Cette thèse porte sur l'étude de la durée de vie de composants et modules de puissance dans des environnements thermiques sévères, lorsque les modules de puissance sont amenés à travailler à haute température ou sous des cycles de température de forte amplitude. Les domaines visés par cette étude concernent plus particulièrement des applications extrêmement contraignantes telles que les applications aéronautiques. Un module de puissance est un assemblage de plusieurs matériaux (semi-conducteurs, brasures, céramiques, conducteurs) présentant des propriétés mécaniques, notamment de coefficient de dilatation thermiques (CTE) différentes. Les pertes dans les puces actives et les variations de température ambiante (profils de mission) sont responsables de contraintes mécaniques liées aux différences de CTE entre les différents matériaux. Les modes de défaillance étant principalement d'origine mécanique, ces travaux ont été effectués entre le SATIE et le LMT (Institut Farman). L'étude mécanique a complété des travaux expérimentaux de caractérisation et de vieillissement accéléré de modules de puissance à semi-conducteur. Ces études ont nécessité la mise en place d'essais de vieillissement spécifiques, passifs (utilisation d'une étuve permettant de contraindre les assemblages de puissance sous des cycles thermiques de grande amplitude) et actifs (utilisation de régimes extrêmes de fonctionnement tels que le court-circuit pour accélérer le vieillissement de certaines parties de l'assemblage).La première partie de ce manuscrit présente les principes physiques mis en jeu. Nous présenterons succinctement les concepts de mécanique de la rupture ainsi que les couplages physiques.La deuxième partie porte sur la rupture de la céramique des substrats DCB. Cette rupture peut provenir de défauts répartis aléatoirement dans le matériau. Nous aborderons le problème par une approche statistique où nous introduirons la "Théorie du maillon faible". L'autre cause de rupture est la présence de défauts géométriques que l'on appelle singularité où il existe une concentration des contraintes nécessitant une approche déterministe. A cette occasion nous introduirons le facteur d'intensité des contraintes qui permet d'étudier les problèmes de rupture liés à des zones singulières.La dernière partie portera sur la dégradation de la métallisation du transistor. La recherche d'indicateurs de vieillissement a demandé la mise au point de différents bancs de caractérisation électrique pour la mesure fine de différentes grandeurs électriques (courants de fuite, tensions de seuil, chute de tension à l'état passant...) dans un environnement thermique contrôlé. De plus ces caractérisations électriques sont corrélées à des observations de la métallisation effectuées par un microscope électronique à balayage de manière régulière. Nous chercherons à montrer comment la modification de la morphologie de la métallisation peut modifier les caractéristiques électriques des transistors de puissance testés. / This PhD focuses on the study of the lifetime of components and power semiconductor modules under thermal constraints, when power devices are used at high temperature or under high temperature cycles. The areas covered by this study relate more particularly to extremely harsh applications such as aerospace constraints. A power device is an assembly of different materials (semiconductors, solders, ceramics, conductors) with mechanical properties, including coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). Losses in the die and ambient temperature variations (mission pro les) are responsible for strain constraints at material interfaces due to CTE mismatch between the different materials. Failure modes result for mechanical constraints so study was done in collaboration between LMT and SATIE laboratories (Farman Institute). The mechanical study completed experimental characterizations and accelerated aging of power semiconductor modules. These studies involved the development of specific aging tests allowing thermal cycles (thermal air streamer to force the power assemblies under thermal cycles of high amplitude) and active power cycles (use of hard working conditions such as short circuit for accelerating the aging of parts of the assembly).The first part of this manuscript presents the physical principles set in. We briefly introduce the concepts of fracture mechanics and the physical couplings.The second part focuses on the fractured DCB ceramic substrates. This failure can arise from defects randomly distributed in the material. We consider the problem using a statistical approach where we introduce the "weak link theory". The other cause of failure is the presence of geometrical defects called singularity where there is stress concentration requiring a deterministic approach. On this occasion we introduce the stress intensity factor which allows to study the failure problems associated with singular zone.The last part will focus on the aging of the transistor metallization. The search for indicators of aging has requested the development of several electrical characterization test benches for the precise measurement of different electrical parameters (leakage currents, threshold voltages, voltage drop in the on state ...) in a controlled thermal environment. Moreover, these electrical characterizations are correlated with observations at different aging states of the metallization degradation using a scanning electron microscope. We seek to show how the change in the morphology of the metallization can change the electrical characteristics of tested power transistors.

