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Uma técnica para a modelagem de estruturas de decisão / A technique for the decision structure modellingCazella, Sergio Ery January 1997 (has links)
Considerando as complexidades envolvidas no processo de tomada de decisão nas organizações de hoje, é fácil ver que este processo representa um ponto importante para a obtenção de vantagens na competição pelo mercado. Portanto, observa-se que a função de gerenciamento é fundamental para a empresa, seja qual for o seu setor de atividade, tamanho, complexidade e tecnologia dos produtos ou serviços por ela oferecidos. Por este motivo, é importante que seja dada uma atenção particular ao aperfeiçoamento desta função e, para que isto seja possível, é necessário que, primeiro, seja feita uma análise detalhada do Sistema de Gerenciamento existente na empresa através da utilização de uma ferramenta que permita criar um modelo que represente as informações necessárias. De acordo com esta necessidade, este trabalho tem como objetivo propor uma técnica que auxilia na criação do modelo da Estrutura de Decisão associada ao Sistema de Gerenciamento da empresa. A técnica descrita está baseada no método de refinamentos sucessivos, e visa permitir que, a partir do modelo macro da estrutura de decisão, sejam criados modelos específicos, com um nível de formalização adequado para a implementação de sistemas de informação automatizados, que possam apoiar o processo da tomada de decisão. A preocupação principal foi propor uma técnica que forneça a facilidade de uma ferramenta gráfica, a qual permita um rápido aprendizado e proporcione ao analista um canal de comunicação com o usuário, assim como também permita a criação de um modelo com um alto grau de detalhamento. Para que isto seja possível a proposta alia o uso das Redes de Petri e do modelo TF-ORM. Ao final é apresentado um estudo de caso focando a estrutura de decisão em um ambiente de manufatura, o qual é utilizado para mostrar a aplicação prática da técnica. / Considering the complexities involved in the process of decision-taking in organizations nowadays, it is easy to realize that this process represents an important point in the acquisition of advantages concerning the competition for the market. Therefore, it is observed that the function of the management is fundamental to the enterprise, whatever its section of activity, size, complexity, technology of its products or services are. That is why it is important to give particular attention to the improvement of that function, and for that to be possible, first it is necessary to do a detailed analysis of the Management System that exists in the enterprise through the utilization of a tool which permits to create a model to represent the needed information. According to this necessity, this paper proposes a technique which helps in the creation of a model of the Decision Structure associated with the Enterprise Management System. This technique has been based on the method of successive refinement and aims at allowing to be created, from the macro model of the decision structure, specific models and with a formalization level adequate to the implement of automatic information's systems that can support the process of decision-taking. The goal was to propose a technique that provides the facility of a graphic tool and permits a fast learning, providing the analyst with a way to communicate with the user, as well as it should permit the creation of a model with a high level of details. For this to be possible, the proposal associates the use of Petri Nets and TF-ORM model together. At the end a case study focusing on the decision structure in a manufacturing environment, with is used to show the practical application of the technique is presented.
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De l’ingénierie des besoins à l’ingénierie des exigences : vers une démarche méthodologique d’ingénierie de systèmes complexes, de vérification et de validation appliquée à l’informatisation des PME / From needs engineering to requirements engineering : Toward amethodological approach for engineering complex systems, verification and validation applied to the computerization of SMEsAmokrane, Nawel 27 April 2016 (has links)
Une entreprise, et particulièrement une PME ou une PMI, doit être apte à évoluer sur des secteurs d’activités souvent très concurrentiels qui évoluent rapidement, par exemple, en fonction d’une clientèle volatile et soucieuse de trouver des produits et des services moins chers et plus adaptés à ses besoins. La PME se trouve alors confrontée à des problèmes de réactivité et de flexibilité face à cette clientèle. Par effet direct, elle recherche à réduire les délais et les coûts de réalisation tout en privilégiant aussi la qualité et le degré d’innovation des biens et des services qu’elle propose. Le système d’information de cette PME est un enjeu essentiel pour mettre en œuvre cette stratégie et maximiser donc la réactivité et la flexibilité mais aussi la rentabilité et la qualité recherchées. Ce sont des qualités incontournables, garantes d’une autonomie et d’une reconnaissance dont la PME a grand besoin. Le système d’information est en effet la courroie de transmission entre le système de décision et le système productif qui génère la valeur ajoutée de la PME. Il fait le lien entre les différents acteurs de l’organisation mais aussi avec les partenaires externes de l’entreprise. Une partie de ce système d’information est de fait informatisée. Celui-ci supporte, mémorise et traite les informations nécessaires aux différents processus de décision, métier et support qui tapissent l’organisation pour servir la stratégie de l’entreprise. Les fonctionnalités, les interfaces et les données