Cette recherche s'intéresse à la possibilité d'établir des points de comparaison entre le prélinguistique et le linguistique dans la période des premiers mots. Le constat d'un flou régnant autour des notions de mot et de proto-mot nous a fait considérer différentes approches : historique, épistémologique et expérimentale. L'apport de l'approche historique est essentiel pour cerner la problématique et considérer la façon dont parler est envisagé par une société et une époque. Cettepartie nous permet de mettre en avant deux éléments : la question de l'émergence de la parole implique la notion de représentation sociale, et l'émergence de la parole, aujourd'hui, se situe durant la période des premiers mots. L'analyse de cette période nous conduit à une partie épistémologique permettant de définir le type d'unités caractéristiques de cette période : les proto-mots et les mots. Une fois nos unités identifiées, nous effectuons une analyse longitudinale de quatre enfants, de un an à deux ans. Nous avons d'abord identifié un phénomène de substitution des mots aux proto-mots. Ensuite, nous avons observé les deux éléments communs à ces productions : la prosodie et la phonologie. Il découle de notre analyse que la prosodie fournit un cadre commun assurant la transition entre les proto-mots et les mots, et que la phonologie est le domaine où s'observent les différences : les mots sont le lieu du développement des structures phonologiques complexes, contrairement aux proto-mots. Nous avons pu considérer que parler, c'était privilégier les motscomme support de communication verbale, par rapport aux proto-mots, et que cette particularité est l'objet du développement phonologique.

Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 58).

Eξέταση της χρήσης των λέξεων μῦθος, λόγος, ὅμοιος και ἐπιεικής στην Ποιητική του Αριστοτέλη. Παρουσίαση των τρόπων με τους οποίους ερμηνεύονται οι παραπάνω όροι και προσπάθεια επίλυσης των προβλημάτων που δημιουργεί η χρήση των όρων αυτών μέσα από τη διατύπωση σχετικών παρατηρήσεων. Μελέτη των σχέσεων μεταξύ των ουσιαστικών μῦθος και λόγος καθώς και προσπάθεια διευκρίνισης της σημασίας των επιθέτων ὅμοιος και ἐπιεικής στα κεφάλαια 2, 13 και 15 της Ποιητικής με βάση τη σύγκριση μεταξύ ζωγραφικής και ποίησης. / In the present study, we examine, to a greater or lesser extent, the terms mythos, logos, homoios and epieikēs as used in Aristotle’s Poetics. The aim of this short survey is primarily to present several interpretations of what Aristotle means by mythos, logos, homoios and epieikēs, proposed by some scholars, before attempting to solve the problems which the use of the aforementioned terms causes by making a few relevant remarks. Regarding the first two terms mentioned above, we inquire into the relationship between these terms as well as the relationship between the concepts which are signified by them, while, concerning the terms homoios and epieikēs, we mainly attempt to clarify the meaning of these particular adjectives in chapters 2, 13 and 15 of the Poetics, taking into account the comparison of poetry to painting, made in some interesting passages of the treatise. Our approach to the core of the problem is based, in any case, on the Aristotelian belief that, as regards the scientific thought, it is essential that one should perceive the similarities of things, which, however, differ much from each other.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:08:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeonardoM_Introducao_ate_Cap2_red.pdf: 1174384 bytes, checksum: a90a87be70908f6eab810fe10c3ae8fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-11-30 / In the current work are presented the results about the study of digital mapping of analogs referents the fluvial oil reservoirs in the A?u Formation. With the regional recognizing in the south corner of Potiguar Basin was selected a area of 150 Km square in the west of Assu city. In this area was chosen the outcrops for the digital mapping and from the data fields and remote sensors were done the depositional architectural for the fluvial deposits, which it was named coarse meandering fluvial systems. In the deposits were individualized 3 (three) fluvial cycles, which they was separated by bounding surface of fifth order. Such cycles are preferentially sandy, with fining-upward sequence finished in flood plain deposits. Inner of the sandy levels of the filling channels were characterized least cycles, normaly incomplete, constituted by braided sandy bodies and bounding surfaces of fourth order. In the mapped area was chosen a outcrop with great exposition, where it was possible to see tipical deposits of filling channel and was in this outcrop that was done the digital mapping. In this outcrop was used diverse technics and tools, which they integrated