Research indicates that the number of individuals diagnosed with neurological, learning and psychiatric disorders has shown a sharp increase in recent years. An increasing acknowledgement of the importance of narratives and discourses in constructing social reality has stimulated much debate on the consequences of diagnosing individuals with such diagnostic labels. The aim of this study was to explore the ways in which such individuals construct meaning from their experiences of adapting to their diagnostic labels by reframing them as interpersonal metaphors. In service of this aim, a social constructionist epistemology was adopted and discourse analysis was used to analyse the results from three participants’ interview data. The results indicate that participants managed to construct meaning from their experiences with their diagnostic labels through a reframing process that serve to promote positive perceptions of self in relation to others. Furthermore, this meaning-construction process appears to be a reflective and interactional one, in that it relies on a negotiation of meanings between people in a retrospective fashion. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-24T19:35:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcioRXS_DISSERT.pdf: 599993 bytes, checksum: 8d6416d46f2c380c3c9578514a71c156 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-29 / This study try to integrate concepts from referenciation theory to highlight processes of meaning construction of the book A Poesia em P?nico, written by the Brasilian poet Murilo Mendes. The concepts of referenciation, discourse objects and cognitive-experiential schemes were employed to evidence the meanings of the poems in the book, specifing its methods of elaboration and the effects of expression. Parallels beetwen the conception of language proposed by the theories used and that deduced from the poems and poetic pratice of the author studied was traced, making evident its similarities. Equaly, textuals analises are used to demonstrate various aspects of the theories. At the same time, a reading of the main elements of discourse was constructed throughout the study, trying an aproximation beetween the fields of linguistic and literary theory / Este trabalho busca integrar pressupostos oriundos da teoria da referencia??o para evidenciar processos de constru??o de sentido do livro A Poesia em P?nico, do poeta Murilo Mendes. Os conceitos de referencia??o, objetos-de-discurso e esquemas cognitivo-experienciais foram empregados com vista a possibilitar a leitura dos sentidos dos textos que comp?em o livro, esmiu?ando seus modos de elabora??o e efeitos de express?o. Buscou-se tra?ar paralelos entre a concep??o de linguagem proposta pelas teorias utilizadas e aquela que perpassa os poemas e a pr?tica po?tica do autor escolhido para estudo, destacando seus pontos em comum. Da mesma forma, utilizou-se da an?lise dos textos para procurar demonstrar aspectos variados das teorias. Ao mesmo tempo, uma leitura dos principais elementos do discurso analisado foi constru?da ao longo do trabalho, buscando uma aproxima??o entre as ?reas da literatura e da lingu?stica

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:06:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AdaLFS_DISSERT.pdf: 1645660 bytes, checksum: 5de9358a92b2399b650ad69fa7a9b8af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-06 / The object of this study is the construction of situation models in the discourse pattern comic book narrative, and sits in the field of Cognitive Linguistics. Its main foundations are the notions of embodied mind (LAKOFF; JOHNSON, 1999), mental simulation (BARSALOU, 1999), discourse pattern (DUQUE; COSTA, 2012) and situation models (ZWAAN, 1999). I stem from the hypothesis that the process of meaning construction in narratives is attached to the simulation of space, of time and of the characters goals and actions within the story world, dimensions which make up the situation models elaborated by the reader. The simulation of these experiences during discourse processing originates from the fact of it having an embodied and cultural basis, i.e., upon being confronted with the clues found in the narrative, the cognitive structures that make up the reader s personal and social memories are triggered and make it possible to activate information which in turn refer to his/her physical and social experiences, built up in the environment in which he/she lives. As regards comic book narratives, the construction of situation models is closely related to the recurring activation of certain cognitive structures originating from graphic resources that are typical of that discourse pattern. These conclusions were drawn from the data analysis taken from the work Palestina (SACCO, 2003; 2004; 2011) / Este trabalho tem como objeto de estudo a constru??o dos modelos situacionais no padr?o discursivo narrativa em quadrinhos e insere-se no campo da Lingu?stica Cognitiva, tomando por base, principalmente, as no??es de mente corporificada (LAKOFF; JOHNSON, 1999), simula??o mental (BARSALOU, 1999), padr?o discursivo (DUQUE; COSTA, 2012) e modelos situacionais (ZWAAN, 1999). Parto da hip?tese de que o processo de constru??o