qui forment ce système informatisé sont donc cruciales à comprendre, à développer en accord avec les besoins de la PME, à améliorer au fur et à mesure de l’évolution de ces besoins. La PME est donc tentée de se lancer, seule ou accompagnée, dans des projets dits d’informatisation i.e. des projets visant le développement ou l’amélioration de son système informatisé. Nous nous intéressons ici à des projets visant à développer des applicatifs de gestion et de pilotage de la PME. La PME – prenant alors le rôle de la maîtrise d’ouvrage (MOA) – tout comme la société de services qui l’accompagne – prenant alors en charge le rôle de maîtrise d’œuvre (MOE) – doivent partager une vision commune des besoins d’informatisation. Elles sont alors appelées à mener en commun des activités d’ingénierie des besoins et des exigences (IBE). L’IBE guide et accompagne la PME pour arriver à décrire et formaliser ses besoins. Elle permet ensuite à la société de service de spécifier de manière plus formelle ces besoins sous forme d’exigences qui définissent alors les travaux de développement souhaités. L’IBE est souvent réalisée avec une assistance à maitrise d’ouvrage. Cette étape cruciale reste cependant difficile pour une PME. Elle est de plus souvent réalisée par la MOE elle-même pour faire face au manque de moyens, de temps et de compétences de la PME. Or, l’implication des collaborateurs de la PME est primordiale pour la réussite de tout projet d’informatisation, surtout si celui-ci impacte durablement le fonctionnement de la PME.Ces travaux, développés dans le cadre d’une collaboration Industrie/recherche avec la SSII RESULIS, ont consisté à développer une méthode d’IBE qui offre aux PME des concepts, des langages et des moyens de modélisation et de vérification simples mais suffisants tout en tant aisément manipulables de manière intuitive et donnant lieu à une formalisation pertinente pour la MOE. Cette méthode est basée sur le croisement et la complémentarité de principes issus de la Modélisation d’Entreprise et de l’Ingénierie Système pour l’élicitation de besoins. Des moyens de vérification et de validation semi-formels sont appliqués pour garantir certaines qualités attendues des exigences résultantes. La méthode s’intègre également au cycle de développement basé sur les modèles pour permettre a posteriori d’accélérer la production de prototypes et de rendre interopérables les langages et outils de la MOA et de la MOE. / Most enterprises, and especially SMEs, must develop their business in very competitive and rapidly changing fields. Where they have to adapt to volatile customers who want to find cheaper products and services and that are more corresponding to their needs. The SME is then confronted with problems of responsiveness and flexibility in responding to these customers. As an effect, it seeks to reduce the costs and time to market and to provide high quality and innovative goods and services. The SME’s information system is an asset on which it can rely to implement this strategy and so to maximize its responsiveness and flexibility but also to reach the sought profitability and quality. These are key qualities that guarantee autonomy and recognition, qualities that are highly needed by any SME. The Information system is indeed the drive belt of information not only inside the enterprise, between decision and operational systems proving added value of the enterprise, but also within its environment that includes its external partners. Part of this information system is computerized. It stores and processes the information needed by the different decision-making, business and support processes that serve the enterprise’s strategy. It is crucial to understand the features, interfaces and data that make up this computerized system and develop them according to the needs of SME. The SME is therefore tempted to embark, alone or accompanied, in so-called computerization projects i.e. projects for the development or improvement of its computerized system. We are interested in projects aimed at developing management applications of SMEs. The SME – then assuming the role of project owner – along with the development team – supporting the role of project management – have to share a common vision of the computerization needs. They are then called upon to carry out jointly requirements engineering (RE) activities. RE guides the SMEs to be able to describe and formalize its needs. It then allows the development team to specify more formally these needs as requirements which then define the required development work. RE is often carried out with the assistance of project owner support. This crucial step remains difficult for SMEs. It is most often performed by the development team itself to address the lack of resources, time and skills of SMEs. However, the involvement of the SME’s members is vital to the success of any computerization project, especially if it permanently affects the functioning of the enterprise.This work, developed through a collaborative with the company RESULIS, consisted in developing a requirements engineering method which offers SMEs concepts, simple languages, modeling and verification means that are easily and intuitively manipulated and provide sufficient and relevant formalization of the SME’s requirements. This method is based on principles derived from both enterprise modeling and systems engineering fields for requirements elicitation. Semi-formal verification and validation means are applied to guarantee some expected qualities of the resulting requirements. The method is also integrated in the model driven development cycle to enable a posteriori the production of prototypes and make interoperable the languages and tools used by both the SME and the development team.
