A segunda metade da década de 1970 foi marcada pelo início da política de abertura da ditadura civil-militar brasileira e por um fortalecimento dos setores de oposição ao regime. Nesse período, os movimentos sociais retomaram as ruas como espaço de manifestação e de luta pela democracia no país após mais de dez anos de ditadura. O objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender a importância desse processo para o contexto de transição democrática no Brasil e a forma como a imprensa gaúcha participou nessa conjuntura por meio da construção de representações sobre esses acontecimentos através do fotojornalismo. Tendo em vista essas questões, no presente trabalho proponho-me a analisar as fotografias produzidas e veiculadas pelos jornais Zero Hora e Folha da Manhã, buscando analisar as representações visuais acerca da atuação do movimento estudantil, pela anistia e sindical na conjuntura do final dos anos 1970, e compreender o processo de construção dessas representações e as disputas em torno delas. Para dar conta destes objetivos, serão comparadas as narrativas fotojornalísticas que tais veículos de imprensa elaboraram sobre os acontecimentos em questão, analisando o contexto da cultura visual e do campo jornalístico da época, as práticas e relações sociais que envolviam o processo de produção, transmissão e consumo das imagens fotojornalísticas. / The end of the 1970s was marked by the beginning of the „opening‟ policy of the Brazilian civil-military dictatorship and by a strengthening of the opposition sectors to the regime. During this period, social movements retrieved the streets as a riot space to fight for the democratization of the country after more than ten years of dictatorship. The objective of this research is to understand the importance of this process for the democratic transition context in Brazil and how the press participated in this the construction of representations about these events through photojournalism. Given these issues, in this work I propose to analyze the photographs produced by the newspapers Zero Hora and Folha da Manhã, trying to understand the patterns of visual representation regarding the role of social movements in the fight for democracy, analyzing the process of construction of visual representations and the disputes that involves them in the struggles for symbolic power. To accomplish these objectives, the photojournalistic narratives about the riots in issue constructed by the newspapers will be analyzed in its articulations with the historical context of Brazilian redemocratization and rise of social movements, the context of visual culture and the journalistic field of the period, the practices and social relations involving the process of producing, transmission and consumption of photojournalistic images.

During the last decades, the presence of visual media has increased dramatically. However, very little empirical research has been carried out to determine the implication of the medium photograph as a visual information transmitter. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the characteristics of professional press photos that relate to war and armed conflicts and to examine the framing of victimhood. A thorough literature review as well as an iconographic interpretation of World Press Photos serves to ascertain data in order to permit answering the research questions.   The World Press Photo Foundation is the subject of research as it represents the most prestigious international competition for press photography at present and thus acts as an agenda-setter. That highlights the implication of its decisions about professional photographs since its coverage of certain issues biases the international media coverage of the same. It also affects the development of professional photojournalism. In this context the meaning of photographs in today’s visual media societies can be discussed.

There is no abstract available for this thesis. / Department of Journalism

In order to explain some of the paradoxes and mysteries of the artist's cross cultural experience in Kiribati, he constructed an Artist's Book depicting through visuality, anecdote and reflection, his research process, engaging with current visual perceptions through negotiation with the past. In Kiribati previous encounters with Europeans and Islanders was dominated by English and I Kiribati with significant contributions by French missionaries. Each viewed the other through cultural filters of identity, which were informed by concepts of myth-historical, often heroic pasts, modified by contemporary purpose such as power, trade, evangelism or personal gain. The method of transmission of beliefs about the past differed fundamentally as the Europeans were predominately informed by writing and the I-Kiribati by orality and performance. The non-literary epistemology of the I Kiribati contributed to a cosmology of non-iconic symbols that defined belief systems and social structures. These symbols connected place and space with time, self and group identities. The research found that the all surrounding visual symbol system of sacred meeting house (maneaba), dwelling (bata) and canoe (waa and baurua)) could be partly understood as an ongoing struggle since Deep Time, between the forces of the Ocea n represented by Bakoa, The Shark, and that of the triumph of the coming onto the Land and its people (aba) represented by Tabakea, The Turtle. The performative outcome of this triumph and the spirit of identity (Te Katai ni Kiribati) it engenders is expressed primarily in the ubiquitous I Kiribati Dance. The Artists Book is inspired by the creative classic I Kiribati form of oratory known as Te Kuna, using a structure analogous to the symbolic forms of narrative of Oceanic Voyaging traditionally employed by the I Kiribati. Differences in visual perceptions across cultural interface are understood not only as having the potential for conflict but also as providing positive dynamic force by the interchange of understood differences. The project contributes specifically to the ethnography of English and I Kiribati, semiotic systems and visual epistemologies, indicating directions towards positive outcomes in cross-cultural encounters.