de sentidos para as narrativas est? atrelado ? simula??o do espa?o, do tempo, dos objetivos e das a??es dos personagens do mundo da hist?ria, dimens?es essas que constituem os modelos situacionais elaborados pelo leitor. A simula??o dessas experi?ncias durante o processamento discursivo adv?m do fato de este ter base corporificada e cultural, ou seja, diante das pistas apresentadas na narrativa, as estruturas cognitivas que comp?em as mem?rias pessoal e social do leitor s?o ativadas e permitem o acionamento de informa??es que remetem ?s suas experi?ncias f?sicas e sociais, constru?das no ambiente em que ele vive. No tocante ?s narrativas em quadrinhos, a constru??o de modelos situacionais est? intimamente ligada ? ativa??o recorrente de certas estruturas cognitivas a partir de recursos gr?ficos t?picos daquele padr?o discursivo. Essas conclus?es foram obtidas a partir da an?lise de dados retirados da obra Palestina (SACCO, 2003; 2004; 2011)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:07:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArethusaAFO_DISSERT.pdf: 1119181 bytes, checksum: 1cdbd9836d1ad553b76d4ba0d1d5c94d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-17 / Our research has as goal to describe and analyze the main processes related to the activation of conceptual domains underlying the comprehension in the discourse pattern cartoons by the students of third grades of high school, at Professor Antonio Bas?lio Filho School. Theoretically, we are grounded on assumptions of Conceptual Linguistics, whose interest analyzes our cognitive apparatus in correlation with our socio-cultural and bodies experiences. We intend to check how is the process of meaning construction and integration of various cognitive domains that are activated during the reading activity. That s why, we take the concept of cognitive domains as equivalent to the structures that are stored in our memory from our sociocultural and corporeal experiences and they are stabilized, respectively, through the frames and schemas. The activation of these conceptual domains, as evidenced by our data, supports the assumption that previous knowledge from our inclusion in specific sociocultural contexts, concurrently with the functioning of our sensory-motor system are essential during the construction activity direction. With this research, we still intend to present a proposal confront the expectations of responses produced by students from the activation of frames and schemas with our predictions / Nossa pesquisa tem por meta principal descrever e analisar os processos relacionados ao acionamento de dom?nios conceptuais subjacentes ? compreens?o do Padr?o Discursivo charge por parte dos alunos da terceira s?rie do Ensino M?dio, na Escola Estadual Professor Ant?nio Bas?lio Filho, em Parnamirim. Teoricamente, estamos ancorados nos pressupostos da Lingu?stica Cognitiva, cujo interesse est? em analisar nosso aparato cognitivo em correla??o com as nossas experi?ncias socioculturais e corp?reas. Pretendemos verificar como ocorre o processo de constru??o de sentidos e a integra??o dos diversos dom?nios cognitivos que s?o acionados durante a atividade de leitura. Para isso, tomamos o conceito de dom?nios cognitivos como equivalente ?s estruturas que s?o armazenadas em nossa mem?ria a partir de nossas experi?ncias socioculturais e corp?reas e s?o estabilizam, respectivamente, a partir dos frames e esquemas. O acionamento desses dom?nios conceptuais, evidenciado nos dados sob an?lise, corrobora o pressuposto de que os conhecimentos pr?vios oriundos de nossa inser??o em contextos socioculturais espec?ficos, concomitantemente com o funcionamento de nosso sistema sens?rio-motor, s?o determinantes durante a atividade de constru??o de sentido. Com esta pesquisa, intentamos ainda confrontar as expectativas de respostas produzidas pelos alunos, a partir do acionamento dos frames e esquemas, com as nossas predi??es

Submitted by isabela.moljf@hotmail.com (isabela.moljf@hotmail.com) on 2017-02-24T13:53:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ritadecassiabarrosdefreitasaraujo.pdf: 669356 bytes, checksum: df69cad9a148e2599f236907f1f04228 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-24T15:36:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ritadecassiabarrosdefreitasaraujo.pdf: 669356 bytes, checksum: df69cad9a148e2599f236907f1f04228 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-24T15:36:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ritadecassiabarrosdefreitasaraujo.pdf: 669356 bytes, checksum: df69cad9a148e2599f236907f1f04228 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-24T15:36:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ritadecassiabarrosdefreitasaraujo.pdf: 669356 bytes, checksum: df69cad9a148e2599f236907f1f04228 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-03 / O presente trabalho constituiu-se como uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho histórico cultural, tendo como objetivo compreender, através dos discursos, os sentidos que os professores do 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental estão construindo para a inclusão das crianças de seis anos de idade nesse segmento de ensino. Os construtos