Submitted by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2015-10-21T20:25:41Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vera Kran Gomes Miranda - 2015.pdf: 2584968 bytes, checksum: 00428f1d7e55c8ecf5021f91f45da829 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-10-22T12:34:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vera Kran Gomes Miranda - 2015.pdf: 2584968 bytes, checksum: 00428f1d7e55c8ecf5021f91f45da829 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-22T12:34:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vera Kran Gomes Miranda - 2015.pdf: 2584968 bytes, checksum: 00428f1d7e55c8ecf5021f91f45da829 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-04 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / This dissertation is the result of a collaborative teacher training project developed with primary and elementary educators who work at Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Rialma, in Goiás. In an inclusive dialectical perspective, this actionresearch highlights the learning process of students with special educational needs. It is divided in four chapters in which all the theoretical and practical aspects are enlaced and completed by one another. The first chapter describes all methodological paths, which began with an Opening Seminar and ended with an Empirical Study. The second chapter deals with the organization of the collaborative study group, which was formed by six (6) educators who agreed to participate. In the third chapter the conclusions of the studies are described, and show how they guided a new way of planning lessons which is based on the tenets of the historical-critical pedagogy and the historical-cultural theory (LEONTIEV, A.N. 2004, 2012, 2012a; SAVIANI, D. 1991, 2012; VIGOTSKII, L. S. 1994, 2001, 2012). The fourth and last chapter concludes the research with the description and the analysis of the empirical study developed in the classroom of one of the teachers/participants of the Primeiro Ano 1 (First Degree 1). All the work aimed at explaining how, in each phase of the research, the teachers assimilated the critical theories of education, untied their practices from some old concepts and created lesson plans that, through practice founded theoretically, served as base for the organization, application and reelaboration of literacy activities. Mediated by the teachers, in an inclusive dialectical process, collaborative tasks were developed in small groups of students, thus creating a positive interdependent teaching and learning process among the less and the more experienced peers. / Esta dissertação é o resultado de um projeto de formação colaborativa desenvolvido com professores de educação infantil e de primeira fase da educação básica ligados à Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Rialma (SME), em Goiás. Em uma perspectiva dialética inclusiva, esta pesquisa-ação se preocupa com a aprendizagem de alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais. Está dividida em quatro capítulos, em que os aspectos teóricos e empíricos estão entrelaçados e se completam. O primeiro capítulo descreve todo o percurso metodológico, desde o Seminário de Abertura até a finalização do Estudo Empírico. O segundo capítulo trata da constituição do grupo de estudos colaborativos formado por seis (6) educadoras que se dispuseram a participar. No terceiro capítulo estão descritas as conclusões dos estudos que nortearam uma nova forma de planejar as aulas, baseada nos pressupostos da pedagogia histórico-crítica e teoria histórico-cultural (LEONTIEV, A.N. 2004, 2012, 2012a; SAVIANI, D. 1991, 2012; VIGOTSKII, L. S. 1994, 2001, 2012). O quarto e último capítulo conclui a pesquisa, com a descrição e a análise do estudo empírico realizado na sala de aula de uma das professoras/participantes do Primeiro Ano 1. Todo trabalho se desenvolveu na tentativa de explicar como, em cada etapa, as professoras assimilaram as teorias críticas de educação, desfizeram-se de alguns conceitos antigos e criaram planos de aulas que, por meio da prática fundamentada teoricamente, serviu de base para a organização, a aplicação e a reelaboração de atividades de letramento. Mediados pela professora, em um processo dialético de inclusão, foram desenvolvidos trabalhos colaborativos nos pequenos grupos de alunos, criando uma interdependência positiva de ensino e aprendizagem entre os pares menos e mais experientes.