A segunda metade da década de 1970 foi marcada pelo início da política de abertura da ditadura civil-militar brasileira e por um fortalecimento dos setores de oposição ao regime. Nesse período, os movimentos sociais retomaram as ruas como espaço de manifestação e de luta pela democracia no país após mais de dez anos de ditadura. O objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender a importância desse processo para o contexto de transição democrática no Brasil e a forma como a imprensa gaúcha participou nessa conjuntura por meio da construção de representações sobre esses acontecimentos através do fotojornalismo. Tendo em vista essas questões, no presente trabalho proponho-me a analisar as fotografias produzidas e veiculadas pelos jornais Zero Hora e Folha da Manhã, buscando analisar as representações visuais acerca da atuação do movimento estudantil, pela anistia e sindical na conjuntura do final dos anos 1970, e compreender o processo de construção dessas representações e as disputas em torno delas. Para dar conta destes objetivos, serão comparadas as narrativas fotojornalísticas que tais veículos de imprensa elaboraram sobre os acontecimentos em questão, analisando o contexto da cultura visual e do campo jornalístico da época, as práticas e relações sociais que envolviam o processo de produção, transmissão e consumo das imagens fotojornalísticas. / The end of the 1970s was marked by the beginning of the „opening‟ policy of the Brazilian civil-military dictatorship and by a strengthening of the opposition sectors to the regime. During this period, social movements retrieved the streets as a riot space to fight for the democratization of the country after more than ten years of dictatorship. The objective of this research is to understand the importance of this process for the democratic transition context in Brazil and how the press participated in this the construction of representations about these events through photojournalism. Given these issues, in this work I propose to analyze the photographs produced by the newspapers Zero Hora and Folha da Manhã, trying to understand the patterns of visual representation regarding the role of social movements in the fight for democracy, analyzing the process of construction of visual representations and the disputes that involves them in the struggles for symbolic power. To accomplish these objectives, the photojournalistic narratives about the riots in issue constructed by the newspapers will be analyzed in its articulations with the historical context of Brazilian redemocratization and rise of social movements, the context of visual culture and the journalistic field of the period, the practices and social relations involving the process of producing, transmission and consumption of photojournalistic images.

CAPES / Esta pesquisa investiga como a fotografia, a partir das fotorreportagens de Jean Manzon e José Medeiros presentes na revista O Cruzeiro, contribuiu para a representação de modos de vida urbanos no Brasil na passagem dos anos 1940 para os 1950. Busco compreender quais conceitos são destacados através da produção desses fotógrafos no período de 1947 a 1951. Assim, foram analisadas 11 reportagens publicadas dentro do período escolhido. A partir dos Estudos Sociais da Ciência e da Tecnologia propõe-se que os modos de ver são componentes essenciais do sistema tecnológico fotográfico, porque os modos particulares e coletivos de interpretar o mundo, nos quais fotógrafos e editores estão embebidos, se cristalizam em fotografias durante a produção das mesmas. A associação da fotografia à imprensa, especialmente no início do século XX, ampliou o acesso às representações de cidades, pessoas e modos de vida de lugares que muitas pessoas não veriam com os próprios olhos. O Cruzeiro foi uma revista ilustrada semanal que circulou a partir de 1928 e, na década de 1940 se tornou vetor da modernização do fotojornalismo brasileiro ao aplicar modelos inspirados em revistas europeias. Com grande variedade temática e distribuição nacional, O Cruzeiro atingiu um grande número de leitores e se tornou um importante veículo de comunicação no país. Eu entendo que a fotografia influencia na relação entre as pessoas e o mundo quando a percepção de objetos, lugares, conceitos é mediada pelas representações presentes nas imagens. Através das análises, foi possível perceber que as reportagens constroem conceitos pelas representações a partir de binômios como feminilidade e masculinidade, lazer e trabalho, civilizado e selvagem, classes baixas e altas, entre outros. Porém, esses temas se articulam entre si, entrecruzam-se: por exemplo, as representações de feminilidade ou masculinidade são atravessadas por marcadores de classe social, geração e etnia. As escolhas dos fotógrafos e da revista na produção e circulação de fotografias, ao se repetirem ao longo dos anos, funcionam como proposições de modelos de vida. / This research investigates how photography, present in photo reportages made by Jean Manzon and José Medeiros in the magazine O Cruzeiro, contributed to representation of urban ways of life in Brazil during the passage of the 1940s to 1950s. I seek to understand which concepts were highlighted through the production of these photographers in the period 1947-1951. Therefore, 11 reportages published during the chosen period were analyzed. Based on the Science and Technology Studies, I propose that the ways of seeing are essential components of photographic technological system. Because the private and collective ways of interpreting the world in which photographers and editors are embedded are crystallized in photos during production. The association of photography to the press, especially in the early twentieth century, expanded the access to representations of cities, people and lifestyles from places that many people would not be able to see with their own eyes. O Cruzeiro was a weekly illustrated magazine started in 1928. In the 1940s, inspired by European magazines, it became a modernization's vector of Brazilian photojournalism. With thematic variety and national distribution, O Cruzeiro reached a wide audience and became an important media in Brazil. I understand that photography influences the relationship between people and the world when the perception of objects, places, concepts is mediated by representations. Throughout the analysis was observed that the reportages build concepts by representations using dichotomies as femininity and masculinity, leisure and work, civilized and savage, lower and upper classes, among others. However, these themes are articulated to each other: for example, femininity or masculinity representations are crossed by social class, generation and ethnicity markers. The choices made by photographers and magazine, during photographic production and circulation, work like proposals of life models when representations are repeated over the years.