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Investigação do processo de desenvolvimento de software a partir da modelagem organizacional, enfatizando regras do negócio / Investigation of the process in software development based on enterprise modeling, emphasizing business rulesSilvia Inês Dallavalle de Pádua 27 March 2001 (has links)
A preocupação da engenharia de software esteve por muito tempo relacionada a aspectos da funcionalidade do sistema, ou seja, com \"o que\" e \"como\" fazer e não com o \"por que\" fazer. Tais aspectos, envolvidos nos processos existentes, buscam a definição das propriedades desejadas, em lugar de observarem a informação de uma forma mais ampla, começando com as necessidades do próprio negócio, ou dos objetivos dos sistemas nele embutidos. As técnicas de análise estruturadas, diagrama de fluxo de dados e modelagem entidade e relacionamento modelam importantes conceitos para o desenvolvimento de sistemas, mas não buscam por soluções alternativas inovadoras aos problemas da organização. É comum encontrar situações onde o sistema não satisfaz às reais necessidades do negócio, embora esteja tecnicamente correto. O entendimento dos aspectos sociais, organizacionais, técnicos, jurídicos e econômicos é essencial para a realização de um bom trabalho de engenharia de requisitos. Nesse sentido, a modelagem organizacional facilita a compreensão do ambiente empresarial e é reconhecida como uma atividade valiosa pela engenharia de requisitos. O modelo organizacional representa o \"mundo\" onde se aplicam as regras do negócio. O entendimento das regras do negócio é muito importante para a organização ser flexível em um ambiente de crescente competitividade. Com a necessidade de se ter a modelagem dos aspectos relativos à organização para que o sistema atenda as suas reais necessidades, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar o processo de desenvolvimento de software buscando conhecer técnicas ou métodos que atendem aos requisitos organizacionais, enfatizando o uso de regras do negócio com a finalidade de obter a especificação de requisitos. / The software engineering\'s focus were for a long time related to system\'s functionality aspects, or with \"what\" and \"how\" to do, and not with \"why\" to do. Those aspects in the existents process are looking for the definition of the desired proprieties instead observe the information in a more large aspect, beginning with the business needs itself or the systems goals inserted in it. The structure analysis techniques, flux data diagram, and relationship and entity modeling form important concepts for systems development but do not search for innovating alternatives solutions for organization\'s problems. It is very common to find situations were the system does not satisfy the real business needs, thought it is technically correct. The comprehension of social, organizational, technical, juridical and economics aspects are essential for a good realization of requirements in engineering work. In that way the enterprise modeling makes the business environment comprehension easier and is recognized as a value activity by the requirements engineering. The enterprise model represents the \"world\" where the business rules are applied. The comprehension of the business rules is very important so the organization can be flexible in a growing competitive environment. With the necessity to have a modeling of the relative aspects to the organization so the system can accomplish the real needs, this present research has the objective to investigate a software development process trying to find techniques or methods that answer the enterprise\'s requirement, emphasizing the use of business rules to obtain the specifics requirements.