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo contribuir para a formulação de uma crítica da tecnologia jurídica dos direitos sociais. Sobejam na doutrina jurídica e na teoria social manifestações que apontam a função ideológica de tais direitos e os interesses de classe por trás de sua instituição. Esta contribuição, ao contrário, caminha no sentido de formular a crítica dos direitos sociais na perspectiva da forma jurídica por isso crítica da tecnologia na esteira das obras de Pasukanis e Edelman. Para atingir este objetivo, o trabalho reconstrói a epistemologia materialista histórico-dialética, extraindo-a da própria totalidade social que constitui seu objeto, e demonstra porque somente uma crítica da tecnologia jurídica pode constituir o modo adequado de fazer ciência do direito. A partir daí, o trabalho reconstrói a crítica da tecnologia jurídica de Pasukanis e Edelman como fundamento para seu ponto culminante: demonstrar como os direitos sociais se adequam ao princípio da equivalência inerente à troca mercantil e, portanto, não constituem uma alternativa viável para a superação do modo de produção capitalista. Por fim, embora consciente de que a via da transição ao comunismo não pode ser jurídica, o trabalho aponta uma alternativa para que os direitos sociais sejam aliados na luta política pela superação do modo de produção capitalista: sua universalização absoluta, única forma possível de romper com a lógica de equivalência que preside a constituição da forma jurídica. / This work intends to contribute to the formulation of a critique of social rights juridical technology. There is plenty of works in jurisprudence and social theory pointing the ideological function of social rights and the class interest behind its institution. This work, instead, intends to formulate the critique of social rights under the perspective of juridical form therefore a critique of technology following the works of Pasukanis and Edelman. To achieve this goal, this work reconstructs the historical-dialectical materialist epistemology, extracting it from the own social totality that is its object, and demonstrates why the proper mode of doing law science is criticize the juridical technology. From this point, this work reconstructs Pasukanis and Edelmans critique of juridical technology as the basis for its climax: to demonstrate how social rights accommodate to the equivalence principle that is inherent to the commercial exchange and, therefore, to demonstrate why social rights are not a viable alternative to overwhelm capitalist mode of production. In the end, although knowing that the transition way to comunism cannot be juridical, this work points to an alternative for social rights being allies of the political struggle for the overwhelming of capitalist mode of production: its absolute universalization, the only possible way to break with the equivalence logic that guide the constitution of juridical form.

O materialismo cultural é uma abordagem metodológica contemporânea em Teoria Cultural. Trata-se de \"uma teoria das especificidades da produção material de cultura e literatura dentro do materialismo histórico\", conforme define Raymond Williams (1921-1988), um dos principais nomes ligados a essa perspectiva. Fundador da tradição britânica dos estudos culturais, Williams concebe a cultura, na contramão da crítica literária tradicional - de base romântico-idealista -, como produção material da sociedade. O trabalho expõe o sistema de axiomas e categorias do materialismo cultural e investiga as conexões intelectuais e políticas entre o materialismo cultural e a tradição marxista, por meio de um diálogo envolvendo o marxismo clássico e as obras de Gramsci e Raymond Williams. Argumenta-se que o materialismo cultural contribuiu para o avanço da concepção materialista histórica no campo da cultura, permitindo uma ampliação de horizontes e o enfrentamento dos notáveis dilemas que o marxismo sofreu ao abordar problemas da comunicação e da cultura. Mostra-se de que maneira o materialismo cultural pode servir de referência conceitual para as lutas políticas contemporâneas pela democratização da comunicação e da cultura. / Cultural Materialism is a methodological approach in contemporary cultural theory. It is \"a theory of the specificities of material cultural and literary production within historical materialism\", as defined by Raymond Williams (1921-1988), a leading figure associated with this perspective. Founder of the British tradition of cultural studies, Williams conceived culture not from traditional, romantic/idealist viewpoint of established literary criticism, but as being the material product of society. The work investigates the intellectual and political connections between Cultural Materialism and the Marxist tradition, through a dialogue involving classical Marxism and the works of Gramsci and Raymond Williams. The author argues that Cultural Materialism has contributed to an advance in the historical-materialist conception of culture, helping to expand its horizons and to overcome the difficulties that Marxism previously faced when addressing problems of communication and culture. The author also shows how Cultural Materialism can serve as a conceptual reference in contemporary political struggles for the democratisation of communication and culture.