sedimentological, altimetric (GPS, Total Station), LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), digital photomosaic of high resolution and of the inner geometries (Ground Penetration Radar) data sets. For the integrating, interpretation and visualization of data was used software GoCAD?. The final product of the outcrop digital mapping was the photorealistic model of part of the cliff (or slope) because the observed reflectors in the radargrams were absents. A part of bar oblique accretion was modeled according to GPR gride of 200x200 meters in the alluvial Assu river probable recent analog. With the data of inner geometries was developed the three-dimentional sedimentary architectural, where it was possible characterize sand sheet deposits and many hierarchy of braided channels. At last, simulations of sedimentary geometries and architectures of the Potiguar Basin Fluvial Reservoirs were done with PetBool software, in order to understand the capacity of this program in simulations with a lot of numbers of conditioning wells. In total, 45 simulations was acquired, where the time and the channel numbers increase in relation of the conditioning wells quantity. The deformation of the meanders was detected from the change of simulated dominion dimensions. The presence of this problem was because the relationship between the simulated dominion and the width of the meander / Nesta disserta??o s?o apresentados os resultados referentes ao estudo de mapeamento digital de an?logos a reservat?rios petrol?feros fluviais da Forma??o A?u. Com base no reconhecimento regional na borda sul da Bacia Potiguar foi selecionada uma ?rea de 150 km2 a oeste da cidade de Assu onde foram escolhidos os afloramentos para o mapeamento digital. Nesta ?rea a partir de dados de campo e de sensores remotos foi montada a arquitetura deposicional para os dep?sitos fluviais, onde foi interpretado um sistema fluvial meandrante de granulometria grossa. Nos dep?sitos foram individualizados 3 ciclos fluviais, separados por superf?cies limitantes de 5a ordem. Tais ciclos s?o predominantemente arenosos, com granodecresc?ncia ascendente, culminando em dep?sitos de plan?cie de inunda??o. Internamente aos n?veis arenosos de preenchimento de canal foram caracterizados ciclos menores, normalmente incompletos, formados por corpos predominantemente arenosos, amalgamados e limitados por superf?cies de 4a ordem. Na ?rea mapeada foi escolhido um afloramento com grande exposi??o em corte, representado por t?picos dep?sitos de preenchimento de canal, onde foi realizado o mapeamento digital. Neste afloramento foram empregadas diferentes t?cnicas e ferramentas, integrando dados sedimentol?gicos, altim?tricos (Esta??o Total, GPS), LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), fotomosaicos digitais de alta resolu??o e de geometria interna (Ground Penetrating Radar). A integra??o, interpreta??o e visualiza??o dos dados foi realizada no programa GoCad?. Devido ? aus?ncia de refletores observada nos radargramas, o produto final no mapeamento digital do afloramento foi o modelo fotoreal?stico de parte da escarpa do afloramento. Foi modelado tamb?m parte de uma barra de acres??o obl?qua, segundo uma malha de GPR de 200x200 m no aluvi?o do Rio Assu, suposto an?logo recente. Com os dados da geometria interna foi montada a arquitetura sedimentar tridimensional, onde foram caracterizados um dep?sito em len?ol (sand sheet) e v?rias hierarquias de canais amalgamados. Por fim, foram realizadas simula??es da geometria e arquitetura sedimentar de um reservat?rio fluvial da Bacia Potiguar com o programa PetBool, com objetivo de avaliar o desempenho deste software em simula??es com grande n?mero de po?os condicionantes. Foram gerados no total 45 simula??es, o tempo gasto e o n?mero de canais gerados nestas aumentavam em fun??o da quantidade de po?os condicionantes. Foi detectada a deforma??o dos meandros a partir da mudan?a das dimens?es do dom?nio simulado, a ocorr?ncia deste problema foi devido ? rela??o direta entre o dom?nio simulado e o comprimento do meandro

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:08:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HugoCBBM_Pag_01_ate_39.pdf: 2186297 bytes, checksum: 50eee43ecd70d5922a46c8062df5dbe6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-12-08 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / It is presented an integrated geophysical investigation of the spatial distribution of faults and deformation bands (DB?s) in a faulted siliciclastic reservoir analogue, located in Tucano Basin, Bahia State, northeastern Brazil. