretos e cânones tridentinos, e transposto ao domínio jurídico do Estado, a partir das revoluções burguesas experimenta, na reconfiguração da conjugalidade contemporânea, efetivo arrefecimento. Fatores, como a superação da dominação masculina, a laicização do Estado e do Direito, a primazia alcançada pela autonomia privada no campo das situações subjetivas existenciais e coexistenciais, a consagração do princípio do pluralismo das entidades familiares, nítida expressão da democratização da intimidade, são indicados como razões decisivas para a superação da monogamia como princípio jurídico. / The thesis proposes new foundations to approach the contemporaneous conjugality, specially referring to the overcoming of monogamy as a structural foundation for the juridical status of the family. Some essential ideas permeate the thesis and guide the discussion of the topic: (i) monogamy as the juridical institute able to legitimize the masculine domination; (ii) attention to the construction of no-Law zones and to the invisibility of some persons, mainly concubines, that are not entitled to the ownership of rights; (iii) the concubinage, an important field of study, is referred and analyzed as a exclusionist status; (iv) the decisive factors for the reconfiguration of contemporaneous conjugality: democracy, cultural pluralism and laicization of Law; (v) a constitutionally based Civil Law perspective is the foundation for the construction of the thesis discussions, and the constitutional principles of human dignity, solidarity, equality, freedom and democracy serve as tests to the main thesis proposal: the overcoming of monogamy as a structural basis for the juridical foundation of contemporaneous family. The perspective adopted in this study is perforce interdisciplinary, and the discussion, even if topical, with historians, anthropologists and sociologists and, also, with some authors from natural sciences, has been essential. The monogamy principle consolidated in the Occident by the Canonic Laws monopoly on the regulation of familiar relations, especially regarding decrees and Tridentine canons, and transported to the State juridical domination by the Bourgeois Revolutions is subjected to an effective loss of strength in the reconfiguration of contemporaneous conjugality. The overcoming of male domination, the laicization of the State and the Law, the primacy achieved by private autonomy regarding the field of existential and co-existential subjective situations, the consecration of the pluralism of familiar entities as a principle, a clear a expression of the democratization of the intimacy, are decisive factors for the overcoming of the monogamy as a juridical principle.
459

As idéias: asas espirituais do interesse : um estudo de sociologia política de Max Weber

Gigante, Lucas Cid [UNESP] 10 December 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-12-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:07:30Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 gigante_lc_dr_arafcl.pdf: 728927 bytes, checksum: 3324fc0a4b972f5ba4c0f305e0f03617 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A presente pesquisa propõe-se a estabelecer um diálogo com a Sociologia Política de Max Weber, vendo-a como uma área estruturada pelos conceitos de dominação e legitimação, basicamente. Ao contrário da forma de discussão mais corrente que analisa e aplica tais conceitos – bem como os conceitos a eles imediatamente relacionados, como poder, organização e luta – queremos trabalhar a articulação entre idéias e interesses enquanto uma dimensão implícita nestes conceitos, pois que mantém estreita afinidade com eles. Isto significa que as idéias se inserem em cursos de legitimação de interesses materiais e de interesses ideais. Pretendemos demonstrar que existem, no pensamento de Weber, três níveis cruciais desta articulação, quais sejam: o epistemológico, o teórico sistemático de sua Sociologia da Religião e o de sua Sociologia Política, sendo que este último se objetiva a partir da ênfase nas justificações internas em que se apóia a dominação. Derivamos daí a principal questão da pesquisa: como as idéias se inserem em cursos de legitimação específicos? / This study aims to establish a dialogue with Max Weber’s Political Sociology, deeming it as an area structured by the concepts of domination and legitimation, basically. Unlike the most common approach, which analyzes and applies such concepts – as well as the concepts immediately related to them, such as power, organization and strife – we would like to work the articulation between ideas and interests as an implicit dimension in these concepts, for it bears close affinity with them. This means that ideas are inserted in courses of legitimation of ideal and material interests. Our intention is to demonstrate that there are, in Weber’s thought, three crucial levels of such articulation: the epistemological, the theoretical systematic of his Sociology of Religion and that of his Political Sociology, the latter being objectified from the emphasis on the internal justifications which support domination. From that argument we derive the main question of this study: how are ideas embedded in specific courses of legitimation?
460

Legitimidade social da biotecnologia na agricultura : o caso da soja transgênica no sul do Brasil

Lima, Dejoel de Barros January 2007 (has links)
Esta tese focaliza os conflitos pela disputa da legitimidade social dos organismos geneticamente modificados na agricultura e, particularmente, a semente de soja transgênica Roundup Ready. Agentes sociais, de um lado, defendem o uso dos transgênicos e, do outro, se colocam contrários, evidenciando uma polaridade na disputa. O objetivo da tese foi analisar essa disputa circunscrita em uma arena biotecnológica, identificando os principais agentes sociais, seus argumentos e representações na construção da (i)legitimidade dos transgênicos no sul do Brasil, especificamente, nos estados do Rio Grande do Sul e Paraná. Para nortear teoricamente o estudo, partiu-se de uma abordagem construcionista e de uma abordagem retórica e dos processos de dominação para proceder à interpretação. Os resultados mostraram dois grupos de agentes sociais e dois silogismos que sintetizam os esquemas argumentativos. No primeiro grupo, os agentes do otimismo tecnológico defendem não apenas os transgênicos, mas o modelo de desenvolvimento ecotecnocrático. No segundo grupo, os agentes ecossociais contestam a legitimidade e propõem outro modelo, o desenvolvimento ecossocial. Defender um modelo de desenvolvimento revela uma contenda ainda maior, uma disputa ideológica e de poder. Significa também a valorização e a defesa dos pressupostos desse modelo, representando ao mesmo tempo uma filiação dos agentes sociais a um determinado sistema de crenças, valores, visão de mundo, ideologia e habitus, e uma tentativa de impor legitimamente o seu modelo, que pode ser a salvação da humanidade. Os agentes do otimismo tecnológico visam manter ou reforçar o status quo do modelo dominante, e os agentes ecossociais, visam subverter a legitimidade desse modelo, apresentando o modelo de “um outro mundo possível”. / The thesis focuses its attention on struggles that appeared with the disagreement about the social legitimacy of genetically modified organisms in agriculture, and, specifically, the transgenic Soya seed which is known as Roundup Ready. Social agents, from one side, defend the use of transgenic organisms, and of the other side, they are against, pointing out a polarity in this dispute. This thesis aimed to analyse that dispute which is inside a biotechnology arena, identifying the main social agents, their arguments and representations in the construction of the (i) legitimacy of transgenic organisms at the south of Brazil, specifically the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Paraná. The starting points for guiding this research in terms of theories were the constructionist and the rhetoric approach and the processes of domination in order to proceed to interpretations. The results demonstrate two groups of social agents and two syllogisms that synthesized the following argumentative schemes. In the first group, the technological optimism agents defend not only transgenic organisms but also the ecotechnocratic development model. In the second group, the ecosocial agents show to be adverse to legitimacy and propose another model, the ecosocial development. Defending a development model reveals an even major debate that deals with ideology and power. It also means valorisation and defence of the premises of models, and at the same time, an affiliation of social agents to a determinate system of beliefs, values, world visions, ideologies and habitus, and an attempt to impose their model that could be the salvation for humanity. The technological optimism agents aim to keep or to strengthen the status quo of the dominant model, while the ecosocial agents try to subvert the legitimacy of this model, showing an “another world is possible” model.

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