The diploma thesis focuses on the specific character of the general interest education, it also deals with a history of children's and youth's homes. It will concentrate mainly on teaching the flute playing with the main aim to find out the forms and methods of the teaching. The thesis includes also a questionnaire survey focusing on the organization of the Prague's DDMs. Senior teaching staff and lecturers will be addressed in order to find out the current status and professional level of teaching the musical instruments. A proposal of my own procedure (annual plan, methodology, teaching material) will be introduced in the practical part. KEYWORDS Recorder, DDM, textbook, leisure, history DDM, lecturer

A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Communication Science at the University of Zululand, 2002. / In this thesis I present the results of a literature study, followed by an empirical surrey, regarding the leisure time activities of Zulu adolescents in rural and semi-rural areas of KwaZuhi-Natal along the northeastern seaboard of South Africa. My findings contextualise the above group's socialisation with regard to leisure time activities, home chores, school homework, school sports activities, communal tribal activities and local community events. I document and explain a variety of neighbourhood activities, including ones played during impromptu-organised neighbourhood get togethers. They include games ranging from the mundane to the innovative. I also analyse the annual Zulu Reed Dance Ceremony as a symbolic female rite of passage to womanhood, and various activities that serve as male rite-of-passage activities to manhood. My major finding is that all forms of social behaviour of Zulu rural adolescents — including their leisure time preferences — are informed by a coherent value-belief system in which religious beliefs play a central integrating role.

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This thesis focuses on leisure time activities and places, which are prefered by urban teenagers for spending their leisure time. My first objective is to focus on a new trend in the sphere of spending leisure time of contemporary teenagers, thereby the passive leisure time spending in large shopping malls. Nowadays shopping malls are very fashionable places for realization of leisure time activities, not only among youth. Teenagers play the pivotal role in my work, because this group of population predestines - to a certain degree - the future evolution in a society. The main aim is to understand why teenagers spend their leisure time this way and find out, what leads them to the passivity in realization of their leisure time activities. What brings them this way of spending their leisure time and what is specific for the space of shopping mall, where they spend their leisure time. I want to understand spatial aspects of using in this micro-space of shopping mall and as well as I want to recognize the role of wider social context. I selected two shopping malls in Prague for my research: Centrum Chodov and Palác Flora. Questionnaire survey, participant observation and in-depth interviews were realized. These malls are not selected randomly, but on the basis of the field research, which preceded to...

"It is true that almost every school has some form of organized athletics, clubs, and other activities to aid in consuming some of the leisure hours and in developing desirable characteristics in their members. The field of education recognizes the basic human need for wholesome use of leisure time according to Nash. Modern education also affirms that individual differences in interests are enormous and vary tremendously from individual to individual within a group. With all these variations a great amount of grouping still takes place. It therefore stands to reason that there are certain factors which aid in determining how people spend their leisure time, and how people within a group are similar. Some of these factors are age, sex, intelligence, socio-economic status, and availability of opportunity to participate. This study will endeavor to investigate three factors, namely, sex, intelligence, and the change of participation during the various seasons of the year"--Introduction. / Typescript. / "August, 1959." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science." / Advisor: William J. Tait, Professor Directing Study. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 51-52).

Background: Participating in leisure activities is one positive aspect that promotes a sense of belonging and a social support network, which are beneficial for better health and well-being. Despite this, children with physical disabilities participate less in leisure activities, including children with Developmental Coordination Disorders (DCD). Given that children with DCD suffer from difficulties with bodily function, it is inevitable that they do not participate as much as typically developing children in the activity. However, there is limited literature about how this affects the everyday life of children with DCD. Aim: This systematic literature review aims to identify factors that affect the participation and self-perceptions of children with developmental coordination disorder in leisure activities. Method: A literature search was conducted by searching three different databases (CINHAL, MEDLINE, and ProQuest) which identified 83 peer-reviewed articles using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria from which ten was included in analysis. Results: Children with DCD participate less in leisure activities, becoming less physically active and social. They are also more excluded than typically developing children from certain leisure activities due to limitations related to their motor skills and have a negative view regarding their senses of self in relation to them not participating in leisure activities. Conclusion: Not participating in leisure activities harms children with DCD's sense of self and everyday life. Children with DCD are excluded from participating in leisure activities, and this exclusion takes place on different levels. Not participating in leisure activities results in social isolation and exclusion.