Dans le cadre du projet DISPATMO (étude de prévision des risques de pollution liés à la dispersion atmosphérique de produits chimiques), des études de risques liés aux incendies et explosions dus aux produits chimiques ont été menées. L’objectif de cette thèse était de réaliser une étude cinétique et mécanistique approfondie afin de déterminer la dégradation en phase gazeuse de l'un des principaux constituants du solvant Tiflex, acétate de 1-méthoxy-2-propyle (MPA), par les radicaux OH et les atomes de Cl. En outre, les constantes de vitesse de réaction de OH et Cl avec une série d' acétates d’alcoxyle largement utilisés dans l'industrie du revêtement et la peinture, l'acétate de méthoxy-2-butyle (2MBA), l'acétate de méthoxy-3-butyle (3MBA), l'acétate de méthoxy-éthyle (MEA), l'acétate d'éthoxy-éthyle (EEE) et l’acétate de n-pentyle (n-PA), ont été déterminées. Les expériences ont été conduites en utilisant la technique de photolyse laser pulsée couplée à la fluorescence induite par laser, un réacteur à écoulement à basse pression couplé à un spectromètre de masse et une chambre de simulation atmosphérique couplé à GC-FID, FTIR et GC-MS en utilisant les méthodes absolue et relative. Les données cinétiques ont été utilisées pour déterminer les expressions Arrhenius pour évaluer le devenir environnemental des composés étudiés tels que leur durée de vie et le potentiel de formation d'ozone. D'autre part, le mécanisme réactionnel a été étudié et les principaux produits de dégradation et leurs rendements ont été déterminés en présence de NO. Les spectres d’absorption UV-Vis de MPA, 2MBA et 3MBA ont également été déterminés afin d'évaluer le potentiel de photolyse de ces composés dans l’atmosphère. Les paramètres cinétiques et mécanistiques ainsi que les durées de vie troposphérique déterminés sont utilisés comme données d'entrée dans les modèles de simulation atmosphériques photochimiques et dans les modèles de dispersion atmosphérique de produits chimiques pour évaluer leur impact atmosphérique. / In the context of DISPATMO project (forecast study of pollution risks related to the atmospheric dispersal of chemicals), risk studies linked to the fires and the explosions due to chemical storage were conducted. The purpose of this thesis was to perform a thorough kinetic and mechanistic study to determine the gas phase degradation of one of the main component of Tiflex solvent, the 1-methoxy 2-propyl acetate (MPA). Furthermore, the rate coefficients of OH and Cl with a series of alkoxy acetates widely used in painting and coating industries, 2-methoxy-butyl acetate (2MBA), 3-methoxybutyl acetate (3MBA), methoxy ethyl acetate (MEA), ethoxy ethyl acetate (EEA) and n-pentyl acetate (n-PA), were determined. The experiments were performed employing the pulsed laser photolysislaser induced fluorescence technique, a low pressure flow tube reactor coupled with a quadrupole mass spectrometer and an atmospheric simulation chamber coupled with a GC-FID, a FTIR and a GC-MS using complementary absolute and relative rate methods. The kinetic data were used to derive the Arrhenius expressions as well as to evaluate the environmental fate of the studied compounds such as their lifetimes and the Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential. Besides, the reaction mechanism was investigated, while the major degradation products and their yields were determined in presence of NO. In addition, the UV-Vis absorption cross sections of MPA, 2MBA and 3MBA were measured in order to evaluate their potential photolysis in the atmosphere. The investigation of the chemical processes and the tropospheric lifetimes of the compounds are used as input data in photochemical atmospheric simulation models and in chemical agent atmospheric dispersion models to evaluate their atmospheric impact.