Esta dissertação buscou analisar a geografia hartshorniana a partir do horizonte social em que foi forjada, os Estados Unidos da América do final do século XIX e início do século XX. Partindo das fontes bibliográficas originais referentes à questão, mostramos como os debates sobre epistemologia, na historiografia corrente da disciplina, desconsideraram questões cruciais para o entendimento da obra do autor, fruto de uma falta de aprofundamento do debate teórico associada à luta política entre os grupos que disputavam a vanguarda da disciplina a partir dos anos 1950. Pelas mãos dos manuais e de uma historiografia que continua a narrar uma história etapista com fases que se sucedem e avançam umas sobre as outras aproximando cada vez mais a geografia da cientificidade, os equívocos se perpetuaram e fazem parte do senso comum da disciplina ainda no presente. Entre as conclusões do trabalho, está a de que até hoje, em termos de análise da obra de Richard Hartshorne, as leituras são ou incompletas ou completamente equivocadas. / This work aimed to analyze the hartshorniana geography from the social horizon in which it was forged, the United States of America late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Starting from the original bibliographic sources relating to the issue, we show how the debates on epistemology, in the current historiography of discipline, disregarded crucial issues for the understanding of the author\'s work, the result of a lack of deepening the theoretical debate associated with political struggle between groups disputed the forefront of the discipline from the 1950s. By the hands of manuals and by a historiography that continues to narrate a stageist history with phases that succeed and advance on each other more and more approaching the geography of scientific, misconceptions are perpetuated and are part of the common sense of discipline even in the present . Among the conclusions of the paper, it is that, up to now, in terms of analysis of the work of Richard Hartshorne, the readings are either incomplete or completely misleading.

Orientador: Jesus José Ranieri / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T19:32:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Matias_IraldoAlbertoAlves_D.pdf: 2291723 bytes, checksum: 06c888c8f46067e4b5ba863e2ebd1e7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: A presente tese busca analisar a natureza contraditória da atividade criativa aplicada à produção material humana, conhecida como design industrial. Surgido da divisão social do trabalho, que separou e hierarquizou os processos de concepção/gestão e execução, o design tem acompanhado as próprias transformações do atual modo de produção, principalmente a chamada reestruturação produtiva. Ligado historicamente à produção industrial capitalista, em determinados momentos da história do design surgem "fissuras emancipatórias" que, em última instância, não conseguem romper com a lógica contraditória da mercadoria, tampouco com a rigidez tecnocrático-gestorial da organização capitalista do processo de produção/circulação. Portanto, ao contrário do que afirmam determinadas concepções teóricas, o design nem sempre foi um instrumento de reprodução do capital, como se verificou no estudo de uma série de experiências históricas aqui apresentadas. No entanto, notou-se também um total descaso da teoria do design com estes aspectos, ao negligenciar os pontos de contato entre projeto e socialismo/comunismo. A hipótese é que estas contradições se assentem sobre a ligação estrutural que o design tem com a forma mercadoria, expressando as contradições entre valor de uso e valor (de troca), no processo de produção e reprodução do capital. Mais do que isso, a análise realizada também demonstrou que o design vem se tornando uma atividade eminentemente gestorial. Portanto, a teoria do design, objeto de investigação deste trabalho, na medida em que expressa aspectos das relações sociais de produção capitalistas, será confrontada com a crítica à Economia Política de Marx e com a teoria dos gestores de João Bernardo. Serão abordados aspectos históricos do design a partir dos conflitos sociais; as relações entre produção, circulação, consumo e necessidades humanas; assim como o problema do fetichismo da mercadoria. Na relação do design com o trabalho abstrato, a atividade de concepção aparece na forma de uma criatividade estranhada, quando posta exclusivamente a serviço da acumulação de capital. A análise da "virada gestorial" no design vai demonstrar como esta área vem se tornando cada vez mais apenas um instrumento "estratégico" de concorrência capitalista, de dominação de classe, engendrando uma série de "novos fetichismos". Este trabalho encerra com uma reflexão sobre as possibilidades históricas para o campo do projeto, numa possível transição para o comunismo. Pretende-se, assim, contribuir com o desenvolvimento de uma teoria do design crítica / Abstract: This thesis aims to analyze the contradictory nature of creative activity as applied to human material production, or what is known as Industrial Design. Having emerged from the social division of labor, which separated and hierarchized the processes of conception/management and execution, Design has been paralleling the changes in the current mode of production, particularly that known as productive restructuring. At certain points in the history of Design - a history linked to capitalist industrial production - there appeared some "emancipatory fissures" which ultimately could not break the contradictory logic of the commodity, nor the technocratic-managerial rigidity of the capitalist organization of production/circulation. Therefore, contrary to what some theoretical conceptions suggest, Design has not always been an instrument of capital reproduction, as the historical experiences reported in this study show. However, a total disregard for these issues was also noted in Design theory in the form of a neglect of any points of contact between project and socialism/communism. The hypothesis is that these contradictions rest on the structural link between Design and the commodity form, expressing the contradictions between use value and (exchange) value in the processes of production and reproduction of capital. In addition, the analysis shows that Design is becoming a predominantly managerial activity. Insofar as it expresses aspects of the capitalist social relations of production, Design theory, the object of this study, is confronted with the critique of Marx¿s political economy and João Bernardo¿s "theory of managers". Issues addressed include historical aspects of Design from the stance of social conflicts; the relations between production, circulation, consumption and human needs; and the problem of commodity fetishism. In the relationship between Design and abstract work, the activity of conception appears in the form of estranged creativity when put exclusively to the service of capital accumulation. Analysis of the "managerial turn" in Design shows that the area is increasingly becoming more of a mere "strategic" instrument of capitalist competition and class domination, engendering a series of "new fetishisms". This thesis ends with a reflection on the historical possibilities for the field of Project in a possible transition into communism. It is hoped that this work will contribute to the development of a critical theory of Design / Doutorado / Sociologia / Doutor em Sociologia

There are experiential products that through a digital transformation wholly or partially have taken new place in our everyday lives. Just a few years ago, we had music on CDs, movies on tape and books in bookshelves. In Sweden, we are now facing a transformation when the e-book begins to take place alongside the printed book. This paper focuses on what values play a role in the attitude towards ebooks among a selected group of Swedish book bloggers. A qualitative content analysis was performed on blog posts concerning the ebook from twelve different Swedish book blogs. The posts were then coded into categories and values. We found five broad categories in which value was displayed; Ownership, Availability, Price, Ergonomics and Environment. These could in turn be linked to two basic ways to give value to ebooks and reading, through its Utilitarian and Experiential value. The findings suggest that Availability was the one most important to the bloggers.  We also found that most posts took place within two discourses - Technology Dissatisfaction and Technology Fear. Technology Dissatisfaction was more frequent and strongly linked to the construction of the e-book and the technical systems that are available today.

In a recent article Ulrich Brand has discussed how best to perform policy analysis. I reflect upon the paper as an interdisciplinary researcher experienced in public policy problems and their analysis with a particular interest in the relationship between social, economic and environmental problems. At the centre of the paper is the contrast between two existing methodologies prevalent in political science and related disciplines. One is the rationalist approach, which takes on the character of a natural science, that believes in a fully knowable objective reality which can be observed by an independent investigator. The other is a strong social constructivist position called interpretative policy analysis (IPA), where knowledge and meaning become so intertwined as to make independence of the observer from the observed impossible and all knowledge highly subjective. Brand then offers his model as a way forward, but one that he closely associates with the latter. My contention is that policy analysis, and any way forward, needs to provide more of a transformative combination of elements from both approaches. Indeed I believe this is actually what Brand is doing.