The purpose of our study is to get an overview of how the after-school teachers work to arouse children's interest in mathematics and how they further develop the children's mathematical knowledge. The study is examined with the help of the following questions: How do educators believe that students' interest in mathematics can be aroused through informal learning? How can the informants' ideas about informal learning in the after-school center be understood with the help of socio-cultural theories? We chose qualitative interviews as the method of our data collection in our study, in which three trained after-school center teachers were happy to participate. The empirical data that we collected has been analyzed through the socio-cultural theory. Furthermore, we chose to discuss our study with regard to previous research, which then consisted of nine researchers.  The results show that children through play and activities develop more than we think and that informal learning as a way to arouse interest and learning, is the basis for after-school teachers. Furthermore, the results show that the themes that we have analyzed can possiblyhave a positive impact on the business. Then, among other things, creativity and collaborationas strategies, collaboration with teachers and the environment are discussed. Similarly, theresults show that after-school teachers use the socio-cultural theories as an approach to arouse students' interest in mathematics / Syftet med vår studie är att få en överblick över hur fritidshemslärarna arbetar med att väcka barns intresse i matematik samt hur de vidareutvecklar barnens matematiska kunskaper. Studien undersöks med hjälp av följande frågeställningar: Hur anser pedagoger att man kan väcka elevers intresse i matematik genom informellt lärande? Hur kan informanternas föreställningar om det informella lärandet i fritidshemmet förstås med hjälp av sociokulturella teorier? Vi valde kvalitativa intervjuer som vår datasamlings metod i vår studie, där tre utbildade fritidshemslärare ställde upp i. Empirin som vi samlat har analyserat genom den sociokulturella teorin. Vidare valde vi diskutera vår studie med hänsyn till tidigare forskning. Resultatet visar att barn genom lek och aktiviteter utvecklas mer än vi tror och att informellt lärande som ett sätt att väcka intresse och lära, ligger till grund för fritidshemslärarna. Vidare visar resultatet att de teman som vi analyserat möjligtvis kan medföra positiv inverkan på verksamheten. Då bland annat kreativitet och samarbete som strategier, samverkan med lärare och miljö tas upp. Likaledes visar resultatet att fritidshemslärarna använder sig av de sociokulturella teorierna som tillvägagångssätt för att väcka elevernas intresse inom matematik.

People in cities have a need of recreation. Leisure activities are a big part of people’s health and well- being. Many leisure activities are practiced outside in the nature. Today many citizens do not own a car and public transportation fail to meet the peoples need to move out from the city center out into the wild nature. Public transportation run according to a certain timetable and an established route. They also come with restrictions of what you can bring on board. In other words, there is a need for agile transportation that transport people and their equipment from the city out to the nature; and the need will only increase as the urbanization continue. The whole idea of the project originated from the question, “How might future mobility adapt to fit people’s need for recreation?” The project started with a research. The author studied trends how cities will develop, what defines generation Z, how 6G can be used in the future transportation industry, how electrification changes the terms of car design, the current status of autonomous technology etc. The research also included Canoo, a car company that design, develop and build electric vehicles with focus on lifestyle, utility and sustainability. After completed research, the project moved into a creative phase which included analog sketches of the vehicle, testing of proportions in scale 1: 1 and a storyboard that describes how the vehicle can be used. When thecreative phase was done, the project moved to its final phase; visualization. A 3D model was constructed in Autodesk Maya, a polygonal modelling software, and rendered images of the 3D model was conducted with Autodesk VRED, a 3D visualization software. The project resulted in Canoo Link; Link, targeting year 2035, is an electric autonomous utility vehicle that you subscribe to. It can carry 4 passengers and has storage space to haul equipment and supplies for canoeing, mountain biking etc. With its robust design and high ground clearance it is ready to take on some tough terrain. The subscription offers the customer full disposal of the vehicle during the activities for convenience and security. It acts like a hub for your activities, not just as a vehicle for commuting. To summarize; Link is a design proposal of a vehicle that connect people living in cities to the nature. It is not just a car that takes you from one point to another, it is a lifestyle.

Syftet med denna studie är att öka kunskapen om samverkan mellan fritidshem i grundskolan och grundsärskolan. De frågeställningar som använts i studien är: Hur uppfattar fritidspersonalen samverkan mellan olika fritidsverksamheter? Samt vilka uppfattningar har fritidspersonalen kring möjligheter och utmaningar med samverkan mellan olika fritidsverksamheter? Den metod som studien baseras på är kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer. Sex fritidspersonal har intervjuats individuellt, tre av dessa är fritidspersonal som arbetar på grundskolans fritidshem och tre är fritidspersonal från grundsärskolans fritidshem. Studiens insamlade empiri har analyserats utifrån ett sociokulturellt perspektiv. Resultatet visar att erfarenheterna och upplevelserna från fritidspersonalen av samverkan mellan fritidshem i grundskolan och grundsärskolan är övervägande positiva. Resultatet visar även att det finns möjligheter i att grundskolan och grundsärskolan delar skolmiljö och kan mötas varje dag, och att mötet dem emellan skapar förståelse, acceptans och goda förebilder. Studiens resultat visar också att samverkan mellan fritidspersonal är av stort värde då kunskap och erfarenheter delas dem emellan. Resultatet visar även att det finns utmaningar i samverkan mellan fritidsverksamheter. En utmaning är att grundskolans elever kan vara rädda för grundsärskolans elever och att det till stor del bottnar i okunskap. En annan utmaning som fritidspersonalen lyfter fram är behovet av passande förutsättningar för att samverkan ska kunna komma till stånd. Exempel på nödvändiga förutsättningar är mindre barngrupper och tillgång till yta.

The thesis examines changes in sports participation in Czech society in last decades. Sports activities are conceptualized as a practice, routinized habit that is shared in a society's culture (Reckwitz 2002; Warde 2005). Bourdieu's (1984) also shows how different social positions generate different taste and preferences, which are simultaneously classified and base for symbolic borders between social classes. The empirical analysis focuses on sports participation during the last three decades and deeper understanding of differentiation and meanings of today's sports activity. The results clearly show profound increase in sports participation, from 25 % in 1984 to 67 % in 2009. The cohort analysis confirms that dynamics of sports practices' spread have roots in the socialization process and cohort exchange, because younger cohorts have a stable higher level of sports participation irrespective of their aging. Lasting impact of cultural capital on sports participation is particularly striking, especially in the light of the major change in society's regime in the 1989 and after. This brings attention to the question, how mechanisms of social inequalities - especially cultural capital - worked in a similar way across supposedly different social orders. Next chapter deals with patterns of participation in...