CAPES / Esta pesquisa investiga como a fotografia, a partir das fotorreportagens de Jean Manzon e José Medeiros presentes na revista O Cruzeiro, contribuiu para a representação de modos de vida urbanos no Brasil na passagem dos anos 1940 para os 1950. Busco compreender quais conceitos são destacados através da produção desses fotógrafos no período de 1947 a 1951. Assim, foram analisadas 11 reportagens publicadas dentro do período escolhido. A partir dos Estudos Sociais da Ciência e da Tecnologia propõe-se que os modos de ver são componentes essenciais do sistema tecnológico fotográfico, porque os modos particulares e coletivos de interpretar o mundo, nos quais fotógrafos e editores estão embebidos, se cristalizam em fotografias durante a produção das mesmas. A associação da fotografia à imprensa, especialmente no início do século XX, ampliou o acesso às representações de cidades, pessoas e modos de vida de lugares que muitas pessoas não veriam com os próprios olhos. O Cruzeiro foi uma revista ilustrada semanal que circulou a partir de 1928 e, na década de 1940 se tornou vetor da modernização do fotojornalismo brasileiro ao aplicar modelos inspirados em revistas europeias. Com grande variedade temática e distribuição nacional, O Cruzeiro atingiu um grande número de leitores e se tornou um importante veículo de comunicação no país. Eu entendo que a fotografia influencia na relação entre as pessoas e o mundo quando a percepção de objetos, lugares, conceitos é mediada pelas representações presentes nas imagens. Através das análises, foi possível perceber que as reportagens constroem conceitos pelas representações a partir de binômios como feminilidade e masculinidade, lazer e trabalho, civilizado e selvagem, classes baixas e altas, entre outros. Porém, esses temas se articulam entre si, entrecruzam-se: por exemplo, as representações de feminilidade ou masculinidade são atravessadas por marcadores de classe social, geração e etnia. As escolhas dos fotógrafos e da revista na produção e circulação de fotografias, ao se repetirem ao longo dos anos, funcionam como proposições de modelos de vida. / This research investigates how photography, present in photo reportages made by Jean Manzon and José Medeiros in the magazine O Cruzeiro, contributed to representation of urban ways of life in Brazil during the passage of the 1940s to 1950s. I seek to understand which concepts were highlighted through the production of these photographers in the period 1947-1951. Therefore, 11 reportages published during the chosen period were analyzed. Based on the Science and Technology Studies, I propose that the ways of seeing are essential components of photographic technological system. Because the private and collective ways of interpreting the world in which photographers and editors are embedded are crystallized in photos during production. The association of photography to the press, especially in the early twentieth century, expanded the access to representations of cities, people and lifestyles from places that many people would not be able to see with their own eyes. O Cruzeiro was a weekly illustrated magazine started in 1928. In the 1940s, inspired by European magazines, it became a modernization's vector of Brazilian photojournalism. With thematic variety and national distribution, O Cruzeiro reached a wide audience and became an important media in Brazil. I understand that photography influences the relationship between people and the world when the perception of objects, places, concepts is mediated by representations. Throughout the analysis was observed that the reportages build concepts by representations using dichotomies as femininity and masculinity, leisure and work, civilized and savage, lower and upper classes, among others. However, these themes are articulated to each other: for example, femininity or masculinity representations are crossed by social class, generation and ethnicity markers. The choices made by photographers and magazine, during photographic production and circulation, work like proposals of life models when representations are repeated over the years.