Na busca da área de marketing, pela métrica adequada para a empresa com a gestão centrada no cliente, o valor do cliente (customer equity) é a abordagem que tem despertado mais interesse por parte da academia e dos executivos – um campo promissor, que possibilita a ligação das ações de marketing com o valor da empresa. Sob essa perspectiva, os clientes são ativos da empresa com capacidade de gerar fluxos de caixa futuros. A avaliação do valor do cliente (customer equity) permite o acesso aos ativos intangíveis da empresa, além de propiciar uma gestão mais eficiente da área de marketing. Desta forma, esta dissertação testa a força da relação entre o valor do cliente e o valor de mercado da empresa, através da aplicação de dois modelos de valor do cliente (customer equity): o estático e dinâmico proposto por Gupta, Lehmann e Stuart (2004).Para tanto, foi conduzido um estudo longitudinal com dados secundários de empresas do setor de comunicação do mercado brasileiro. Como resultado, foi comprovado o forte poder de associação entre o valor do cliente (customer equity) e o valor de mercado da empresa. Outrossim, são analisadas as relações com os demais ativos da empresa e a capacidade de predição do valor do cliente (customer equity). Os resultados obtidos são discutidos, bem como as implicações gerenciais e recomendações para pesquisas futuras. / The search in the marketing field for an adequate metric for customer-centric companies, the customer equity is the approach that has brought the most interest by academics and executives. A promising field that makes possible links between marketing actions and the value of a company. Under this perspective, customers are company’s assets with the capability of generating future cash flows. The evaluation of customer equity not only permits access to intangibles assets of the company but also provides a more efficient way to manage a marketing area. This dissertation tests the strength of the relationship between customer equity and the market value of a company by applying two models to valuate customer equity: static and dynamic proposed by Gupta, Lehmann and Stuart (2004). For that, it was conducted a longitudinal study with secondary data from communication corporations in Brazil. The result showed a high correlation between customer equity and the market value of corporations. It was also analyzed the relationship with the other assets of the company and the capability of predicting the value of customer equity. The findings are being discussed as well as the managerial implications and recommendations for future research.

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:19:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 68070200653.pdf: 7431685 bytes, checksum: d221cf2637e5c32e8863ee80fcc97c71 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-17T00:00:00Z / The market for Brazilian home builders has undergone in recent years trough profound transformations. Changes in supplier-customer relationship has occurred in ways that will affect the suppliers profitability and future market position. This study aimed to evaluate the strategy of co-creation for expansion of the market segment for a Brazilian china and faucets producer. The adoption of this strategy aims to use the company’s intangible assets to increase the added value to their products; to know in detail the reality of the clients and to differentiate itself from competitors in a market with a tendency to commodity. The reassessment of existing strategy, uses as a starting point the core competence and the concepts of innovation and co-creation in order to increase the value perceived by potential customers. To evaluate the results of the strategic repositioning this study will use a non-financial indicator, the Customer Lifetime Value in order to measure the long term impacts. / O mercado brasileiro da construção civil tem sofrido profundas transformações nos últimos anos, principalmente na relação fornecedor-cliente, que afetam de maneira significativa a lucratividade e o posicionamento de mercado dos fabricantes de insumos. Por conseguinte, as empresas têm buscado novas formas de criar valores, voltadas para o seu capital humano. Considerando-se a necessidade de os funcionários anteciparem e compreenderem as novas demandas do mercado, o objetivo neste trabalho é estudar o processo de co-criação como geração de valor na empresa Deca, avaliando-se os seus efeitos estratégicos diante da nova realidade e, ainda, seu impacto na relação com o cliente. Com o processo de co-criação, a empresa visa a utilizar seus recursos intangíveis para agregar valor a seus produtos, conhecer com profundidade a realidade de seus clientes e diferenciar-se dos concorrentes em um mercado com tendência à comoditização. Além disso, visa a reavaliar as estratégias existentes, tendo em vista o seu reposicionamento com base em suas competências centrais de fabricante de louças e metais sanitários e em conceitos de inovação e co-criação, no intuito de aumentar o valor percebido por clientes potenciais e expandir sua fronteira de atuação atual. Na avaliação dos resultados dessa tentativa de reposicionamento estratégico, utiliza-se um indicador não financeiro, o Customer Lifetime Value, com o objetivo de mensurar os impactos no longo prazo.