teóricos de Lev Semenovich Vygotsky e Mikhail Bakhtin, principais representantes da perspectiva histórico-cultural, apresentaram-se como fundamentos teóricos capazes de oferecer um sólido embasamento para a realização de tal pesquisa. Participaram como sujeitos quatro professoras do primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental de duas escolas da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Juiz de Fora, sendo uma escola reconhecida como de Ensino fundamental e outra reconhecida como de Educação Infantil. Além dos dados levantados em entrevistas com as professoras, foram realizadas leituras dos Projetos Político - Pedagógicos das duas escolas e algumas observações in loco, registradas em um diário de campo. A análise dos dados baseou-se nos estudos de Aguiar (2000, 2001, 2005) e Aguiar & Ozella (2006) e está organizada em três núcleos de significação: (i)a nova formatação do ensino: impactos e desafios; (ii)infância, desenvolvimento e aprendizagem; (iii)reflexões sobre dicotomias. Nesta pesquisa, concluiu-se que os sentidos construídos para a inclusão das crianças de seis anos de idade no Ensino Fundamental de nove anos foram-se constituindo a partir do imaginário pedagógico a respeito do trabalho a ser exercido na Educação Infantil, no Ensino Fundamental e no trabalho a ser realizado com as crianças de seis anos. Constatou-se ainda a falta de apoio pedagógico às professoras, o esconhecimento dos documentos oficiais que orientam o trabalho com as crianças de seis anos, a necessidade de fundamentação teórica mais consistente por parte das docentes e o movimento coerente e positivo de construção de sentidos e de busca de conhecimentos que se estabeleceu a partir da nova formatação do ensino. Ressaltou-se também a importância da realização de pesquisas que dêem continuidade a este trabalho. / The present work was a result of a qualitative research under a historical cultural perspective aimed at understanding the different meanings first-year primary school teachers are providing through their discourse for including six-year-old children in this school grade. The theories by Lev Semenovich Vygotsky and Mikhail Bakhtin, who were the major representatives of the historical cultural perspective, proved to be a solid basis for carrying out the research. Four first-year primary school teachers from two schools of the Municipal School Network of Juiz de Fora were selected as subjects, one school being ranked as Primary School and the other as Secondary School. Apart from data collecting by means of interviews with the teachers, the educational policy guidelines from these schools were analysed, and some in loco observations were made and recorded as field work. Data analysis was based on the works by Aguiar (2000, 2001, 2005), and Aguiar & Ozella (2006) and was divided up into three meaninful blocks: (i) the new educational arrangement: impacts and challenges; (ii) childhood, development and learning; and (iii) reflections on dichotomies. In this research the meanings constructed for the inclusion of six-year old children in the nine-year school schedule were found to be built through the pedagogical imagery about the work to be done in both primary and secondary schools and the work to be done with six-year-old children. Lack of pedagogical support and knowledge about official documents guiding the work with six-year-olds were also found, apart from the need for more thorough theoretical framework on the teachers´ part and for a consistent process of meaning construction and knowledge search which was established by the new educational arrangement. The importance of carrying out continued research in this area was also highlighted.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / During the 20th century, production and labor flows across borders have increased the frequency of transnational constituted families. In the past, family configurations across borders were composed primarily of an immigrant male income-producer living apart from women and children who remained in the sending country. In contrast, in recent years more women are also leaving their loved ones behind in order to become their family’s main source of income. In many cases, women even leave their children to be cared for by their relatives. This social phenomenon is now known as transnational motherhood. In the U.S., transnational motherhood has become increasinly common, particulalry among women of Filipino and Latin American origins. The new trends of transnational motherhood, challenge mainstream western ideas about family configuration and in particular, about women’s maternal role. Whereas in Western cultures mothering is generally understood as a practice that involves the physical presence, nurturance and training of children for adulthood, transnational mothers generally choose physical separation in order to better their children material conditions. Consequently, transnational mothers may suffer as a result of social stigma and peer pressure of 'good mothering'. The present study examined the processes of meaning construction that serve to promote and negotiate motherhood identity and stigma management among Mexican mothers who left their children back in their country. In doing so, this study relied on theoretical frameworks about ideology, identity construction, social roles and stigma management.