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and permeability measurements allowed the analysis of the influence of DB?s in the rock permeability and porosity. GPR data were processed using a suitable flow parametrization in order to highlight discontinuities in sedimentary layers. The obtained images allowed the subsurface detection of DB?s presenting displacements greater that 10 cm. A good correlation was verified between DB?s detected by GPR and those observed in surface, the latter identified using conventional structural methods. After some adaptations in the minipermeameter in order to increase measurement precision, two approaches to measure permeabilities were tested: in situ and in collected cores. The former approach provided better results than the latter and consisted of scratching the outcrop surface, followed by direct measurements on outcrop rocks. The measured permeability profiles allowed to characterize the spatial transition from DB?s to undeformed rock; variation of up to three orders of magnitude were detected. The permeability profiles also presented quasi-periodic patterns, associated with textural and granulometric changes, possibly associated to depositional cycles. Integrated interpretation of the geological, geophysical and core data, provided the subsurface identification of an increase in the DB?s number associated with a sedimentary layer presenting granulometric decrease at depths greater than 8 m. An associated sharp decrease in permeability was also measured in cores from boreholes. The obtained results reveal that radagrams, besides providing high resolution images, allowing the detection of small structures (> 10 cm), also presented a correlation with the permeability data. In this way, GPR data may be used to build upscaling laws, bridging the gap between outcrop and seismic data sets, which may result in better models for faulted reservoirs / O presente trabalho apresenta a utiliza??o integrada de t?cnicas geof?sicas para investigar a distribui??o espacial de falhas e bandas de deforma??o (BD`s) em afloramentos an?logos de reservat?rios silicicl?sticos na Bacia do Tucano no Estado da Bahia, nordeste do Brasil. Foram utilizadas as ferramentas geof?sicas de Radar Penetrante no Solo (GPR) e miniperme?metro, em estudos integrados com a geologia estrutural, com o intuito de analisar o impacto causado pelas BD?s nas condi??es permo-porosas da rocha. Os dados de GPR foram processados utilizando uma parametriza??o adequada para real?ar descontinuidades nas camadas sedimentares. Esta parametriza??o possibilitou a detec??o, em subsuperf?cie, das BD s que apresentam rejeitos maiores que 10 cm. Uma boa correla??o foi verificada entre as BD?s detectadas pelo GPR e BD?s identificadas em superf?cie usando fotos a?reas de pequeno formato e mapas estruturais de detalhe da ?rea investigada. Ap?s adapta??es no miniperme?metro, que possibilitaram melhor precis?o nas medidas, foram testadas duas metodologias de medi??o de permeabilidade: in situ e em amostras ou testemunhos. A metodologia que forneceu melhor resultado foi a primeira, que consiste de raspagem do afloramento seguida da medi??o nos locais raspados. Os perfis de permeabilidade obtidos permitiram caracterizar a transi??o entre BD?s e rocha s?; varia??es de at? tr?s ordens de grandeza foram verificadas. Tamb?m foram identificados nos perfis de permeabilidade padr?es aproximadamente peri?dicos, associados com diminui??es granulom?tricas e texturais em algumas f?cies sedimentares, possivelmente ligados a ciclos deposicionais. A interpreta??o conjunta dos dados geol?gicos, geof?sicos e de po?os rasos, proporcionou a identifica??o, em subsuperf?cie, de um aumento do n?mero de BD`s e uma diminui??o granulom?trica, a partir de 8 m de profundidade. Esta mudan?a est? associada com uma brusca diminui??o da permeabilidade a partir desta profundidade, que foi confirmada em medi??es realizadas em testemunhos extra?dos de po?os. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as se??es de GPR, al?m de proporcionarem imagens de alta resolu??o, detectando estruturas decacentim?tricas, tamb?m apresentaram correla??o com os dados de permeabilidade. Potencialmente, o GPR pode ser usado na composi??o de leis de escala, servindo de liga??o entre dados de afloramento e dados s?smicos convencionais, auxiliando no entendimento do impacto de falhas, fraturas e BD`s nas condi??es permo-porosas de um reservat?rio de petr?leo