La notion d’animalité est au cœur des préoccupations du siècle des Lumières comme de l’œuvre de Sade, qui la place au centre de son entreprise de déstabilisation des valeurs et de son système scandaleux. Avec lui, l’animal apparaît pour ce qu’il est véritablement au plan philosophique : un merveilleux dynamiteur de certitudes propre à ébranler tous les systèmes trop rigides ; une bombe à retardement éthique susceptible de ruiner toute morale et d’autoriser tous les crimes ; un dangereux laboratoire intellectuel où se théorise et s’expérimente toute grande déshumanisation à venir. Héritier du matérialisme philosophique de son temps, Sade refuse en effet de voir en l’Homme autre chose qu’un banal agencement d’atomes, qu’une très ingénieuse mécanique, et fait ainsi de lui un simple animal parmi d’autres ; mais, à la différence de ses maîtres à penser, lui entend bien tirer toutes les conséquences morales d’une telle destitution métaphysique. Greffant à cette rentrée dans le rang ontologique toute l’infamie de l’ancienne conception de l’animal, qui voyait en ce dernier sur le plan moral un inquiétant concentré de tous les vices et de toutes les licences, l’écrivain en vient à proposer la synthèse aberrante des aspirations et des craintes de son époque. Prenant la posture d’un Rousseau gagné au crime, il imagine une entreprise de renaturation pour le pire de l’espèce humaine, où l’Homme vient se faire loup pour l’Homme avec l’appui de la logique et la bénédiction de la raison. Programme de retour résolu à l’animalité qu’il ne parvient toutefois pas toujours à tenir, l’animal se révélant pour lui aussi un terrain philosophique piégeux. / Animality is one of the most topical questions for the thinkers of the Enlightenment. The nature of the soul and the criterion of men’s specificity, the origin of knowledge and the functioning of the body, the classification of species and the animal’s rights are all at the heart of debates and reflections of the time. And so they are in the marquis de Sade’s works, whose ambition to destabilize the humanistic values finds with this question a very convenient philosophical instrument. With Sade, the animal appears in fact what he is as far as philosophy is concerned: a powerful weapon for skeptical thinkers, a metaphysical bomb able to blow away all ethics, an operative concept to work out the next enslavements to come. Inspired by the French materialist thinkers, Sade considers Man as an animal amongst others and views human beings as mere assembling of atoms and efficient machineries; but contrary to them, he tries to draw the conclusions of such a statement and tends to make him a brute. Playing the part of some sort of criminal Rousseau eager to push mankind into violence and depravation, he rationally advocates a frightening return to the most primitive bestiality and calls for a general step back to the times when Man was still a wolf for Man. A program that however he isn’t always able to stick to, animal turning out to be a very tricky philosophical ground even for him.

Environmental degradation and the possibility of natural resource reserve depletion, issues identified as a result economic and productive forces, have caused the rise and strengthening of pro-environmental movements. The environmentally conscious consumer, engaged to these movements, expresses concern in their environmental attitudes and hence in their buying behavior. The individual begins to search for products they believe cause less impact to the environment and value those whose inputs and processes come from environmentally responsible companies. The new consumption patterns become a central theme in a large number of researches that seek to explain and investigate the major changes in consumer behavior. The perception that the adoption of strategies aimed at these consumers is effective, leading to an increase in the number of false promises, which then lead consumers to be influenced by cynicism, questioning the legitimacy of the environmental problem. Still, social and cultural pressure for higher levels of consumption implies lower adoption of environmentally conscious behaviors, influencing the level of consumer materialism. The present study aims to investigate the impact of different variables on the adoption of environmentally conscious consumer behavior. Therefore, the adoption of this behavior was investigated from model based on the study by Cardigo (2008), who adapted the models of Roberts (1996) and Straughan and Roberts (1999). A survey was conducted on 334 respondents, among them students and employees of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. The main technique of data analysis was to Structural