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Uma técnica para a modelagem de estruturas de decisão / A technique for the decision structure modellingCazella, Sergio Ery January 1997 (has links)
Considerando as complexidades envolvidas no processo de tomada de decisão nas organizações de hoje, é fácil ver que este processo representa um ponto importante para a obtenção de vantagens na competição pelo mercado. Portanto, observa-se que a função de gerenciamento é fundamental para a empresa, seja qual for o seu setor de atividade, tamanho, complexidade e tecnologia dos produtos ou serviços por ela oferecidos. Por este motivo, é importante que seja dada uma atenção particular ao aperfeiçoamento desta função e, para que isto seja possível, é necessário que, primeiro, seja feita uma análise detalhada do Sistema de Gerenciamento existente na empresa através da utilização de uma ferramenta que permita criar um modelo que represente as informações necessárias. De acordo com esta necessidade, este trabalho tem como objetivo propor uma técnica que auxilia na criação do modelo da Estrutura de Decisão associada ao Sistema de Gerenciamento da empresa. A técnica descrita está baseada no método de refinamentos sucessivos, e visa permitir que, a partir do modelo macro da estrutura de decisão, sejam criados modelos específicos, com um nível de formalização adequado para a implementação de sistemas de informação automatizados, que possam apoiar o processo da tomada de decisão. A preocupação principal foi propor uma técnica que forneça a facilidade de uma ferramenta gráfica, a qual permita um rápido aprendizado e proporcione ao analista um canal de comunicação com o usuário, assim como também permita a criação de um modelo com um alto grau de detalhamento. Para que isto seja possível a proposta alia o uso das Redes de Petri e do modelo TF-ORM. Ao final é apresentado um estudo de caso focando a estrutura de decisão em um ambiente de manufatura, o qual é utilizado para mostrar a aplicação prática da técnica. / Considering the complexities involved in the process of decision-taking in organizations nowadays, it is easy to realize that this process represents an important point in the acquisition of advantages concerning the competition for the market. Therefore, it is observed that the function of the management is fundamental to the enterprise, whatever its section of activity, size, complexity, technology of its products or services are. That is why it is important to give particular attention to the improvement of that function, and for that to be possible, first it is necessary to do a detailed analysis of the Management System that exists in the enterprise through the utilization of a tool which permits to create a model to represent the needed information. According to this necessity, this paper proposes a technique which helps in the creation of a model of the Decision Structure associated with the Enterprise Management System. This technique has been based on the method of successive refinement and aims at allowing to be created, from the macro model of the decision structure, specific models and with a formalization level adequate to the implement of automatic information's systems that can support the process of decision-taking. The goal was to propose a technique that provides the facility of a graphic tool and permits a fast learning, providing the analyst with a way to communicate with the user, as well as it should permit the creation of a model with a high level of details. For this to be possible, the proposal associates the use of Petri Nets and TF-ORM model together. At the end a case study focusing on the decision structure in a manufacturing environment, with is used to show the practical application of the technique is presented.
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Design and Evaluation of a Wiki-based Collaborative Process Modeling EnvironmentErol, Selim January 2012 (has links) (PDF)
The area of business process management in general and and especially business process design has only recently discovered potential applications of social software to facilitate and support collaboration [Scheer and Klueckmann, 2009]. This development is also fueled by the practical insight that organizations have experienced top-down approaches in the design and implementation of business processes to be not effective. In fact, many process management initiatives failed due to a lack of acceptance of chosen methods and tools. As a consequence in many organizations so called [Klückmann and Scheer, 2009] "Guerilla approaches" have been followed where individual organizational units introduced their own business process management philosophy and as well techniques and tools that fit their specific needs. However, Klückmann and Scheer [2009] stress the fact that although distributed business process management initiatives should generally not be hindered, it is important to channel and integrate these initiatives towards a more consistent and efficient process management in the large. Business process modeling in this context serves several purposes in the process management cycle. One purpose is the analysis of business processes to uncover potential performance weaknesses and provide a basis for improvements. Another purpose is the unambiguous documentation of business processes as a resource for knowledge transfer, organizational learning and governance.
An increasingly important purpose is the use of process models to support the design and engineering of respective enterprise information systems [Davies et al., 2006]. Hence, the complex and abstract nature of process models and the closedness of process modeling environments
has prevented them to be broadly accepted and used by non-experts [Nolte et al., 2011] viz the process community in a wider sense. Consequently, process documentation and models in organizations frequently is outdated, incomplete and inconsistent. This model-reality divide in turn leads to even more reluctance towards the adoption of process modeling environments and use of process models. Bridging this model-reality divide by fostering open and fluent col-
laboration through adequate features inspired by social software has gained growing attention by academia and industry [Mathiesen et al., 2012].