This study investigates how non-profit organizations market their organizations and persuades their audience on two different social media platforms. The aim is to examine four non-profit organizations’ use of persuasive language in their Facebook and Twitter posts.  in their Facebook and Twitter posts on their social media pages. The aim is to understand if, how and what linguistic means was are used in the posts through Aristotle’s triangle of rhetoric. His theory consists of the three appeals: ethos, logos and pathos. These three appeals all holds a number of individual features.  with a perspective from classic rhetoric, namely Aristotle’s triangle of rhetoric. The persuasion was examined using Aristotle’s triangle of rhetoric and its appeals ethos, logos, and pathos. The research was carried out by classifying the posts by the three appeals and their features. These defined what linguistic means were used and how. All three appeals are equally important when persuading an audience  public through a text as they are necessary to raise an understanding and interest to the text’s focus. Aristotle argued that when including all three appeals, the text has reached its full extent potential of persuasion. The appeals have their unique attributes and may also persuade when used individually. The An author’s credibility and trust applies to the appeal ethos, logic and reasoning in a of the text applies to logos, and a text that moves its reader’s emotions applies to pathos. The research resulted that aWhether a text’s length matters for its persuasion through a comparison of  the two social media platformshas also been examined through comparing the two social media platformsw. Non-profit organizations do not strive for any profit which make it a challenge for them how to market persuade their organization audience in order and actually be able to be able to continue their work. Many of the posts researched included the appeal pathos which aim mainly to evoke emotions with the readers.

The motif of “the Prophet like Moses” plays an important role in John’s Gospel. This motif is from the promise of God about the eschatological Prophet who will disclose God’s will to the people in Dt 18:15, 18. The background of this motif is basically to be found in Dt 18:15, 18. The promise of God about this Prophet has a deep relationship with the Word of God. The reason, firstly, is that Dt 18:15, 18 indicates it. Secondly, the definition of a prophet is not a miracle worker or a soothsayer, but the deliverer of the Word of God. It is also used in the OT. Various people (Elijah, Jeremiah, Isaiah and Ezekiel) used the prophetic fomula of Dt 18:15, 18. The next step to study this motif is to find allustions to Dt 18:15, 18 in John’s Gospel. It can be divided into two groups. The one group is concerned with the word “prophet” that might presume “the Prophet like Moses” (Jn 1:21, 25, 45, 5:46, 6:14, 7:40, and 52). The other is concerned with the prophetic formula that was related to the Word of God (Jn 3:34, 5:19, 30, 8:26, 28, 40, 12:49, 14:10, 31, 16:13, 17:8, and 17:14). These allusions indicate that this motif is related to several Christological titles (the Christ, the Logos, the Son of God). The Christ was used in juxtaposition with the Prophet in John’s Gospel. The concept of the Christ is joined to the concept of the Prophet. In the case of the Logos, Jesus is the perfect “Prophet like Moses”, because he is a deliverer of the Word of God as well as the Word of God himself. In the case of the Son of God, Jesus knows the Father face to face like Moses, but perfectly, because the Son and the Father is one in John’s Gospel. John uses the motif of “the Prophet like Moses” in Dt 18:15, 18 as the connecting link between the Christological titles. The reason is firstly that it is the Prophet promised by God. Secondly, in the history of redemption, many people expected this Prophet. Lastly in Jesus’ era, this Prophet was considered to be the eschatological figure who would clarify the Son’s coming into the world as the Word of God. / Dissertation (MTh)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / New Testament Studies / unrestricted

Denna studie undersöker reklamfilmer producerade av två svenska spelföretag, ett statligt ägt och ett privat. Med grunder i en retorisk analys syftar studien till att undersöka ifall dessa reklamfilmer kan anses vara måttfulla sett till spellagen som stiftades 2018. För att besvara studiens syfte ställs följande tre frågeställningar: Följer Svenska spel och Leo Vegas spellagen sett från ett retoriskt perspektiv? Förekommer det gränsöverskridande retorik i företagens reklamfilmer? Kan man se någon skillnad i hur statligt ägda företag respektive privata företag anpassar sig till spellagen? Slutsatsen av studien visar att Svenska spel följer spellagen sett från ett retoriskt perspektiv medan Leo Vegas inte gör det. Resultatet visar att det förekommer gränsöverskridande retorik i företagens reklamfilmer och att det statligt ägda företaget har anpassat sig bättre till spellagen än vad det privata gjort. Studien visar dock att en mer omfattande undersökning krävs för att få fram resultat som är mindre generaliserande. Studien visar även att undersökningen blir viktig för fortsatta studier, då den väcker frågor om vad som kan anses vara måttfullt inom marknadsföring samt huruvida retoriska aspekter ska övervägas i spellagen.