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:55:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Rodrigo Romano Pretola.pdf.jpg: 16604 bytes, checksum: 6ef0b6f175820527a24abbb7cae3b0bf (MD5) Rodrigo Romano Pretola.pdf.txt: 298292 bytes, checksum: cbe3615aba3312d1c72056005ecee7d7 (MD5) Rodrigo Romano Pretola.pdf: 10183003 bytes, checksum: ec9ccb3d3762709a58a8d6fe0b4a82d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-03T00:00:00Z / Companies that operate in high technology environments marked by continuous metamorphosis in supplier-customer relationships are hostages of their marketing strategies in the search for profitable growth. In order to release themselves of this condition, they depend on the continued development of new skills. In this context, co-creating value with customers providing unique interaction experiences with the company becomes an imperative. This work deals with the application of a marketing strategy based on the concept of co-creating value by the company with the customer. Companies induce this process and customers become the central agent. This approach will be proposed and implemented in a company that works in the Brazilian telecommunication business. This company must transform the way it competes in the market as a consequence of its commoditized services, low income growth rate and the need to build relationships that encourage customer loyalty. Financial and non-financial results will be measured and compared to current practice in which customer centricity is unusual in the process of creating value. We will try to assess whether a new level of profitability can be achieved with this new approach. The metric to be used will be the Lifetime Customer Value (CLV / Empresas que atuam em ambientes de alta tecnologia marcados por metamorfoses contínuas na relação cliente-fornecedor ficam reféns de suas estratégias de marketing na busca do crescimento lucrativo. Para se libertarem dessa condição dependem do desenvolvimento perene de novas competências. O caminho que se abre nessa direção revela-se no imperativo de co-criar valor com os clientes provendo experiências únicas de interação com a empresa. Este trabalho visa a aplicação de uma estratégia de marketing baseada na co-criação de valor feita pela empresa com o cliente, o primeiro como indutor e este último, agente central do processo. Esta abordagem será sugerida e aplicada numa empresa que atua no setor brasileiro de telecomunicações, na qual se impõe transformar sua maneira de competir no mercado, dada a tendência de comoditização de seus serviços, estagnação no crescimento da receita e necessidade de construção de relacionamentos que favoreçam a fidelização dos seus clientes. Resultados financeiros e não financeiros serão mensurados e comparados com a prática vigente, num contexto onde a centralidade do cliente não é usual na criação de valor para os serviços prestados. Neste sentido buscaremos avaliar se um novo patamar de lucratividade e crescimento poderá ser obtido com esta nova abordagem. A métrica a ser utilizada será o Customer Lifetime Value (CLV ou valor do cliente ao longo do tempo).