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Com o objetivo de investigar as possibilidades interativas de bebês entre si, como constroem suas preferências, e quais meios de expressão utilizam para se comunicar, a presente pesquisa buscou identificar as possíveis relações/vinculações com a construção de significados compartilhados na interação entre pares. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram bebês de 6 a 15 meses, numa Escola Municipal Infantil do Município de Porto Alegre. Através do estudo de tipo etnográfico foi possível observar, registrando em diário de campo e fitas gravadas o cotidiano do grupo de bebês de uma turma de Berçário. Isto ocorreu fazendo recortes de episódios interativos do processo de interação bebê-bebê nos primeiros anos de vida, Nas situações interativas observadas, com estes bebês, os contatos corporais se intensificaram nas brincadeiras, nas disputas, ou na movimentação espontânea permitindo trocas mais efetivas numa evidente intencionalidade de aproximação ao corpo do outro. Constatei também que a expressividade se fazia crescente à medida que pareciam mais ‘atentos’ uns aos outros, pois fazendo uso da comunicação mímicogestual, acompanhada de vocalizações, faziam-se entender. A comunicação pelo olhar acompanhado do sorriso como signo de socialização, o chamado “sorriso social”, gradativamente se convertem em instrumentos para atuar sobre seu meio. Foi significativo o papel da linguagem (fala) à medida que se constituía como mediador na interação neste contexto permitindo dar mais sentido nas relações entre crianças através da reciprocidade. Nesta trama se fazem presentes também a imitação com função social, o brinquedo, o espaço físico e psicológico, o educador como mediador das relações e do conhecimento, são aspectos facilitadores da construção da identidade de cada bebê e de uma realidade social compartilhada neste contexto > educativo. / The present research had as its main purpose to investigate babies’ interactive possibilities in an educational setting, to verify how they build their relations, their preferences and which means of expression they use to communicate. It also tried to identify the possible relations of meaning construction shared in the interaction among pairs. The research was done in a County School for Children’s Education in Porto Alegre City, and the subjects of the research were babies from 6 to 15 months. Through a study of ethnographic type it was possible to observe, recording on field diary and video, the daily life of the babies’ group from the Nursery class. The analysis was done through cutting outs of baby-baby’s interactive episodes. In the situations observed body contacts were made through games, competitions, or spontaneous movement, allowing more effective exchanges, and showing an evident intention of one another approaching. It was also noticed that expressiveness was growing up as the babies seemed to be more attentive to one another, and it was because the use of mime-gesture communication, together with vocalizations, helped them to make themselves understood. The communication through eye contact, together with smiling as a sign of socialization – social smile – was gradually converted into instruments that helped to build interactions. The role of language (speaking) was meaningful as it acted like a mediator in the interaction in this context, allowing more meaning to be present among children’s relations through reciprocity. In this plot aspects such as the miming with social function, the game, the social and psychological settings, and the educator as a mediator of relations and knowledge, were present as facilitators of each baby’s development, and also of a social reality shared in this learning context.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:07:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaKM_TESE.pdf: 3038556 bytes, checksum: 959c362d0d49e946b855e4fe4d1d94e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-04 / This research has as its theoretical and methodological assumptions (1) the Narrative Inquiry (CLANDININ; CONNELLY, 2011), (2) the Systemic Functional Grammar (HALLIDAY, 1985, 1994; THOMPSON, 2002; EGGINS, 1994; HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) and (3) the English for Specific Purposes Approach (ESP - HUTCHINSON; WATERS, 1987; CELANI, 2005; RAMOS, 2005), and its overall objective is to survey the meanings construed by the participants who are ESP practitioners and have not received a specific education to teach this approach at their undergraduation. The field texts and therefore the analises were divided into two distinct groups: the first with data generated from a questionnaire applied to nine professors from a federal university in the northeast of Brazil, which contains open and closed questions about their training and their experiences in teaching ESP; the second group, focusing this time on the experiences of three professors from the first group who were still teaching ESP, with data generated from interviews with these participants in