Although both industry and academia have addressed the need for collaboration support in process modeling only limited insight exists regarding the specific requirements for software-support in collaborative process modeling. This work refers to existing research (e.g. [Mendling et al., 2012; Riemer et al., 2011]) on requirements for software-support in collaborative process modeling and wiki-based process modeling (e.g. [Ghidini et al., 2010; Dengler and Vrandecic, 2011]). and pursues the following goals: (1) gain an understanding of the nature and requirements of collaborative process modeling in practice, (2) investigate how these requirements can be addressed through the design of a wiki-based collaborative process modeling environment, and (3) gain insight how a wiki-based collaborative process modeling environment supports process design activities in practice.
To address these goals a design science approach has been followed. Through a systematic literature review and qualitative expert interviews a preliminary understanding of the problem domain and specification of requirements has been achieved. Through the extension and adaption of a well-proven collaboration platform (a wiki engine) for process modeling support several of the previously identified design issues have been addressed. In particular, issues regarding the flexible integration of a visual process modeling interface component into a collaboration environment and issues regarding concurrent scenarios in process modeling have been discussed in detail and realized partly on a technical level. Two major software components have been developed for the support of collaborative process modeling. First, a light-weight and easily integratable user-interface component for process model creation has been developed and integrated into the collaboration environment (a wiki engine). Second, the identification and handling of concurrent situations when multiple modelers access and modify a process model page has been implemented on an element level which allows for the interactive resolution and semi-automatic merging of conflicting revisions of a process model. Case-studies in an industrial and an academic setting provided valuable insights in the practice of collaborative process modeling and gave feedback on the applicability of a wiki-based approach. The first case-study of a process re-design in the recruiting department of an office supply manufacturing company in Hungary describes the insights gained during a long-term collaboration within a small group. Findings were especially valuable for further enhancements of the software and an understanding of practical requirements in iterative model creation and validation. The second case-study in the context of two bachelor and master courses in information system design has lead to insights regarding the requirements in highly dynamic collaboration scenarios in small groups and large groups but as well regarding the efficiency and effectiveness of wiki-based process modeling in collaborative learning processes. (author's abstract)
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A transformation of a garment company from offline to online - an analysis with solutions based on SWOT and Enterprise Modeling : A case study on a small traditional enterpriseShuting, Wan January 2020 (has links)
Chinese traditional garment enterprises not only have to face inventory and channel problems left over by history, but also encounter the influx of new online companies into the market, resulting in a significant decline in the turnover of the traditional garment industry. With the promotion of e-commerce, the economic development of the garment industry presents a new trend. In order to find new opportunities in the environment of increasingly fierce competition, traditional garment enterprises have embarked on the road of strategic transformation.This study takes a garment company DLD as the research subject and displays the primary information through the Business Model Canvas. A case study, therefore, is the research strategy applied in this study, and data are collected through interviews and questionnaires. The primary method of analyzing data is a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis. The purpose of this study is to provide a useful reference for the enterprise in the transformation of e-commerce. SWOT analysis is conducted under the background information based on the Business Model Canvas, which demonstrates the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats encountered in the transformation process of its sales channel from offline to online. Combined with the Enterprise Modeling, this study summarizes the strategic transformation of the DLD company and proposes corresponding strategies and recommendations. Implementing the O2O e-commerce mode and the C2B business mode effectively reduces the product backlog and improves the company's competitiveness in the market. In the process of implementing these two modes, establishing a consumer database, unifying product prices, and establishing online and offline coordination teams are some practical methods for adjusting conflicts between sales channels and increasing product update rates. Besides, through the questionnaire, the recommendations proposed in this study are evaluated, two of which required further investigation and design.