The aim of this research is to explore the association between brand personality traits and sonic logos. The brand personality traits that are incorporated into this research are Responsibility, Activity, Aggressiveness, Simplicity and Emotionality. These traits constitute one of the two building blocks for this research. The other building block consists of the sonic logo, but more specifically, variations in mode and tempo. Because the research was exploratory in nature, a qualitative research strategy was deemed appropriate. Additionally, in order to explore the association between the two building blocks, one sonic logo was created in four versions where the mode and tempo shifted in different combinations. Semi-structured interviews were then conducted where the sonic logos were played. To find associations and patterns in the empirical material, coding inspired from grounded theory were used. To conclude, the first sonic logo version shows associations to the Activity and Emotionality dimensions. The second sonic logo version shows associations to the Responsibility, Aggressiveness and Activity dimensions. The third sonic logo version shows associations to the Activity, Simplicity and Emotionality dimensions. Lastly, the fourth sonic logo version shows associations to the Responsibility, Aggressiveness and Emotionality dimensions.

El tema de estudio que motiva la presente investigación es una de las maneras de entender cómo la Unidad se expresa a sí misma: el logos como imagen que manifiesta el principio, el Uno, y su función como hilo conductor hacia él. El término ‘logos’ puede ser traducido como ‘palabra’ —que evoca la noción de ‘expresión’—, pero ‘logos’ comporta una multiplicidad de sentidos y de formas de manifestación del principio. De manera que a través de las Enéadas no encontramos un logos sino muchos logoi que sucesivamente expresan a modo de imágenes el principio y los principios que de él se derivan. La tesis central de la presente investigación es, por tanto, que el logos es imagen. Para demostrarla, el texto aborda diversos aspectos del concepto ‘logos’ en el pensamiento de Plotino, que lo definen como hilo conductor para entenderlo y que pueden ser resumidos en su función como imagen que manifiesta y distiende en un nivel posterior aquello que en un nivel anterior comporta mayor unidad. El desarrollo de esta tesis toma la forma de dos vías complementarias, cada una de las cuales corresponde a un capítulo del texto. En líneas generales, la primera vía de demostración me conduce a describir cómo los logoi o las palabras que enunciamos son un reflejo de los logoi u órdenes presentes en nuestra alma; a saber, el razonamiento discursivo o dianoia y las imágenes del mundo de las Ideas que él emplea para sus procesos. Esta primera vía muestra también cómo esos logoi enunciados nos permiten remontar aquellos niveles de nuestra interioridad de los cuales son imagen para alcanzar el ámbito de la trascendencia. La segunda vía recurre a la explicación plotiniana del mito de la sucesión de Urano, Cronos y Zeús —que toma de la Teogonía de Hesíodo— para mostrar cómo el Uno se manifiesta en una serie de logoi, el último de los cuales es el mundo sensible. Cada una de estas vías de investigación ha sido orientada por un pasaje específico de las Enéadas como veremos a continuación.