This study addresses food security in three communities in rural, central Honduras by looking at the interrelationships among nutritious food, environmental and political forces, and cultural behaviours through the collection and analysis of local knowledge and laboratory data. Evaluation of ethnographic research were combined with analysis of policy documents and the nutritional analysis of ninety local varieties of corn. Research showed how households in three rural communities in the mountains of Honduras, struggle to access sufficient, safe and nutritious food while respecting cultural and agricultural diversity. Policies to address food security need to not only address the diversity of environmental niches, and a history of disenfranchisement of most rural farmers from the political process, but also the cultural ideals that impact definitions of hunger and nutrition. Analysis of 90 varieties of local landraces show that coloured varieties of maize have higher nutritional value for protein, anthocyanin, and vitamin A content. / Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC), Ontario Graduate Scholarship, CIDA's CGIAR-Canada Linkage Fund (CCLF)

Thesis (Ph.D.) - Carleton University, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 344-364). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Submitted by Aelson Maciera (aelsoncm@terra.com.br) on 2017-04-24T18:23:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissKAMO.pdf: 1494748 bytes, checksum: 7f422c4f685ad4a38059d3feed6ea4e6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-04-25T18:36:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissKAMO.pdf: 1494748 bytes, checksum: 7f422c4f685ad4a38059d3feed6ea4e6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-04-25T18:36:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissKAMO.pdf: 1494748 bytes, checksum: 7f422c4f685ad4a38059d3feed6ea4e6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-25T18:40:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissKAMO.pdf: 1494748 bytes, checksum: 7f422c4f685ad4a38059d3feed6ea4e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The following research was carried out in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, specifically at high school level in public schools. The objective of this research is to know, through surveys, the teachers´ and students’ perceptions, about the use of songs in English teaching. This research is divided into three chapters the first called educational stage of Honduras, in which the its describe the location of the Central American country, as well as a brief description of the economic and social situation of the country. In addition, it describes how the education system in Honduras is organized based on the National Basic Curriculum (CNB), also defines the purpose of each educational level, with an emphasis on the high school level. The second chapter is about the English teaching methodology, and the relevance in Honduras. It also explains the proper use of English songs to increase the four basic skills of a language (listening, speaking, reading and writing). The third and final chapter shows the data analysis about the surveys applied in high school level to teachers and students. At the end of the third chapter it is suggested a didactic proposal based on the songs mentioned by teachers and students. / La presente investigación fue realizada en Tegucigalpa, Honduras, específicamente en el nivel de educación media en cinco colegios públicos de dicha ciudad. El objetivo de esta investigación es dar a conocer, por medio de encuestas, la percepción de los profesores y estudiantes, sobre el uso de canciones como herramienta pedagógica en la enseñanza del idioma inglés. Esta investigación se divide en tres capítulos el primero llamado escenario educacional de Honduras, en la cual se dará a conocer la ubicación del país centroamericano, y también una breve descripción de la situación económica y social que enfrenta el país en la actualidad. Además, se describe como está organizado el sistema de educación en Honduras basándose en el Currículo Nacional Básico (CNB), e igualmente se define la finalidad de cada nivel educativo, haciendo énfasis en el nivel medio. El segundo capítulo se destaca la metodología de enseñanza del idioma inglés, y su importancia en el país. Asimismo, se expone el uso de canciones para acrecentar las cuatro habilidades básicas de lenguaje (escuchar, hablar, leer y escribir). El tercer y último capítulo es un análisis de datos sobre las encuestas aplicadas a los profesores y estudiantes del nivel medio de educación. Al final de este capítulo se muestra una propuesta didáctica basada en canciones mencionadas por los profesores y estudiantes que participaron en las encuestas.

Rescate y análisis en conjunto de las primeras novelas históricas escritas por mujeres en los diferentes países centroamericanos hasta 1950.

El ámbito de la Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (CID) ha experimentado cambios sustanciales en el periodo posterior al fin de la Guerra Fría. El protagonismo de nuevos países emergentes ha conllevado a la coexistencia de dos grandes modalidades de CID: la Cooperación Norte-Sur (CNS) y la Cooperación Sur- Sur (CSS). Si bien los principales protagonistas de la CSS han sido potencias emergentes, como China e India, este nuevo posicionamiento de la CSS ha abierto una ventana de oportunidad para que otros países empiecen a incursionar en la provisión de CID. América Latina es la región en la que mayor arraigo ha tenido dicha modalidad y gran parte de los países han incorporado la CSS como parte de su política exterior. El Perú no es la excepción a esta tendencia y, durante la última década, se ha ido consolidando una agenda de política exterior que busca situarlo como un país oferente de CID, mediante la CSS. Considerando las características y el desarrollo del Perú como país oferente de CID, se analizarán los elementos determinantes de la provisión de CID peruana en el caso de Honduras. Específicamente, se responderá la siguiente pregunta ¿Qué ha determinado la provisión de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo por parte del Estado peruano al país de Honduras, durante el periodo 2016-2021? La investigación será llevada a cabo empleando una metodología cualitativa, específicamente, se trata de un estudio de caso. Se considerarán los determinantes y motivaciones de la provisión de CID que se han planteado desde las distintas corrientes teóricas de las Relaciones Internacionales, para luego contrastarlas con el caso bajo estudio. El análisis de los determinantes se realizará considerando postulados centrales de la teoría de roles y del constructivismo. Empleando la información obtenida, en base a documentos relevantes de instituciones del Estado y entrevistas con los tomadores de decisiones involucrados en la CID, se llega a la conclusión principal de que son tres las variables que explican el fenómeno de estudio. La primera variable refiere al rol político del Perú, desde el cual se plantea que al Perú le corresponde mayor influencia en los espacios y agendas internacionales. La segunda variable refiere al rol económico del Perú, desde el cual el papel que le corresponde al Perú en la economía internacional es el de país que promueve los intercambios comerciales y las inversiones. La tercera variable refiere a la relación especial que se ha construido en el ámbito de la CID con el país hondureño, relación basada en el estrechamiento de vínculos políticos y económicos que se han dado a partir del 2013 entre ambos países. Las tres variables se derivan de las nociones e ideas compartidas que tienen los principales tomadores de decisiones acerca del papel que debería desempeñar el Perú en la arena internacional.