Dans cette thèse, nous associons mesures expérimentales et modélisation des données pour étudier l'émission spontanée d'émetteurs fluorescents en environnement nano-structuré. Le mémoire est organisé en deux parties.Dans la première partie, nous étudions le transfert d'énergie entre émetteurs fluorescents en environnement plasmonique et sur des distances micrométriques. Pour commencer, nous caractérisons le transfert d'énergie entre deux ensembles d'émetteurs situés en champ proche d'une surface d'argent. Nous déterminons ainsi la dépendance en distance du taux de transfert d'énergie sur des distances micrométriques. Nous couplons ensuite une boite quantique et une bille fluorescente à un nano-fil d'argent et nous étudions le transfert d’énergie entre ces deux émetteurs, distants de plusieurs micromètres. Nous démontrons notamment le clignotement corrélé de ces deux émetteurs grâce à l'étude de la fonction de corrélation de leur intensité de fluorescence.Dans la seconde partie, nous sondons les variations spatiales de densité locale d'états électromagnétiques induites par des environnements nano-structurés grâce à différentes techniques de microscopie à super-résolution. A l'aide d'un microscope à balayage, nous réalisons tout d’abord une étude en trois dimensions de l’interaction de champ proche entre une bille fluorescente et différentes antennes en silicium. Nous introduisons ensuite une technique stochastique permettant de déterminer expérimentalement la position et le taux d'amortissement de molécules uniques photo-activées, avec une précision de localisation de l'ordre de 10 nm. Enfin, nous utilisons l'information de Fisher afin d'estimer les bornes inférieures de l'erreur type des estimations de positions et de taux d'amortissement réalisées dans le cadre de mesures sur molécules uniques. / In this thesis, we perform experimental measurements and data modelling to investigate spontaneous emission of fluorescent emitters in nanostructured environments. The manuscript is organised into two main parts.In the first part, we study micrometre-range energy transfer between fluorescent emitters in plasmonic environments. First of all, we characterise plasmon-mediated energy transfer between ensembles of fluorescent emitters located in the near field of a silver film. We thus determine the distance dependence of the energy transfer rate over micrometre distances. We then couple a single quantum dot and a fluorescent nanobead to a silver nanowire and we study evidences of the energy transfer between the two emitters, separated by several micrometres. We notably demonstrate a correlated blinking of the two emitters through the study of the correlation function of their fluorescence intensity.In the second part, we probe sub-wavelength spatial variations of the local density of electromagnetic states induced by nanostructured environments by means of different super-resolution microscopy techniques. To start with, we perform a three-dimensional study of the near-field interaction between a fluorescent nanobead and different silicon nanoantennas using a scanning-probe microscope. We then introduce a stochastic technique to experimentally determine the position and the fluorescence decay rate of single photo-activated molecules, with a localisation precision of the order of 10 nm. Finally, we use the Fisher information to estimate lower bounds on the standard errors on position and decay rate estimates performed in the context of single-molecule microscopy.

Esta dissertação tem por objetivo propor algoritmos para conservação de energia de uma rede de sensores sem fio (RSSF) aplicada ao monitoramento de um processo suave f(x , y, t), que depende das coordenadas x e y dos nós sensores, e do tempo t, de forma a aumentar a autonomia da rede. Os algoritmos rodam na camada de aplicação de cada nó, e visam a economia de energia dos nós através do gerenciamento da necessidade de transmissões. Após a primeira amostra transmitida, apenas amostras com uma variação percentual maior do que um dado limiar são transmitidas. Além disso, cada nó pode permanecer inativo (economizando energia) entre essas transmissões. Em RSSfs de salto único, são propostos dois algoritmos: um baseado na fonte, onde cada nó é responsável por todo o processamento e tomada de decisões, e outro baseado no sorvedouro, onde todo o processamento e a tomada de decisões são realizadas pelo sorvedouro. Além disso, uma extensão de algoritmo baseado na fonte é proposta, para RSSFs de múltiplos saltos. Através dos resultados obtidos, observa-se que os algoritmos conseguiram uma redução significativa da quantidade de transmissões, o que leva a um aumento do tempo de vida e o erro na reconstrução do processo é apresentada. Desta forma, pode-se conjugar a relação entre tempo de vida máximo e erro de reconstrução mínimo. / This paper aims to propose algorithms for energy conservation in a wireless sensor network (WSN) applied to monitoring a smooth process f (x, y, t), which depends on x and y coordinates of the sensor nodes, and the time t so as to increase the autonomy of the network. The algorithms run in the application layer of each node, and are designed to save energy of the nodes through the management of the need for transmissions. Furthermore, each node can remain idle (saving energy) between these transmissions. In single hop WSNs, we propose two algorithms: one based on the source, where each node is responsible for all processing and decision making, and another based on the sink, where all processing and decision making are performed by the sink. In addition, an algorithm based on the extent of power is proposed for multi-hop WSNs. From the results obtained, it is observed that the algorithms have achieved a significant reduction of the number of transmissions, which leads to an increase in the life time and the error in the reconstruction process is presented. In this way, one can combine the relationship between maximum life span and minimum reconstruction error.