addition to the data generated from their autobiographies and from the researcher?s as well. The computational tool WordSmith Tools 6.0 (SCOTT, 2012) was used to select, organize, and quantify data to be analyzed in the first group of texts, identifying the types of Processes and Participants through the Transitivity System (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004). The Processes which were more used by the professors in the questionnaire were the Material, followed by the Relational and then the Mental ones, indicating that most professors reported their actions related to the teaching of ESP, rated or evaluated the approach, their training to teach it and their experiences, hence, rarely showing their thoughts and emotions about teaching ESP. Most of the nine professors say they carry out needs analysis, but not all do it according to the authors cited by them or the ones that are considered a reference in this area, such as the ones used in this research as reference. Similarly, their definitions and conceptions of ESP, in most cases, differed from these authors. All the professors claim not having had specific education to teach ESP at the undergraduation. When examining the stories of the four teachers, in the second group of the field texts, based on meaning composition according to Ely, Vinz, Downing and Anzul (2001), it was revealed that the kind of knowledge they report using when they teach ESP is related to their Personal Practical Knowledge and their Professional Knowledge (ELBAZ, 1983; CLANDININ, 1988). In their autobiographies, metaphors were also identified and they represent their concepts of teaching and being a teacher. Through this research, we hope to contribute to the understanding of what teaching ESP might mean for professors in the researched context and also to the continuing education of ESP practitioners, as well as to a review of the curricula in the English language undergraduate courses and of the role of ESP in the training of these professionals / A presente pesquisa tem como pressupostos te?rico-metodol?gicos (1) a Pesquisa Narrativa (PN CLANDININ; CONNELLY, 2011), (2) a Gram?tica Sist?mico-Funcional (GSF HALLIDAY, 1985, 1994; THOMPSON, 2002; EGGINS, 1994; HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) e (3) a abordagem de ensino de Ingl?s para Fins Espec?ficos (IFE HUTCHINSON; WATERS, 1987; CELANI, 2005; RAMOS, 2005), com o objetivo geral de fazer um levantamento dos sentidos constru?dos pelos professores participantes sobre o IFE, a forma??o espec?fica que receberam para ministr?-lo e a sua experi?ncia em ensin?-lo no n?vel superior. Os textos de campo e, por conseguinte, as an?lises, foram organizados em dois grupos distintos: o primeiro com dados gerados a partir de um question?rio aplicado a nove professores de uma institui??o p?blica no nordeste brasileiro, contendo perguntas abertas e fechadas a respeito de sua forma??o e de suas experi?ncias em ministrar a disciplina de Ingl?s Instrumental e o segundo grupo, a partir do enfoque nas experi?ncias de tr?s professoras do primeiro grupo que continuavam ensinando IFE, com dados gerados por entrevistas com essas participantes e por suas autobiografias, al?m dos dados gerados pela autobiografia da pr?pria pesquisadora, tamb?m participante da pesquisa. Foi usada a ferramenta computacional WordSmith Tools 6.0 (SCOTT, 2012) para selecionar, organizar e quantificar os dados a serem analisados no primeiro grupo de textos, identificando-se os tipos de Processos e os Participantes, pelo Sistema de Transitividade (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004), sendo que os Processos mais usados pelos professores no question?rio foram os Materiais, seguidos dos Relacionais e em terceiro lugar os Mentais, indicando que a maioria relatou mais suas a??es com rela??o ao ensino de IFE, classificou ou definiu a abordagem, sua forma??o e suas experi?ncias do que demonstrou seus pensamentos e emo??es a respeito de ensinar IFE. A maioria dos nove professores afirma fazer a an?lise de necessidades, mas nem todos a fazem de acordo com o que estabelecem os autores por eles citados ou outros autores considerados refer?ncia nessa ?rea, tais como os que usamos nesta pesquisa. Do mesmo modo, suas defini??es e concep??es sobre IFE, na maioria das vezes, diferem das desses autores. Todos os professores participantes alegam n?o ter tido forma??o espec?fica para ensinar IFE na licenciatura. Ao analisar os relatos das quatro professoras do segundo grupo de textos de campo, com base na composi??o de sentidos segundo Ely, Vinz, Downing e Anzul (2001), percebeu-se que o tipo de conhecimento que estas referem usar para ministrar IFE est? relacionado ao Conhecimento Pr?tico Pessoal e ao Conhecimento Profissional (ELBAZ, 1983; CLANDININ, 1988). Em seus relatos, foram identificadas tamb?m imagens que representam suas concep??es a respeito de ensinar e ser professora. Esperamos, atrav?s desta pesquisa, contribuir tanto para a compreens?o do que pode significar ensinar IFE para os professores do contexto pesquisado, como para a forma??o continuada de professores de IFE, assim como para uma revis?o nos curr?culos de Letras e do papel do IFE na forma??o do professor de l?ngua inglesa