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A Unified Framework for e-Commerce Systems Development : Business Process Pattern PerspectiveJayaweera, Prasad M. January 2004 (has links)
<p>In electronic commerce, systems development is based on two fundamental types of models, business models and process models. A business model is concerned with value exchanges among business partners, while a process model focuses on operational and procedural aspects of business communication. Thus, a business model defines the what in an e-commerce system, while a process model defines the <i>how</i>. Business process design can be facilitated and improved by a method for systematically moving from a business model to a process model. Such a method would provide support for traceability, evaluation of design alternatives, and seamless transition from analysis to realization. This work proposes a unified framework that can be used as a basis to analyze, to interpret and to understand different concepts associated at different stages in e-Commerce system development. In this thesis, we illustrate how UN/CEFACT’s recommended metamodels for business and process design can be analyzed, extended and then integrated for the final solutions based on the proposed unified framework. Also, as an application of the framework, we demonstrate how process-modeling tasks can be facilitated in e-Commerce system design. The proposed methodology, called BP<sup>3</sup> stands for Business Process Patterns Perspective. The BP<sup>3</sup> methodology uses a question-answer interface to capture different business requirements from the designers. It is based on pre-defined process patterns, and the final solution is generated by applying the captured business requirements by means of a set of production rules to complete the inter-process communication among these patterns.</p>
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Gestão ágil de redes de inovação auto-organizadas / Agile management of self-organizing innovation networksSilva, Cristiane Carneiro da 11 December 2015 (has links)
A busca por vantagem competitiva é a realidade das empresas na atual economia global. A formação de redes de inovação representa uma forma colaborativa de desenvolver inovações e adquirir vantagem competitiva para atingir novos mercados. Nesses ambientes a gestão constitui-se em um desafio e diversas abordagens podem ser aplicadas na busca pelo sucesso. Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de identificar e sistematizar como a abordagem de gestão ágil, fundamentada na flexibilidade e adaptabilidade, pode ser aplicada nesses ambientes. A metodologia de pesquisa compreende um estudo bibliográfico para embasamento teórico da temática proposta e uma pesquisa-ação para coletar dados em campo. A análise e discussão do cruzamento entre as evidências teóricas e os dados práticos visa propor uma modelagem de empresas para apoiar a aplicação da gestão ágil em ambientes de redes de inovação auto-organizadas. A modelagem desenvolvida foi guiada pela metodologia Enterprise Knowledge Development-Change Management Method (EKD-CMM) conforme a For Enterprise Modeling (4EM). O resultado da pesquisa identifica os benefícios e limitações observados na aplicação prática da mesma e contribui para ampliar a compreensão dos elementos envolvidos no processo de gestão de redes de inovação auto-organizadas, utilizando a abordagem ágil. / The race for competitive advantage is the business reality in today\'s global economy. Innovation networks formation is a collaborative way to develop innovations and acquire competitive advantage to reach new markets. Management is a challenge in these environments and different approaches can be applied in the pursuit of success. This research aims to identify and systematize how agile management approach, based on flexibility and adaptability, can be applied in these environments. The research methodology comprises a bibliographical study to present the theoretical background in the field of interest and one action research to data collection. The analysis and discussion of the intersection between theoretical background and field practical data aims to propose an enterprise modeling to support the application of agile management in self-organized innovation network environments. The modeling development was guided by the Enterprise Knowledge Development-Change Management Method (EKD-CMM) based on For Enterprise Modeling (4EM) methodology. The research result identifies the benefits and limitations observed in its pratical implementation and contributes to expand the understanding of the elements involved in the management process of self-organizing innovation networks using agile management approach.