Na busca da área de marketing, pela métrica adequada para a empresa com a gestão centrada no cliente, o valor do cliente (customer equity) é a abordagem que tem despertado mais interesse por parte da academia e dos executivos – um campo promissor, que possibilita a ligação das ações de marketing com o valor da empresa. Sob essa perspectiva, os clientes são ativos da empresa com capacidade de gerar fluxos de caixa futuros. A avaliação do valor do cliente (customer equity) permite o acesso aos ativos intangíveis da empresa, além de propiciar uma gestão mais eficiente da área de marketing. Desta forma, esta dissertação testa a força da relação entre o valor do cliente e o valor de mercado da empresa, através da aplicação de dois modelos de valor do cliente (customer equity): o estático e dinâmico proposto por Gupta, Lehmann e Stuart (2004).Para tanto, foi conduzido um estudo longitudinal com dados secundários de empresas do setor de comunicação do mercado brasileiro. Como resultado, foi comprovado o forte poder de associação entre o valor do cliente (customer equity) e o valor de mercado da empresa. Outrossim, são analisadas as relações com os demais ativos da empresa e a capacidade de predição do valor do cliente (customer equity). Os resultados obtidos são discutidos, bem como as implicações gerenciais e recomendações para pesquisas futuras. / The search in the marketing field for an adequate metric for customer-centric companies, the customer equity is the approach that has brought the most interest by academics and executives. A promising field that makes possible links between marketing actions and the value of a company. Under this perspective, customers are company’s assets with the capability of generating future cash flows. The evaluation of customer equity not only permits access to intangibles assets of the company but also provides a more efficient way to manage a marketing area. This dissertation tests the strength of the relationship between customer equity and the market value of a company by applying two models to valuate customer equity: static and dynamic proposed by Gupta, Lehmann and Stuart (2004). For that, it was conducted a longitudinal study with secondary data from communication corporations in Brazil. The result showed a high correlation between customer equity and the market value of corporations. It was also analyzed the relationship with the other assets of the company and the capability of predicting the value of customer equity. The findings are being discussed as well as the managerial implications and recommendations for future research.

Ce travail porte sur l'amélioration des performances en vieillissement de micro-écrans vidéo à matrice active en technologie OLED sur Silicium. La perte d'efficacité lumineuse et la dérive en tension induites par le vieillissement des OLED restent depuis plusieurs années un point faible inhérent à cette technologie et représente toujours un verrou dans la commercialisation des micro-écrans sur un marché encore jeune. Nous proposons ici une étude d'optimisation d'un empilement OLED blanc bi-émetteurs à émission vers le haut basée sur l'amélioration systématique des modes de défaillances reconnus des OLED et adaptée aux spécificités de réalisation de micro-écrans à très forte résolution. Des outils originaux tels que des structures simplifiées de types monocouche ou monoporteur seront utilisés pour comprendre et réduire ces différents mécanismes de dégradation. Du fait de la complexité des structures OLED actuelles, des structures simplifiées seront notamment développées et analysées dans le but d'accéder à la compréhension des phénomènes intrinsèques de dégradation opérant au sein des couches organiques, à leurs interfaces ou encore aux interfaces avec les électrodes. Une méthode de caractérisation électrique encore peu utilisée dans le cas des LED organiques, la spectroscopie d'impédance, sera également développée. Cette technique de caractérisation électrique très prometteuse et surtout non destructive permet à travers l'étude des comportements capacitifs des dispositifs l'accès à de nombreuses informations relatives à la dynamique des charges liées ou mobiles dans les zones de bulk ou interfaciales des matériaux. / The present study deals with active-matrix OLED microdisplays, based on a white top-emitting bi-emitters structure. The optimization of these devices lifetime is the main point of this manuscript. The luminous efficiency loss and the voltage drift induced while ageing of the device under constant current driving conditions