Equation Modeling. The model adapted from Cardigo (2008) was adequate in understanding the impact of cynicism and materialism on the environmentally conscious consumer behavior and showed good fit indexes in Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Of the ten proposed hypotheses, five were confirmed: materialism has a negative relationship with the environmentally conscious behavior. Furthermore, consumer perceived altruism and efficiency have power to moderate the relationship among cynicism, materialism, environmental concern and environmentally conscious consumer behavior. / A degradação ambiental e a possibilidade do exaurimento de reservas de recursos naturais, aspectos apontados como resultantes do modelo econômico e produtivo vigente, ocasionam o surgimento e o fortalecimento de movimentos pró-ambientalistas. Engajado a esses movimentos, o consumidor ecologicamente consciente manifesta a preocupação ambiental nas suas atitudes e, consequentemente, no seu comportamento de compra. O indivíduo passa a buscar produtos que acredita causar menor impacto ao meio ambiente e a valorizar aqueles, cujos insumos e processos, são provenientes de empresas ambientalmente responsáveis. Os novos padrões de consumo passam a ser tema central de um grande número de pesquisas que procura explicar e investigar as principais mudanças no comportamento do consumidor. A percepção de que a adoção de estratégias voltadas a esse público é efetiva, ocasiona o aumento do número de falsas promessas, o que leva o consumidor a ser influenciado pelo cinismo e questionar a legitimidade do problema ambiental. Ainda, a pressão social e cultural por maiores níveis de consumo acarreta menor adoção de comportamentos ecologicamente conscientes, influenciando o nível de materialismo no consumidor. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo investigar o impacto de diferentes variáveis na adoção do comportamento de consumo ecologicamente consciente. Para tanto, a adoção desse comportamento foi investigada a partir de modelo fundamentado no estudo desenvolvido por Cardigo (2008), que adaptou os modelos de Roberts (1996) e Straughan e Roberts (1999). Foi conduzida uma pesquisa do tipo survey, com 334 respondentes, dentre eles, alunos e servidores da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. A principal técnica de análise de dados foi a Modelagem de Equações Estruturais. O modelo adaptado de Cardigo (2008) mostrou-se adequado na compreensão do impacto do cinismo e do materialismo sobre o comportamento de consumo ecologicamente consciente e apresentou bons índices de ajuste na Análise Fatorial Confirmatória. Das dez hipóteses propostas, cinco foram confirmadas: o materialismo possui relação negativa com o comportamento ecologicamente consciente e o altruísmo e a eficiência percebida do consumidor possuem poder de moderação das relações entre cinismo, materialismo, preocupação ambiental e comportamento de consumo ecologicamente consciente.

La présente étude tente d’élucider comment les œuvres sadiennes, dont le thème est ‘‘ les malheurs de la vertu et les prospérités du vice ’’, traitent la manière dont la pensée passe de la théologie au matérialisme. On retrace d’abord la genèse de l’histoire de Justine et de Juliette, puis récapitule l’histoire du thème à propos de la morale humain. Ensuite, notre lecture éclaircit la particularité du langage que l’auteur emploie et examine son choix de mots, ses expressions et sa rhétorique. On montre l’effet-choc des mots érotiques et violents introduits dans les conventions du langage social. On élucide, à la fin, la nature de la pensée matérialiste, à laquelle Sade emprunte ses arguments, et l’on réfléchit sur la façon dont cette pensée et l’écriture caractéristique de Sade se combinent avec le thème de la vertu et du vice. L’auteur détourne ses sources et travaille ses emprunts afin de justifier les crimes. L’intrigue du récit reflète son point de vue sur le matérialisme. / This study attempts to elucidate how works of Sade, whose theme is ‘‘misfortunes of virtue and prosperity of vice ’’, relate the change of thoughts from the theology to the materialism. The first part of this study presents the genesis of the story of Justine and Juliette, and follows the history of themes about morals. Then, our reading shows features of Sade’s writing, his choice of words and his rhetoric. They reveal the effect of erotic and violent words juxtaposed with the conventional language. We illustrate finally Sade’s materialist vision, and reveal relationship of his thoughts and his writing to the theme of the story. The author distorts a materialist philosophy by his own logic, and the story reflects his viewpoints.