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Método de avaliação do modelo de processos de negócio do EKD / Assessment method of business process model of EKDPádua, Silvia Inês Dallavalle de 03 December 2004 (has links)
Atualmente as empresas precisam de sistemas ágeis a mudanças constantes do ambiente do negócio e para garantir que os sistemas cumpram com sua finalidade, os desenvolvedores devem possuir uma compreensão mais aprofundada sobre a organização, seus objetivos, metas e estratégias de mercado. O principal problema para o desenvolvimento de sistemas de software tem sido a dificuldade em se obter informações sobre o domínio da aplicação. Essa dificuldade levou ao surgimento de técnicas de modelagem organizacional, sendo uma atividade valiosa para a compreensão do ambiente empresarial. O EKD - Enterprise Knowledge Development - é uma metodologia que fornece uma forma sistemática e controlada de analisar, entender, desenvolver e documentar uma organização. Infelizmente não possui uma sintaxe e semântica bem definidas, dificultando análises mais complexas dos modelos. Como resultado, o modelo de processos de negócio do EKD pode ser ambíguo e de difícil análise, principalmente em sistemas mais complexos, não sendo possível verificar a consistência e completude do modelo. Neste trabalho, esses problemas serão estudados sob uma abordagem baseada em redes de Petri. O formalismo de redes de Petri a torna uma importante técnica de modelagem para a representação de processos. Além disso, redes de Petri permitem rastrear cada etapa da operação sem ambigüidade e possuem métodos eficientes de análise que garantem que o modelo está livre de erros. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver um método de avaliação do modelo de processo de negócio do EKD (MPN-EKD). Por meio desse método é possível verificar se o modelo tem erros de construção e travamentos. Este método pode ser aplicado em modelos direcionados para o desenvolvimento de sistema de informação ou de controle do fluxo de trabalho, e pode ser utilizado também para o estudo de estratégias de trabalho e simulação do fluxo de trabalho. / Nowadays all companies need fast systems and frequent changes on the business environment and to guarantee that the systems are reaching their goals, the developers must have a deeper comprehension of the enterprise, its goals and market strategies. The main problem to the development of software systems has been the difficulty to obtain information about the application domain. This difficulty leaded to the creation of enterprise modeling techniques, which is a valuable activity for the comprehension of business environment. The EKD - Enterprise Knowledge Development - is a methodology that gives a systematic and controlled way to analyze, understand, develop, and document an enterprise. Unfortunately it doesn\'t have syntax neither a semantic well defined, which doesn\'t help on more complex analyses of the models. As a result, the enterprise process model of EKD can be ambiguous and hard to analyze, especially on more complex systems, and also it is not possible to verify the consistency and entireness of the model. On this paper, these problems will be studied under an approach based on Petri nets. Because of the Petri nets formalism this is an important modeling technique to process representation. Furthermore, Petri nets allow the tracking of each step of the operation without ambiguity and also they have efficient methodology for analyses, which guarantee the accuracy of the model. Therefore, this work has the objective to develop an evaluation methodology of the business process model of EKD (MPN-EKD). Such methodology will make possible the verification of possible building and locking model errors. This methodology can be applied to information systems or workflow, and also can be used to study the strategies of work and workflow simulations.
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Gestão ágil de redes de inovação auto-organizadas / Agile management of self-organizing innovation networksCristiane Carneiro da Silva 11 December 2015 (has links)
A busca por vantagem competitiva é a realidade das empresas na atual economia global. A formação de redes de inovação representa uma forma colaborativa de desenvolver inovações e adquirir vantagem competitiva para atingir novos mercados. Nesses ambientes a gestão constitui-se em um desafio e diversas abordagens podem ser aplicadas na busca pelo sucesso. Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de identificar e sistematizar como a abordagem de gestão ágil, fundamentada na flexibilidade e adaptabilidade, pode ser aplicada nesses ambientes. A metodologia de pesquisa compreende um estudo bibliográfico para embasamento teórico da temática proposta e uma pesquisa-ação para coletar dados em campo. A análise e discussão do cruzamento entre as evidências teóricas e os dados práticos visa propor uma modelagem de empresas para apoiar a aplicação da gestão ágil em ambientes de redes de inovação auto-organizadas. A modelagem desenvolvida foi guiada pela metodologia Enterprise Knowledge Development-Change Management Method (EKD-CMM) conforme a For Enterprise Modeling (4EM). O resultado da pesquisa identifica os benefícios e limitações observados na aplicação prática da mesma e contribui para ampliar a compreensão dos elementos envolvidos no processo de gestão de redes de inovação auto-organizadas, utilizando a abordagem ágil. / The race for competitive advantage is the business reality in today\'s global economy. Innovation networks formation is a collaborative way to develop innovations and acquire competitive advantage to reach new markets. Management is a challenge in these environments and different approaches can be applied in the pursuit of success. This research aims to identify and systematize how agile management approach, based on flexibility and adaptability, can be applied in these environments. The research methodology comprises a bibliographical study to present the theoretical background in the field of interest and one action research to data collection. The analysis and discussion of the intersection between theoretical background and field practical data aims to propose an enterprise modeling to support the application of agile management in self-organized innovation network environments. The modeling development was guided by the Enterprise Knowledge Development-Change Management Method (EKD-CMM) based on For Enterprise Modeling (4EM) methodology. The research result identifies the benefits and limitations observed in its pratical implementation and contributes to expand the understanding of the elements involved in the management process of self-organizing innovation networks using agile management approach.
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