are indeed key parameters. A first part consists in understanding the main degradation mechanisms known to operate in OLED devices. A focus on intrinsic mechanisms is here chosen to improve devices lifetime. Extrinsic mechanisms like encapsulation issues or other process optimization are not developed in this work. We propose here a systematic study on the influence of OLED structure parameters on initial but especially on aging performances. The optimization of anode electrical contact through plasma treatments and a thin oxide interlayer show very interesting results for reducing operating bias and voltage drift induced while aging under constant current. The enhancement of doping percentage in doped injection layers also show significant improvement on devices performances, with the great advantage of being a useful tool for controlling devices efficiency. We also find that an optimization of the emission layers thicknesses could lead to great lifetime improvement. Those results are also combined and confirmed by a Design Of Experiments meant to determine the influence of the main process parameters on devices performances. Finally, we initiate the characterization of our OLED devices using impedance spectroscopy measurements. From the modeling of single-layer structures to the understanding of simple bipolar devices through analysis of capacitive evolution of full-stack devices with time, we here show that this technic appears very useful for the understanding of charge carrier dynamic and could help reducing charge accumulation.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This work presents an optimization methodology for lighting systems that employ LED. Initially, this work brings a calculation methodology capable of obtaining a thermal resistance of heat sink from their dimensions of area, besides enable optimization of the system through reducing their volume by through of change in the number of finned, length and consequently the weight of heat sink. Subsequently, the thesis present a new optimization methodology that has the objective of find the optimal point of operation lighting system taking into consideration the parameters of application current in the device, luminous flux, junction temperature, thermal resistance heat sink, number of LED and lifetime. An example of project is shown, confirming the theory, where the obtained results through of routine calculation coincided with the values found in experimental. The work also present the development of electronic topologies to power a public lighting system employing LED. Therefore, a driver to power of LED based in the integrated two-flyback converters was proposed. One prototype this system was implemented, where the luminaire provide a power of 63W. The experimental results proved the project methodology through of system satisfactory operation, presenting power factor near unit, high efficiency and a low input current distortion was obtained. / Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia de otimização para sistemas de iluminação que empregam LEDs. Inicialmente, traz-se uma metodologia de cálculos capaz de obter a resistência térmica de dissipadores de calor a partir de suas dimensões de área, além de possibilitar a otimização do sistema através da redução do volume do mesmo por meio da variação do número de aletas, do comprimento e consequentemente da massa do dissipador. Posteriormente o trabalho apresenta uma nova metodologia de otimização que tem o objetivo de encontrar o ponto ótimo de operação do sistema de iluminação, levando-se em conta os parâmetros de corrente direta aplicada no dispositivo, fluxo luminoso, temperatura de junção, resistência térmica do dissipador, número de LEDs e vida útil dos mesmos. Um exemplo de projeto é demonstrado confirmando a teoria apresentada, onde os resultados obtidos através da rotina de cálculos coincidiram com os valores encontrados experimentalmente. O trabalho também apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma topologia eletrônica para alimentar um sistema de iluminação pública empregando LEDs. Dessa maneira, um driver para acionamento de LEDs baseado na integração de dois conversores flyback foi proposto. Um protótipo desse sistema foi implementado, onde a luminária apresenta uma potência de 63W. Resultados experimentais comprovam a metodologia de projeto através da operação satisfatória do sistema, apresentando fator de potência próximo ao unitário, elevada eficiência e o conteúdo harmônico da corrente de entrada do sistema de iluminação atendeu a norma.