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The present thesis compares geografical education in Argentina, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico and Spain. The main subject is the concept of the geografical education of level ISCED 2, presented in binding curriculum of the foremntioned countries. Content analysis of the curriculum aims to find out whether general geographical education is being unified or not. This thesis seeks to verify or falsify the hypothesis of bases of the elementary general geographical education being consistent in globalised world. This hypothesis is justified by the fact that educational potential of geography (certain basis of maternal discipline) is very similar across the world, as are main educational needs of today's society. Undoubtedly, the needs determine the goals, topics and content structure of geographical education. The structure of the thesis is congruent with the forementioned goals. The first part gives broader background of the subject. The second part is the research, its methodology and results. The concept of geographical education in curriculum was assessed through quantitaive and qualitative content analysis. Quantitative analysis focused on the frequency of key words (indicators of content unification) in educational goals and main topics. If the given indicator had been found to be present in at least...

The purpose of this paper was to review the economic development strategies followed by Taiwan to attempt to identify possible lesson-learned that could be of service to developing countries such as Honduras that are currently striving to achieve economic growth and fight poverty. During this investigation, we reviewed the macroeconomic framework and economic development strategies of Honduras, especially those contained in the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) most recently prepared for Honduras. In the case of Taiwan, we made a brief description of the macroeconomic structure and also a summary of the different strategies implemented from 1950 to the present. We made especial emphasis on the development strategies applied during the early stages of the Taiwanese economic development as they relate more to the current economic situation of Honduras. We found that among the lessons learned from the Taiwanese experience and that could be applied to the effort of Honduras to improve its economic development status are the promotion of agriculture and land reform, investment in human capital especially in terms of education, and the principle of comparative advantage in terms of trade. Honduras is currently at a turning point with the implementation of the United States-Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), the Highly Indebted Poor Initiate (HIPC), the Interamerican Development Bank debt relief negotiation, and other financial strategies. The country could use the current opportunities to guide its economic strategy toward the reduction of poverty and economic improvement. / The purpose of this paper was to review the economic development strategies followed by Taiwan to attempt to identify possible lesson-learned that could be of service to developing countries such as Honduras that are currently striving to achieve economic growth and fight poverty. During this investigation, we reviewed the macroeconomic framework and economic development strategies of Honduras, especially those contained in the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) most recently prepared for Honduras. In the case of Taiwan, we made a brief description of the macroeconomic structure and also a summary of the different strategies implemented from 1950 to the present. We made especial emphasis on the development strategies applied during the early stages of the Taiwanese economic development as they relate more to the current economic situation of Honduras. We found that among the lessons learned from the Taiwanese experience and that could be applied to the effort of Honduras to improve its economic development status are the promotion of agriculture and land reform, investment in human capital especially in terms of education, and the principle of comparative advantage in terms of trade. Honduras is currently at a turning point with the implementation of the United States-Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), the Highly Indebted Poor Initiate (HIPC), the Interamerican Development Bank debt relief negotiation, and other financial strategies. The country could use the current opportunities to guide its economic strategy toward the reduction of poverty and economic improvement.

The scarcity of data poses a challenging obstacle for the study of natural disasters, especially in developing countries where the social vulnerability plays as important a role as the physical vulnerability.  The work presented in this thesis is oriented towards the demonstration of the usefulness of press archives as a data source for the temporal and spatial analysis of landslides in Tegucigalpa, Honduras for the period between 1980 and 2005.  In the last four decades, Tegucigalpa has been characterized by a disorganized urban growth that has significantly contributed to the destabilization of the city’s slopes.  In the first part of the thesis, a description of the database compilation procedure is provided.  The limitations of using data derived from press archives have also been addressed to indicate how these affect the subsequent landslide analyses.  In the second part, the temporal richness offered by press archives has allowed the establishment of rainfall thresholds for landslide occurrence.  Through the use of the critical rainfall intensity method, the analysis of rainfall thresholds for 7, 15, 30 and 60 antecedent days shows that the number of yielded false alarms increases with the threshold duration.  A new method based on the rainfall frequency contour lines was proposed to improve the distinction between days with and without landslides.  This method also offers the possibility to identify the landslides that may only occur with a major contribution of anthropogenic disturbances as well as those landslides induced by high-magnitude rainfall events.  In the third part, the matrix method has been employed to construct two landslide susceptibility maps: one based on the multi-temporal press-based landslide inventory and a second one based on the landslide inventory derived from an aerial photograph interpretation carried out in 2014.  Despite the low spatial accuracy provided by the press archives in locating the landslides, both maps exhibit 69% of consistency in the susceptibility classes and a good agreement in the areas with the highest propensity to landslides.  Finally, the integration of these studies with major actions required to improve the process of landslide data collection is proposed to prepare Tegucigalpa for future landslides.