A segunda metade da década de 1970 foi marcada pelo início da política de abertura da ditadura civil-militar brasileira e por um fortalecimento dos setores de oposição ao regime. Nesse período, os movimentos sociais retomaram as ruas como espaço de manifestação e de luta pela democracia no país após mais de dez anos de ditadura. O objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender a importância desse processo para o contexto de transição democrática no Brasil e a forma como a imprensa gaúcha participou nessa conjuntura por meio da construção de representações sobre esses acontecimentos através do fotojornalismo. Tendo em vista essas questões, no presente trabalho proponho-me a analisar as fotografias produzidas e veiculadas pelos jornais Zero Hora e Folha da Manhã, buscando analisar as representações visuais acerca da atuação do movimento estudantil, pela anistia e sindical na conjuntura do final dos anos 1970, e compreender o processo de construção dessas representações e as disputas em torno delas. Para dar conta destes objetivos, serão comparadas as narrativas fotojornalísticas que tais veículos de imprensa elaboraram sobre os acontecimentos em questão, analisando o contexto da cultura visual e do campo jornalístico da época, as práticas e relações sociais que envolviam o processo de produção, transmissão e consumo das imagens fotojornalísticas. / The end of the 1970s was marked by the beginning of the „opening‟ policy of the Brazilian civil-military dictatorship and by a strengthening of the opposition sectors to the regime. During this period, social movements retrieved the streets as a riot space to fight for the democratization of the country after more than ten years of dictatorship. The objective of this research is to understand the importance of this process for the democratic transition context in Brazil and how the press participated in this the construction of representations about these events through photojournalism. Given these issues, in this work I propose to analyze the photographs produced by the newspapers Zero Hora and Folha da Manhã, trying to understand the patterns of visual representation regarding the role of social movements in the fight for democracy, analyzing the process of construction of visual representations and the disputes that involves them in the struggles for symbolic power. To accomplish these objectives, the photojournalistic narratives about the riots in issue constructed by the newspapers will be analyzed in its articulations with the historical context of Brazilian redemocratization and rise of social movements, the context of visual culture and the journalistic field of the period, the practices and social relations involving the process of producing, transmission and consumption of photojournalistic images.

En el presente trabajo de investigación, se analizará de manera descriptiva y connotativa las fotografías realizadas de la marcha nacional del mes de noviembre del 2020, como un producto con sentido propio, que permite generar emociones. El objeto de estudio para esta investigación son las fotografías captadas por periodistas, aficionados y amateurs. Las cuales serán analizadas por sus características denotativas como el encuadre, composición, plano e iluminación y sus características connotativas según su tipología como foto informativa, foto documental, foto ensayo y foto ilustración. En cuanto a la metodología aplicada para esta investigación, se seleccionaron cierta cantidad de imágenes, difundidas en las redes sociales, las cuales considero que generaron mayor impacto emocional en la sociedad. Finalmente, estas imágenes han sido segmentadas en orden cronológico para un mejor desarrollo / In this research work, the photographs taken of the national march of the month of November 2020 will be analyzed in a descriptive and connotative way, as a product with its own meaning, which allows it to generate emotions. The object of study for this research are the photographs taken by: journalists, fans and amateurs. Which will be analyzed for their denoting characteristics such as framing, composition, plane and lighting and their connotative characteristics according to their typology such as informative photo, documentary photo, photo essay and photo illustration. Regarding the methodology applied for this research, a certain amount of images were selected, disseminated on social networks, which I consider had a greater emotional impact on society. Finally, these images have been segmented in chronological order for a better development / Trabajo de investigación

No description available.